2025年浙江省中考英语一轮复习第十讲

英语学科讲义 学员编号： 年 级：九年级 课 时 数： 2 学员姓名: 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： Jack（章老师） 授课类型 中考知识和题型讲解 专题 能力 ( 学习目标：1.掌握阅读题型推理题的解题技巧 2.学习形容词的比较级和最高级 3. 以浙江单拼中考题为文本，掌握中考常考单词 ) ( 推理题的解题技巧 )（大脑放电影~） 推理题: 考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。   推理题是阅读理解部分的一项重要内容。这类题要求考生脱离字面理解的局限，透过文章的字里行间，对作者的话进行推理判断，从而获得对文章的深层理解。 推理题的答案往往在文章的字面上不会出现，必须依据已有信息来进行推理，不能脱离原文去主观臆断。因此，在做推理题时，必须从原文里找到推断的依据。 中考英语试题中的推断题很多，包括的面也很大。 其类型主要有以下几种： (1)事实推断：这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。 (2)逻辑推断： 这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景，人物的表情，动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感觉。 (3)对作者的意图和态度的推断：这类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推理的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。  推理题的提问形式主要有： (1) We can learn from this passage that… (2) We can conclude from the passage that… (3) It can be seen from the passage that… (4) What is the real meaning of the doctors’ words? (5) Many visitors come to the writer’s city to ________. (6) Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _____. (7) Why did the writer get off the train two stops before Vienna station? ( 课堂检测 )（你都掌握了没有呢~~~） Abby’s Lesson ① When talking about obeying rules, Abby will never forget her experience with her father and her pet Tobias, a small mouse at the airport years ago. ② One day, Abby’s father was taking her to visit her grandmother and they are not allowed to take a mouse into another country. It was a rule. But Abby put the mouse into her sock in her bag secretly without telling her dad. When they arrived at the airport, they had to be checked by the X-ray machine. Abby felt her legs shaking and her heart beating fast. Unexpectedly, they passed. ③ On the plane, Abby opened up the bag after her dad and the woman next to her fell asleep. Tobias was excited to jump out from the bag. He landed upside down on the woman’s knee. The woman screamed loudly so that many people on the plane heard the voice. At that moment, Abby put Tobias into her bag quickly. But her dad didn’t know at all but slept. ④ After they landed, Abby’s dad ticked (打勾) NO on a paper to: “Are you bringing any live animals into the country?” But a man at the X-ray machine asked Abby to open her bag. Abby had to open and pulled out the sock. Then the man led Abby and her father into a small, dark room. There were some people in uniforms. Tobias was in the sock on the desk. One police officer talked to Abby’s dad. “This is very serious, ” he said, “You have tried to smuggle (偷运) an animal into this country and you have lied on the paper. ” “It’s my fault, ” Abby said in a small voice, “Dad didn’t know I had Tobias. ” The police officer stared at her, “What’s your name? Have you ever been in trouble before?” Abby opened her mouth, but no sound came out. At last, her dad had to pay a big fine ( 罚 款 ) for what Abby did. It cost a lot of money. And Tobias had to go into quarantine (隔离检疫) for six months. ⑤ It must be a real lesson for Abby. From then on, she never breaks the rules any more. （ ）What lesson can we learn from Abby’s experience? A. We should take care of our pets. B. We should obey the public rules. C. We mustn’t tell our parents secrets. D. We mustn’t take pets to the airport. When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum after her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, “Do you have the address?” “No, but I’ll know it, there was a picture in the magazine.” “Oh, stop. There it is!” We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and looked at us. “May I help you?” a man, whom I supposed to be a guide, asked. “No,” I said. “We’re fine.” Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall kept their eyes on me in surprise. What was their problem? I saw some nice paintings in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where do you think you are?” he asked. I turned quickly. “The McNay Art Museum!” He smiled, shaking his head. “Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.” “What’s this place?” I was shocked. “It’s our home.” I called out, “Sally! Come down immediately!” “There’re some really good art works up there.” She stepped down. I pushed her out, waving at the family, “Sorry, but you have a really nice place.” Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she laughed. Thirty years later, a woman came to me in a public place. “Excuse me, did you ever enter a home, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?” “Yes. But how do you know?” “That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that.” （ ）What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Everyone is supposed to learn history to enjoy life. B. Everyone is expected to educate kids at a museum. C. People may be blind to the beauty around them. D. People must spend more time with their family. Whenever Fm invited to somebody's house for the first time, I'll take a close look at their bookshelves. What they keep on their shelves, in my eyes, is a reflection （反映）of their personal tastes and interests. The books on a bookshelf tell the story of a life. My own shelves are a kind of roadmap through my life, telling a chronological tale. First up come my favorite childhood reads, like Watership Down and His Dark Materials. The collection then moves on to teenage things I read in school — Nineteen Eighty-Four, The Handmaid's Tale and A Clockwork Orange. Finally, we come out of full-time education and enter the real world, and this part is a reflection of my professional （职业的）life, from the first exciting days of work experience to the present. If you pointed to any book on my shelves, I could name the year I got it, where I was working, and probably where I was living at the time. Book collections tell so much about a person. It is an easy way to get to know about his hopes, dreams and interests. And a big part of that story is how we arrange （排列）our books, and get on with them. Ifs such a personal thing, different from each other. Some want to be with their books in every room, others have them on shelves, behind glass or simply lining their floors. Each home has a story to tell through the way they live with their books. It's often said that what we read says something about who we are. The way we fill our bookshelves might also send a message about ourselves. From the pile of books on your bedside table to your well-organized shelves, whether we notice it or not, our book collections are telling a story before a single page has been turned. （ ）The writer seems to agree that ____________. A. we'd better not put our books on the floor B. the way we arrange our books shows our tastes C. the books at our bedside are usually more important D. we can know about a person by reading the message he sends （ ）It can be learned from the passage that the writer is probably__________. A. a book lover B. a story teller C. a shelf collector D. a fashion designer     Mark Zuckerberg, who starts the social network Facebook, often wears jeans and a T-shirt to work, including to important business meetings. Not everyone agrees with him. Some people say he doesn't look serious this way.     Harvard Business School researcher, Francesca Gino, has a different idea. While most people seem to think that dressing differently from those around you generally has a bad influence, she believes it can actually have a positive (积极的) effect. And she's done experiments to support her idea. When her researchers, wearing sportswear, visited the expensive shops in Italy, they were usually viewed as wealthier and more important people than those who were well-dressed in designer clothes.     Do people always view less formal (正式的) clothing more positively? Researchers in France took their research out into the street, to the general public. The video they made shows an actor dressed in a well-cut suit and shiny shoes. While walking along the road, he begins to cough badly, stops to catch his breath and falls down. Before he even calls for help, people rush to help him. In another video, the actor appears at the same crowded place and repeats the actions in exactly the same way. But this time, no one comes to help. What's the difference? He's wearing untidy clothes and looks like a homeless person. In a situation like this, the clothes you're wearing could mean the difference between life and death.     It seems that our clothing doesn't only change the way others view us, but also the way we see ourselves. In an experiment testing students' ability to pay attention to details (细节), the group wearing white lab coats did the best. Why? Researchers told them that they were wearing the doctors' coats. The experiment didn't show whether such influences would last long. More experiments are needed in the future before we decide to make the doctors' coats a must of fashion. （ ）What can we learn from the passage? A. What we wear makes a difference.                 B. Formal clothing makes a wise man. C. Our value depends on what we wear.             D. Our clothing influences our characters. When our son Bradley was ten， the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was stolen． Owning a bicycle was a big deal to our children when they were little． They spent hours and hours， day after day， on their bicycles， riding up and down the footpath， and at the front of the house． We also rode together as a family a lot． Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air without spending any money． Bradley had discovered that his bicycle had been stolen from our backyard in Campbelltown， South Australia， when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride． He couldn't believe that someone would do this． He got a large piece of cardboard painted a sign begging for the bicycle to be returned and tied the sign to the letterbox． The following morning， when I went out to collect the mail， I found a white envelope with the magical words， " Buy yourself a new bicycle"． There was a ￥100banknote inside． We were very touched that someone had the heart to do this． We've never been able to thank the person but we suspect（猜想）that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbours． Bradley painted a big" " on the sign and we left it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards， hoping the kind stranger would drive down our street． A delighted Bradley was able to buy a new bicycle． As the years went on， the bicycles became bigger and more expensive but remained just as important for those family bicycle rides． Now Bradley is 25． Sometimes I miss the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them． All these years later we are still thankful for the strangers kindness． We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us． We still talk about it and， even now， wonder who the kind stranger was （ ）From the action of the stranger， we can learn that A． love builds a warm family B． a special memory lasts long C． happiness makes a better life D． a kindness helps others a lot ( 单拼做题技巧巧 )（总结一下你的收获吧~ ） 1. 多积累平时练习中的单拼题和阅读理解中反复出现的中考高频词汇 2. 掌握记忆单词拼写和中文意思的记忆方法 3. 从已知词汇出发，推测整句话的意思进而决定填哪个单词 4. 在填词时要注意单词的形式是否需要变化 ( 课堂检测 )（大脑放电影~） 根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母, 在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确、完全形式(每空限填一词)。 1. There are f __________ students on the playground, twenty girls and twenty boys. 2. My birthday is in A____________, while my brother’s is in August. 3. Our class starts at 8:00 in the morning and f___________ at 5:00 in the afternoon. 4. While Mom was c___________ the bananas into pieces, I turned on the blender. 5. — Excuse me, may I use your bicycle? M_________ is broken. — Certainly. 6. With China’s development, Chinese is w__________ used in the world now. 7. We went for a walk e__________ my sister because she’d like to watch TV at home. 8. Please reply before Friday and tell me w_________ you can come to my party or not. 9. You can never i ___________ how I worried about you just now! You almost got hit! 10. Mr. White thinks that the most v___________ work on today’s show will be a Picasso drawing. ( 语法知识 )（你都掌握了没有呢~~~） 形容词与副词的比较级 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。 1．规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词末尾加-er，-est tall（高的） great（巨大的） taller greater tallest greatest 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节 词只加-r，-st nice（好的） large（大的） nicer larger nicest largest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅 音字母，再加-er，-est big（大的） hot（热的） bigger hotter biggest hottest “以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er， -est easy（容易的） busy（忙的） easier busier easiest busiest 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-est clever（聪明的） narrow（窄的） cleverer narrower cleverest narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级 important（重要的） easily（容易地） more important more easily most important most easily 2．不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good（好的）well（健康的） better best bad（坏的）ill（有病的） worse worst old（老的） older/elder oldest/eldest much/many（多的） more most little（少的） less least far（远的） farther/further farthest/furthest 注意：双音节副词的比较级一般在前加 more/最高级在前加 most： more loudly, clearly, quietly/ most clearly, quietly, loudly. 但是，friendly 和healthy是形容词他们 的比较是：friendlier 和healthier. 最高级是：friendliest, healthiest talented, crowded 的比较级都是在前加more。more talented, more crowded, 句子结构： 1.A+ be动词/谓语动词+形容词/副词的比较级+than+B 2.A+ be动词/谓语动词+as+形容词/副词的原级+as +B 3.A+ be动词/谓语动词+not+as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as +B 4. the+比较级……；the+比较级…… 越……就越…… Eg: The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have. 5. 比较级 and 比较级 表示越来越…… Eg: It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes. 注：much, a little 修饰比较级，用在比较级之前。 形容词转化为副词的规则 1. 一般情况 直接加ly quick-quickly 2. 辅音字母+y结尾 把y变i，再加ly easy-easily 3. le结尾 去e加ly possible-possibly probable-probably 4. 元音字母+e结尾 去e加ly true-truly 5. ll结尾 只加y full-fully 6. ic结尾 加ally basic-basically ( 课堂 检测 )（真金不怕火炼） 用适当形式填空： 1. Bob is _________ (young) than Fred but ___________ (tall) than Fred. 2. Ying Tian is not as ___________ (tall) as Yong Xian. 3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______ (fat) than before the holidays, 4.Which is _________ (heavy),a hen or a chicken? 5.-- How _________ (tall) is Sally? -- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What about Xiaoling? -- She' s only 1.40 metres ________ (tall). She is much _______ (short) than Sally. She is also the _______ (short) girl in the class. 6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _________ (bad) at English. 7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind) person in the world. 8. He is one of the_________(friendly) people in the class, I think. 9. A dictionary is much _________ (expensive) than a story-book. 10. An orange is a little ______ (big) than an apple, but much ________ (small) than a watermelon. 11. The Chang jiang River is the _______ (long) river in China. 12. Sue is a little ________ (beautiful) than her sister. 13. My room is not as _________ (big) as my brother' s. 14.--How difficult is physics? --I' m not sure. -- Is it ________ (difficult) than maths? -- I don’t think so. 15. --Annie plays the piano very ___________ (well). -- Sue plays it _____ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the __________ (well). 16. She is (tall）in her class. 17. It’s (comfortable) for you,but it’s also the most dangerous way. ( 回顾小结 )（总结一下你的收获吧~） 课后作业 阅读理解 Every 14 days，another language dies．There are many reasons for this．Some people think more common languages have more economic（经济的）power．Because of this，young people choose to learn a common language as they think it is more useful． Another reason is that some languages aren't written down．Guujaaw is a leader of the Haida Nation， whose people have lived on the Queen Charlotte Islands，Canada，for more than 10,000years．Their language is endangered。 Traditionally，it wasn't written down，and，as a result，some people are worried that it will die one day．Guujaaw replies to this We talk to each other, listen, visit, and believe in the spoken word. Expressing yourself without writing is natural．However，if Guujaaw's language and others like it are going to stay alive，writing may have to become part of their lives． When a language dies，a lot of knowledge dies with it．To begin with，language is a huge part of the culture of the people who speak it．Language allows speakers to say certain things： words that describe a cultural idea may not translate exactly into another language．Furthermore，many endangered languages have rich spoken cultures．Stories，songs and histories are passed on from older people to younger generations （一代）．Elizabeth Lindsey，a language researcher，emphasizes（强调）this．" When an elder dies， a library is burned，" she says Also，language death affects our knowledge about nature Local people often have a deep understanding of plants， animals，and the relationship between them．David Harrison，a researcher on endangered languages，reflects，"80% of plant and animal species（物种） have been undiscovered by science But that doesn't mean they're unknown to humans． Many languages are endangered．However，it's not too late．Children often grow up speaking two languages．"No one becomes richer by giving up one language to learn another，"Harrison said. If children feel both languages are important， they will use both． So，it is necessary that children realize how useful their local language is． （ ）Which of the following is the writers opinion A． People need to use common languages more often． B． The spoken word is more important than the written word C． Children are the hope to stop the local language from dying D． Many animals and plants are in danger because of dying languages． A lot of animals travel from one place to another. We call this migration. In Africa, large animals, like elephants and zebras, migrate to find food and water. They usually follow the same ways every year. A lot of birds migrate to find food and better weather, too. They are usually birds that eat insects. They spend the summer in northern Europe, because there are lots of insects there. In the winter there aren't any insects, so the birds fly south to southern Europe and Africa. Some insects migrate, too. In North America, millions of monarch butterflies fly south to spend the winter in Mexico, California and Florida, where it's warmer. They travel 50-65 km each day and they travel about 1, 125 km. Some fish migrate to breed (繁殖). Salmon (鲑鱼) can swim over 20, 000 km in their life. They are born in rivers in Ireland, Scotland and other places in northern Europe. The young fish swim down the river to the sea and into the Atlantic Ocean. They live in the ocean until they are adults. Then they return to the river where they were born. They lay their eggs in the river and then they usually die. Salmon do this, because their eggs are safer in the river. Other fish can't eat them. Arctic terns (北极燕鸥) travel the furthest when they migrate. They spend the summer in the Arctic, but when winter comes they fly to the Antarctic, because it's summer there. The next year they fly back to the Arctic again. In one year these small birds travel 36, 000km from one end of the earth to the other and back again. Nobody knows how they do it. （ ）1. According to the passage, monarch butterflies in North America migrate to___________. A. find insects B. look for water C. find better weather D. produce young （ ）2. Adult salmon swim back to the river because A. they won't be eaten by other big fish B. they want to lay eggs in a safer place C. they are getting ready to die there D. they want to go where they grew up （ ）3. Which of the following is true about animals' migration? A. Elephants in Africa usually travel the same way each year. B. Most birds fly to southern Europe and Africa in summer. C. Some insects travel 1, 125 km each day. D. Salmon swim 20, 000 km each year. （ ）4. The example of Arctic terns in the last paragraph is used mainly to show _________. A. the distance of migration B. the purpose of migration C. the direction of migration D. the time of migration 用适当的形式填空 1. Saturday is my _________ (busy) day in a week. 2. Her mother is getting ____________(fat) and ________ (fat). 3. I think it’s too expensive. I’d like a _____________ (cheap) one. 4. He comes to school much ____________ (early) than I. 5.This book is not as _____________ (interesting) as that one. 6. Your classroom is __________(wide) and _________(bright) than ours. 7. Practice as __________ (much) as you can. 8. The ________ (much), the ____________ (good). 9. Nowadays English is _________( important ) than any other subject, 1 think. 10. Most of the students think a lion is much ________(dangerous) than a bear and it is the __________ (dangerous) animal in the world. 11.The picture is (beautiful) in the museum. 12.It’s (fast) train in the world. ( 2 ) ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$