Unit 6 Period 3 Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Period 3　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．They were playing on the sea shore when the robbery occurred in broad daylight. 2．To conduct the experiment，you should prepare a thermometer，a rubber tube(管子) and some cotton wool. 3．The insurance industry will pay out billions of dollars for damage caused by Hurricane(飓风) Katrina. 4.Psychologists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sad stories. 5．The volcano on the border erupted last year，killing about 600 people. 6．There are only 35 staff and 10 servants of the Rose family to serve 30,000 plus(多) customers. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．The announcer was making an announcement when the power was off.(announce) 2．The hospital says she’s out of immediate danger but should be operated on immediately.(immediate) 3．A volcano erupted suddenly and the eruption caused great damage to the villages nearby.(erupt) 4．It suddenly occurred to me that the occurrence of such things was not by accident.(occur) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．It is typical that she always lies to others，so she is not reliable. 她一贯对别人撒谎，所以她不可靠。(it作形式主语) 2．The film is very popular because it is based on/upon a real person. 因为以真人为基础，这部电影很受欢迎。(because引导原因状语从句) 3．She has helped many students wanting to learn folk dance，including me. 她帮助了很多想学民族舞蹈的学生，包括我。(现在分词作后置定语) immediately adv.即刻，马上 conj.一……就……；即刻(immediate adj.即刻的，马上的；迫切的) 能作连词用的副词还有：directly，instantly(一……就……) 相当于①the moment/instant/second/minute ②on/upon (doing) sth ③as soon as (1)(2021·浙江，读后续写)I understood immediately(immediate) what my parents were worried about. (2)He greeted me with a big smile immediately he saw me. ①He greeted me with a big smile the moment/instant/second/minute he saw me.(“the＋n.”引导的从句) ②He greeted me with a big smile on seeing me.(on doing) ③He greeted me with a big smile as soon as he saw me.(as soon as) (3)It is urged that the government should take immediate measures to respond to the disaster. 人们敦促政府应立即采取措施应对这场灾难。 occur v．发生；出现；存在于；(想法)产生(occurrence n．发生的事情；发生，出现) sth occurs/occurred to sb某人突然想起某事；某人发生某事 It occurs to sb to do sth某人想到做某事 It occurs to sb that...＝It strikes/hits sb that...某人突然想到…… (1)(应用文写作之日记)It never occurred to me that I could talk face to face with the famous chemist one day. (2)For a military commander，winning or losing a battle is a common occurrence(occur)． (3)他想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。 ①It occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.(occur) ②It hit him that he had left his keys in the office.(hit) ③It struck him that he had left his keys in the office.(strike) announcement n．通告，公告(announce v．宣布；宣告；通知；声称 announcer n．广播员，下通知的人) •make an announcement发表声明 •announce (sth) to sb向某人宣布某事 It is announced that...据宣布…… 注意：announce后不跟双宾语，即不能说announce sb sth，要说announce sth to sb。 (1)The announcer cleared his throat，saying，“Attention，please.I have an important announcement to make.”(announce) (2)Our teacher announces to us that you are coming to visit our school next week，so I am writing to tell you some arrangements of your visit. 我们的老师向我们宣布你下周要来我们学校参观，所以我写信告诉你一些参观的安排。 (3)It was announced that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes. 据宣布，只有当火势被控制住后居民才被允许返回家中。 look through快速查看，浏览，透过……看 look after照顾，照料 look for期待；寻找 look at看待；考虑；(仔细)察看，检查 look forward to期待，盼望 look back on/upon回顾，回忆 look on...as...把……看作/视为…… 　　Whenever I look at these old photos，I would look back on/upon the days we spent together.You were always looking after me as if we were real sisters.Actually，I am always looking on you as my best friend.When I looked through your letter yesterday and knew you are visiting my city this summer vacation.I am really looking forward to seeing you again soon. 每当我看到这些旧照片时，我都会回顾我们在一起的日子。你总是像照顾亲姐妹一样照顾我。事实上，我一直把你当作我最好的朋友。昨天我看了你的信，知道你今年暑假要来我的城市。我真的期待很快再次见到你。 It＋be＋adj.＋that从句 教材原句　It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines，as well as one of the deepest.我通常上班所走的路线刚好是地铁里最老、最深的一条线。(P82) •该句结构为It＋be＋adj.＋that从句，It是形式主语，that从句为真正的主语；适用于此句型的形容词还有necessary，clear，true，strange，certain，likely，obvious 等。 •为了平衡句子结构，通常使用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语移至句末，此类句型有： It＋be＋n.＋that从句 It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句 It＋不及物动词(短语)＋that从句 (1)(应用文写作之通知)It is required (require) that everyone be present at the lecture on time. (2)It is obvious that he can’t face up to his failure in the competition. 显然，他不能正视自己在比赛中的失败。 (3)It is a pity that he got injured at his first attempt to reach the top. 他在第一次尝试登顶时受伤了，真遗憾。 (4)It occurred to me that there was an important announcement to make at the beginning of the class. 我突然想到，上课伊始，我要宣布一个重要的通知。 Ⅰ.一词多义 plus A.prep.加，加上　B.n.优势，长处　C.adj.用于数字后面表示多，余 1．Fluency in Italian is a definite plus，but not a requirement. B 2．In my 25 years plus as a police officer，I have never seen a more diligent man. C 3．Two plus five is seven. A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．He knew little about baseball.The only baseball he saw was on the tube.n.电视机 2．If I heard someone speak ill of me behind my back，I’d erupt and go crazy. v.(感情、情绪)爆发 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．How did your coach react to the news of the failure in the game? 2．You can’t expect to learn(learn) a foreign language in just a few months. 3．It is typical that he forgets to bring a gift when attending a birthday party. 4．The couple were killed in the volcanic eruption(erupt)，leaving their son alone. 5．Compared with/to adults，children are more eager to explore the world around them. 6．It occurred to the captain to make(make) a telephone call to his wife. 7．Proper measures should be taken immediately(immediate) to stop local residents damaging the cultural heritage. 8．The president made an unexpected announcement(announce) this morning. 9．More importantly(important)，we should stick to our initial dream and never give up. 10．Usually，the stranger an idea is，the more (much) it gets noticed. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．Now that you have made up your mind，you should take action immediately. 2．It is recorded that only five members of Scott’s expedition team made it to the South Pole. 3．Looking through the newspaper，I was shocked by the news of a hurricane. 4．Go down this street and turn to the left at the first crossing.You won’t miss the port. 5．I’d like to move to a larger house by the sea shore if I had the money. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——消防演习) 1．请注意！ 我要宣布一件事。 Attention，please！I have an announcement to make. 2．为了提高我们在火灾发生时的逃生技能，明天下午我们学校将举行消防演习。 To improve our skills of escaping when a fire occurs，a fire drill will be held in our school tomorrow afternoon. 3．重要的是每个人都应该听从老师的指示。 It is important that everyone should follow the teacher’s instructions. 4．火警响起后，立即通过消防通道离开教室。 Leave the classroom through fire fighting access immediately the fire alarm sounds. 5．不要聚集在大厅的入口处，因为你会挡住其他人的路。 Don’t gather at the entrance of the hall，because you will block others’ way. Ⅳ.阅读理解 Earthquakes are a natural disaster—except when they’re man-made.The oil and gas industry has forcefully used the technique known as hydraulic fracturing(水力压裂) to destroy sub-surface rock and free the oil and gas hiding there.But the process results in large amounts of chemical-filled waste water.Horizontal drilling(水平钻探) for oil can also produce a large amount of natural，unwanted salt water.The industry deals with this waste water by pumping it into deep wells. Previously，the US Geological Survey published for the first time an earthquake disaster map covering both natural and “induced” quakes.The map and a report showed that parts of the central United States were facing a ground-shaking disaster equal to the famously unstable terrain(地形) of California. Some 7 million people lived in places easily attacked by these man-made quakes，and almost all the risk of increasing man-made quakes was tied to companies that were pumping waste water from oil and gas production deep into the earth，the USGS reported.The list of places at highest risk of man-made earthquakes included Oklahoma，Kansas，Texas，Arkansas，Colorado，New Mexico，Ohio and Alabama.Most of these earthquakes were relatively small，in the range of magnitude 3，but some were more powerful，including a magnitude 5.6 earthquake in 2011 in Oklahoma that was connected to waste water filling. Scientists said they did not know if there was an upper limit on the magnitude of man-made earthquakes；this was an area of active research.Oklahoma had had prehistoric earthquakes as powerful as magnitude 7. It’s not immediately clear whether this research will change industry practices，or even whether it will surprise anyone in the areas of newly estimated danger.In Oklahoma，for example，the rate of earthquakes was only one or two a year，but there have been hundreds since hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling，with waste water filling，became common in the last years. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍水力压裂和水平钻井以及废水填充导致了人为地震。 1．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “induced” in paragraph 2? A．Man-made. B．Reduced. C．Newly-built. D．Controlled. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，美国地质调查局发布了一张地震灾害地图，其中，natural quakes指的是自然发生的地震，由此可知induced quakes指的是与natural quakes对应的人为导致的地震。故选A。 2．What can cause man-made earthquakes? A．The man-made waste water in the factories. B．The process of digging deep wells in those poor areas. C．The oil and gas industry’s work to harvest the oil and gas. D．The way used by the oil and gas industry to deal with waste water. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“...and almost all the risk of increasing man-made quakes was tied to companies that were pumping waste water from oil and gas production deep into the earth，the USGS reported.”可知，石油和天然气工业处理废水的方法会引起人为地震。故选D。 3．What’s the highest magnitude of man-made earthquakes according to the scientists? A．Magnitude 3. B．Magnitude 5.6. C．Magnitude 7. D．No conclusion. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Scientists said they did not know if there was an upper limit on the magnitude of man-made earthquakes”可知，人为地震的震级上限还是未知的、有待研究的。故选D。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Natural Earthquakes in America Are Disappearing Now B．About 7 Million Americans Are at Risk of Man-made Earthquakes C．Time for the Oil and Gas Industry to Change Its Working Practices D．Earthquakes as Powerful as Magnitude 7 Happen More Often in America 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。文章首先抛出了人为地震的概念并解释了其由来，接下来介绍美国地震调查局的发现：约有七百万美国人会受到人工地震的威胁。故选B。 Ⅴ.完形填空 I used to think my life was perfect.My mom had her dream job and a beautiful office and I had my own room with a computer and a garden to 1 .But one Sunday，everything changed.A hurricane 2 our neighborhood while we were visiting my grandparents in Raleigh.Our kitchen was destroyed，and our clean and comfortable home was in ruins. But something 3 happened.Our neighbors，the Flores family，came to our 4 .They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.Their 5 was most impressive.We had never 6 spoken to them before，but they 7 their home to us and made us feel like family. We started a new 8 of having weekend dinner together.We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us，and our 9 were filled with laughter and delicious food.It was a beautiful thing to see our 10 come together in the wake of a disaster. I 11 knew Rosica，their daughter，before the hurricane.But she quickly became my friend.She had a gift for 12 and our evenings together were filled with adventure and laughter. Looking back，I realize that the hurricane 13 unexpected benefit.It brought us closer to our neighbors and 14 our lives in ways we never could have imagined.Sometimes，it takes a(n) 15 to bring out the best in people. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的家被飓风摧毁，而之前并不熟悉的邻居向作者一家伸出了援手，社区也团结在了一起。作者感悟到一场灾难能激发出人们最好的一面。 1．A.look after B．worry about C．dream of D．deal with 答案　A 解析　根据上文中的“a garden”可知，此处指打理花园，应用look after。故选A。 2．A.visited B．skipped C．approached D．swept 答案　D 解析　根据后文“Our kitchen was destroyed，and our clean and comfortable home was in ruins.”可知，一场飓风席卷了作者的社区。故选D。 3．A.invisible B．unexpected C．impossible D．unlucky 答案　B 解析　结合本段最后一句和最后一段提到的“Looking back，I realize that the hurricane unexpected benefit.”可知，几乎没怎么说过话的邻居一家来帮助作者他们，所以这是意想不到的事情。故选B。 4．A.mind B．knowledge C．aid D．sense 答案　C 解析　根据后文“They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.”可知，邻居帮助了作者一家，come to one’s aid表示“帮助某人”。故选C。 5．A.belief B．request C．wealth D．kindness 答案　D 解析　根据上文“They helped clear broken pieces and offered us a place to stay.”可知，邻居帮助了作者一家，所以说他们十分善良。故选D。 6．A.really B．carefully C．naturally D．clearly 答案　A 解析　后文but表示转折，说明此前从未和他们真正交谈过，故选A。 7．A.sold B．rented C．showed D．opened 答案　D 解析　结合上文“offered us a place to stay”可知，此处指邻居为作者一家敞开大门。故选D。 8．A.business B．project C．tradition D．life 答案　C 解析　根据后文“of having weekend dinner together”可知，此处指飓风发生后大家会在周末一起吃晚饭，这成了一个新传统。故选C。 9．A.reunions B．gatherings C．journeys D．memories 答案　B 解析　根据上文“having weekend dinner together”以及“We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us”可知，作者他们邀请了附近的其他家庭一起吃晚饭，所以指聚会充满了笑声和美味的食物。故选B。 10．A.family B．volunteers C．community D．supporters 答案　C 解析　根据上文邻居帮助作者一家以及“We invited other families from the neighborhood to join us”可知，此处指邻里之间因为灾难团结在一起。故选C。 11．A.soon B．never C．already D．also 答案　B 解析　根据后文“But she quickly became my friend.”可知，此处与下文是转折关系，故指飓风之前作者不认识Rosica。故选B。 12．A.fortune-telling B．story-telling C．mind reading D．housekeeping 答案　B 解析　根据后文“and our evenings together were filled with adventure and laughter”可知，Rosica有讲故事的天赋，让他们在一起的夜晚充满了冒险和笑声。故选B。 13．A.brought about B．resulted from C．made up for D．got away with 答案　A 解析　根据后文“unexpected benefit”可知，此处指飓风带来了意想不到的好处。故选A。 14．A.saved B．controlled C．enriched D．recorded 答案　C 解析　根据上文内容可知，飓风过后邻里之间周末一起吃晚饭，作者还结交了新朋友，社区充满了欢声笑语，故此处指飓风丰富了大家的生活。故选C。 15．A.instant B．effort C．party D．disaster 答案　D 解析　飓风之后社区团结在一起，所以是一场灾难激发出了人们最好的一面。故选D。 Ⅵ.语法填空 On February 16,1861，a big earthquake struck Sumatra，an Indonesian island.The earthquake shook the western side of the island,1. (cause) a tsunami(海啸)．That wall of water poured onto shore，destroying towns and taking thousands of 2. (life)． Recently，though，a team of scientists discovered that another earthquake 3. (occur) before this deadly event.According to the record，that earthquake started in 1829 and lasted for 32 years but no one felt even one shake.This kind of slow-moving earthquake 4. (call) “silent earthquakes” because no instrument can find them.Scientists have only begun discovering them because 5. the advances in GPS technology in the last twenty years. 6． (figure) out what is going on under the ground，scientists need to study earthquakes.Every earthquake，either small 7. big，can teach scientists something about how much the ground will shake in the future.Unluckily，no one can predict(预测) when an earthquake will hit.Scientists just have to prepare to study all earthquakes 8. strike. But silent earthquakes like the one in Sumatra change the game for scientists.These silent earthquakes happen all over the world.Sometimes，a silent earthquake happens just before a regular one，both of which might be 9. (relate)．By studying silent earthquakes，scientists hope to better understand regular earthquakes and 10. (possible) predict them. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无声地震是什么样的地震以及科学家为预测这种地震所做的研究。 1．答案　causing 解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已经有谓语shook，空处应用现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果，故填causing。 2．答案　lives 解析　考查名词复数。由thousands of 可知，空处名词应用复数形式，故填lives。 3．答案　had occurred 解析　考查时态。由时间状语before this deadly event，结合这次地震发生时间为1861年可知，句子描述过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故填had occurred。 4．答案　is called 解析　考查动词的时态、语态以及主谓一致。空处在主句中作谓语，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语和动词call之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是单数，故填is called。 5．答案　of 解析　考查介词。because of是固定搭配，意为“因为”，是介词短语，后面接名词，代词或动名词，该空后是名词短语，故填of。 6．答案　To figure 解析　考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作状语，表示目的，且动词figure和主语scientists是主动关系，应用动词不定式作状语，空处位于句首，首字母应大写，故填To figure。 7．答案　or 解析　考查固定搭配。either...or...是固定搭配，意为“或者……或者……”，故填or。 8．答案　that 解析　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为earthquakes，指物，在定语从句中作主语，且先行词前由all来修饰，只能用关系代词that来引导定语从句，故填that。 9．答案　related 解析　考查形容词。空处句意为“两种地震是相关联的”，故填related。 10．答案　possibly 解析　考查副词。动词predict应用副词来修饰，故填possibly。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$