2025年外研版中考英语一轮专题复习 现在完成时 课件

现在完成时 Present Perfect Tense 一轮中考英语时态复习 我 经常去柳州。 我去年去了柳州。 我明天去柳州。 我去过柳州。 我经常打篮球。 我昨天打篮球。 我从5岁开始打篮球。 我放学后去打篮球 看一看，比一比，判断下列句子的时态 I often go to Liuzhou. I went to Liuzhou last year. I will go to Liuzhou tomorrow. I've been to Liuzhou. I often play basketball. I played basketball yesterday. I have been playing basketball since I was 5 . I will go to play basketball after school . 现在完成时的主要用法 上一页 下一页 I have closed the door. The door is closed now. (我已经关上门了,对现在造成的结果是:现在门是关着的) I have had breakfast. I am full now. (我已经吃完早餐了,对现在造成的结果是：我已经饱了) 主菜单 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 1.I have lost the key. I can't open the door. 2.I haven’t read that book. I don't know this story. 3.I have cleaned my hands. I can have supper now. already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾. ever: 常用于疑问句句中 2.表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态(还有可能持续到将来) I have been a teacher since two years ago. I have taught here for two years. 一、现在完成时的句式 1. 肯定句式：“主语+have / has+动词的过去分词+其他”。如： They have found the hotel. Sue has visited the Great Wall. 2. 否定句式：“主语+have / has +not+动词的过去分词+其他” (have not 和has not可分别缩写为haven’t和hasn’t)。如： They haven’t found the hotel. Sue hasn’t visited the Great Wall. 3. 一般疑问句式：“Have / Has+主语+动词的 过去分词+其他?”。肯定回答为“Yes, 主语 (人称代词)+have / has.”，否定回答为“No, 主语(人称代词)+haven’t / hasn’t.”。如： (1) —Have they found the hotel? —Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t.     (2) —Has Sue visited the Great Wall? —Yes, she has. / No, she hasn’t. 二、动词过去分词的变化规律 规则动词过去分词的变化规律与规则动词过去式的变化规律相同。 1. 一般动词词尾加-ed。如： work →worked → worked 2. 以“不发音的字母e”结尾的动词后加-d。如： cause → caused → caused 3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y变为i，再加-ed。如： cry → cried → cried 4. 以“元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed。如： plan → planned → planned stop → stopped→stopped 注：不规则动词的过去分词的变化需特别记忆。 e.g.1. be → was/ were → been  2. do →did → done 7. eat→ ate → eaten 3. go→ went → gone 8. see→ saw → seen 4. find→ found → found 9. have→ had → had 5. make→ made → made 10. let→ let → let 6. put→ put → put (P15) 5. Dear David, I am having a wonderful time in China. I’ve done so many things! I’ve__________________________________ __________________________________________________ There’s only one thing I haven’t done : I ______________________________ Bye for now, Rob Things to do in Beijing see the Beijing Opera √ climb the Great Wall × eat Beijing duck √ visit the Palace Museum √ seen the Beijing Opera. I've eaten Beijing duck. I've visited the Palace Museum. haven't climbed the Great Wall. 6. Listen and check (√) the country that the people have been to. (P15) People China the US Winnie Diana Bob √ √ √ 7. Listen again and answer the questions. (P16) 1.How many times has Winnie been to the US? 2. Which country would Diana like to go again? 3. Which part of China has Diana travelled around? 4. How did Diana travel there? 5. Has Bob ever visited Germany? She has been to the US three times. She would like to go to China again. She has travelled around South China. She travelled there by train. Yes, he has. He’s been all over Europe. 8. Complete the passage with the sentences in the box. There is one extra sentence.(P16) a) Call today to find out more! b) Then we will send a gift box from you to your family or friend. c) A tree is also something special for a festival or a new baby. d) Have you ever been to a forest? e) Grow a tree near you! 持续 时间状语 since + 点时间(since 1990,since Monday...) 一段时间+ago for +时间段 She has been a teacher since 2010. She has been a teacher since nine years ago. She has been a teacher for nine years. 主语 + have/ has + 过去分词（pp） 助动词,无意义 现在完成时的结构 I have painted six pictures. 规则动词过去分词的构成 (1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。 　work---worked---worked, visit---visited--visited (2)以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。 　live---lived---lived, move---moved---moved (3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”。 　study---studied---studied, cry---cried---cried (4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母， 再加“ed”。 　stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped---dropped 不规则动词过去分词的构成 类型 原型 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost read read read meet met met catch caught caught ride rode ridden speak spoke spoken drink drank drunk eat ate eaten come came come ABB AAA ABC ABA 结构及变型 肯定句： 主语+have/has+done+其他 否定句： 主语+have/has+not+done+其他 一般疑问句： Have/Has+主语+done+其他? Yes, 主语+have / has. 肯定回答： 否定回答： No, 主语+haven’t / hasn’t. 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+done+其他? 否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯/否定回答： 否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯/否定回答： 对划线部分提问： 对划线部分提问： I have finished my homework. I haven’t finished my homework. Have you finished your homework? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t. What have you finished? She has had lunch. She hasn’t had lunch. Has she had lunch? Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t. What has she had? 1. have been to… 去过（已经回来，常跟次数连用） 2. have gone to… 去了（还没回来） They have been to England twice. —Where’s Lisa? —She has gone to Beijing. 3. have been in… 在…待了一段时间（跟时间段连用） Lily has been in China for 5 years. 特殊结构 have been to, have gone to, have been in 用have been to, have gone to, have been in填空 1) -- I can’t find Jim. Where is he? -- He has _____to the library. 2) She has_____ to the zoo, and she will be back in 2 hours. 3) I have _____to the Great Wall. Look, I have taken many photos there . 4) Tom has_____ to Jenny’s home, but he hasn’t come back. 5) I have______ to Hong Kong twice. 6) The Whites have been ____ China since 2008. gone gone been gone in been 由for或since引导的表示一段时间的时间状语,短暂性动词要转换成延续性动词。 改错 1. I have bought this book for three days. I have had this book for three days. 2. His brother has borrowed these books since last week. His brother has kept these books since last week. 特殊用法 常用短暂性动词转化为延续性动词： 1. 动词变 动词 borrow→keep, buy→have, become →be, make friends→be friends, catch a cold→ have a cold ①I _________ this bike for a week. (buy) ②Mary _________this book since last Monday. (borrow) 2. 动词变为 “be + adj./adv.” begin/start→be on, close→be closed, open→be open, get married→be married, finish/end→be over, fall ill→be ill, die→be dead , fall asleep →be asleep ①The film ___________ for 10 minutes.(begin) ②They _________________ since they came to Handan. (get married) 3. 动词变为 “be + 介词 短语” join—→be in/be a member of, put on→ be in He _____________ __________the army for 3 years.(join) have had has been on have been married has kept has been in/has been a member of 1.都表示过去发生的事。 2.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态，强调过去动作,不强调对现在无影响。 常见时间状语有：yesterday, in 1980, just now,等具体的时间状语。 3.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在； 常见时间状语有：for, since, already, yet, recently, 等不确定的时间状语。 present past I have lived there for twelve years. (所以我对周围环境很熟悉) I lived there 5 years ago. · · 2010 2022 和过去时态的区别及联系 请大家认真分析比较下列各例句： I saw this film yesterday. （只说明动作发生在过去。） I have seen this film. I think it is boring.（强调对现在影响，电影 的内容已经知道）　 She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回来的。） She has returned from Paris. She is at home now. （她已从巴黎回来了。现在在家。） He joined the Party three years ago.　( 三年前入党，joined为 短暂行为。) He has been in the Party for three years. (在党内的状态可延续) Exercises 1.—These farmers have been to the United States. —Really ? When ___ there ? Ａ. will they go 　　　 Ｂ. did they go 　 Ｃ. do they go 　　　　Ｄ. have they gone 2.—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago . Ａ. Did ; do ; finished 　 B. Have ; done ; finished Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished 　 Ｄ. Will ; do ; finish 3. —Can I speak to Mr. Black? —Sorry. He ______ the Congtai Park. A. has been to B. went to C. has gone to D. will go to 4. —____ you ever ____ to the UK? —Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Were, going C. Do, go D. Have, been Exercises 5. His father ______ the Party since 1978. Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in 6.—Do you know him well ? —Sure. We _________ friends since ten years ago. Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made 7.The last time I______ to the cinema was two years ago. A. go B. have gone C. have been D. went 8.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew Exercises 1. She has done her homework. (改否定句) 2. She has already told us the news. (改否定句) 3. The rain has already stopped. (改一般疑问句) 4. I have waited here for two hours. (划线提问) 5.He has lived in Shanghai since he left Beijing. (划线提问) 6. They have bought a new car, ______ __________? (反义疑问句) 7. She has learned French since 2020. (同义句) She has learned French ______ 2 years. She has learned French _______ 2 years __________. She hasn’t done her homework. She hasn’t told us the news yet. Has the rain stopped yet? How long have you waited here ? haven’t they for since ago Where has he lived since he left Beijing? 按要求改变句子。 Topic: My favourite subject 1. What’s your favourite subject？ 2. Why do you like it?(至少3点) 3. How can we learn it well?(至少2点) Composition 开篇 Of all the subjects, I like…best. My favourite subject is… 说明具体喜欢理由 I am good at … …is fun for everyone. I learn about…in… … 学习的方法 It is the best way to do… Teachers told us to do… … I have seven subjects. Of all the subjects, English is my favourite. I like English , because I am good at it. Second, English is interesting, and I can learn about different countries of the world. Third, English is not only fun but also useful. It is important for us to learn English well. Some students think English is hard. Our teacher tells us to use it every day. I think reading is also a good way to learn English. In a word, work hard, and you will be much better at it. Thank You 68491.93 65774.93 $$