Unit 2 Period 2 Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

The UN-bringing everyone closer together I am pleased to have this chance today to talk to you about the United Nations, or the UN, as it is more often referred to. The UN is an international organization made up of countries that want to promote world peace. I am very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them. Being a Goodwill Ambassador means that I visit countries where the UN operates1 programmes to help people. I feel very honoured to have been able to take on this role. Now let me tell you about the work I have been doing with them. My job with the UN is not paid but voluntary2, and as I said before, I visit countries where the UN has programmes to help people. So, how do I help by visiting these countries? Well, if I visit these countries, the television and press3 will follow and record my visits. This will increase people’s knowledge of the work of the UN. In addition, my visits will encourage people working on the projects and draw local people’s attention to the situation. I have visited many countries in Africa. Recently, I was fortunate4 enough to travel to South Africa, where I met some women who have organized themselves into a group. They collect approximately 1. 35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money contributed by the government. With this, the women have enough money to acquire materials to make baskets. They then sell these at the market for a profit5. With luck their group will be able to expand and maybe set up a shop. Such programmes can transform6 people’s lives by giving them the ability to provide for themselves and their families. There are lots of worthwhile programmes like this under the umbrella of the UN that have helped millions of people across the world. Apart from the urgent problems caused by wars and conflicts, the UN helps countries with other problems such as lack of education, starvation, disasters, AIDS and other diseases. With the work of the UN the world has been brought closer together. (节选自译林版旧教材选修6 Unit 4) 词汇积累 1．operate /'ɒpəreɪt/ v．操作；运行 2．voluntary /'vɒləntri/ adj.志愿的；自愿的 3．press /pres/ n．媒体；新闻界 4．fortunate /'fɔːtʃənət/ adj.幸运的 5．profit /'prɒfɪt/ n．利润；利益 6．transform /træns'fɔːm/ v．改变 Period 2　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．contribution　 A．to provide money for sth，usually sth official 2．relief B．(the ability to have) a clear，deep，and sometimes sudden understanding of a complicated problem or situation 3．effective C．to receive money as payment for work that you do 4．fund D．producing the result that is wanted or intended；producing a successful result 5．recycle E．an action or a service that helps to cause or increase sth 6．earn F．to give money or goods to help a person or organization 7．donate G．to use something again for a different purpose 8．insight H．a feeling of happiness that something unpleasant has not happened or has ended 答案　1.E　2.H　3.D　4.A　5.G　6.C　7.F　8.B Ⅱ.选词填空 1．Much to our relief，regulars at the local bar have set up a fund to help out. 2．The key point is that you have to look across the whole of the solution before making the final decision. 3．After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，which turned out to be a wise decision. 4．Whether each of us can fully pull our weight indeed makes a difference to the project’s success. 5．He is intelligent enough to make his dream a reality but he needs to understand hard work is also part of it. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．The friendship between Ryan and African children. B．Ryan tried his best to build a well in Africa. C．Ryan helped African children to recycle waste water. D．The well built by Ryan changed the world. 答案　B Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　　　 A．Ryan was inspired and decided to help. Para.2 B．Ryan got help and realized his dream at last. Para.3 C．Ryan got more support and helped more people. Para.4 D．Ryan visited the well in Uganda he donated. Para.5 E．The kind attitude changed Ryan’s whole life. Para.6 F．Ryan’s first try ended up in failure. 答案　Para.1 A　Para.2 F　Para.3 B　Para.4 D　Para.5 C　Para.6 E Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Para.1 and do the following exercises. 1．What inspired Ryan to help? A．His teacher’s introduction. B．The dirty water he found. C．The ten-kilometre distance. D．The drinking fountain in his school. 答案　A 2．Knowing that many people in African countries couldn’t get enough clean water，Ryan was . A．happy and worried B．surprised and concerned C．excited and curious D．angry and disappointed 答案　B Ⅱ.Read Paras.2－3 and do the following exercises. 1．How much does it cost to build a well? A．70 dollars. B．2,000 dollars. C．800,000 dollars. D．1,300 dollars. 答案　B 2．How did Ryan raise more dollars? A．By cleaning windows and doing gardening. B．By persuading his classmates and neighbours to donate money. C．By making his story go public. D．By encouraging people to help. 答案　B 3．Which is the direct result of Ryan’s effort? A．Getting more clean water. B．Setting up a foundation. C．Building a new well. D．Making him go public. 答案　C Ⅲ.Read Para.4 and do the following exercise. How did the children in Uganda welcome Ryan? A．By inviting him to visit. B．By singing，dancing and offering him food and gifts. C．By giving him joyful smiles. D．By being grateful to him. 答案　B Ⅳ.Read Para.5 and do the following exercises. 1．Ryan set up a foundation to . A．inspire people to give him their support B．encourage more people to help C．build more wells D．make his dream a reality 答案　B 2．What is NOT the influence of Ryan’s foundation? A．It encouraged more people to help. B．Over 800,000 people in Africa have had clean water. C．More wells will be built. D．All the Africans can drink clean water now. 答案　D Ⅴ.Read Para.6 and finish the task. Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”，but “How can I help today？”．From the change，we can see the personal growth of a boy. Ⅵ.Read the whole passage carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Which of the following can be used to describe Ryan? A．Helpful and determined. B．Joyful and warm-hearted. C．Hard-working and grateful. D．Delighted and generous. 答案　A 2．Which of the following statements is the best explanation of the title? A．Ryan was determined to give up his plan to build a well in Africa. B．The well built by Ryan solved the problem of worldwide water shortage. C．The more wells you dig，the better the world will be. D．The well built by Ryan encouraged more people to help make the world a better place. 答案　D Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．What kind of person do you think Ryan is？Which of his qualities do you admire most？Why？(Critical thinking) 2．As a senior high school student，what can you do to help people in need？(Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 Ryan，a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，had trouble 1.believing(believe) many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.He decided to help them.At first，his plan was 2.to earn(earn) money to build a well somewhere in Africa.He earned $70 by working for his family and neighbours.However，when he gave the money to a charity，he 3.was told(tell) that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well.Ryan didn’t give up 4.but started to persuade his classmates and neighbours to donate money. After several months，Ryan had raised the $2,000，with 5.which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.The children were grateful to him and invited him to visit.In Uganda，when Ryan saw the 6.finished(finish) well and the delighted students，he broke into 7.a joyful smile.Later，Ryan set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.The six-year-old boy 8.eventually(eventual) made his dream a 9.reality(real)．Today，over 800,000 people in 16 10.countries(country) across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean，safe water. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。have trouble (in) doing sth意为“做某事有困难”；句中spoken by his teacher为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰words；that引导同位语从句，对名词words起到解释说明的作用。 [自主翻译]　年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。 2．He soon reached his first target of $70，but when he gave the money to a charity，he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well. [句式分析]　此句为but连接的并列复合句。but前面是一个主谓宾结构的分句，后面的分句是一个主从复合句，when引导时间状语从句，he was told that中的that引导宾语从句。 [自主翻译]　瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是2 000美元。 3．After several months，Ryan had raised the $2,000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。with which...为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，which代指前面的先行词 the $2,000。 [自主翻译]　几个月后，他筹到了2 000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A If you’re still confused about which are the best charities to donate to，then continue reading further.These charities have a respectable track record，meaning you can be assured that the money you donate is used for the cause that you support. United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF) It is a branch that operates under the United Nations.UNICEF is engaged in various charitable activities around the world.They fund educational programs for children in remote areas of poor countries，provide meals and health care services，and help prevent child abuse while assisting kids in conflict and disaster zones. World Wildlife Fund(WWF) If you’re a wildlife lover and would like to prevent extinction of rare animal species while helping conservation of precious plants and animals，donate to WWF.In fact，WWF has various creative ways to donate.You can “adopt” an endangered elephant or tiger or another animal that WWF is trying to prevent from extinction.Or you can donate a small amount of money every month or annually to WWF. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees(UNHCR) Anyone who watches or reads news is aware of countless conflicts going on around the world and a large number of refugees.Generally，these refugees are children，women and men who are living in areas now infested with terrorists or trapped in wars.You can help relieve some of the sufferings of these persons by donating to UNHCR.They help refugees by providing food，clothing，shelter，health care and other basic necessities. World Food Programme(WFP) WFP is a global charity that operates under the United Nations.Every day，WFP delivers food to famine-stricken areas in over 80 countries.They have 5,600 trucks,30 ships and 92 planes that deliver the food they buy with your donations to hungry people in these countries. 1．What do we know about the WWF? A．It provides only one way for you to make a donation. B．It will instruct you to raise endangered species at home. C．It will use your donations to help endangered species survive. D．It encourages wildlife lovers to adopt wildlife by themselves. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，世界自然基金会将用你的捐款来帮助濒危物种生存。故选C。 2．What do UNICEF and WFP have in common? A．They help prevent child abuse in poor countries. B．They are both in the charge of the United Nations. C．They provide health care services in conflict zones. D．They deliver food and gifts to disaster-stricken areas. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“It is a branch that operates under the United Nations.”以及最后一段中“WFP is a global charity that operates under the United Nations.”可知，联合国儿童基金会和世界粮食计划署的共同点是它们都由联合国负责。故选B。 3．Which of the following helps women in wars? A．UNICEF. B．WWF. C．UNHCR. D．WFP. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Generally，these refugees are children，women and men who are living in areas now infested with terrorists or trapped in wars.”可知，联合国难民事务高级专员公署对战争中的妇女有帮助。故选C。 B Most recently，Zhang Chaofan has been honored as a national ethical role model at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Over the past six years，Zhang has donated 1.35 million yuan and raised 5.2 million yuan from the public to help more than 400 people with health problems—including teachers with severe cancer，disabled children and autistic(自闭症的) children in poor families—learn traditional Chinese culture. She has also made more than 700 public welfare speeches at universities and in poor mountain areas，teaching people how to gain self-esteem，confidence，self-reliance and self-improvement. The young girl was born without a left forearm in Changchun，Jilin Province，but her constant drive to become stronger has inspired many people. In 2015，Zhang rejected an offer of postgraduate study from a famous university and set up a calligraphy and painting school in Changchun.When she found that some parents were unable to afford their children’s education fees，she made the lessons free and began providing 300,000 yuan annually to help them through her foundation. “I think it’s important for teenagers to receive quality education because they are the future of the country，” she said.“I will make great efforts to help them get equal opportunities to pursue their dreams and inspire them to do their best.” In early 2020，her school stopped all courses for some reasons，but she didn’t stop her public welfare activities.She raised materials and donations worth more than 8 million yuan.Then she sent masks，protective suits，and daily necessities to medical workers. “Women in the new era should have the courage to create value and also have a sense of social responsibility，” she said.“It is my great honor to be elected as a role model.This will become a driving force for me to forge ahead and pass on the seeds of public welfare through even greater efforts.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了道德模范张超凡通过提供大量物资和捐款、发表公益演讲帮助有健康问题的人们获得教育机会并激励他们自强、自信的事迹。 4．What do we know about Zhang Chaofan? A．She donated all her money to help people in difficulty. B．She will be elected as a national ethical role model in Beijing. C．She made many public speeches at universities in poor mountain areas. D．She provided many free lessons for the children who couldn’t afford them. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“When she found that some parents were unable to afford their children’s education fees，she made the lessons free and began providing 300,000 yuan annually to help them through her foundation.”可知，她为负担不起学费的孩子们提供了免费课程。故选D。 5．According to the passage，which words can best describe Zhang Chaofan? A．Enthusiastic and entertaining. B．Devoted and responsible. C．Capable and creative. D．Professional and talented. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。通读全文，根据第二段和最后一段中的“‘Women in the new era should have the courage to create value and also have a sense of social responsibility，’ she said.”可知，张超凡既有奉献精神又有责任心。故选B。 6．What will Zhang Chaofan do in the future according to the last paragraph? A．She will teach girls to win more prizes through her courses. B．She will influence many girls like her to be painters and calligraphers. C．She will continue her career and spread her public welfare activities. D．She will encourage women in the new era to be courageous and sociable. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可推知，她将会继续她的事业，传播她的公益活动。故选C。 7．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Only the strong-willed girl can reach her goals. B．Disability and experience made the girl strong. C．A girl with the broken wing followed her dream bravely. D．Kindness and generosity helped the girl be well-known. 答案　C 解析　主旨大意题。文章讲述了一个出生时没有左前臂的女孩不断变得强大，并尽自身最大努力去帮助有健康问题的人们，并将会一直继续她的公益事业，这也是她的梦想，C项“一个翅膀断了的女孩勇敢地追寻她的梦想”符合文意。故选C。 C Ekaterina Sky is a wildlife conservation artist.She began her art journey at the School of Fine Arts in Yaroslavl，Russia.There，she completed a fine arts program，which gave her the background she needed to become a conservation artist.She also received a scholarship to the Art School of Museum of Tel-Aviv.There，she expanded upon her knowledge and skills，learning to create her own unique style.She combined her love for animals and art to create the works we see today. Ekaterina painted pictures at wildlife reserves and rescue centers，in high schools and in visitors’ centers.She painted a piece for the Burning Man festival，choosing to paint the eyes of primates(灵长类动物) since they are closely related to humans.This piece gave her the confidence to start a world tour，as she had never painted a picture that size before. Ekaterina went on a tour to different countries worldwide，painting pictures of various endangered species.She hoped that her paintings would encourage viewers to look deeply into their own lifestyles and question how they might harm animals.She said，“We all can make a difference if we look at ourselves as a small piece of a greater whole.” With each picture，she made the audience look directly into the animals’ eyes.She painted pictures to encourage people to show more compassion and care to animals and raise awareness of the importance of efforts in wildlife conservation.“As I believe，we connect through our eyes，which are windows into our soul，and I believe that when we get to meet someone’s soul，we don’t have a heart to hurt them，” she said. 8．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us about Ekaterina Sky? A．Her art works. B．Her unique drawing skills. C．Her love for animals. D．Her road to a conservation artist. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段主要介绍了叶卡捷琳娜•斯基是如何开始自己的野生动物保护艺术家之路的。故选D。 9．Why does Ekaterina Sky paint primates’ eyes for the Burning Man festival? A．The painting gave her confidence. B．Primates are closely related to humans. C．She’d like to make more money. D．She wanted to expand on her skills. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“She painted a piece for the Burning Man festival，choosing to paint the eyes of primates(灵长类动物) since they are closely related to humans.”可知，叶卡捷琳娜•斯基在火人节上画灵长类动物的眼睛是因为灵长类动物与人类关系密切。故选B。 10．What does the underlined word “compassion” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Pity. B．Blame. C．Motivation. D．Gratefulness. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“and care to animals and raise awareness of the importance of efforts in wildlife conservation”中的and可知，compassion和care意思相近，表示要同情并且关爱动物。故画线词compassion意为“同情，怜悯”，与pity同义。故选A。 11．What are Ekaterina Sky’s art works intended for? A．Reducing garbage thrown by tourists. B．Introducing various animals worldwide. C．Drawing attention to endangered animals. D．Advertising the school she graduated from. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段前两句以及最后一段第二句可推知，叶卡捷琳娜•斯基的艺术作品旨在引起人们对濒危动物的关注。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·广东江门高一期中) Volunteering is a great benefit to the community.Many non-profit organizations couldn’t survive without volunteers.However，you may not realize how much it also benefits your career. •Volunteer in different areas. You may be likely to just volunteer at one place，and that can be fine. 1 Doing so can help you explore what you’d like to do later in life if you’re younger or even choose a different career if you’re a little bit older. •Use it to build skills. Volunteering is the perfect opportunity to build your own skill set. 2 You’re basically working a job，and through that job，you gain experience that you can pass on to your work life. •Network while you volunteer. Another way to help work on your career is to use volunteering to help network.Really，you don’t have to go out of your way to network. 3 All networking is making a connection with other people that you and they can rely on later，and volunteering can help you do that. •　4　 Studies have shown that people who volunteer are more likely to be hired than people who don’t volunteer.In fact，you have about a 25 percent higher chance of being hired if you volunteer than if you don’t.If you don’t have a high school diploma(毕业文凭)，that number increases to a 50 percent higher chance. •Put your volunteer experience on your college application. If you’re still in high school，volunteering looks great on a college application.It shows leadership，initiative(主动性)，and commitment，all things colleges love. 5 A．Help you find a good job. B．Increase your chances of being hired. C．Stop waiting to volunteer until you have more time. D．Just be sure to include it on your application when you apply. E．While you are giving your time，you’re also learning new things. F．Just talk to people while you’re volunteering and get to know them. G．However，volunteering at different places will expose you to different fields. 1．答案　G 解析　G选项“然而，在不同的地方做志愿者会让你接触不同的领域”呼应该段小标题“Volunteer in different areas.”，与上文“You may be likely to just volunteer at one place，and that can be fine.”形成转折关系并引出下文讲在不同地方做志愿者让你接触不同领域、有利于你职业规划的好处，故选G。 2．答案　E 解析　由小标题“Use it to build skills.”和上文“Volunteering is the perfect opportunity to build your own skill set.”可知，E选项“在你付出时间的同时，你也在学习新东西”承接上文，且和小标题呼应，故选E。 3．答案　F 解析　由上文“Really，you don’t have to go out of your way to network.”可知，你不必特意去建立人际网，通过交流也可建立社交，F选项“当你做志愿者的时候，只需要和别人交谈，了解他们”切题，故选F。 4．答案　B 解析　由下文内容可知，该段主要讲做志愿者的人比不做志愿者的人更容易被录用。B选项“增加你被录用的机会”能概括该段的主旨，适合作小标题，故选B。 5．答案　D 解析　由小标题“Put your volunteer experience on your college application.”和上文“If you’re still in high school，volunteering looks great on a college application.It shows leadership，initiative(主动性)，and commitment，all things colleges love.”可知，作者建议把志愿者经历写在你的大学申请表上，D选项“只要确保在申请时将其包含在申请表中即可”中的“on your application”和小标题呼应，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$