Unit1 Science Fiction【单元测试 · 提升卷】-2024-2025学年高二英语单元速记·巧练（人教版2019选择性必修四册）

null Unit1 Science Fiction【单元测试 · 提升卷】（解析版） -2024-2025学年高二英语单元速记·巧练（人教版2019选择性必修四册） (满分：150分　时间：120分钟) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 一、听力选择题 （21-22高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·阶段练习）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 1．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Photographer and client. C．Repairman and customer. 2．What is the man going to do first? A．Get a new computer. B．Learn to set up the cloud. C．Ask about a copy of some photographs. 【答案】1．C 2．C 【原文】W: The good news is that I can repair your computer. M: What’s the bad news? W: I can’t restore the data on the hard drive. I’ll need to reformat(使重新格式化) it. M: Is there no way to save any of it? W: I’m afraid not. I’ve tried everything. M: All my wedding photos are on it. My wife is going to be so upset. W: Do you have them backed up to the cloud? M: No, I’m not technical enough to do that. W: You should contact your photographer and see if they still have a copy. M: I will. After that, I’ll need to learn how to set up the cloud too. （24-25高三上·江苏无锡·期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 3．How long did the woman’s presentation last? A．10 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. 4．What was the man’s last suggestion to the woman? A．To change the order of the data. B．To offer copies of the slides. C．To reduce the delivery speed. 5．How did the woman probably look during the presentation? A．Calm. B．Excited. C．Nervous. 【答案】3．A 4．B 5．A 【原文】W: Professor Smith, I’m glad that my presentation is over. How did you think it went? M: Not too bad, but I think you just need to make some changes. W: Like what? M: Well, the first thing was the length of your talk. It was only ten minutes and it was much too short. And I’m afraid thirty minutes is a bit long, so twenty minutes would probably be better. W: What did you think of the order of the data? M: It was okay but you should work at the pace of the talk and make the delivery slower. The last thing that confused me was that you didn’t give out copies of your slides for people to take notes. W: Oh, I got very nervous when I spoke in front of people, so I forgot to do that. M: But you look very calm. It really didn’t show. W: I wasn’t inside. （24-25高二上·全国·单元测试）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What has made working at home possible? A．Living far from workplaces. B．Communication industry. C．More job opportunities. 7．What is the advantage of working at home according to the woman? A．Saving more time. B．Having a lot of freedom. C．Taking care of the family easily. 8．What might happen in the future in the woman’s opinion? A．British company will move overseas. B．All companies will employ home workers. C．People will work at home for a foreign company. 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．C 【原文】M: Miss Green, do you think within a few years many people could work at home instead of working outside? W: It’s happening now. The communication industry has made much progress in recent years. Like the development of 5G smartphones and AI technology also helps. M: And how do these people manage to work? W: Well, they have a television set, a computer, a printer, and a telephone to connect with other computers. M: Oh, I see, but surely there are some advantages in working at home. W: Yes, people don’t have to spend a lot of time getting to and from their workplaces. The rush hours are the worst time of day. They may make more money if they apply for more different jobs. M: Ah, yes, I see. What do you think about the conditions of home workers? W: Let me tell you what might happen. A British company, for example in London, might employ clerks in Belfast, or a Paris company could have their managers in Spain. They just use a telephone to call around for the employee. （24-25高二上·四川德阳·期中）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 9．Where does Mark usually read news now? A．In a newspaper. B．In a magazine. C．On the Internet. 10．What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A．It has a small glass window. B．It can make a pizza in a short time. C．It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 11．What does the woman think of the machine? A．It is quite necessary. B．It might not be popular. C．It will certainly succeed. 12．What is an advantage of the machine? A．The 24-hour service. B．Tasty pizza made by it. C．The low production cost. 【答案】9．C 10．B 11．B 12．A 【原文】W: Do you still like reading newspapers or magazines, Mark? M: No. Now I often read news on some famous news sites. It’s more convenient. W: Is there any impressive news today? M: Yes. The news about a vending machine that bakes a pizza in three minutes. W: Baking a pizza in three minutes? That’s really unbelievable. So is it in the US? M: No. It’s in Rome. The machine is called “Mr. Go Pizza”. It offers four different kinds of pizzas which cost between $5 and $7. There’s a small glass window that allows customers to watch as their pizza bakes. W: So what about the pizza? Does it taste good? M: Some people called the pizza “terrible”; others were kinder. They said the pizza is OK, but they also said it’s not pizza. W: Well, Italy is well-known for its pizzas. There are so many restaurants that sell pizzas. I don’t think such a machine will be successful there. M: I doubt it, too. But the machine has an advantage. W: What is it? M: It offers 24-hour service. It is very useful if you’re hungry late at night. （21-22高一上·江苏苏州·期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 13．When was the hospital mentioned in the speech completed? A．On January 23rd. B．On February 2nd. C．On March 3rd. 14．What is true according to the speech? A．The new generation maglev train can reach a top speed of 160 km per hour. B．The Tianhe-1 supercomputer has a 60-percent increase in its processing speed. C．The 5G network can download movies within minutes. 15．How many examples does the speaker mentioned to support him? A．5. B．4. C．3. 16．What is the topic of the speech? A．China speed. B．China’s long history. C．China’s economic strength. 【答案】13．B 14．A 15．B 16．A 【原文】We are here to talk about the remarkable days of 2020. Well, speaking of 2020, COVID-19 is something that has to be mentioned. It’s annoying, but I want to talk about how we address it. I want to talk about Huosheng Shan Hospital, a hospital built in Wuhan, China. Construction of the hospital began on the evening of January 23rd and finished on February 2. A hospital was built within 10 days and ready to receive patients. That’s what we call “China speed”. Here’s another remarkable day for 2020, on April 28th, a new generation domestic maglev train has a 60-percent increase in its speed, reaching a top of 160 km per hour. That’s what we call “China speed”. “China speed” can be seen in other aspects too. The Tianhe-1 supercomputer that can compute in one hour what would have taken the entire Chinese population 340 years to process. The 5G network that can download movies within seconds. That’s what we call “China speed.” I feel more than proud to be here delivering this speech in English, so that more people in the world will get to learn these great achievements China has been making. And that’s why I wanna use English, the language, the bridge of communication, to let the world hear our voices, to hear “China speed”. Thank you. （24-25高三上·云南昆明·阶段练习）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17．Where does Mark usually read news now? A．In a newspaper. B．In a magazine. C．On the Internet. 18．What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A．It has a small glass window. B．It can make a pizza in a short time. C．It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 19．What does the woman think of the machine? A．It might not be popular. B．It is quite necessary. C．It will certainly succeed. 20．What is an advantage of the machine? A．The 24-hour service. B．Tasty pizza made by it. C．The low production cost. 【答案】17．C 18．B 19．A 20．A 【原文】W: Do you still like reading newspapers or magazines, Mark? M: No. Now I often read news on some famous news sites. It’s more convenient. W: Is there any impressive news today? M: Yes. The news about a vending machine that bakes a pizza in three minutes. W: Baking a pizza in three minutes? That’s really unbelievable. So is it in the US? M: No. It’s in Rome. The machine is called “Mr. Go Pizza”. It offers four different kinds of pizzas which cost between $5 and $7. There’s a small glass window that allows customers to watch as their pizza bakes. W: So what about the pizza? Does it taste good? M: Some people called the pizza “terrible”; others were kinder. They said the pizza was OK, but they also said it was not pizza. W: Well, Italy is well-known for its pizzas. There are so many restaurants that sell pizzas. I don’t think such a machine will be successful there. M: I doubt it, too. But the machine has an advantage. W: What is it? M: It offers 24-hour service. It is very useful if you’re hungry late at night. W: That’s true. Late-night hunger can be a real problem. Maybe it will find some success after all. 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （2024·江苏·模拟预测）What are Minecraft server OP levels? OP is short for Operator. In Minecraft servers, Operators are players that were given special permissions and are allowed to run commands, perform specific restricted actions and make other regular players become Operators themselves. One server can have multiple Operators. Let’s see how they work. Minecraft server OP levels Since the 1. 7 patch, in Minecraft servers there are 4 different levels of Operators, from level 1 to level 4. Each level has the powers of all the levels below. So if you are a level 3 Operator, you can do what level 1 and 2 Operators are able to do, but you can’t do what a level 4 Operator can. Level 1 Operator A level 1 Operator can bypass spawn protection. Usually in Minecraft servers you are not allowed to modify the spawn area: you can’t destroy any block or place any new block in the spawn area. An OP level 1 doesn’t have this restriction. This is very useful for a server owner when they need help to build the spawn area without using map editors. This way they don’t need to trust too many players with special privileges. No special commands are assigned to level 1 Operators. Level 2 Operator An A level 2 Operator in Minecraft can manipulate game mechanics extensively through a wide array of commands, akin to using cheats in singleplayer mode, excluding direct interaction with other players. This includes managing advancements, attributes, entities, blocks, game modes, difficulty settings, effects, experience, structures, items, sounds, scores, world properties, and more, but does not grant authority over player-specific actions. Level 3 Operator A Level 3 Operator can execute all Level 2 Operator commands and additionally manage player access through banning, kicking, op-ing, and modifying whitelist settings, effectively controlling player interactions and privileges on the server. Level 4 Operator The sole distinction between a Level 3 and a Level 4 Operator lies in the latter’s additional capability to execute specific commands, including /classroommode, /publish, /save-all, /save-off, /save-on, and /stop, which enable modification of server functions. That concludes our overview on Minecraft server operator levels. Bear in mind, servers typically feature predefined operator levels. Should you wish to adjust these levels, reaching out to the server owner is usually necessary. For those contemplating launching a free Minecraft server, Aternos might pique your interest. If so, click the article Is ATERNOS safe? 21．Among the listed Minecraft server OP levels, which one possesses the supreme level of permissions on a Minecraft server? A．Level 1 Operator B．Level 2 Operator C．Level 3 Operator D．Level 4 Operator 22．What the reason Level 1 Operators are unable to demolish existing blocks or construct new ones? A．Itsn’t subject to this restriction. B．Its disastrous fire. C．Its increasing population. D．Its economic growth. 23．Where did this article come from? A．A Website B．A news C．A magazine D．A recipe 【答案】21．D 22．A 23．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍Minecraft服务器中4个不同级别的操作员的工作内容。 21．推理判断题。根据第二段 “in Minecraft servers there are 4 different levels of Operators, from level 1 to level 4. Each level has the powers of all the levels below. So if you are a level 3 Operator, you can do what level 1 and 2 Operators are able to do, but you can’t do what a level 4 Operator can. (在Minecraft服务器中有4个不同级别的操作员，从1级到4级。每一个等级都具有以下所有等级的力量。因此，如果你是3级操作员，你可以做1级和2级操作员能做的事情，但你不能做4级操作员能做到的事情)”可知，4级操作员拥有Minecraft server的最高权限级别。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据Level 1 Operator部分“A level 1 Operator can bypass spawn protection. Usually in Minecraft servers you are not allowed to modify the spawn area: you can’t destroy any block or place any new block in the spawn area. An OP level 1 doesn’t have this restriction. (一级操作员可以绕过产卵保护。通常在Minecraft服务器中，你不允许修改产卵区：你不能破坏任何区块或在产卵区放置任何新区块。OP级别1没有此限制)”可知，一级运营商无法拆除现有区块或建造新区块的原因是它不受此限制。故选A。 23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If so, click the article Is ATERNOS safe? (如果是，请单击文章“ATERNOS安全吗？”)”可知，这里提到网络用语click，所以这篇文章出自于网站。故选A。 B （21-22高二下·辽宁·阶段练习）A small team of researchers has found that battery-powered trains could become economical as soon as 2023. The group argues that improved battery technology and cheap, renewable energy could soon allow battery power to compete with common fuel to power trains. Most of the goods trains in the U. S. run on common fuel, spewing about 0.6 percent of total U. S. carbon emissions. In this new effort, the researchers suggest that switching to battery power could prevent these emissions. Electric trains in the U. S. get their power from overhead lines — a system that is expensive and inefficient. The team suggests that batteries could provide a better option; more specifically, they claim that a single locomotive equipped with a 14-megawatt battery system would be enough to replace a train powered by a common fuel engine. They further claim that such a locomotive could carry a train about 240 kilometers on a single charge. This would consume half the energy of a common-powered train. And if the battery is charged using a renewable resource, it would reduce the carbon footprint of an electric train to zero. Most current common fuel locomotives actually run-on electricity — the common fuel is used to power onboard generators. Thus, all that would be needed for most locomotives would be to replace the generators and add a boxcar just behind the locomotive to carry a large battery. Adding more boxcars with batteries would increase the range of the train. The batteries could be charged at designated stops, provided fast-chargers for such large batteries are developed. As an alternative, battery-carrying boxcars could be changed for fresh ones at designated stops, greatly reducing wait times. The researchers believe that at least for the near future, operating costs would be somewhat higher for battery-powered trains, but they suggest the environmental improvements would make it worth it. 24．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “spewing” in paragraph 2? A．Taking in. B．Giving off. C．Cutting down. D．Consisting of. 25．What does the third paragraph intend to tell us about electric trains? A．Their advantages. B．Their working process. C．Their travel distance. D．Their carbon footprint. 26．What can we infer about electric trains from this text? A．There are no fast-chargers at present. B．They are powered by overhead lines. C．The locomotives will be carried by a boxcar. D．They are environmentally friendly and economical. 27．Why do researchers advocate electric trains at present? A．For reducing costs. B．For environmental benefits. C．For higher economic efficiency. D．For the convenience of passengers. 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．A 27．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一小组研究人员发现，电池驱动的火车最早将在2023年变得经济可行。该组织认为，电池技术的改进和廉价的可再生能源很快就能让电池动力与普通燃料竞争。文章主要介绍了电动火车的优势以及仍然存在的挑战。 24．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“In this new effort, the researchers suggest that switching to battery power could prevent these emissions.(在这项新研究中，研究人员建议改用电池供电可以防止这些排放)”以及画线词后文“about 0.6 percent of total U. S. carbon emissions”可知，美国的大部分货运列车使用普通燃料，排放出的碳约占美国总排放量的0.6%。故画线词意思是“排放”。A. Taking in.理解；B. Giving off.排放；C. Cutting down.削减；D. Consisting of.组成。故选B。 25．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Electric trains in the U. S. get their power from overhead lines — a system that is expensive and inefficient. The team suggests that batteries could provide a better option; more specifically, they claim that a single locomotive equipped with a 14-megawatt battery system would be enough to replace a train powered by a common fuel engine. They further claim that such a locomotive could carry a train about 240 kilometers on a single charge. This would consume half the energy of a common-powered train. And if the battery is charged using a renewable resource, it would reduce the carbon footprint of an electric train to zero.(美国的电动火车从架空线路获取电力，这个系统既昂贵又低效。研究小组认为电池可以提供更好的选择；更具体地说，他们声称，一台配备14兆瓦电池系统的机车就足以取代一辆由普通燃料发动机驱动的火车。他们进一步声称，这种火车头一次充电可以让火车行驶240公里左右。这将消耗普通动力火车一半的能量。如果电池使用可再生资源充电，它将把电动火车的碳足迹减少到零)”可知，第三段想告诉我们电动火车的优势。故选A。 26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The batteries could be charged at designated stops, provided fast-chargers for such large batteries are developed.(这种电池可以在指定的停车点充电，前提是这种大型电池的快速充电器已经开发出来了)”可推知，目前还没有快速充电器。故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The researchers believe that at least for the near future, operating costs would be somewhat higher for battery-powered trains, but they suggest the environmental improvements would make it worth it. (研究人员认为，至少在不久的将来，电池驱动的列车的运营成本会有所提高，但他们认为，环境改善将使其值得)”可知，研究人员现在提倡电动火车是为了环境利益。故选B。 C （22-23高二上·广西南宁·开学考试）What if a city bench (长凳) could provide a place not just to sit but also to breathe a little easier? That is the idea behind CityTree, a 14-foot-high energy-efficient bench covered with moss (苔藓). CityTree is the invention of Peter Sanger, 29, a gardening expert and the CEO of Green City Solutions. The company seeks to answer a challenging question: How can we bring nature into the city and use its positive effects on the atmosphere at scale? The idea struck Sanger when he learned about the cleaning effects of various plants, particularly moss, as a university student. “That’s what got me excited — finding that the solution to air pollution lies in nature, he says. “After all, nature has millions of years of experience in making air pure (纯净).” From the outside, the CityTree looks like a bench with a tower covered in moss. But inside is a fully automated system that provides enough water for moss to grow. The built-in IOT (物联网) technology monitors its performance and conditions, as well as providing environmental data from the surrounding area. According to Green City Solutions, the CityTree improves the air quality around it by up to 53% and can cool the surrounding air by 4℃. The unit can provide a pleasant period of breathable air in places where people tend to stay.” Think of a bus stop on a busy street, a street cafe, even an inner-city schoolyard.” he says. However, the CityTree is just the beginning. Its next generation is a slimmer model that contains a digital screen on one side and a moss wall on the other. 28．What is the text mainly about? A．An air-cooling product. B．An idea for purer city air. C．Sanger’s life experiences. D．The problems of air pollution. 29．What was Sanger excited to learn about as a university student? A．The application of moss. B．Humans’ dependence on nature. C．Nature’s solution to air pollution. D．The diversity of air-cleaning plants. 30．Where is a CityTree device most likely to be found? A．At the seaside. B．In a rose garden. C．In a street market. D．On top of a mountain. 31．The text is most likely from ________. A．a science magazine B．a travel guide C．a medical journal D．a biology textbook 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．C 31．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项净化城市空气的产品CityTree的研发理念、功能特点和更新趋势。 28．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“What if a city bench (长凳) could provide a place not just to sit but also to breathe a little easier? That is the idea behind CityTree, a 14-foot-high energy-efficient bench covered with moss (苔藓)”（如果城市长凳不仅能提供一个坐着的地方，还能让人更轻松地呼吸呢?这就是CityTree背后的想法，这是一个14英尺高、覆盖着苔藓的节能长凳。）和第二段“CityTree is the invention of Peter Sanger, 29, a gardening expert and the CEO of Green City Solutions. The company seeks to answer a challenging question: How can we bring nature into the city and use its positive effects on the atmosphere at scale?”（CityTree是29岁的Peter Sanger的发明，他是一位园艺专家，也是绿色城市解决方案公司的首席执行官。该公司试图回答一个具有挑战性的问题:我们如何将自然带入城市，并大规模地利用其对大气的积极影响?）可推知，本文主要是关于一个更纯净的城市空气的想法。故选B项。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段“The idea struck Sanger when he learned about the cleaning effects of various plants, particularly moss, as a university student. “That’s what got me excited — finding that the solution to air pollution lies in nature, he says. “After all, nature has millions of years of experience in making air pure (纯净).”（桑格在上大学时了解到各种植物，尤其是苔藓的清洁效果后，产生了这个想法。他说：“这让我很兴奋，因为我发现解决空气污染的办法在于大自然。”“毕竟，大自然在净化空气方面有数百万年的经验。”）可知，作为一名大学生，桑格对大自然解决空气污染的方法感到兴奋。故选C项。 30．细节理解题。根据第五段“The unit can provide a pleasant period of breathable air in places where people tend to stay.” Think of a bus stop on a busy street, a street cafe, even an inner-city schoolyard.” he says.”（该装置可以在人们喜欢待的地方提供舒适的空气。”想象一下繁忙街道上的公交车站，街头咖啡馆，甚至市中心的校园。”他说。）可知，CityTree设备最容易在繁忙的市场被发现。故选C项。 31．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“What if a city bench (长凳) could provide a place not just to sit but also to breathe a little easier? That is the idea behind CityTree, a 14-foot-high energy-efficient bench covered with moss (苔藓)”（如果城市长凳不仅能提供一个坐着的地方，还能让人更轻松地呼吸呢?这就是CityTree背后的想法，这是一个14英尺高、覆盖着苔藓的节能长凳。）和第二段“CityTree is the invention of Peter Sanger, 29, a gardening expert and the CEO of Green City Solutions. The company seeks to answer a challenging question: How can we bring nature into the city and use its positive effects on the atmosphere at scale?”（CityTree是29岁的Peter Sanger的发明，他是一位园艺专家，也是绿色城市解决方案公司的首席执行官。该公司试图回答一个具有挑战性的问题：我们如何将自然带入城市，并大规模地利用其对大气的积极影响?）可推知，短文主要是关于一个更纯净的城市空气的想法。所以短文可能来自科学杂志。故选A项。 D （21-22高二下·甘肃庆阳·期末）Zhonglin Wang started playing table tennis only four years ago. But last year, he and other researchers came up with a clever way to improve their game: Build a smart table. Now they’ve just introduced a prototype to the public. It can measure where a ball lands, how fast the ball’s going and where it’s headed. The table can do that because its innovative wood surface forms the top layer of a novel self-powered sensor. The data it acquires could help players to perform better, says Wang. Wang is a materials scientist at the Georgia Institute of Technology, in Atlanta. He describes the invention as a machine that can learn to analyze how someone plays. Importantly, the new smart table doesn’t need a battery to detect the ball. When a ball hits the wood, it sets off a chain of events that can both generate a small electric current and record the ball’s behavior. Wang is an expert at inventing devices that provide their own power. In 2012, he invented a triboelectric(摩擦生电的) nano-generator. He calls it TENG, for short. Even if you’ve never heard of “triboelectricity”, you know the phenomenon. Most of us call it static electricity. The first TENG that Wang put together in 2012 looked like a sandwich. It had layers of charged materials separated by a small gap. When the sandwich bent or changed shape, its layered materials rubbed against each other. This caused electrons to start building up on one side. What makes the new game table truly unique is its use of wood as one of the TENG’s layers. As it turns out, Wang explains, “Wood is an excellent triboelectric material.” Building a full-size game table would require a large grid of wood TENGs. Wang says that’s on his drawing board as a project for the future. 32．Why is the new table unusual? A．It can measure the speed of the ball. B．It uses wood as a TENG’s layer. C．It can help players perform better. D．It uses a new steel table surface. 33．Which of the following can probably replace the underlined “detect” in Paragraph 3? A．Stop. B．Start. C．Observe. D．Release. 34．What can we know about TENG? A．It was invented last year. B．It is a scientific phenomenon. C．It functions like a sandwich. D．It’s a device generating power. 35．What can be a best title for the text? A．A Unique Smart Game Table B．A Table Tennis Lover C．Ways to Win a Table Tennis Game D．New Rules for Table Tennis Games 【答案】32．B 33．C 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的发明——智能乒乓球桌面。它可以感知乒乓球的速度、方向等，从而帮助人们提高球技。 32．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的第一句“What makes the new game table truly unique is its use of wood as one of the TENG’s layers.(新游戏桌的真正独特之处在于它使用木头作为TENG的一层)”可知，这个新的桌子的与众不同之处就在于使用了木头作为TENG的一层。故选B项。 33．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“When a ball hits the wood, it sets off a chain of events that can both generate a small electric current and record the ball’s behavior.(当球碰到木头时，它会引发一连串的事件，既能产生小电流，又能记录球的行为)”可知，由此可知，新的智能游戏桌将不需要电池来观察球。划线单词意思为“观察”。故选C项。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 2012, he invented a triboelectric(摩擦生电的) nano-generator. He calls it TENG, for short.(2012年，他发明了一种摩擦电纳米发电机。他简称之为TENG)”可知，TENG是一种发电装置。故选D项。 35．主旨大意题。结合全文对于这款新型的乒乓球桌的介绍，以及第一段中“But last year, he and other researchers came up with a clever way to improve their game: Build a smart table.(但去年，他和其他研究人员想出了一个聪明的方法来改进他们的比赛：建造一个智能桌子)”可知，本文主要是围绕智能乒乓球桌展开的，A项“独特的智能游戏桌”符合题意。故选A项。 Ⅱ.七选五 （22-23高三上·江西·阶段练习）Ponds (池塘) are a common sight. There are different kinds of ponds. 36 Like other kinds of ponds, they can add beauty to a garden or a landscape. The difference is that they’re powered by solar energy. A great pond usually needs an energy source to power up a pump and lights. Without a pump, a pond may hardly receive new clean water. 37 A solar-powered pump helps maintain healthy water quality and enables the addition of fish, if desired. No solar garden pond would be complete without solar-powered lights. They are powered by a free, renewable energy source. This allows us a green life. 38 Strategic placement of lights around a pond will result in a beautiful appearance, both during the day and at night. 39 The solar pump and lights need to get energy from the sun. Placing a pond in direct sunlight increases the growth of algae (藻) in summer. However, placing it in the shade or partial shade may not produce enough solar energy to keep pumps and lights running. If you’ve decided to create such a pond, choose a suitable location for your pond, and consider buying proper solar accessories according to your pond’s location, size and so on. If possible, you can ask professionals for suggestions. 40 A．There are many ways to live a green life. B．The need for inconvenient wiring can be avoided as well. C．Nowadays,there’s a growing interest in solar garden ponds. D．Using solar energy for such ponds is not without limitations. E．That is why clean water is key to the survival of human beings. F．Through your efforts,you are sure to get a beautiful and efficient one in the end. G．The pond may become dirty and smell bad with a lot of mosquitoes flying around. 【答案】36．C 37．G 38．B 39．D 40．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了太阳能花园池塘通过使用太阳能给池塘供电，给人们带来诸多便利和好处，但同时也有不足之处。 36．根据上文“There are different kinds of ponds.(有不同种类的池塘) ”和下文“Like other kinds of ponds, they can add beauty to a garden or a landscape. The difference is that they’re powered by solar energy. (像其他种类的池塘一样，它们可以为花园或风景增色。不同的是，它们是由太阳能驱动的)”可知，设空句中会提及一种由太阳能驱动的不同类型的池塘，C项“Nowadays,there’s a growing interest in solar garden ponds.(如今，人们对太阳能花园池塘越来越感兴趣)” 中的“solar garden ponds”即这种新型池塘，也是下文指示代词“they”指代对象。故选C项。 37．上文“Without a pump, a pond may hardly receive new clean water. (没有水泵，池塘可能很难接收新的干净的水)”提出没有水泵池塘就很难获得干净的水，结合常识，G项“The pond may become dirty and smell bad with a lot of mosquitoes flying around.(池塘可能会变得肮脏和恶臭，还有许多蚊子飞来飞去)”给出这种情况会导致的结果，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 38．上文“They are powered by a free, renewable energy source. This allows us a green life. (它们由一种免费的可再生能源提供动力。这让我们有一个绿色的生活)”提出太阳能花园池塘带给我们的好处，B项“The need for inconvenient wiring can be avoided as well. (也可以避免不方便的布线)”承接上文，继续列举太阳能池塘带给我们的另一个好处，句中“as well”表明其并列关系。故选B项。 39．设空处为本段主题句。根据段中“The solar pump and lights need to get energy from the sun. Placing a pond in direct sunlight increases the growth of algae(藻)in summer. (太阳能泵和太阳能灯需要从太阳获得能量。把池塘放在阳光直射下会增加藻类的生长)”可知，本段主要介绍太阳能花园池塘的缺陷。D项“Using solar energy for such ponds is not without limitations.(在这种池塘中使用太阳能并非没有局限性)”能很好概括段落主题。故选D项。 40．上文“If you’ve decided to create such a pond, choose a suitable location for your pond, and consider buying proper solar accessories according to your pond’s location, size and so on. (如果你已经决定创建这样一个池塘，为你的池塘选择一个合适的位置，并考虑购买适当的太阳能配件根据你的池塘的位置，大小等等)”介绍了建造太阳能花园池塘需要考虑的事情，F项“Through your efforts, you are sure to get a beautiful and efficient one in the end. (通过你的努力，你一定会得到一个漂亮和高效的最后)”承接上文，给出文章结语，且句中“your efforts”与上文“choose...,and consider...and so on.”相照应。故选F项。 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （23-24高三上·河南郑州·期末）Space exploration has always been the province of 41 : The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力) struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries 42 the first manned rockets started to fly. In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, had a 43 quality. They resonated (共鸣) with optimism and 44 in much the same way as the most famous 45 speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and 46 American society. 47 , in many ways the two dreams ended up 48 each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its 49 . When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand 50 to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no 51 . The continuous argument is that 52 are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit (赤字), reaching toward the stars seems an unnecessary luxury— 53 saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems. But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most value for the money spent. They will serve as modern Magellans, 54 out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within 55 of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could 56 . The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us — not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the 57 they produce, but because the two types of dreams support each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can 58 what were once considered great limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will overcome these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the 59 . The more evidence we collect that our species is 60 greatness, the more we will actually achieve it. 41．A．dreamers B．explorers C．astronomers D．novelists 42．A．after B．before C．until D．while 43．A．realistic B．practical C．attractive D．dreamlike 44．A．reflection B．ambition C．ignorance D．recognition 45．A．inspiring B．public C．dream D．free 46．A．attacked B．industrialized C．transformed D．accessed 47．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Additionally D．However 48．A．in conflict with B．in line with C．in common with D．in pace with 49．A．aims B．damage C．power D．terms 50．A．followup B．breakthrough C．backup D．takeover 51．A．ancestor B．successor C．forefather D．advocate 52．A．situations B．securities C．funds D．schedules 53．A．just like B．so that C．as if D．on condition that 54．A．making B．figuring C．sweeping D．mapping 55．A．reach B．range C．control D．knowledge 56．A．drop behind B．go mainstream C．come to power D．dig out 57．A．productions B．chips C．technologies D．substitutes 58．A．go beyond B．go through C．go after D．go over 59．A．approval B．gratitude C．credit D．commitment 60．A．preferable to B．capable of C．proud of D．convinced of 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．A 50．A 51．B 52．C 53．C 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．C 58．A 59．C 60．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为太空探索一直都是梦想家的领域，它激发了人类的想象力和创造力，而人类的聪明才智也紧追不舍，最终将人类送上了太空。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：太空探索一直是梦想家的领域：人类的想象力在人类的创造力难以企及的地方迅速翱翔。A. dreamers梦想家；B. explorers探险家；C. astronomers天文学家；D. novelists小说家。根据下文“The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力)struggles to follow.(人类的想象力在人类的创造力难以企及的地方迅速翱翔。)”可知，太空探索一直是“梦想家”的领域，呼应下文“the space dreamers”。故选A项。 42．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在第一批载人火箭开始飞行之前，西拉诺已经死了，并被埋葬了整整三个世纪。A. after在……之后；B. before在……之前；C. until直到；D. while当……的时候。根据上文“Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries(西拉诺已经死了，并被埋葬了整整三个世纪)”可知，此处用before表示在第一批载人火箭开始飞行“之前”西拉诺已经死了。故选B项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1961年，当肯尼迪总统宣布美国将在十年内将人类送上月球时，这些话也有一种梦幻的感觉。A. realistic务实的；B. practical实用的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. dreamlike梦一般的。根据上文“In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end(1961年，肯尼迪总统宣布美国将在十年内将人类送上月球)”可知，这些话应该是“梦幻般的”。故选D项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的乐观和雄心与两年后马丁·路德·金(Martin Luther King Jr.)最著名的鼓舞人心的演讲在很大程度上是一样的。A. reflection反射；B. ambition雄心；C. ignorance无知；D. recognition认可。根据上文的“optimism”可知，此处用ambition与上文呼应，表示“雄心”（1961年，肯尼迪总统宣布美国将在十年内将人类送上月球）符合语境。故选B项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. public公共的；C. dream理想的；D. free自由的。根据下文的“delivered by Martin Luther King Jr.(马丁·路德·金发表的)”可知，此处用inspiring表示“鼓舞人心的”演讲。故选A项。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到90年代末，这两种愿景都取得了具体成果，改变了美国社会。A. attacked袭击；B. industrialized使工业化；C. transformed改变、转化；D. accessed进入。根据下文“The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact.(争取种族和经济平等的斗争是非常务实且有直接的影响。)”可知，此处是指“改变了”美国社会。故选C项。 47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在许多方面，这两个梦想最终相互冲突。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead代替；C. Additionally另外；D. However然而。分析上下文语境可知，上下文是转折关系，所以用However表示“然而”符合语境。故选D项。 48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. in conflict with和……冲突；B. in line with符合；C. in common with与……一样；D. in pace with随着。根据下文“The urge to explore space is just the opposite(探索太空的欲望恰恰相反)”可知，此处指这两个梦想最终发生了冲突。故选A项。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的目的在形象上和字面上都是超凡脱俗的。A. aims目的；B. damage损坏；C. power权力；D. terms术语。根据上文“The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact.(争取种族和经济平等的斗争是非常务实且有直接的影响。)”可知，此处指探索太空的目的。故选A项。 50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿波罗计划之后，没有大规模的后续行动。A. followup追踪、后续行动；B. breakthrough突破；C. backup后备；D. takeover接管。根据上文“When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out.(尘埃落定后，太空梦想家们迷失了方向)”可知，此处指没有了后续行动，所以用followup表示“追踪、后续行动”符合语境。故选A项。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在技术上受到影响的航天飞机计划刚刚结束，没有后续计划。A. ancestor祖先；B. successor后续事物、继承者；C. forefather前辈；D. advocate拥护者。根据第10题的分析，阿波罗计划以后没有大规模的后续行动，所以此处用successor表示“后续事物、后续计划”符合语境。故选B项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：持续的争论是资金紧张，我们在地球上有更紧迫的问题。A. situations情况；B. securities担保；C. funds基金；D. schedules时间表。根据下文“Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit(在当前对联邦赤字的担忧中)”可知，此处是指资金紧张。故选C项。 53．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在当前对联邦赤字的担忧中，仰望星空似乎是一种不必要的奢侈——好像节省一年预算的千分之一就能解决我们的问题。A. just like就像；B. so that以便；C. as if 好像；D. on condition that条件是。根据上文“reaching toward the stars seems an unnecessary luxury(仰望星空似乎是一种不必要的奢侈)”可知，此处用as if表示“好像”与上文呼应。故选C项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们将作为现代麦哲伦人，为任何探险家绘制太阳系地图，无论是人类还是机器。A. making制作；B. figuring计算；C. sweeping打扫；D. mapping绘地图。根据下文“the solar system”可知，此处指“绘制”太阳系地图。故选D项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在未来几年内，富裕的平民百姓也可以进行私人太空飞行。A. reach影响范围；B. range范围；C. control控制；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public.(另一方面，像维珍银河这样的公司正在策划一场自下而上的攻击，让太空梦想成为公众的现实。)”可知，此处指私人太空飞行可能成为富裕的平民百姓也能接触的事情，所以用within reach表示“在够到的范围内、接触到”符合语境。故选A项。 56．考查动词短语辨析。句意：再过一二十年，它就会成为主流。A. drop behind落伍；B. go mainstream成为主流；C. come to power执政；D. dig out掘出。结合第15题的分析再根据上文“Another decade or two”可知，此出处用短语go mainstream表示未来私人太空飞行会“成为主流”符合语境。故选B项。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：太空梦想家最终使我们所有人受益——不仅仅是因为他们扩展人类知识的方式，或者因为他们生产的技术，而是因为这两种类型的梦想是相互支持的。A. productions生产；B. chips炸薯条；C. technologies技术；D. substitutes替代物。根据空格后的“they produce”可知，此处指太空梦想家们生产的副产品“技术”。故选C项。 58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：马丁·路德·金(Martin Luther King)和约翰·肯尼迪(John Kennedy)都认为，人类可以超越曾经被认为的巨大的局限。A. go beyond超出；B. go through通过；C. go after追求；D. go over复习。根据下文“what were once considered great limitations(曾经被认为的巨大的局限性)”和“Tomorrow we will overcome these as well(明天，我们也将克服这些困难)”可知，此处用短语go beyond指“超越”局限性，符合语境。故选A项。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：明天，我们也将克服这些困难，梦想家们理应得到赞扬。A. approval同意；B. gratitude感激；C. credit信誉、赞扬；D. commitment承诺。分析句意再根据上文的“The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us(太空梦想家最终使我们所有人受益)”和“deserve”可知，此处用credit表示理应得到“赞扬”符合语境。故选C项。 60．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我们收集的证据越多，表明人类有能力变得伟大，我们就越能真正实现它。A. preferable to更可取的；B. capable of有……能力的；C. proud of为……自豪；D. convinced of使确信。根据下文“the more we will actually achieve it(我们就越能真正实现它)”可知，我们的物种有能力做到伟大，所以用capable of表示“有……能力的”符合语境。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ⅱ.语法填空 （21-22高二下·吉林·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first artificial intelligence (AI) textbook for high school students 61 (publish) last week, following a plan by central government 62 (include) AI courses in primary and secondary school. The nine-chapter textbook, 63 (name) “Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence”, was written by outstanding 64 (scholar) from well-known schools nationwide, under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and AI startup Sense Time. It includes the history of AI and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security. “The textbook focuses not only on basics of AI, but on 65 (practice) use of AI in daily life,” said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University, 66 is also a contributor to the book. Up till now, about 40 high schools across the country 67 (undertake) the task of being the first group of Al high education pilot program 68 introducing the textbook in the curriculum. “The AI sector is facing a talent shortage 69 (global). The publication of the book is 70 breakthrough as it takes AI technology out of the ‘Ivory tower’ and makes it part of high school learning,” said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. 【答案】 61．was published 62．to include 63．named 64．scholars 65．practical 66．who 67．have undertaken 68．by 69．globally 70．a 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国首本面向高中学生的人工智能教科书于上周出版，其中包括在中小学开设人工智能课程。文章还介绍了这本书的编写和重要意义。 61．考查时态语态。句意：根据中央政府的一项计划，中国首本面向高中学生的人工智能教科书于上周出版，其中包括在中小学开设人工智能课程。主语textbook与谓语publish构成被动关系，根据后文可知,为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was published。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据中央政府的一项计划，中国首本面向高中学生的人工智能教科书于上周出版，其中包括在中小学开设人工智能课程。此处为短语a plan to do sth.表示“做某事的计划”，不定式作后置定语。故填to include。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：该教材共九章，名为《人工智能基础》，由华东师范大学MOOC研究中心和人工智能初创公司Sense Time共同编写，由全国知名院校的优秀学者撰写。分析句子结构可知，name在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语textbook构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填named。 64．考查名词的数。句意：该教材共九章，名为《人工智能基础》，由华东师范大学MOOC研究中心和人工智能初创公司Sense Time共同编写，由全国知名院校的优秀学者撰写。scholar为可数名词，根据后文“from well-known schools nationwide”可知，用复数形式。故填scholars。 65．考查形容词。句意：“这本教材不仅关注人工智能的基础知识，还关注人工智能在日常生活中的实际应用，”华东师范大学教授陈玉坤表示，他也是该书的作者之一。修饰后文名词use，应用形容词practical，作定语。故填practical。 66．考查定语从句。句意：“这本教材不仅关注人工智能的基础知识，还关注人工智能在日常生活中的实际应用，”华东师范大学教授陈玉坤表示，他也是该书的作者之一。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chen Yukun，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 67．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，全国40多所高中在课程中引进了该教材，成为首批Al高等教育示范项目。根据上文Up till now可知，应用现在完成时，主语为about 40 high schools，助动词用have。故填have undertaken。 68．考查介词。句意：到目前为止，全国40多所高中在课程中引进了该教材，成为首批Al高等教育示范项目。后跟动名词作宾语，表方式应用介词by。故填by。 69．考查副词。句意：“全球人工智能领域正面临人才短缺。这本书的出版是一个突破，它将人工智能技术带出了‘象牙塔’，使其成为高中学习的一部分，”香港中文大学教授林大华表示。修饰动词face，应用副词globally，作状语。故填globally。 70．考查冠词。句意：“全球人工智能领域正面临人才短缺。这本书的出版是一个突破，它将人工智能技术带出了‘象牙塔’，使其成为高中学习的一部分，”香港中文大学教授林大华表示。breakthrough为可数名词，此处为泛指“一个突破”，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) Ⅲ.应用文写作 71．（21-22高二上·吉林长春·阶段练习）随着科学技术的进步，人工智能技术在生活多领域广泛应用，请以“Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence?”为题写一篇议论文，并包含如下内容： 1. 人工智能技术使人们生活更加便利； 2. 人工智能机器人可帮助人类完成危险工作； 3. 人工智能技术的弊端； 4. 阐述自己的观点。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2.  标题已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 advocate: 支持，提倡    facial recognition: 人脸识别 Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence? Nowadays, with the development of technology, artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly popular. It is universally acknowledged that AI plays an important role in our daily lives. On the one hand, I have strong grounds for believing that AI such as face recognition makes our lives much more convenient and safer. What’s of great importance is that AI like some robots can also do things that are too difficult or dangerous for people to do. Take the snake robots for example, they are able to get to places that people can’t go to and rescue people who were buried under the buildings in the earthquake. On the other hand, with AI taking the place of people in some industries, it will be more difficult for people to get jobs to make a living. What’s more, it is because AI doesn’t have feelings or thoughts that some work will not be finished perfectly when they encounter some accidents. Personally, every coin has two sides. There is no doubt that AI makes a big difference to our life in some ways, but it also has some weaknesses. Only when we make good use of it, can it bring us great benefits. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。随着科学技术的进步，人工智能技术在生活多领域广泛应用，本文要求考生以“Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence?”为题写一篇议论文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 取代：take the place of→replace 利用：make good use of→take advantage of 重要的：important→vital 此外：what’s more→besides 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：On the other hand, with AI taking the place of people in some industries, it will be more difficult for people to get jobs to make a living. 拓展句：On the other hand, it will be more difficult for people to get jobs to make a living because AI is taking the place of people in some industries. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It is universally acknowledged that AI plays an important role in our daily lives. (运用了it作形式主语that引导主语从句) [高分句型2] What’s more, it is because AI doesn’t have feelings or thoughts that some work will not be finished perfectly when they encounter some accidents. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 72．（23-24高二上·陕西宝鸡·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY? This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologized for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon. On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities. 注意： 1. 续写段落不少于150个词； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇： the Internet keep in touch  social media health monitor Paragraph 1: On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media. Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 【导语】本文以“我们应该抵制新技术吗”为线索展开，作者通过无人驾驶汽车发生车祸引起很多人对这项新技术持否定态度引出话题。一方面，有的人确实可以在没有新技术的情况下仍然生活得更好；另一方面新技术也给各地的人们带来了很多好处。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“另一方面，新技术多年来为世界各地的人们提供了许多好处。例如，”可知，第一段可描写新技术给世界各地带来好处的例子，比如最新的天气跟踪计算机程序给人们许多关于潜在自然灾害的警告。还有互联网，使人们联系子在一起。 ②由第二段首句内容“就我个人而言，我从技术进步中获益匪浅。”可知，第二段可描写“我”对新技术的看法。 2.续写线索：新技术有很多好处——举例子说明——表达“我”对新技术的看法 3.词汇激活行为类 ①保持联系：keep in touch/stay in touch/keep contact ②看待：look on/view ③抵制：resist/boycott 情绪类 ①吓人的：scary/frightening 【点睛】[高分句型1] For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives.（由关系词which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.（由关系词which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型3] Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect.（由when引导的时间状语从句） ( 9 / 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit1 Science Fiction【单元测试 · 提升卷】（原卷版） -2024-2025学年高二英语单元速记·巧练（人教版2019选择性必修四册） (满分：150分　时间：120分钟) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 一、听力选择题 （21-22高三下·海南省直辖县级单位·阶段练习）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 1．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Photographer and client. C．Repairman and customer. 2．What is the man going to do first? A．Get a new computer. B．Learn to set up the cloud. C．Ask about a copy of some photographs. （24-25高三上·江苏无锡·期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 3．How long did the woman’s presentation last? A．10 minutes. B．20 minutes. C．30 minutes. 4．What was the man’s last suggestion to the woman? A．To change the order of the data. B．To offer copies of the slides. C．To reduce the delivery speed. 5．How did the woman probably look during the presentation? A．Calm. B．Excited. C．Nervous. （24-25高二上·全国·单元测试）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What has made working at home possible? A．Living far from workplaces. B．Communication industry. C．More job opportunities. 7．What is the advantage of working at home according to the woman? A．Saving more time. B．Having a lot of freedom. C．Taking care of the family easily. 8．What might happen in the future in the woman’s opinion? A．British company will move overseas. B．All companies will employ home workers. C．People will work at home for a foreign company. （24-25高二上·四川德阳·期中）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 9．Where does Mark usually read news now? A．In a newspaper. B．In a magazine. C．On the Internet. 10．What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A．It has a small glass window. B．It can make a pizza in a short time. C．It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 11．What does the woman think of the machine? A．It is quite necessary. B．It might not be popular. C．It will certainly succeed. 12．What is an advantage of the machine? A．The 24-hour service. B．Tasty pizza made by it. C．The low production cost. （21-22高一上·江苏苏州·期中）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 13．When was the hospital mentioned in the speech completed? A．On January 23rd. B．On February 2nd. C．On March 3rd. 14．What is true according to the speech? A．The new generation maglev train can reach a top speed of 160 km per hour. B．The Tianhe-1 supercomputer has a 60-percent increase in its processing speed. C．The 5G network can download movies within minutes. 15．How many examples does the speaker mentioned to support him? A．5. B．4. C．3. 16．What is the topic of the speech? A．China speed. B．China’s long history. C．China’s economic strength. （24-25高三上·云南昆明·阶段练习）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 17．Where does Mark usually read news now? A．In a newspaper. B．In a magazine. C．On the Internet. 18．What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A．It has a small glass window. B．It can make a pizza in a short time. C．It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 19．What does the woman think of the machine? A．It might not be popular. B．It is quite necessary. C．It will certainly succeed. 20．What is an advantage of the machine? A．The 24-hour service. B．Tasty pizza made by it. C．The low production cost. 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A （2024·江苏·模拟预测）What are Minecraft server OP levels? OP is short for Operator. In Minecraft servers, Operators are players that were given special permissions and are allowed to run commands, perform specific restricted actions and make other regular players become Operators themselves. One server can have multiple Operators. Let’s see how they work. Minecraft server OP levels Since the 1. 7 patch, in Minecraft servers there are 4 different levels of Operators, from level 1 to level 4. Each level has the powers of all the levels below. So if you are a level 3 Operator, you can do what level 1 and 2 Operators are able to do, but you can’t do what a level 4 Operator can. Level 1 Operator A level 1 Operator can bypass spawn protection. Usually in Minecraft servers you are not allowed to modify the spawn area: you can’t destroy any block or place any new block in the spawn area. An OP level 1 doesn’t have this restriction. This is very useful for a server owner when they need help to build the spawn area without using map editors. This way they don’t need to trust too many players with special privileges. No special commands are assigned to level 1 Operators. Level 2 Operator An A level 2 Operator in Minecraft can manipulate game mechanics extensively through a wide array of commands, akin to using cheats in singleplayer mode, excluding direct interaction with other players. This includes managing advancements, attributes, entities, blocks, game modes, difficulty settings, effects, experience, structures, items, sounds, scores, world properties, and more, but does not grant authority over player-specific actions. Level 3 Operator A Level 3 Operator can execute all Level 2 Operator commands and additionally manage player access through banning, kicking, op-ing, and modifying whitelist settings, effectively controlling player interactions and privileges on the server. Level 4 Operator The sole distinction between a Level 3 and a Level 4 Operator lies in the latter’s additional capability to execute specific commands, including /classroommode, /publish, /save-all, /save-off, /save-on, and /stop, which enable modification of server functions. That concludes our overview on Minecraft server operator levels. Bear in mind, servers typically feature predefined operator levels. Should you wish to adjust these levels, reaching out to the server owner is usually necessary. For those contemplating launching a free Minecraft server, Aternos might pique your interest. If so, click the article Is ATERNOS safe? 21．Among the listed Minecraft server OP levels, which one possesses the supreme level of permissions on a Minecraft server? A．Level 1 Operator B．Level 2 Operator C．Level 3 Operator D．Level 4 Operator 22．What the reason Level 1 Operators are unable to demolish existing blocks or construct new ones? A．Itsn’t subject to this restriction. B．Its disastrous fire. C．Its increasing population. D．Its economic growth. 23．Where did this article come from? A．A Website B．A news C．A magazine D．A recipe B （21-22高二下·辽宁·阶段练习）A small team of researchers has found that battery-powered trains could become economical as soon as 2023. The group argues that improved battery technology and cheap, renewable energy could soon allow battery power to compete with common fuel to power trains. Most of the goods trains in the U. S. run on common fuel, spewing about 0.6 percent of total U. S. carbon emissions. In this new effort, the researchers suggest that switching to battery power could prevent these emissions. Electric trains in the U. S. get their power from overhead lines — a system that is expensive and inefficient. The team suggests that batteries could provide a better option; more specifically, they claim that a single locomotive equipped with a 14-megawatt battery system would be enough to replace a train powered by a common fuel engine. They further claim that such a locomotive could carry a train about 240 kilometers on a single charge. This would consume half the energy of a common-powered train. And if the battery is charged using a renewable resource, it would reduce the carbon footprint of an electric train to zero. Most current common fuel locomotives actually run-on electricity — the common fuel is used to power onboard generators. Thus, all that would be needed for most locomotives would be to replace the generators and add a boxcar just behind the locomotive to carry a large battery. Adding more boxcars with batteries would increase the range of the train. The batteries could be charged at designated stops, provided fast-chargers for such large batteries are developed. As an alternative, battery-carrying boxcars could be changed for fresh ones at designated stops, greatly reducing wait times. The researchers believe that at least for the near future, operating costs would be somewhat higher for battery-powered trains, but they suggest the environmental improvements would make it worth it. 24．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “spewing” in paragraph 2? A．Taking in. B．Giving off. C．Cutting down. D．Consisting of. 25．What does the third paragraph intend to tell us about electric trains? A．Their advantages. B．Their working process. C．Their travel distance. D．Their carbon footprint. 26．What can we infer about electric trains from this text? A．There are no fast-chargers at present. B．They are powered by overhead lines. C．The locomotives will be carried by a boxcar. D．They are environmentally friendly and economical. 27．Why do researchers advocate electric trains at present? A．For reducing costs. B．For environmental benefits. C．For higher economic efficiency. D．For the convenience of passengers. C （22-23高二上·广西南宁·开学考试）What if a city bench (长凳) could provide a place not just to sit but also to breathe a little easier? That is the idea behind CityTree, a 14-foot-high energy-efficient bench covered with moss (苔藓). CityTree is the invention of Peter Sanger, 29, a gardening expert and the CEO of Green City Solutions. The company seeks to answer a challenging question: How can we bring nature into the city and use its positive effects on the atmosphere at scale? The idea struck Sanger when he learned about the cleaning effects of various plants, particularly moss, as a university student. “That’s what got me excited — finding that the solution to air pollution lies in nature, he says. “After all, nature has millions of years of experience in making air pure (纯净).” From the outside, the CityTree looks like a bench with a tower covered in moss. But inside is a fully automated system that provides enough water for moss to grow. The built-in IOT (物联网) technology monitors its performance and conditions, as well as providing environmental data from the surrounding area. According to Green City Solutions, the CityTree improves the air quality around it by up to 53% and can cool the surrounding air by 4℃. The unit can provide a pleasant period of breathable air in places where people tend to stay.” Think of a bus stop on a busy street, a street cafe, even an inner-city schoolyard.” he says. However, the CityTree is just the beginning. Its next generation is a slimmer model that contains a digital screen on one side and a moss wall on the other. 28．What is the text mainly about? A．An air-cooling product. B．An idea for purer city air. C．Sanger’s life experiences. D．The problems of air pollution. 29．What was Sanger excited to learn about as a university student? A．The application of moss. B．Humans’ dependence on nature. C．Nature’s solution to air pollution. D．The diversity of air-cleaning plants. 30．Where is a CityTree device most likely to be found? A．At the seaside. B．In a rose garden. C．In a street market. D．On top of a mountain. 31．The text is most likely from ________. A．a science magazine B．a travel guide C．a medical journal D．a biology textbook D （21-22高二下·甘肃庆阳·期末）Zhonglin Wang started playing table tennis only four years ago. But last year, he and other researchers came up with a clever way to improve their game: Build a smart table. Now they’ve just introduced a prototype to the public. It can measure where a ball lands, how fast the ball’s going and where it’s headed. The table can do that because its innovative wood surface forms the top layer of a novel self-powered sensor. The data it acquires could help players to perform better, says Wang. Wang is a materials scientist at the Georgia Institute of Technology, in Atlanta. He describes the invention as a machine that can learn to analyze how someone plays. Importantly, the new smart table doesn’t need a battery to detect the ball. When a ball hits the wood, it sets off a chain of events that can both generate a small electric current and record the ball’s behavior. Wang is an expert at inventing devices that provide their own power. In 2012, he invented a triboelectric(摩擦生电的) nano-generator. He calls it TENG, for short. Even if you’ve never heard of “triboelectricity”, you know the phenomenon. Most of us call it static electricity. The first TENG that Wang put together in 2012 looked like a sandwich. It had layers of charged materials separated by a small gap. When the sandwich bent or changed shape, its layered materials rubbed against each other. This caused electrons to start building up on one side. What makes the new game table truly unique is its use of wood as one of the TENG’s layers. As it turns out, Wang explains, “Wood is an excellent triboelectric material.” Building a full-size game table would require a large grid of wood TENGs. Wang says that’s on his drawing board as a project for the future. 32．Why is the new table unusual? A．It can measure the speed of the ball. B．It uses wood as a TENG’s layer. C．It can help players perform better. D．It uses a new steel table surface. 33．Which of the following can probably replace the underlined “detect” in Paragraph 3? A．Stop. B．Start. C．Observe. D．Release. 34．What can we know about TENG? A．It was invented last year. B．It is a scientific phenomenon. C．It functions like a sandwich. D．It’s a device generating power. 35．What can be a best title for the text? A．A Unique Smart Game Table B．A Table Tennis Lover C．Ways to Win a Table Tennis Game D．New Rules for Table Tennis Games Ⅱ.七选五 （22-23高三上·江西·阶段练习）Ponds (池塘) are a common sight. There are different kinds of ponds. 36 Like other kinds of ponds, they can add beauty to a garden or a landscape. The difference is that they’re powered by solar energy. A great pond usually needs an energy source to power up a pump and lights. Without a pump, a pond may hardly receive new clean water. 37 A solar-powered pump helps maintain healthy water quality and enables the addition of fish, if desired. No solar garden pond would be complete without solar-powered lights. They are powered by a free, renewable energy source. This allows us a green life. 38 Strategic placement of lights around a pond will result in a beautiful appearance, both during the day and at night. 39 The solar pump and lights need to get energy from the sun. Placing a pond in direct sunlight increases the growth of algae (藻) in summer. However, placing it in the shade or partial shade may not produce enough solar energy to keep pumps and lights running. If you’ve decided to create such a pond, choose a suitable location for your pond, and consider buying proper solar accessories according to your pond’s location, size and so on. If possible, you can ask professionals for suggestions. 40 A．There are many ways to live a green life. B．The need for inconvenient wiring can be avoided as well. C．Nowadays,there’s a growing interest in solar garden ponds. D．Using solar energy for such ponds is not without limitations. E．That is why clean water is key to the survival of human beings. F．Through your efforts,you are sure to get a beautiful and efficient one in the end. G．The pond may become dirty and smell bad with a lot of mosquitoes flying around. 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （23-24高三上·河南郑州·期末）Space exploration has always been the province of 41 : The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity (创造力) struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three centuries 42 the first manned rockets started to fly. In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too, had a 43 quality. They resonated (共鸣) with optimism and 44 in much the same way as the most famous 45 speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and 46 American society. 47 , in many ways the two dreams ended up 48 each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its 49 . When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand 50 to the Apollo missions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with no 51 . The continuous argument is that 52 are tight, that we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit (赤字), reaching toward the stars seems an unnecessary luxury— 53 saving one-thousandth of a single year’s budget would solve our problems. But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most value for the money spent. They will serve as modern Magellans, 54 out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within 55 of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could 56 . The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us — not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the 57 they produce, but because the two types of dreams support each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans can 58 what were once considered great limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will overcome these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the 59 . The more evidence we collect that our species is 60 greatness, the more we will actually achieve it. 41．A．dreamers B．explorers C．astronomers D．novelists 42．A．after B．before C．until D．while 43．A．realistic B．practical C．attractive D．dreamlike 44．A．reflection B．ambition C．ignorance D．recognition 45．A．inspiring B．public C．dream D．free 46．A．attacked B．industrialized C．transformed D．accessed 47．A．Therefore B．Instead C．Additionally D．However 48．A．in conflict with B．in line with C．in common with D．in pace with 49．A．aims B．damage C．power D．terms 50．A．followup B．breakthrough C．backup D．takeover 51．A．ancestor B．successor C．forefather D．advocate 52．A．situations B．securities C．funds D．schedules 53．A．just like B．so that C．as if D．on condition that 54．A．making B．figuring C．sweeping D．mapping 55．A．reach B．range C．control D．knowledge 56．A．drop behind B．go mainstream C．come to power D．dig out 57．A．productions B．chips C．technologies D．substitutes 58．A．go beyond B．go through C．go after D．go over 59．A．approval B．gratitude C．credit D．commitment 60．A．preferable to B．capable of C．proud of D．convinced of 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ⅱ.语法填空 （21-22高二下·吉林·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first artificial intelligence (AI) textbook for high school students 61 (publish) last week, following a plan by central government 62 (include) AI courses in primary and secondary school. The nine-chapter textbook, 63 (name) “Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence”, was written by outstanding 64 (scholar) from well-known schools nationwide, under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and AI startup Sense Time. It includes the history of AI and how the technology can be applied in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security. “The textbook focuses not only on basics of AI, but on 65 (practice) use of AI in daily life,” said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University, 66 is also a contributor to the book. Up till now, about 40 high schools across the country 67 (undertake) the task of being the first group of Al high education pilot program 68 introducing the textbook in the curriculum. “The AI sector is facing a talent shortage 69 (global). The publication of the book is 70 breakthrough as it takes AI technology out of the ‘Ivory tower’ and makes it part of high school learning,” said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) Ⅲ.应用文写作 71．（21-22高二上·吉林长春·阶段练习）随着科学技术的进步，人工智能技术在生活多领域广泛应用，请以“Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence?”为题写一篇议论文，并包含如下内容： 1. 人工智能技术使人们生活更加便利； 2. 人工智能机器人可帮助人类完成危险工作； 3. 人工智能技术的弊端； 4. 阐述自己的观点。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2.  标题已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 advocate: 支持，提倡    facial recognition: 人脸识别 Should We Advocate Artificial Intelligence? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 72．（23-24高二上·陕西宝鸡·期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY? This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologized for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon. On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century and they will probably be living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities. 注意： 1. 续写段落不少于150个词； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 参考词汇： the Internet keep in touch  social media health monitor Paragraph 1: On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$