Unit 2 Period 2 Reading and Thinking—Reading Comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（人教版2019）

Period 2　Reading and Thinking—Reading Comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．precious　　 A．to choose sb for a job or position of responsibility 2．entrust B．rare and worth of a lot of money；valuable or important and not to be wasted 3．tuition C．to make sb responsible for doing sth or taking care of sb 4．appoint D．to stop doing your job，especially because you have reached a particular age or because you are ill/sick 5．tend E．the act of teaching sth，especially to one person or to people in small groups 6．retire F．to be likely to do sth or to happen in a particular way because this is what often or usually happens 答案　1.B　2.C　3.E　4.A　5.F　6.D Ⅱ.选词填空 1．Police say they’re treating it as a case of attempted murder. 2．My teacher’s help carried me through those hard days in senior high school. 3．Dr Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the Wenhai Scholarship. 4．Shirley Chisholm is known as the first black woman elected to the United States Congress. 5．We should be responsible for the work and keep teamwork spirit in mind. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.悉层次结构 Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　 A．Summary of Dr Lin’s life and achievement. Para.2 B．The role Lin played in new China. Para.3 C．Dr Lin opened a private clinic to help the people. Para.4 D．Dr Lin’s learning experience. Para.5 E．Lead in the passage using Dr Lin’s words. Para.6 F．Dr Lin chose to study medicine. 答案　Para.1 E　Para.2 F　Para.3 D　Para.4 C　Para.5 B　Para.6 A Ⅱ.明文章大意 What does the text mainly tell us? A．It’s mainly about Chinese medical industry. B．Dr Lin’s mother complained about her learning medicine. C．Dr Lin opened her own clinic. D．Dr Lin made great contributions to Chinese medical industry. 答案　D Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercises. 1. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? A．By making comparisons. B．By quotation(引用)． C．By giving examples. D．By listing numbers. 答案　B 2. Find out the topic sentence of the text. These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman，and what carried her through a life of hard choices. Ⅱ.Read Paras.2－5 carefully and do the following exercises. 1. What kind of attitude does her brother hold to her education? A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Supportive. D．Positive. 答案　A 2．Why did Lin reject her American colleagues’ offer? A．She wanted to further her study in Europe. B．She wanted to be a chief resident physician. C．She wanted to work for her motherland. D．She wanted to be paid more at home. 答案　C 3．What did Lin Qiaozhi do after OB-GYN department was closed? A．She went to work in another hospital. B．She began to work for the government. C．She requested to hold an important position. D．She started her own clinic. 答案　D 4. What figure of speech (修辞手法) does the author use in the sentence: “The new People’s Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.”？ A．Metaphor(比喻)． B．Repetition(重复)． C．Parallelism(排比)． D．Personification(拟人)． 答案　D Ⅲ.Read Para.6 carefully and do the following exercises. 1. Why was Dr Lin called “mother of ten thousand babies”？ Because she delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. 2．How did she deal with her savings? She left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. Ⅳ.Read the passage again and do the following exercises. 1．How is the passage developed? A．By following time order. B．By following space order. C．By comparing facts. D．By listing numbers. 答案　A 2．What can we infer from the text? A．Lin is the most devoted doctor in China. B．Lin still worked hard after retirement. C．Lin thought of others all her life. D．Lin was more interested in political affairs. 答案　C 3．Which is the correct order of the events in Dr Lin’s life? ①Her mother died. ②She was sent to Europe to study. ③She was elected to the first National People’s Congress. ④She was named a chief resident physician. ⑤She opened a private clinic. A．①③②④⑤ B．①④②⑤③ C．②①④③⑤ D．④②③①⑤ 答案　B 4．Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin? A．Warm-hearted and careful. B．Positive and confident. C．Devoted and thankful. D．Hard-working and selfless. 答案　D 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To prove a point. B．To describe a job. C．To introduce a person. D．To provide an idea. 答案　C Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．What carried Dr Lin through a life of hard choices and led to her great achievements？(Critical thinking) 2. If you have a chance to interview Lin Qiaozhi who got the Touching China Award，what questions would you like to ask her? If you were Lin Qiaozhi，how would you answer the questions? (Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 Known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，Lin Qiaozhi，a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital,1.delivered(deliver) over 50,000 babies in her career，though she didn’t marry or have any children. When she was five years old，her mother’s death affected her 2.deeply(deep)．At the age of 18，she chose to study medicine instead of getting married like the majority of 3.girls(girl)．After graduating from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC)，she became the first woman 4.to be hired(hire) as a resident physician in the PUMC Hospital.5.Having worked(work) for a few years，she went abroad for 6.further(far) education.Although she had the chance to work abroad，she returned to China.In 1941，she became the first Chinese woman as director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.A few months later,7.when the war broke out，the department was closed.Thinking of all the people 8.in need of help，Dr Lin set up a private clinic where she lowered the fees for poor patients.Sometimes she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. After the founding of the new People’s Republic of China，Lin Qiaozhi 9.was appointed(appoint) to many important positions，but she was interested in caring for patients and doing medical research.After she passed away，Dr Lin left her savings to a kindergarten and 10.a fund for new doctors. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．To a person nothing is more precious than their life，and if they entrust me with that life，how could I refuse that trust，saying I’m cold，hungry，or tired? [句式分析]　此句是由and连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中包含“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义的用法；在第二个分句中，if引导的是条件状语从句，how could I refuse that trust 为主句，saying...为现在分词作伴随状语。 [自主翻译]　对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。如果人们把生命托付给我，我怎么能说自己冷、自己饿、自己累，而拒绝这份信任呢？ 2．“...Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained，thinking of the high tuition fees. [句式分析]　此句直接引语中的Finding a good husband为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词为should be；thinking of...是现在分词短语作原因状语。 [自主翻译]　“……找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。 3．Within six months，she was named a chief resident physician，a position that usually took four years to achieve. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。a chief resident physician和a position为同位语关系，that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，不能省略。 [自主翻译]　不到六个月，她就成了住院主任医师，而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。 4．Though Lin Qiaozhi never married，she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”，having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。Though引导让步状语从句；having delivered...为现在分词的完成式，在句中作原因状语。 [自主翻译]　虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A After a long day at work，Yuan Hui，a volunteer teacher in a village in Enshi，Hubei Province，decided to stay back in the office until late.This is the 10th year of his volunteer teaching career in the countryside. Located deep in the mountains，the village was struck by poverty.Despite all challenges，Yuan believes that it was a precious experience growing up among his students.“I did not come here on a whim.I love teaching from the bottom of my heart，” says Yuan，who teaches a variety of courses，including history，geography and music，in different primary and middle schools in Enshi. “Since I was a high school student，I’ve dreamed of being a volunteer teacher.Different from the traditional teaching style，I feel there is another way，and I hope to have the opportunity to put my ideas into practice，” he says，adding that his teaching may have a greater impact on students living in mountain villages with limited education resources.“Spreading joy and knowledge among others makes me feel satisfied.Living in the woods，I seemed to have reached a deep understanding with nature，and discovered the truth of life，” he says. When Yuan first started teaching，he visited every student’s family on weekends.“Most of them were left-behind children，and some were from single-parent families，” says Yuan.He decided to help the children with their studies by developing good habits.“In such cases，it’s important to help them build up their confidence，” says Yuan.To achieve that goal，Yuan designed a lot of activity-based courses，encouraging children to express themselves more confidently.Yuan’s unique teaching methods became more popular in the county，and other schools invited him to deliver lectures.“I think I’m living a happy life，” he said in one of his lectures. Over the past years，Yuan has won many national honors.“I think they are a result of my devotion.Only through devotion can one possess inner peace and joy，” he says. 1．What does the underlined part “on a whim” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Out of kindness. B．On purpose. C．Due to a sudden wish. D．Without hesitation. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“I love teaching from the bottom of my heart”以及第三段第一句可知，袁辉一直真心喜欢教书，所以“不是一时心血来潮来到这里的”。故选C。 2．What can we learn about Yuan Hui from the passage? A．He was unsatisfied with the living conditions in Enshi. B．Volunteering in the village brought him mental satisfaction. C．His students were left-behind children from single-parent families. D．His dream of being a volunteer teacher started after he finished high school. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，传播快乐与知识让袁辉感到满足；在山村里的生活让他对自然有了更深刻的认识，同时也发现了生活的真谛。故选B。 3．Why did Yuan design a lot of activity-based courses? A．To make his teaching easy. B．To make himself popular. C．To make his students confident. D．To make his life colorful. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“‘In such cases，it’s important to help them build up their confidence，’ says Yuan.To achieve that goal，Yuan designed a lot of activity-based courses，encouraging children to express themselves more confidently.”可知，袁辉设计大量的活动型课程是为了帮他的学生建立自信。故选C。 4．Which of the following can best describe Yuan Hui? A．Devoted and creative. B．Energetic and strict. C．Strange and smart. D．Mild and inflexible. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一句中袁辉强调奉献以及倒数第二段中他设计出许多独特的课程可推知，袁辉有奉献精神、有创造力。故选A。 B Does adversity(逆境) warm hearts or harden them? Recently，my graduate student Daniel and I set out to explore the relationship between adversity and pity. We conducted a study online and reached more than 200 people from all walks of life.After asking them about the hardships they faced and how often they experienced pity，we offered them the chance to donate some of the money they were about to be paid for taking part in the study to help people in need.The result showed that those who had faced serious adversities in life felt more pity for suffering people.And as a result，they donated more money. Now，if experiencing any type of hardship can make a person more compassionate(同情的)，you might think that the pity would be reached when someone has experienced the exact misfortune that another person is facing.Interestingly，this turns out to be dead wrong. In an article recently published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，the Kellogg School of Management professor Loran Nordgren and his team found that the human mind refuses to work as usual when it comes to remembering its own past hardships: it regularly makes them appear to be less painful than they actually were.Therefore，recalling a bad experience in your own past may make you underestimate (低估) the difficulty of others’ challenges.You overcame it，you think：so should he.The result? You lack pity. Our findings，taken together with those of Professor Nordgren and his team，are that living through hardships doesn’t either warm hearts or harden them; it does both.Knowing suffering in life usually strengthens the pity we feel for others，except when the suffering involves specific painful events that we know all too well. 5．What can we know about the author’s study? A．Those attending it had to pay for it. B．Those attending it were asked questions only. C．It was meant to encourage people to help those in need. D．It tried to show the relationship between adversity and pity. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段末句和第二段首句可知，作者和学生丹尼尔开展的研究试图揭示逆境和同情之间的关系。故选D。 6．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．People’s pity for suffering people. B．People’s understanding of others’ misfortune. C．The findings of Loran Nordgren and his team. D．The thought that shared misfortune may lead to pity. 答案　D 解析　代词指代题。根据第三段中画线词上文“you might think that the pity would be reached when someone has experienced the exact misfortune that another person is facing”可知，this指代的是上文所说的“共同的不幸可能导致同情”的想法。故选D。 7．What did Professor Nordgren and his team find? A．Hardships make people lost in sad memories. B．Hardships lead to people’s lack of pity. C．People tend to remember their hardships easily. D．People suffering from adversity are easy to break down. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ Therefore，recalling a bad experience...The result? You lack pity.”可知，诺德格伦教授和他的团队发现，回忆自己过去糟糕的经历会使人们低估别人面对的挑战的困难程度，理所当然地认为自己克服了困难，别人也应该可以，从而导致人们缺乏同情心。故选B。 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The Way to Overcome Adversity B．The Funny Thing About Adversity C．The Hidden Benefits of Adversity D．Lessons People Learn from Adversity 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三段内容可知，本文主要介绍了对逆境和同情之间的关系的研究，以及研究的有趣发现。由此可知，B选项(逆境的有趣之处)最适合作本文标题。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 My parents never pushed higher education on me. Growing up，I can’t remember that college was ever 1 seriously.It came up in conversation now and then，but there was never any 2 that I would go.However，I wanted to 3 my parents’ fixed idea.I studied hard.I read and I wrote.I wanted to 4 college life.I was so determined (坚定的) to achieve the 5 . My parents were poor， 6 I knew they wouldn’t be able to pay for my college education.I had to 7 the problem on my own. I had no 8 saved of my own，so I had to study hard to get scholarships.I didn’t get high grades in all classes，but I got 9 grades in important classes.I was also very 10 in clubs and activities.I was in drama.I wrote for the newspaper.I worked for the school journal. Most importantly，I realized it was 11 to do well on the PSAT and the SAT in order to get scholarships.I tried my best to do well in these 12 .I applied for a ton of scholarships and 13 a few of them. 14 ，I attended Willamette University in Salem for free. I believe only I myself can 15 my future. 1．A.researched B．believed C．discussed D．praised 答案　C 解析　research研究；believe相信；discuss讨论；praise表扬。由下文“It came up in conversation now and then”可知，从小到大，作者都不记得跟父母认真讨论过大学问题，它只在聊天中偶尔被提及。故选C。 2．A.expectation B．evidence C．question D．doubt 答案　A 解析　expectation期望；evidence证据；question问题；doubt怀疑。由上文提到的作者的父母从未强求作者接受高等教育、也没有认真讨论过大学问题可知，没有人期望作者去上大学，故选A。 3．A.share B．explore C．accept D．change 答案　D 解析　share分享；explore探索；accept接受；change改变。由上文“However”和下文“I studied hard.I read and I wrote.”可知，上下文是转折关系，上文提到作者父母没有想过让作者上大学，此处指作者努力学习，是想要改变父母的这种固有观念，故选D。 4．A.experience B．end C．remember D．influence 答案　A 解析　experience体验；end结束；remember记住；influence影响。由上文“I studied hard.I read and I wrote.”可知，作者努力学习是为了考上大学，体验大学生活，故选A。 5．A.skill B．award C．goal D．position 答案　C 解析　skill技能；award奖项；goal目标；position位置。由上文“I wanted to college life.”可知，作者想体验大学生活，这是他的目标，结合上文提到他努力学习可知，他下定决心要实现这个目标，故选C。 6．A.though B．so C．when D．if 答案　B 解析　though尽管；so因此；when当……时候；if如果。上下文是因果关系，应用so，故选B。 7．A.point out B．set down C．look into D．deal with 答案　D 解析　point out指出；set down记下来；look into调查；deal with解决。由下文“the problem on my own”和上文提到的作者父母付不起大学学费可知，作者不得不自己解决这个问题，故选D。 8．A.money B．time C．work D．strength 答案　A 解析　money钱；time时间；work工作；strength力气。由下文“saved of my own”和“get scholarships”可知，作者没有钱，故选A。 9．A.low B．different C．total D．great 答案　D 解析　low低的；different不同的；total总共的；great很好的。由下文“grades in important classes”并结合上文作者要争取奖学金可知，作者在重要的课上都取得了很好的成绩。故选D。 10．A.careful B．popular C．active D．lucky 答案　C 解析　careful仔细的；popular受欢迎的；active积极的，活跃的；lucky幸运的。由下文“I was in drama.I wrote for the newspaper.I worked for the school journal.”可知，作者在学校参加了很多活动，因此可推知，作者在俱乐部和活动中非常活跃，故选C。 11．A.right B．necessary C．common D．fair 答案　B 解析　right正确的；necessary有必要的；common普通的；fair公平的。由下文“to do well on the PSAT and the SAT in order to get scholarships”可知，作者意识到，为了获得奖学金，在PSAT和SAT考试中取得好成绩是有必要的。故选B。 12．A.tests B．tasks C．games D．subjects 答案　A 解析　test测试，考试；task任务；game游戏；subject科目。由上文“do well on the PSAT and the SAT”可知，此处指作者尽力在PSAT和SAT这些考试中取得好成绩，故选A。 13．A.needed B．won C．forgot D．gathered 答案　B 解析　need需要；win赢得，获得；forget忘记；gather聚集。由下文“a few of them”可知，作者获得了几项奖学金，故选B。 14．A.Obviously B．Interestingly C．Finally D．Suddenly 答案　C 解析　obviously显然地；interestingly有趣地；finally最后，最终；suddenly突然。由下文“I attended Willamette University in Salem for free”可知，此处指作者在经过努力后，最终免费上了威拉姆特大学，故选C。 15．A.face B．consider C．record D．control 答案　D 解析　face面对；consider考虑；record 记录；control控制。由上文“I believe only I myself can”和下文“my future”以及文章描述的作者努力学习最终靠自己成功考上大学可知，作者认为只有自己才能掌控自己的未来，故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空 The Sahara Desert is the world’s 1. 　 (large) hot desert，located in North Africa.2. (it) area is about 3.5 million square miles.This 3. (make) it almost as large 4. the United States of America. The Sahara Desert is famous for many large sand dunes(沙丘)，some of 5. can reach more than 600 feet high. The Sahara Desert has been largely dry and with little plant life more than 5,000 years.Before this time，it was far wetter.This allowed more plants 6. (live) across the desert.There is evidence that many types of river animals have lived in the Sahara Desert.These have been found 7. (main) in southeast Algeria. The climate of the Sahara Desert has changed over several thousands of years.The area is smaller than it was during the last ice age.It was the end of the last ice age that brought a high level of rainfall to the Sahara.This was between 8000 8. 6000 BCE.Since this time，the northern part of the Sahara has dried out.Though the southern Sahara still receives rain during rainy season，it is still 9. (little) than before. Modern times have seen a few 10. (development) for the Sahara.One of these is that mines have been built to get the most from the natural resources (资源) within the area. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了撒哈拉沙漠是位于北非的世界上最大的沙漠，并对相关情况进行了介绍。 1．答案　largest 解析　考查最高级。“the＋形容词最高级”表示最……的。故填largest。 2．答案　Its 解析　考查形容词性物主代词。空后为area，应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，指代撒哈拉沙漠。故填Its。 3．答案　makes 解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。This作主语，且文章时态为一般现在时，所以用第三人称单数。故填makes。 4．答案　as 解析　考查固定句型。固定句型as...as...“和……一样”。故填as。 5．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，该句是非限定性定语从句，先行词是large sand dunes，表物。some of which表“其中的一部分”。故填which。 6．答案　to live 解析　考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”。所以填to live。 7．答案　mainly 解析　考查词性转换。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词found。故填mainly。 8．答案　and 解析　考查连词。固定句型between...and...“在……到……之间”。故填and。 9．答案　less 解析　考查形容词的比较级。根据后文than可知，空处是进行比较，所以用比较级，little的比较级是less。故填less。 10．答案　developments 解析　考查名词复数。a few＋可数名词复数，意为“很多……”。development在此处指“发展事态，进展情况”，是可数名词，故填developments。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$