Unit 8 Period 5 Lesson 3 “White Bikes” on the Road—Reading Comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册（北师大版2019）

Period 5　Lesson 3 “White Bikes” on the Road—Reading Comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．profit　　　 A．to become impossible to see 2．overcome B．to happen; to be found somewhere 3．disappear C．the state of continuing to live，often in spite of difficulty or danger 4．occur D．suggestion or plan; the act of making a suggestion 5．survival E．to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem that has been preventing you achieving something 6．proposal F．the money that you make in business or by selling things，especially after paying the costs involved 答案　1.F　2.E　3.A　4.B　5.C　6.D Ⅱ.选词填空 1．In that situation，they decided to take action to bring the boring contest to an end. 2．What made him tense was that the strong wind blew away good soil，leaving only sand. 3．It is likely that he will give up his dream when he runs into some difficulties. 4．The ordinary girl came up with a good idea to deal with the current trouble. 5．We must work through the difficulties until we find a solution to the problem. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The future of “white bikes”． B．The feature of “white bikes”． C．The situation of “white bikes” in China. D．The development process and influence of“white bikes”． 答案　D Ⅱ.悉层次结构 1．Match the main idea with each paragraph. (1)Para.1　A．The white bikes are back (2)Para.2 B．Bike-sharing is more and more popular in the world (3)Para.3 C．How the white bikes began (4)Para.4 D．The convenience and problems of bikes in China (5)Para.5 E．How the white bikes affect Amsterdam (6)Para.6 F．The popularity of cycling in Amsterdam 答案　(1)F　(2)C　(3)A　(4)E　(5)B　(6)D 2．The structure of the passage. Part 1(Para.1)：The popularity of cycling in Amsterdam Part 2(Paras.2－5)：The development of “white bikes” Part 3(Para.6)：The convenience and problems of bikes in China Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Part 1 and do the following exercises. 1．Why is Amsterdam a good city for cycling? 答案　It is flat and convenient for bikes.There are places for bicycle parking and most streets have a bicycle path. 2．When was the idea of “shared bikes” born in Amsterdam? 答案　50 years ago. 3．Amsterdam is called “the City of Bicycles” because of . A．the cycling fans there B．the appearance of bicycles C．the quality of bicycles D．the convenience for bicycles 答案　D Ⅱ.Read Part 2 and do the following exercises. 1．How does the author develop the second part? The second part is developed in time order. 2．Figure out the three stages of the development of “white bikes”． Stage 1：in (1)the 1960s Stage 2：in (2)1999 Stage 3：(3)nowadays (Ⅰ)Read para.2 and do the following exercises. 3．In the 1960s，some cycling fans hoped bikes could . A．help to save energy B．be specially designed C．be placed anywhere D．be painted in different colours 答案　A 4．Why did the first “white bikes” plan fail? A．People were tired of riding bikes. B．There were not enough parking places. C．Thieves took all the bikes within weeks. D．The government allowed people to drive cars freely. 答案　C (Ⅱ)Read paras.3－4 and do the following exercises. 5．What happened to “white bikes” in 1999? 答案　“White bikes” returned to Amsterdam. 6．Figure out the changes of “white bikes” in 1999. (1)Bikes were equipped with a computer tracking system. (2)Bikes were painted in bright colors. (3)Bikes were parked at special parking places. 7．What effect have “white bikes” had on Amsterdam? People can enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. 8．What do people use if they want to take a “white bike” in the city? A．A white key. B．A special card. C．A special computer. D．A common chip. 答案　B 9．How did the “white bikes” plan work in 1999? A．All the bikes were parked at special parking places. B．All the bikes were kept properly by special people. C．Enough room was left for keeping bicycles. D．By using both computer tracking system and special parking places. 答案　D (Ⅲ)Read para.5 and choose the best answer. 10．Which word can replace words “pedal its way” in para.5? A．Ride. B．Spread. C．Sell. D．Operate. 答案　B Ⅲ.Read Part 3 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．How are “white bikes” going in China? 答案　(1)Positive aspect：both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes. (2)Problems：the theft of bikes & parking issues. 2．What does the writer mean by saying “Where will bike-sharing go in China? You decide.”？ 答案　The future of bike-sharing in China depends on the action of every one of us. Ⅳ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises. 1．What is the type of the passage? A．Narrative essay(记叙文)． B．Argumentative essay(议论文)． C．Expository writing(说明文)． D．Practical writing(应用文)． 答案　C 2．Which section in a magazine is the text likely to be taken from? A．Entertainment. B．Climate. C．Environment. D．Economy. 答案　C 3．What is the writer’s attitude towards the “white bikes”？ A．Supportive. B．Opposed. C．Indifferent. D．Pessimistic. 答案　A Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．Do you think the bikes would be good for our city? Why or why not？(Critical thinking) 2．Suppose you are a docent(讲解员) in the museum of shared bikes，try to introduce the development of shared bikes to the tourists.(Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 People 1.have been enjoying(enjoy) the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years.It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and 2.therefore convenient for bikes. In the 1960s，a group of cycling fans came up 3.with an idea.They believed that 4.it would be better if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.They 5.painted(paint) hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people 6.to use(use)．Wherever someone finished a journey，they would leave the bike there so that someone else can use it.But the problem was that 7.thieves(thief) stole all the bicycles within weeks! In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam.The new “white bikes” were not 8.actually(actual) white but painted in bright colours. Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people，like the cycling fans of the 1960s，people can now enjoy easy transport in central Amsterdam. Nowadays，the idea has spread around the world.In China，even 9.more(many) cities have their own programmes.However，problems can also develop.People are trying different ways of 10.solving(solve) those problems. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. [句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。They believed 是主句；that引导宾语从句；if引导条件状语从句。 [自主翻译]　他们认为，如果市中心不允许使用汽车而只能用自行车，这会让所有人都受益。 2．People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. [句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。where引导定语从句，修饰the place；so that引导目的状语从句。 [自主翻译]　人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。 3．Both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy，reduce air and noise pollution，and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities. [句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句。Both the locals and tourists like to use shared bikes是主句；because引导原因状语从句；to save...是动词不定式短语作way的后置定语。 [自主翻译]　 本地人和游客都喜欢骑共享单车，因为共享单车方便又便宜，可以节省能源、减少空气和噪声污染，使人享受在城市里运动的益处。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Babusha，or “eight-step sands”，got its name because the desert was always just eight steps away from the farmers’ doors.Today，the desert’s southward movement has been stopped thanks to a green belt planted in the last 40 years by Guo Wangang and his colleagues.As a result，Guo was named a National Moral Model in 2020. Guo is only part of the second generation of “soldiers” to fight against the desert.His father was one of the six men who first began planting trees in Babusha.When Guo’s father fell ill in 1983，he hoped that his son would follow in his footsteps. Guo remembers being reluctant to give up his stable government job.“My father repeatedly stressed that we had to make sure our farms weren’t eaten by the desert，” Guo said，adding that he eventually agreed to work at the farm because he didn’t want to see the trees die. However，it was the deadly sandstorm in 1993 that turned Guo into a determined “soldier”．The fast moving brown wall of dust reached high into the sky and turned day into night.Guo was working in the desert with his colleagues when it hit.They only managed to get home after trekking for six hours in darkness.Later，he learned that 23 students were found dead in a river as they tried to get home from school during the sandstorm. Since then，Guo and his colleagues have continued planting trees every spring and fall，pruning(修剪) them in winter and watching out for fire.Their struggle continues.Today more and more young people have joined with scientific and innovative methods.For example，the farm now is subsidized(资助) by Ant Forest，a public welfare project launched by the e-commerce giant，Alibaba.It rewards users with virtual energy in exchange for low-carbon activities，which can then be used to do things，like having trees planted. “We need more such young people to help us find other advanced and engineering methods for desertification control，” said Guo Wangang. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述经过郭万刚和同事们几十年的努力，“八步沙”治理效果明显。 1．What was Guo Wangang’s first reaction to his father’s request? A．He advised his father to stop planting trees. B．He was unwilling to give up his stable job. C．He immediately agreed to work at the farm. D．He was determined to fight against the desert. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句和第三段中的“Guo remembers being reluctant to give up his stable government job.”可知，郭万刚对父亲请求的第一反应是不愿意放弃稳定的政府部门工作而去种树。故选B。 2．Which marks the turning point in Guo Wangang’s desert-fighting career? A．Finishing the green belt. B．Winning National Moral Model title. C．Seeing his father’s falling ill. D．Experiencing a deadly sandstorm. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“However，it was the deadly sandstorm in 1993 that turned Guo into a determined ‘soldier’．”可知，经历了一场致命的沙尘暴是郭万刚治理沙漠事业的转折点。故选D。 3．Why does the author mention Ant Forest? A．To show young people’s creative methods. B．To advocate the low-carbon way of living. C．To praise Ant Forest’s unique contribution. D．To indicate Guo and his team’s difficulties. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Today more and more young people have joined with scientific and innovative methods.For example，...”可知，提到“蚂蚁森林”是为了表明年轻人具有创意的方法。故选A。 4．What does the author try to express with Guo’s story? A．Well begun is half done. B．One tree doesn’t make a forest. C．Opportunity favours only the prepared mind. D．Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。通读全文，并根据第一段最后两句可知，经过郭万刚和同事们几十年的努力，“八步沙”治理效果明显。由此可推知，文章想通过郭万刚的故事告诉我们“世上无难事，只怕有心人”这个道理。故选D。 B If you’re in the market for a new food or water dish for your cat，you might want to check out Free the Ocean’s Bamboo Cat Bowls.These are made of bamboo fibers and rice husks(稻壳) and are more eco-friendly than traditional plastic. The presence of bamboo used as a renewable filler—is part of what makes the bowl greener.Bamboo，which is technically a grass，grows 30% faster than trees and as much as 1.5 inches per hour! Not surprisingly，it produces 30% more oxygen and absorbs 35% more carbon dioxide than trees，according to Mimi Ausland，founder of Free the Ocean.“It’s a cut-and-come-again plant，which means it can be cropped without disrupting the root ball，reducing carbon giving off when it’s harvested.” Rice husk is a by-product of rice production that is a challenge to farmers because it is hard to break down and of no great value.Its use as a filler provides a purpose for an otherwise useless material and，along with the bamboo. Ausland said，“Plastic cat dishes harbor bacteria(细菌)，which can put your cat’s health at risk.Even if pet owners clean them regularly，they cannot be fully sanitized.Plastic bowls are the main cause of cat diseases.” However，the bamboo cat bowl will not leach(渗入) harmful chemicals into your pet’s water the way that traditional plastic can and it is naturally free of bacteria. Cats will like the bowls，as they have low edges.With an easy-to-pick-up handle，they come in four colors. One customer commented，“My cats prefer these cat food bowls just like me.The cats like the low lip that makes it easy to eat out of.And the fact that they’re made of bamboo and that buying them makes a difference to the environment is amazing！And it is easy to wash in the dishwasher.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。竹子有很多用途，本文中作者介绍了一种新研制的竹制猫碗，相比传统的塑料来说这种猫碗更环保、安全。 5．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 2? A．The importance of bamboo in nature. B．The advantages of bamboo over grass. C．The benefits of using bamboo as material. D．The role of bamboo in reducing pollution. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。根据第二段可知，竹子被用作可再生的填充物，这是使碗更环保的部分原因。竹子的生长速度比树木快30%，且比树木多产生30%的氧气，多吸收35%的二氧化碳。故第二段主要讨论了用竹子作材料的好处。故选C。 6．What does the underlined word “sanitized” in paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Replaced. B．Removed. C．Found. D．Used. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Plastic cat dishes harbor bacteria(细菌)，which can put your cat’s health at risk.”以及画线单词所在句子中“Even if pet owners clean them regularly”可知，塑料猫碗会藏有细菌，即使定期清洗也不会被清洗干净，由此推断画线词sanitized意为“清除掉”。故选B。 7．What can we infer from the customer’s words? A．Cats have low lips. B．Cats are easy to satisfy. C．He is fond of the new bowl. D．He doesn’t like doing housework. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段顾客对猫碗的积极评价可知，从顾客的话中我们可以推断出他喜欢那个新碗。故选C。 8．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To promote a new product. B．To give pet owners some advice. C．To introduce the functions of bamboo. D．To point out the link between material and health. 答案　A 解析　写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章开篇介绍了竹制的猫碗，下文进一步分析了这种猫碗的使用材料以及特点等，由此判断文章的目的是推荐新产品。故选A。 C It’s not usual for your municipality(市政当局) to give you money—actually more like a voucher(代金券)—but Miami-Dade County in Florida is switching things up a bit and doing just that for residents who leave their cars home. The county is troubled with big traffic jams and was looking for a way to reduce traffic and improve the quality of life for the residents.That’s why county leaders decided to team up with a new mobility app Velocia that believes in rewarding people every time they commute(通勤) via public transportation. Miami’s mayor Carlos Gimenez announced，“Velocia is a revolutionary mobility app that offers rewards for smart decisions that help people break the habit of traveling alone in cars.The ultimate goal of the program is to reduce traffic and carbon emissions.” The idea came from a Fastrack Institute—non-profit foundation.It’s easy to use，just download the app on your iPhone and then leave your car at home and the mobility app tracks what transportation you use.Residents that use trains or buses，or even use bicycles，or their feet to get to work will earn points.The points，according to Velocia will translate into a virtual currency in your iPhone. The case of Miami-Dade County is not alone.Municipalities worldwide are working on ways to reduce car use to cut back on greenhouse emissions and to make cities more livable.Places like Amsterdam，Netherlands and Hamburg，Germany are committed to making walking and biking the dominant form of transportation in their city centers.Other cities are providing free public transportation to cut down on car use. David Winterstein，Velocia CEO said，“If more US municipalities adopt programs like the Velocia app，it could go a long way to reduce smog，greenhouse gasses，and wasted time sitting in jammed streets.It really would be a win-win for city residents.” 语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍佛罗里达州的迈阿密戴德县使用Velocia应用程序奖励居民积分，以激励居民把车留在家里，乘坐公共交通出行，并叙述了其具体做法和影响。 9．What should participants in the program of Miami county do? A．Travel alone in cars. B．Pay the taxes or tickets. C．Drive with a new mobility app. D．Take public transportation to work. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容及第二段中的“...rewarding people every time they commute(通勤) via public transportation.”可知，迈阿密戴德县的居民参与这个活动项目需把车留在家里，乘坐公共交通工具上班。故选D。 10．What does paragraph 4 mainly focus on? A．The operation process of the app Velocia. B．The advantages of the traffic program. C．The introduction to a virtual currency. D．The various ways of getting the reward. 答案　A 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段第二至四句可知，该段主要讲述Velocia应用程序的操作过程。故选A。 11．Why are other cities mentioned in paragraph 5? A．To indicate the background of the program. B．To show the effect of the new mobility app. C．To present the popularity of low-carbon travel. D．To raise awareness of protecting the environment. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，本段提到世界各地的城市都在努力减少汽车使用，减少温室气体排放，使城市更宜居，这是为了呈现低碳出行的流行。故选C。 12．What is the best title of the text? A．A New Mobility App Makes Cities More Livable B．Miami Rewards Residents for Leaving Their Cars Home C．An App Reward Makes Miami People More Wealthy D．Miami-Dade Is Longing to Improve People’s Quality of Life 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，佛罗里达州的迈阿密戴德县使用Velocia应用程序奖励居民积分， 以激励居民把车留在家里，乘坐公共交通出行。下文叙述其做法和影响。因此B项“迈阿密奖励把车停在家里的居民”符合文章主题。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2023·浙江杭州高一期末) How to Celebrate Earth Day Are you looking for ways to celebrate Earth Day on April 22? You’ve come to the right place.If you’re ready to learn more about joining the global celebration，making real change，and doing your part to save our planet，read on! Walk or ride your bike. 1 Even one day can make a difference，but if you can commit(承诺) to walking or biking more often in the future，that’s even better! If your daily commute is too far for walking/biking，try public transportation like buses or trains. Plant a tree.This simple act will benefit the environment for decades.Planting a tree only takes a few minutes，but it can make a huge impact. 2 They help to save energy，clean pollution，and provide homes for many birds，insects，and other local wildlife. Attend a local Earth Day event. 3 If your community doesn’t have one planned，consider starting one yourself.It’s the perfect day to get together for a fun and educational celebration of the earth. Visit a local farmer’s market.Eating locally-grown food is much better for the environment.For example，locally-grown food doesn’t have to be transported long distances to end up on grocery store shelves. 4 Commit to one green act per day.You can keep reducing your carbon footprint once Earth Day is over. 5 While small changes at the individual level may not seem like a big deal，they add up over time and can have a major impact.Moving forward，make it your goal to do one small thing every day to support the environment. A．Earth Day can be every day! B．Trees are extremely important. C．Trees need extra care to grow well. D．Get out there and appreciate our beautiful world. E．Going car-free for the day will reduce harmful gases. F．See if your community is holding an environmental fair. G．You’ll also be giving back to your community by supporting local farmers. 1．答案　E 解析　根据段首句“Walk or ride your bike.”及空后内容可知，空后主要讲述的是尽量不要开车出行，多选择步行或骑自行车。选项E“一天不开车会减少有害气体”与下文内容一致，解释了为什么多选择步行或骑自行车。故选E。 2．答案　B 解析　根据空后“They help to save energy，clean pollution，and provide homes for many birds，insects，and other local wildlife.”可知，树的好处很多。选项B“树木非常重要”在内容上与下文一致，是下文内容的概括；而下文的“They”指的正是选项中的“Trees”。故选B。 3．答案　F 解析　根据空后“If your community doesn’t have one planned，consider starting one yourself.”可知，空处和“社区是否有这样的计划”有关。选项F“看看你的社区是否正在举办环境博览会”与下文内容一致。故选F。 4．答案　G 解析　根据空前内容可知，上文讲的是在当地农贸市场购买食物的好处。选项G“你也可以通过支持当地农民来回馈社区”与上文内容一致，指的都是在当地农贸市场购买食物的好处，这样可以回馈社区。故选G。 5．答案　A 解析　根据空前内容可知，作者认为减少碳足迹，我们可以每一天都做一件环保的事情。选项A“地球日可以是每一天”与上文内容一致，指的都是我们可以把每天都当作地球日来度过，每天都可以做一件环保的事情。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$