Unit 2 Period 4 Discovering Useful Structures（课件）-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

Period 4 Discovering Useful Structures—The -ing form as the object complement and the adverbial Unit 2 Morals and virtues 语法感悟 语法精讲 达标检测 语法 感悟 3 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并完成下面的练习 Mary Smith looked at the beautiful ripe plums(梅子).They would make lovely jam.When she had finished the cooking，she filled all her empty jam jars，①leaving the rest of the jam in the pan.She would put it in the fridge when it was cooler.But just then the telephone rang. ②Having learned that her mother was in hospital after a car accident，Mary picked up her bag and ran out of the house. Some days later，her husband，John，came home from a business trip.He had been travelling all day and felt like having a drink and a piece of cake.③Entering the kitchen，he saw a pan with a dark red mess inside it.He lifted it up and smelled it.It smelled bad.④Thinking Mary must have forgotten to clean this pan，he poured all the jam into the chicken yard and cleaned the pan.Then ⑤feeling comfortable，he began to eat a piece of cake. When Mary returned，she noticed the chickens ⑥behaving strangely.They were running round the yard as if they were sick.She saw the dark red mess on the ground and went closer.⑦Seeing a plum stone，she went into the kitchen.Her husband was at the table ⑧reading a newspaper.Angrily，Mary rushed up to him shouting, “You threw away my jam！” Her husband said，“I’m sorry but I thought it was porridge having gone bad in the hot weather.” 1.加颜色部分在句子中作状语的是句 ，现在分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的 ，其中句②中的Having learned...作状语表示其动作先于主句动作 发生。 2.加颜色部分在句子中作宾语补足语的是句 。 ①②③④⑤⑦⑧ 主语 自主发现 picked up 返 回 ⑥ 语法 精讲 8 一、动词-ing形式作宾补 动词-ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后，补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 When we returned to the school，we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时，我们发现一个陌生人站在大门口。 1.动词-ing形式在感官动词后作宾补。 在see，hear，feel，watch，notice等感官动词后，表示一个正在进行的主动的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。 I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. 我感觉到有人在拍我的肩膀。 In the crowded cafe，I heard a friendly voice saying，“You can share my table.” 在这间拥挤的咖啡馆，我听到一声友好的问候：“你可以和我坐在一桌。” 疑难点津　(1)当动词-ing形式与句子的宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，则用其被动式“being done”。 I saw her being questioned by the police. 我看到她正在被警察盘问。 (2)see，hear，feel，watch等动词之后用-ing形式和省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。 We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher doing the experiment. 我们经过教室，看见老师正在做实验。(只在经过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验) We sat for an hour and watched the teacher do the experiment. 我们坐了一个小时，看着老师做实验。(一个小时之内一直在看老师做实验，指全过程) 2.动词-ing形式在使役动词后作宾补。 使役动词接动词-ing形式作宾补，表示“让……一直做某事”；常见的使役动词有have，keep，get，leave等。 It’s cold.We should have the fire burning all the time. 天气冷。我们本应该让火一直燃烧着。 I won’t have you running about in the room. 我不允许你一直在房间里跑来跑去。 疑难点津　如果作宾补的动词与宾语为被动关系，则用过去分词形式。 We should keep him informed of what is going on here. 我们应该让他随时了解这里发生了什么。 3.动词-ing形式在with复合结构中的用法。 在with复合结构中，动词-ing形式充当宾语补足语，表示动作“正在进行”且与宾语为主动关系。 She threw the tortoise into the river with tears filling her eyes. 她把那只乌龟扔进了河里，眼里满是泪水。 疑难点津　在with复合结构中，也可以使用不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语。 All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.(表示“状态”) 整个下午他都锁着门工作。 I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.(表示事情还未做) 有这些衣服要洗，我不能出去了。 二、动词-ing形式作状语 动词-ing形式作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。 1.时间状语 动词-ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when，while，after等引出。 Hearing these stories(＝When I hear these stories)，I’m skeptical about the place. 听到这些叙述，我对这个地方产生了怀疑。 2.原因状语 可以与as，since，because等引导的原因状语从句转换。 Being so excited(＝As he was so excited)，he couldn’t go to sleep that night. 由于非常激动，那晚他无法入睡。 3.条件状语 可以与if，unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。 Working hard at your lessons(＝If you work hard at your lessons)，you will succeed. 如果你努力学习，你会成功的。 Not taking advantage of the time(＝If you don’t take advantage of the time)，you’ll regret. 如果不好好利用时间，你会后悔的。 4.让步状语 可以与although/though引导的让步状语从句转换。 Knowing all this(＝Although/Though they knew all this)，they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。 5.结果状语 表示必然的结果，它常常位于句末，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句。 His father died，leaving him a lot of money(＝and left him a lot of money/which left him a lot of money). 他父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。 注意：不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，常用only to do结构，其被动形式为only to be done。 I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday. 我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。 6.方式或伴随状语 不可以转换成从句，但可以转换成并列句。 The girls came into the classroom，singing and dancing(＝and they sang and danced). 女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。 He lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time(＝and stared at the sky for a long time). 他躺在草地上，盯着天空看了很久。 疑难点津　(1)当动词-ing形式的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用动词-ing形式的完成式，若动词与句子主语为主动关系，则用having done；若动词与句子主语为被动关系，则用“having＋been＋done”形式。 Having finished the letter，he went to post it. 他写完信后就去邮寄了。(Having finished 是先发生的，went是后发生的) Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.(动词-ing形式的被动式) 被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。 (2)动词-ed形式也可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等，与句子的主语构成动宾关系。 Generally speaking，if taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effect. 一般来说，如果按照说明书服用，这种药没有副作用。 (3)动词-ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。 The last bus having gone，we had to walk home. 末班车已经开走了，我们不得不走回家。(having gone的逻辑主语是The last bus，而不是we) 返 回 达标检测 完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用本单元的语法 在我们住在他们家之后，一个美好的传统开始了。每年，随着龙卷风周年纪念日的临近，我们的家人都会聚在一起吃饭。分享那个决定命运的日子的故事以及它是如何让我们走到一起的，我们感到更加幸运。我们庆祝我们社区的力量，我们感谢向我们展示的善意和怜悯。弗洛雷斯一家不仅仅是邻居，他们成了我们亲爱的朋友。学会了慷慨和无私的真谛，我们会永远珍惜我们在他们家度过的时光。 ，a beautiful tradition began. Every year，with the anniversary of the tornado ，our families will gather together for a meal. _____________________________ ，we feel much more fortunate.We celebrate the strength of our community，and we give thanks for the kindness and pity that was shown to us.The Flores family became more than just neighbors，they became our dear friends. __________________ ，we will always cherish the memories of our time spent in their home. Following our stay in their home drawing near Sharing stories of that fateful day and how it brought us together 返 回 Learning the true meaning of generosity and selflessness $$