精品解析：北京市通州区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末测试英语试题

通州区2024—2025学年第一学期高二年级期末质量检测 英语试卷 2025年1月 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Rene Compean had never thought that his venturing along a new path would put himself in big trouble. With only a bar of signal and less than ten percent ____1____ remaining on his cell phone, Compean was unprepared for anything more than the two-hour journey he’d planned. “SOS. My phone is going to die. I’m lost,” he ____2____ a friend, attaching a photo showing where he was. Sixty miles away, Ben Kuo was working at home when he read a social media post. The local search-and-rescue teams had spent the previous night ____3____ locating Compean, so they released the photo to the public, hoping someone might know the location. Kuo works in the tech industry, and he has always loved ____4____ where photos are taken. He frequently tries to ____5____ where movie scenes, television shows, or commercials were filmed. And he is often successful. When he saw the blurry (模糊的) image of Compean’s legs surrounded by an endless landscape of rocks and plants, he ____6____ pulled up a satellite map on his laptop. Compean’s car was parked near a campground, so he ____7____ his search to the surrounding area. After comparing the photo to the satellite map, Kuo realized he must be on the south side that was much like the environment in the image. The ____8____ step was cross-referencing (交叉验证) the original photo with 3-D images of the area from a satellite map. The locations ____9____! Soon, a search-and-rescue team helicopter found Compean. “Ben’s help allowed us to get to that location much sooner than we probably would have,” the rescue team said in the press release afterward. Kuo said, “I had never thought my unusual hobby could make a big _____10_____ to others.” 1. A. networks B. battery C. storage D. fuel 2. A. called B. ordered C. texted D. lost 3. A. unsuccessfully B. encouragingly C. hopefully D. merely 4. A. keeping up with B. chatting about C. making up for D. looking for 5. A. visit B. paint C. identify D. collect 6. A. immediately B. hardly C. carefully D. potentially 7. A. preferred B. narrowed C. stopped D. slowed 8. A. difficult B. interesting C. unexpected D. final 9. A. appeared B. missed C. matched D. conflicted 10. A. success B. difference C. day D. adventure 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Rene Compean在探险中迷路，手机电量殆尽之际，通过社交网络求助，最终被一位爱好地理定位的网友成功定位并获救的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Compean的手机只有一格信号，电池剩余不足10%，除了原定的两小时行程外，他对任何事情都毫无准备。A. networks网络；B. battery电池；C. storage储存；D. fuel燃料。根据下文“remaining on his cell phone, Compean was unprepared for anything more than the two-hour journey he’d planned”可知，由于准备不足，Compean的手机电池剩余不足10%。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“SOS。我的手机快没电了。我迷路了，”他给一个朋友发短信，并附上了一张他当时所在位置的照片。A. called呼叫；B. ordered命令；C. texted发短信；D. lost丢失。根据下文“a friend, attaching a photo showing where he was”可知，Compean是给朋友发了短信，并附上一张所在位置的照片。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当地搜救队在前一晚未能成功找到Compean，所以他们把照片公布给了公众，希望有人能知道位置。A. unsuccessfully不成功地；B. encouragingly鼓励地；C. hopefully有希望地；D. merely仅仅。根据下文“so they released the photo to the public, hoping someone might know the location”可知，当地搜救队把照片公布给了公众，希望有人能知道位置，因此他们前一晚是未能成功找到Compean。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Kuo在科技行业工作，他一直喜欢寻找拍照的地方。A. keeping up with跟上；B. chatting about闲聊；C. making up for弥补；D. looking for寻找。根据下文描述的Kuo用卫星地图找图片里的位置的一系列操作，以及“where photos are taken”可推知，Kuo是喜欢寻找拍照的地方。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他经常试图识别电影场景、电视节目或商业广告的拍摄地点。A. visit参观；B. paint绘画；C. identify识别；D. collect收集。根据下文描述的Kuo用卫星地图找图片里的位置的一系列操作，以及“where movie scenes, television shows, or commercials were filmed”可推知，Kuo会试图识别这些东西的拍摄地点。故选C。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他看到Compean的腿被无尽的岩石和植物包围的模糊图像时，他立即在笔记本电脑上调出了一张卫星地图。A. immediately立刻；B. hardly几乎不；C. carefully仔细地；D. potentially潜在地。根据上文“so they released the photo to the public, hoping someone might know the location”可知，当地搜救队把照片公布给了公众，希望有人能知道Compean的位置，当时情况很紧急，因此Kuo是立即在笔记本电脑上调出了一张卫星地图。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Compean的车停在一个露营地附近，所以他把搜索范围缩小到周边地区。A. preferred更喜欢；B. narrowed使缩小；C. stopped停止；D. slowed放慢。根据上文“Compean’s car was parked near a campground”可知，Kuo可以根据Compean的车停放的位置，把搜索范围缩小到周边地区。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后一步是将原始照片与卫星地图上该地区的3D图像进行交叉比对。A. difficult困难的；B. interesting有趣的；C. unexpected意外的；D. final最终的。根据下文“The locations ____9____! Soon, a search-and-rescue team helicopter found Compean.”可知，比对结果显示后，搜救队就开始实施救援了，因此将原始照片与卫星地图上该地区的3D图像进行交叉比对是Kuo所做工作的最后一步。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：地点匹配！A. appeared出现；B. missed错过；C. matched匹配；D. conflicted冲突。根据下文“Soon, a search-and-rescue team helicopter found Compean.”可知，搜救队的直升机找到了Compean，因此Kuo找到的地点的3D图像和照片是匹配的。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kuo说：“我从来没有想过我不寻常的爱好会对别人产生很大的影响。”A. success成功；B. difference差异；C. day天；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“Ben’s help allowed us to get to that location much sooner than we probably would have”可知，Ben的帮助使救援队能够比原本更快地到达那个地点，更快地找到了Compean，因此Kuo的爱好是对Compean产生了很大的影响，短语make a difference to意为“对……有影响，对……有重要意义”。故选B。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A city walk is a form of urban tourism with a strong emphasis on digging into the city’s history, culture and landscapes. City walkers are likely to choose a route and move on foot randomly (随机地), ____11____ (seek) out interactions with locals on their way. The appeal of a city walk lies in many aspects. Most ____12____ (obvious), the young generation gradually changes ____13____ (they) attitude toward life, pursuing quality leisure time while they are occupied with demanding workloads, with limited time for exploration. 【答案】11. seeking 12. obviously 13. their 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是城市漫步以及它具有吸引力原因。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：城市漫步者可能会选择一条路线，并随机步行，在他们的途中寻找与当地人的互动。空格处应该用非谓语形式作状语，动词seek与句子的主语city walkers之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词形式seeking作状语。故填seeking。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：最明显的是，年轻一代逐渐改变了他们的生活态度，他们追求高质量的休闲时间，而他们忙于繁重的工作，探索的时间有限。空格处作状语，修饰下文的句子应该用副词形式obviously。故填obviously。 【13题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：最明显的是，年轻一代逐渐改变了他们的生活态度，他们追求高质量的休闲时间，而他们忙于繁重的工作，探索的时间有限。空格处作定语，修饰下文的名词attitude，应该用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 People have always been scared of sharks, but the film Jaws made things ____14____ (bad). Many people who saw the film began to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans. Some people ____15____ (start) fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could. Soon the film writer admitted that his work was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said. Over the years, experts ____16____ (prove) that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake. Only around six people ____17____ (kill) by sharks every year. 【答案】14. worse 15. started 16. have proved##have proven 17. are killed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了电影《大白鲨》使人们对鲨鱼的恐惧加剧，后来电影作家承认描述有误，多年来专家也证明鲨鱼并非把人当食物，只是误攻击人类。 【14题详解】 考查比较级。句意：人们一直都很害怕鲨鱼，但电影《大白鲨》让情况变得更糟。空处作宾语补足语，结合“People have always been scared of sharks”和下文叙述的人们对鲨鱼展开了大肆捕杀可知，这部电影是让情况变得“更糟”，空处应用bad的比较级形式。故填worse。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：许多看了这部电影的人开始相信鲨鱼是吃人的坏动物。空处作句子的谓语，结合前后句内容可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填started。 【16题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，专家们已经证明，鲨鱼并不把人当作食物，它们会错误地攻击我们。空处作句子的谓语，根据“Over the years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，主语experts是复数，助动词应用have。故填have proved/proven。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：每年只有大约6人被鲨鱼杀死。空处作句子的谓语，根据“every year”可知，此处在描述通常性的行为，时态应用一般现在时，kill“杀死”和主语Only around six people之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数意义，be动词应用are。故填are killed。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful. We are special clowns ____18____ work as part of a programme known as “hospital clowning”. I chose this career because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid. Although the doctors and nurses did a great job, hospitals weren’t really designed ____19____ children. When I was there, I spent much of the time ____20____ (feel) frightened and more than a little bored! Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them. 【答案】18. who##that 19. for 20. feeling 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章简要叙述了作者因儿时的就医体验而选择当小丑医生的经历，这让作者可以通过娱乐帮助他人。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我们是特殊的小丑，是“医院小丑”项目的一部分。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词clowns，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that作引导词。故填who/that。 【19题详解】 考查介词。句意：虽然医生和护士做得很好，但医院并不是为儿童设计的。be designed for是固定短语，表示“为……而设计”。故填for。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当我在那里时候，我很多时间都感到害怕和有点无聊！spend time doing sth.是固定用法，表示“花费时间做某事”，空处用feel的动名词形式。故填feeling。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A This handy guide answers all the most frequently asked questions about travelling to Egypt. Paying for Goods and Services As a rule, the best exchange rates are found once you’ve arrived in Egypt — US Dollars, British Pounds and Euros are the easiest currencies to exchange, and you can take cash out at the majority of ATMs. Prices are relatively low in shops and restaurants, and bargaining is the norm in markets — decide how much you want to pay, offer the vendor (小商贩) slightly lower, and then argue and argue until you both agree! Finally, it’s useful to keep small change on you, as tipping is expected in cafes and restaurants, and for guides and taxi drivers. Saving Money on Trips Tour operators often offer bigger prices for their trips. But if you reserve online, you can enjoy prices with a discount of up to 50% compared to traditional agencies. For example, the journey to Abu Simbel from Aswan is often offered for€125 (US $ 143), but here you can buy online for just €70 (US $ 80.10). Etiquette Egypt is a relatively conservative nation, and travelling there — as anywhere — you should do your best to respect local customs and norms to avoid awkward moments or offending anyone. We recommend: ● Dressing modestly: we know it’s hot, but making sure shoulders and knees are covered, especially in rural areas and religious sites, is important. This doesn’t apply when in resorts or on the beach, and larger towns and cities are usually more relaxed. Loose cotton or linen (亚麻) clothing will be more comfortable in the heat. ● Respecting religious sites and holidays: mosques are considered sacred ground, and you should remove your shoes before entering most places provide foot covers and shoe storage, just follow what everyone else is doing! On Ramadan (斋月) and other fasting (斋戒) days, refrain from eating and drinking in public out of respect. ● Watching your body language: it is considered disrespectful to show the bottom of your feet. You should eat with your right hand, as the left hand is used for washing. It is not usually acceptable to touch a member of the opposite sex in public. 21. Who do you possibly give a tip in Egypt? A. A bank alert. B. A shop owner. C. A restaurant waiter. D. A market vendor. 22. How could you get a low price for your trip in Egypt? A. To bargain with tour operators. B. To choose some certain routes. C. To join in a local travel agency. D. To book a journey via the Internet. 23. What’s the main purpose of the text? A. To provide support on planning a travel. B. To inform you of the customs in Egypt. C. To help you make more Egyptian friends. D. To invite you to join a tour group in Egypt. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一篇旅游指南，该指南回答了所有关于去埃及旅行的最常见问题，涵盖了支付、省钱方法和礼仪等多个方面的信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Paying for Goods and Services”部分最后一句 “Finally, it’s useful to keep small change on you, as tipping is expected in cafes and restaurants, and for guides and taxi drivers.( 最后，随身携带少量零钱很有用，因为在咖啡馆和餐馆以及导游和出租车司机都需要给小费。)” 可知，在埃及，应该给餐厅服务员小费。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Saving Money on Trips”部分的第二句“But if you reserve online, you can enjoy prices with a discount of up to 50% compared to traditional agencies.(但是，如果您在线预订，与传统机构相比，您可以享受高达50%的折扣。)”可知，通过网络预订旅行可以享受比传统旅行社高达50%的折扣，从而获得更低的价格。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章是一篇旅游指南，该指南回答了所有关于去埃及旅行的最常见问题，涵盖了支付、省钱方法和礼仪等多个方面的信息，这些都是为帮助读者更好地规划去埃及的旅行提供支持。故选A项。 B Mike Goldberg spent his early career working in financial services, putting in long hours for 12 years, he said, before he decided it was time to quit. “I was just chasing money”, he said, “But I realized that just wasn’t true to my core.” In 1996, Goldberg left his job and his home in Los Angeles to follow his passion for underwater diving. As a diver, Goldberg developed a strong appreciation for the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and their essential role in the marine ecosystem. Today, he’s on a mission to help bring the area’s coral reefs back to life through his nonprofit, I. CARE. Over the last two decades, he saw coral reefs in the Florida Keys go from colorful and full of life to functionally extinct today. Now, he says many of the reefs in the area cannot recover naturally on their own and require human intervention (干预) to survive. Goldberg knew he needed to do something to help and wanted to find a way to get other people involved. He realized that divers could be a great workforce to help turn around the damage and restore the reefs. Around the same time, he met Dr. Kylie Smith, a behavioral ecologist and a coral reef ecologist. They spent hours at Goldberg’s dive shop discussing the health of the reef. In 2022, they teamed up to co-found I. CARE, with the goal of appealing to divers to help restore the area’s reefs, ensuring their survival for future generations. I. CARE organizes and offers special coral restoration dives for local and out-of-town participants. They spend the day learning about the importance of coral reefs and how to help rebuild them, then they go on dives to move coral to grow in a local nursery (苗圃) run by Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium. “There’s so much work to do. We’re just getting started,” Goldberg said. 24. Why did Mike Goldberg decide to quit his job? A. He wanted to pursue his dream. B. He was not satisfied with his salary. C. He wanted to develop another hobby. D. He believed his job wasn’t promising. 25. What inspired Goldberg to devote to preserving coral reefs? A. His passion for underwater diving. B. The commercial value of coral reefs. C. His desire for better diving experience. D. The changes of coral reefs over the years. 26. What can we learn about I. CARE from the text? A. It makes money by training divers. B. It calls on divers to save coral reefs. C. It was proposed by Dr. Kylie Smith. D. It aims at protecting the habitat of coral reefs. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Nature never fails you. B. Passion creates purpose. C. Well begun is half done. D. Rome was not built in a day. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mike Goldberg从金融服务业辞职，转而追求自己对潜水的热情，并最终创立I. CARE组织，致力于保护和恢复珊瑚礁的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中““I was just chasing money”, he said, “But I realized that just wasn’t true to my core.” (“我只是在追逐金钱，”他说，“但我意识到这违背了我的内心。”)”和第二段中“In 1996, Goldberg left his job and his home in Los Angeles to follow his passion for underwater diving. (1996年，Goldberg离开了他在洛杉矶的工作和家，追随他对水下潜水的热爱)”可知，Mike Goldberg辞职是为了追求自己的梦想。故选A项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Over the last two decades, he saw coral reefs in the Florida Keys go from colorful and full of life to functionally extinct today. Now, he says many of the reefs in the area cannot recover naturally on their own and require human intervention (干预) to survive. Goldberg knew he needed to do something to help and wanted to find a way to get other people involved. (在过去的二十年里，他目睹了佛罗里达群岛的珊瑚礁从五彩缤纷、生机盎然到今天功能性灭绝。他说，现在该地区的许多珊瑚礁无法自行恢复，需要人类的干预才能生存。Goldberg知道他需要做点什么来帮助它们，他想找到一种方法让其他人参与进来)”可知，珊瑚礁多年来的糟糕变化促使Goldberg采取行动致力于保护它们。故选D项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 2022, they teamed up to co-found I. CARE, with the goal of appealing to divers to help restore the area’s reefs, ensuring their survival for future generations. (2022年，他们携手共同创立了I. CARE，旨在呼吁潜水爱好者助力恢复该地区的珊瑚礁，确保这些珊瑚礁能世代存续)”可知，I. CARE号召潜水员拯救珊瑚礁。故选B项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Mike Goldberg从金融服务业辞职，转而追求自己对潜水的热情，并最终致力于保护珊瑚礁的故事。他的热情不仅改变了他的职业道路，还赋予了他新的生活目标，即通过I. CARE组织保护和恢复珊瑚礁。因此，这个故事说明了激情可以创造目标。故选B项。 C Smart speakers now already help play music, get the news and control appliances at home, and are expected within the decade to be able to spot oncoming colds and chronic health conditions before they appear by listening to a user’s breathing, voice and heart rate. That is the prediction of a report from Vodafone into what consumer technology will look like by 2030. The report says that consumers will expect technology to be a key way they can monitor their health. It predicts that smart assistants will be able to spot early signs of diseases such as Parkinson’s (帕金森病) from voice analysis alone, in a similar way to how temperature is an indicator of fever. In 2018 it was revealed that Google had filed a patent for a smart speaker that could determine a speaker’s mood through the “volume of the user’s voice, detected breathing rate, crying and so forth”, and if they have a medical condition “based on detected coughing, sneezing and so forth”. In January, at the Consumer Electronics Show, start-ups were offering light bulbs that could monitor a person’s body temperature and floorboards that could analyse a user’s changing weight. Martin Raymond, co-founder of the Future Laboratory, said that tech companies were working on smart mirrors that could detect changes in a user’s skin colour and send alerts to an accompanying app if it detected that the person should consult a doctor. Such devices are also likely to connect with other WiFi-enabled appliances around the house as well as phones or smartwatches to build up a picture of somebody’s health, before sending health recommendations if needed. The report says that by the end of the decade, using our voice to control devices will be “usurped” by mind reading devices, embedded in technology such as smartwatches and headphones. These will detect the brain signals made when people say words in their head and give commands without people having to speak. In December 2021, a 62-year-old man with motor neurone (运动神经元) disease was the first person in the world to send a tweet via his thoughts, using a brain implant (植入的装置) designed by the American-Australian company Synchron. The report adds that as we reach 2030, “nature itself will become connected” with sensors on trees to analyse the environment and send the data to conservationists. 28. What are smart speakers expected to do within ten years? A. To detect whether people are ill. B. To help control home appliances. C. To play music and broadcast news. D. To make a plan for physical exercise. 29. What can we learn from the passage? A. Doctors will receive alerts from a smart mirror of their patients. B. A smart floorboard has a changing weight restriction for its users. C. Voice analysis will be used to indicate the presence of Parkinson’ s. D. Google has claimed its right for the invention of all smart speakers. 30. What does the underlined word “usurped” mean in Paragraph 7? A. Operated. B. Replaced. C. Applied. D. Developed. 31. What is the best title for this text? A. Consumer Electronics Show. B. Smart Devices in the Next Decade. C. New Application of Smart Speaker. D. Connection between Sensors and Nature. 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了未来十年智能设备（如智能音箱）的发展和应用。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“Smart speakers now already help play music, get the news and control appliances at home, and are expected within the decade to be able to spot oncoming colds and chronic health conditions before they appear by listening to a user’s breathing, voice and heart rate. (智能音箱现在已经可以帮助播放音乐、获取新闻和控制家里的电器，预计在十年内，智能音箱将能够通过倾听用户的呼吸、声音和心率，提前发现即将到来的感冒和慢性疾病。)”可知，智能音箱在未来十年内的预期功能是检测人们是否生病。故选A。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“It predicts that smart assistants will be able to spot early signs of diseases such as Parkinson’s (帕金森病) from voice analysis alone, in a similar way to how temperature is an indicator of fever. (该公司预测，智能助手将能够仅通过语音分析就发现帕金森症等疾病的早期迹象，就像温度是发烧的指标一样。)”可知，声音分析将被用来指示帕金森病的存在。故选C。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第七段中“The report says that by the end of the decade, using our voice to control devices will be “usurped” by mind reading devices, embedded in technology such as smartwatches and headphones. These will detect the brain signals made when people say words in their head and give commands without people having to speak. (该报告称，到2020年，用我们的声音来控制设备将被嵌入智能手表和耳机等技术中的读心术“usurped”。当人们在脑海中说话时，这些设备会检测到大脑发出的信号，并在没有人说话的情况下发出命令。)”可知，到2020年，用我们的声音来控制设备将被嵌入智能手表和耳机等技术中的读心术“取代”。usurped在此处的意思是“取代”，与选项B“Replaced. (取代，代替)”意思相符。故选B。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是结合第一段“Smart speakers now already help play music, get the news and control appliances at home, and are expected within the decade to be able to spot oncoming colds and chronic health conditions before they appear by listening to a user’s breathing, voice and heart rate. (智能音箱现在已经可以帮助播放音乐、获取新闻和控制家里的电器，预计在十年内，智能音箱将能够通过倾听用户的呼吸、声音和心率，提前发现即将到来的感冒和慢性疾病。)”可知，本文主要讲述了未来十年智能设备的发展。因此，B选项“Smart Devices in the Next Decade. (未来十年的智能设备)”最符合文章主旨。故选B。 D The deep and dark night sky is filled with wonder. Looking up at the bright stars, mysterious planets and ancient constellations brings a timeless feeling. Today, populated areas around the globe are enveloped in a type of fog that disconnects people from that amazing night sky, but reducing light pollution can help to restore the wonder. After the sun sets, cities and suburbs across the globe are lit up with artificial lights. They glow along roads and highways and flood fields in sports stadiums. They also shine light on skyscrapers, malls, and flashing electronic signs. However, these lights negatively impact wildlife. Artificial lighting has caused the firefly population to completely disappear in some areas, while lighthouse beams negatively impact marine species. In fact, in the US and Canada, 18 species of firefly are now classified as being threatened with a high risk of extinction in the next ten years. Just leaving that light on affects the behavior of nocturnal pollinators (传粉者) like moths, causing them to fly towards the light and not the flowers. This, in turn, negatively affects plants’ abilities to bear fruit and reproduce. Many people are aware of many types of pollution including air, water, and land, but few realize that strong artificial lighting is harmful to all mammals, including humans. In order to make people aware of the importance of darkness, researchers wrote a world atlas of artificial night sky brightness, which is published in Science Advances. Their findings reveal that 80 percent of the world populations live under a sky glow, with more than 99 percent of Americans and Europeans living under light-polluted skies. Although individuals cannot control the highway and city lights, they can start to do small things at home. And if everyone “turns off the switch”, it can help bring back natural darkness in some areas. Light areas where light is needed and aim the light beams downwards. Try to use low-level lighting and be aware that some surfaces reflect more light into the sky. 32. What does the author mainly want to say in Paragraph 2? A. Light pollution is actually widespread. B. Artificial lights bring people convenience. C. The use of artificial lights should be cut down. D. The night sky is beautifully lit up with those lights. 33. Why do some plants fail to bear fruit? A. The light has been too strong. B. The pollinators destroy them. C. They are not pollinated in time. D. They don’t receive enough light. 34. Why was a world atlas of artificial night sky brightness published? A. To popularize artificial lighting. B. To call off environmental protection. C. To stress the civilizations of human beings. D. To bring awareness to the meaning of darkness. 【答案】32. A 33. C 34. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出光污染使人们与奇妙夜空隔绝，对野生动物、植物及包括人类在内的哺乳动物有害，同时呼吁个人从家中小事做起减少光污染。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“After the sun sets, cities and suburbs across the globe are lit up with artificial lights. They glow along roads and highways and flood fields in sports stadiums. They also shine light on skyscrapers, malls, and flashing electronic signs. (日落之后，全球各地城市和郊区都被人工灯光照亮。灯光沿着道路和高速公路延伸，照亮了体育场馆的场地。灯光还照耀着摩天大楼、购物中心和闪烁的电子招牌)”可知，这里描述了全球城市和郊区在日落后被人工灯光照亮的情况，表明人工灯光的使用非常普遍。由此可知，作者是想表达光污染实际上是广泛存在的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Just leaving that light on affects the behavior of nocturnal pollinators (传粉者) like moths, causing them to fly towards the light and not the flowers. This, in turn, negatively affects plants’ abilities to bear fruit and reproduce. (仅仅是让灯亮着就会影响飞蛾等夜间传粉者的行为，导致它们朝光而不是花飞去。这反过来又会对植物的结果和繁殖能力产生负面影响)”可知，一些植物未能结果是因为它们没有及时得到传粉。故选C项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“In order to make people aware of the importance of darkness, researchers wrote a world atlas of artificial night sky brightness, which is published in Science Advances. (为了让人们意识到黑暗的重要性，研究人员编写了一份人造夜空亮度的世界地图集，发表在《科学进展》杂志上)”可知，出版这本世界地图集是为了提高人们对黑暗的意义的认识。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Boost Your Self-Control Contrary to popular belief, self-control does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. ____35____This is how you get there: Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. When you have knowledge that a greater reward is at stake (得失难料), you are going to have an easier time letting go of immediate satisfaction. Prioritize your list according to what you want to achieve in the future. ____36____ Motivate yourself to win and remember that life doesn’t happen to you, it happens for you. Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. ____37____ That will set the stage for you to regain your power and access your inner motivation to win and achieve. Know your triggers (诱因) and control the stress response. Certain situations, people or even foods will cause your stress response to be triggered. Your job is to pay attention. ____38____It could be sleep deprivation, or it could be a tendency to feel overly criticized by your boss. By knowing your triggers, you can either avoid them or develop ways to deal with them. ____39____ Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. The key here is that no one is allowed to criticize you or cause you to feel guilt or shame. Instead, they are to remind you to love yourself and help you get back on track when you slip up. A. Get some reliable partners. B. Who and what causes you to feel emotional? C. You should think twice to avoid possible mistakes. D. Change your mindset to being a victor of your life. E. It will help you follow your heart and improve your performance. F. In other words, it is a positive effort, not one of denial or negativity. G. When following this process, you will think twice before acting on a sudden urge. 【答案】35. F 36. G 37. D 38. B 39. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是自我控制并非通过自我压抑或严格自律来实现，并提供了几种具体的方法，包括设定清晰的目标、调整心态、识别压力诱因以及寻求可靠的支持伙伴，以帮助人们更好地管理冲动，实现长期目标。 【35题详解】 前文“Contrary to popular belief, self-control does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. (与普遍观点相反，自我控制并不是通过自我压抑或对自己“严格”来实现的。它关乎爱自己和培养新习惯。)”说明了哪种情况不是自我控制，自我控制与什么有关。这表明，接下来的一句，即空格处，应写明自我控制的本质，以引出全文的主题。F项“换句话说，这是一种积极的努力，而不是一种否定或消极的行为。”直接点明什么是自我控制，引出文章主题，下文都围绕如何进行自我控制展开，符合语境。故选F项。 【36题详解】 本段第一句“Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. (设定清晰的目标，这样当你面临选择时，就能先思考、再行动。)”表明，本段写根据目标先思考、后行动有助于进行自我控制，G项“遵循这一过程，你会在冲动之前三思而后行。”中所说的“这一过程”即为前文提到的“设定清晰的目标，先思考、再行动”。同时空处位于本段最后，G项正是对本段的总结，遵循这一过程，可以避免冲动。故选G项。 【37题详解】 前文“Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. (焦虑源于你认为自己无法掌控生活中的境遇，而是成为它们的受害者。)”指出焦虑的根源，后文“That will set the stage for you to regain your power and access your inner motivation to win and achieve. (这种认知会为你重获力量并激发你内心追求胜利和成就的动力奠定基础。)”指出按本空处所说的内容做会带来什么好处，这表明本空处应是一句告诉人们如何摆脱受害者心态的具体做法。D项“改变你的思维模式，成为自己生活的胜利者。”能够衔接前后文，且其中的victor一词与前文中的victim一词形成呼应。故选D项。 38题详解】 前文“Your job is to pay attention. (你要做的就是引起注意。)”及后文“It could be sleep deprivation, or it could be a tendency to feel overly criticized by your boss. (它可能是睡眠不足，或你觉得被老板过度批评。)”说明，空处需要一句话既能表明需要引起注意的具体内容是什么，也就是使人们不能很好地进行自我控制的因素是什么，又能概括“睡眠不足”、“觉得被老板过度批评”这两个例子的共同特点。B项“是谁、或是什么让你感觉情绪化？”满足这一要求，能承上启下。故选B项。 【39题详解】 后文“Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. (你可以邀请朋友或家人加入你，或者请求他们的支持，让他们提醒你长期目标。)”提到周围的人这个因素在自我控制中的重要作用。A项“找一些可靠的伙伴。”直接点明人这个因素，起到引领全段的作用。故选A项。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。 Life transitions can be defined as significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances. These changes can be positive, negative, or neutral, but regardless of their nature, they can be disruptive to our lives. For instance, moving to a new city can be exciting, but it can also be challenging to adapt to a new environment, make new friends, and establish a new support system. There’s no denying that life often presents us with our fair share of challenges, usually in the form of sudden change. These life transitions, even the positive ones, can throw us into a tailspin (慌乱) and leave us feeling stressed, confused, and vulnerable. But with the right tools and mindset, you have the power to overcome any adversity in the sudden change. Change, even difficult change that is neither wanted nor expected, can influence personal growth. Change gives us the opportunity to see what we’re made of; to become stronger, more confident, and better prepared for what life throws at us next. With each new challenge, we develop new personal skills and obtain a greater awareness of ourselves, our families, and our communities. During times of change, our mental health can suffer. We may experience a range of emotions, such as anxiety, fear, sadness, and frustration. We may feel overwhelmed and struggle to cope with the new challenges and demands of our lives. Additionally, our self-esteem may be impacted as we face new challenges that we are not sure we can overcome. These feelings can lead to mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, which can affect our overall well-being. Sometimes we can handle change and adversity by ourselves and sometimes we need a little help. 40. What are life transitions? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can we gain the power to handle life transitions? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤Life transitions can give us an insight into ourselves and surely promote our mental well-being. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What tips will you give to a friend who is suffering from a life transition? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Life transitions are significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances. 41. With the right tools and mindset, we can gain the power to handle life transitions. 42. The false part is “surely promote our mental well-being”. Life transitions can also make our mental health suffer and lead to mental health problems. So it doesn’t surely promote our mental well-being. 43. Stay positive and believe in yourself. Don’t hesitate to ask for help when in trouble. You’ll get through this difficult time. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人生转折的含义以及它对我们的影响。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段的句子“Life transitions can be defined as significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances.(人生转折可以定义为生活中的重大变化，迫使个人适应一系列新的环境。)”可知，人生转折指的是生活中迫使个人适应新环境的重大变化。故填Life transitions are significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段的句子“But with the right tools and mindset, you have the power to overcome any adversity in the sudden change.(但是有了正确的工具和心态，你就有能力在突如其来的变化中克服任何逆境。)”可知，正确的工具和心态能帮我们获得处理生活转变的力量。故填With the right tools and mindset, we can gain the power to handle life transitions. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段的句子“During times of change, our mental health can suffer.(在变化的时期，我们的心理健康会受到影响。)”和“Additionally, our self-esteem may be impacted as we face new challenges that we are not sure we can overcome. These feelings can lead to mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, which can affect our overall well-being.(此外，我们的自尊可能会受到影响，因为我们面临新的挑战，我们不确定我们能克服。这些感觉会导致心理健康问题，如抑郁和焦虑，从而影响我们的整体健康。)”可知，生活的转折也会使我们的心理健康受到影响，并导致心理健康问题。所以它并不一定能促进我们的心理健康。故填The false part is “surely promote our mental well-being”. Life transitions can also make our mental health suffer and lead to mental health problems. So it doesn’t surely promote our mental well-being. 【43题详解】 开放性试题。答案言之有理即可。题干问“你会给正在经历人生转变的朋友什么建议？”，可以回答的是：保持积极态度并相信自己。遇到困难时，不要犹豫寻求帮助。你会度过这段困难时期的。故填Stay positive and believe in yourself. Don’t hesitate to ask for help when in trouble. You’ll get through this difficult time. 第二节 44. 假设你是李华，正在英国一所中学做交换生。为推广中文学习，该校近期将组织一些交换生在暑假期间教当地的小学生学习中文，你有意参加。请你用英语给相关负责人写一封自荐信。内容主要包括： 1.个人优势； 2.介绍你的教学方法。 要求：1.词数在100词左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Sir or Madam, I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China. I’m writing to apply for the position of teaching Chinese to local primary school students during the coming summer vacation. Since I am a native Chinese speaker, I have a solid command of both spoken and written Chinese. Moreover, I once taught Chinese to my British classmates and successfully helped them overcome difficulties in pronunciation. In my teaching I plan to use vivid pictures and interesting short videos to arouse students’ interest. Interactive games like “Chinese Character Guessing” will also be organized to make the learning process more engaging. I’m enthusiastic about promoting Chinese culture and confident that I have the ability to carry out this teaching task. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封自荐信，申请在暑假期间教英国当地的小学生学习中文。其内容包括：个人优势和介绍你的教学方法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 而且：moreover→in addition 帮助某人做某事：help sb. do sth.→assist sb. to do sth. 克服：overcome→get over 使用：use→make use of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China. 拓展句： I’m Li Hua, who is an exchange student from China. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Since I am a native Chinese speaker, I have a solid command of both spoken and written Chinese. (运用了since引导的原因状语从句) 【高分句型2】 I’m enthusiastic about promoting Chinese culture and confident that I have the ability to carry out this teaching task. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 通州区2024—2025学年第一学期高二年级期末质量检测 英语试卷 2025年1月 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Rene Compean had never thought that his venturing along a new path would put himself in big trouble. With only a bar of signal and less than ten percent ____1____ remaining on his cell phone, Compean was unprepared for anything more than the two-hour journey he’d planned. “SOS. My phone is going to die. I’m lost,” he ____2____ a friend, attaching a photo showing where he was. Sixty miles away, Ben Kuo was working at home when he read a social media post. The local search-and-rescue teams had spent the previous night ____3____ locating Compean, so they released the photo to the public, hoping someone might know the location. Kuo works in the tech industry, and he has always loved ____4____ where photos are taken. He frequently tries to ____5____ where movie scenes, television shows, or commercials were filmed. And he is often successful. When he saw the blurry (模糊的) image of Compean’s legs surrounded by an endless landscape of rocks and plants, he ____6____ pulled up a satellite map on his laptop. Compean’s car was parked near a campground, so he ____7____ his search to the surrounding area. After comparing the photo to the satellite map, Kuo realized he must be on the south side that was much like the environment in the image. The ____8____ step was cross-referencing (交叉验证) the original photo with 3-D images of the area from a satellite map. The locations ____9____! Soon, a search-and-rescue team helicopter found Compean. “Ben’s help allowed us to get to that location much sooner than we probably would have,” the rescue team said in the press release afterward. Kuo said, “I had never thought my unusual hobby could make a big _____10_____ to others.” 1. A. networks B. battery C. storage D. fuel 2 A. called B. ordered C. texted D. lost 3. A. unsuccessfully B. encouragingly C. hopefully D. merely 4. A. keeping up with B. chatting about C. making up for D. looking for 5. A. visit B. paint C. identify D. collect 6. A. immediately B. hardly C. carefully D. potentially 7 A. preferred B. narrowed C. stopped D. slowed 8. A. difficult B. interesting C. unexpected D. final 9. A. appeared B. missed C. matched D. conflicted 10. A. success B. difference C. day D. adventure 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A city walk is a form of urban tourism with a strong emphasis on digging into the city’s history, culture and landscapes. City walkers are likely to choose a route and move on foot randomly (随机地), ____11____ (seek) out interactions with locals on their way. The appeal of a city walk lies in many aspects. Most ____12____ (obvious), the young generation gradually changes ____13____ (they) attitude toward life, pursuing quality leisure time while they are occupied with demanding workloads, with limited time for exploration. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 People have always been scared of sharks, but the film Jaws made things ____14____ (bad). Many people who saw the film began to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans. Some people ____15____ (start) fishing for sharks, killing as many as they could. Soon the film writer admitted that his work was wrong about sharks’ behaviour. “Sharks don’t target humans,” he said. Over the years, experts ____16____ (prove) that sharks do not see people as food, and they attack us by mistake. Only around six people ____17____ (kill) by sharks every year. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful. We are special clowns ____18____ work as part of a programme known as “hospital clowning”. I chose this career because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid. Although the doctors and nurses did a great job, hospitals weren’t really designed ____19____ children. When I was there, I spent much of the time ____20____ (feel) frightened and more than a little bored! Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A This handy guide answers all the most frequently asked questions about travelling to Egypt. Paying for Goods and Services As a rule, the best exchange rates are found once you’ve arrived in Egypt — US Dollars, British Pounds and Euros are the easiest currencies to exchange, and you can take cash out at the majority of ATMs. Prices are relatively low in shops and restaurants, and bargaining is the norm in markets — decide how much you want to pay, offer the vendor (小商贩) slightly lower, and then argue and argue until you both agree! Finally, it’s useful to keep small change on you, as tipping is expected in cafes and restaurants, and for guides and taxi drivers. Saving Money on Trips Tour operators often offer bigger prices for their trips. But if you reserve online, you can enjoy prices with a discount of up to 50% compared to traditional agencies. For example, the journey to Abu Simbel from Aswan is often offered for€125 (US $ 143), but here you can buy online for just €70 (US $ 80.10). Etiquette Egypt is a relatively conservative nation, and travelling there — as anywhere — you should do your best to respect local customs and norms to avoid awkward moments or offending anyone. We recommend: ● Dressing modestly: we know it’s hot but making sure shoulders and knees are covered, especially in rural areas and religious sites, is important. This doesn’t apply when in resorts or on the beach, and larger towns and cities are usually more relaxed. Loose cotton or linen (亚麻) clothing will be more comfortable in the heat. ● Respecting religious sites and holidays: mosques are considered sacred ground, and you should remove your shoes before entering most places provide foot covers and shoe storage, just follow what everyone else is doing! On Ramadan (斋月) and other fasting (斋戒) days, refrain from eating and drinking in public out of respect. ● Watching your body language: it is considered disrespectful to show the bottom of your feet. You should eat with your right hand, as the left hand is used for washing. It is not usually acceptable to touch a member of the opposite sex in public. 21. Who do you possibly give a tip in Egypt? A. A bank alert. B. A shop owner. C. A restaurant waiter. D. A market vendor. 22. How could you get a low price for your trip in Egypt? A. To bargain with tour operators. B. To choose some certain routes. C. To join in a local travel agency. D. To book a journey via the Internet. 23. What’s the main purpose of the text? A. To provide support on planning a travel. B. To inform you of the customs in Egypt. C. To help you make more Egyptian friends. D. To invite you to join a tour group in Egypt. B Mike Goldberg spent his early career working in financial services, putting in long hours for 12 years, he said, before he decided it was time to quit. “I was just chasing money”, he said, “But I realized that just wasn’t true to my core.” In 1996, Goldberg left his job and his home in Los Angeles to follow his passion for underwater diving. As a diver, Goldberg developed a strong appreciation for the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and their essential role in the marine ecosystem. Today, he’s on a mission to help bring the area’s coral reefs back to life through his nonprofit, I. CARE. Over the last two decades, he saw coral reefs in the Florida Keys go from colorful and full of life to functionally extinct today. Now, he says many of the reefs in the area cannot recover naturally on their own and require human intervention (干预) to survive. Goldberg knew he needed to do something to help and wanted to find a way to get other people involved. He realized that divers could be a great workforce to help turn around the damage and restore the reefs. Around the same time, he met Dr. Kylie Smith, a behavioral ecologist and a coral reef ecologist. They spent hours at Goldberg’s dive shop discussing the health of the reef. In 2022, they teamed up to co-found I. CARE, with the goal of appealing to divers to help restore the area’s reefs, ensuring their survival for future generations. I. CARE organizes and offers special coral restoration dives for local and out-of-town participants. They spend the day learning about the importance of coral reefs and how to help rebuild them, then they go on dives to move coral to grow in a local nursery (苗圃) run by Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium. “There’s so much work to do. We’re just getting started,” Goldberg said. 24. Why did Mike Goldberg decide to quit his job? A. He wanted to pursue his dream. B. He was not satisfied with his salary. C. He wanted to develop another hobby. D. He believed his job wasn’t promising. 25. What inspired Goldberg to devote to preserving coral reefs? A. His passion for underwater diving. B. The commercial value of coral reefs. C. His desire for better diving experience. D. The changes of coral reefs over the years. 26. What can we learn about I. CARE from the text? A. It makes money by training divers. B. It calls on divers to save coral reefs. C. It was proposed by Dr. Kylie Smith. D It aims at protecting the habitat of coral reefs. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Nature never fails you. B. Passion creates purpose. C. Well begun is half done. D. Rome was not built in a day. C Smart speakers now already help play music, get the news and control appliances at home, and are expected within the decade to be able to spot oncoming colds and chronic health conditions before they appear by listening to a user’s breathing, voice and heart rate. That is the prediction of a report from Vodafone into what consumer technology will look like by 2030. The report says that consumers will expect technology to be a key way they can monitor their health. It predicts that smart assistants will be able to spot early signs of diseases such as Parkinson’s (帕金森病) from voice analysis alone, in a similar way to how temperature is an indicator of fever. In 2018 it was revealed that Google had filed a patent for a smart speaker that could determine a speaker’s mood through the “volume of the user’s voice, detected breathing rate, crying and so forth”, and if they have a medical condition “based on detected coughing, sneezing and so forth”. In January, at the Consumer Electronics Show, start-ups were offering light bulbs that could monitor a person’s body temperature and floorboards that could analyse a user’s changing weight. Martin Raymond, co-founder of the Future Laboratory, said that tech companies were working on smart mirrors that could detect changes in a user’s skin colour and send alerts to an accompanying app if it detected that the person should consult a doctor. Such devices are also likely to connect with other WiFi-enabled appliances around the house as well as phones or smartwatches to build up a picture of somebody’s health, before sending health recommendations if needed. The report says that by the end of the decade, using our voice to control devices will be “usurped” by mind reading devices, embedded in technology such as smartwatches and headphones. These will detect the brain signals made when people say words in their head and give commands without people having to speak. In December 2021, a 62-year-old man with motor neurone (运动神经元) disease was the first person in the world to send a tweet via his thoughts, using a brain implant (植入的装置) designed by the American-Australian company Synchron. The report adds that as we reach 2030, “nature itself will become connected” with sensors on trees to analyse the environment and send the data to conservationists. 28. What are smart speakers expected to do within ten years? A. To detect whether people are ill. B. To help control home appliances. C. To play music and broadcast news. D. To make a plan for physical exercise. 29. What can we learn from the passage? A. Doctors will receive alerts from a smart mirror of their patients. B. A smart floorboard has a changing weight restriction for its users. C. Voice analysis will be used to indicate the presence of Parkinson’ s. D. Google has claimed its right for the invention of all smart speakers. 30. What does the underlined word “usurped” mean in Paragraph 7? A. Operated. B. Replaced. C. Applied. D. Developed. 31. What is the best title for this text? A. Consumer Electronics Show. B. Smart Devices in the Next Decade. C. New Application of Smart Speaker. D. Connection between Sensors and Nature. D The deep and dark night sky is filled with wonder. Looking up at the bright stars, mysterious planets and ancient constellations brings a timeless feeling. Today, populated areas around the globe are enveloped in a type of fog that disconnects people from that amazing night sky, but reducing light pollution can help to restore the wonder. After the sun sets, cities and suburbs across the globe are lit up with artificial lights. They glow along roads and highways and flood fields in sports stadiums. They also shine light on skyscrapers, malls, and flashing electronic signs. However, these lights negatively impact wildlife. Artificial lighting has caused the firefly population to completely disappear in some areas, while lighthouse beams negatively impact marine species. In fact, in the US and Canada, 18 species of firefly are now classified as being threatened with a high risk of extinction in the next ten years. Just leaving that light on affects the behavior of nocturnal pollinators (传粉者) like moths, causing them to fly towards the light and not the flowers. This, in turn, negatively affects plants’ abilities to bear fruit and reproduce. Many people are aware of many types of pollution including air, water, and land, but few realize that strong artificial lighting is harmful to all mammals, including humans. In order to make people aware of the importance of darkness, researchers wrote a world atlas of artificial night sky brightness, which is published in Science Advances. Their findings reveal that 80 percent of the world populations live under a sky glow, with more than 99 percent of Americans and Europeans living under light-polluted skies. Although individuals cannot control the highway and city lights, they can start to do small things at home. And if everyone “turns off the switch”, it can help bring back natural darkness in some areas. Light areas where light is needed and aim the light beams downwards. Try to use low-level lighting and be aware that some surfaces reflect more light into the sky. 32. What does the author mainly want to say in Paragraph 2? A. Light pollution is actually widespread. B. Artificial lights bring people convenience. C. The use of artificial lights should be cut down. D. The night sky is beautifully lit up with those lights. 33. Why do some plants fail to bear fruit? A. The light has been too strong. B. The pollinators destroy them. C. They are not pollinated in time. D. They don’t receive enough light. 34. Why was a world atlas of artificial night sky brightness published? A. To popularize artificial lighting. B. To call off environmental protection. C. To stress the civilizations of human beings. D. To bring awareness to the meaning of darkness. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Boost Your Self-Control Contrary to popular belief, self-control does not come along by denying yourself something or being “strict” with yourself. It is about loving yourself and developing new habits. ____35____This is how you get there: Set clear goals so when it comes down to it, you can think first, act later. When you have knowledge that a greater reward is at stake (得失难料), you are going to have an easier time letting go of immediate satisfaction. Prioritize your list according to what you want to achieve in the future. ____36____ Motivate yourself to win and remember that life doesn’t happen to you, it happens for you. Anxiety arises from the belief that you are not in control of your life circumstances but are a victim of them. ____37____ That will set the stage for you to regain your power and access your inner motivation to win and achieve. Know your triggers (诱因) and control the stress response. Certain situations, people or even foods will cause your stress response to be triggered. Your job is to pay attention. ____38____It could be sleep deprivation, or it could be a tendency to feel overly criticized by your boss. By knowing your triggers, you can either avoid them or develop ways to deal with them. ____39____ Either enlist friends or family members to join you or ask for their support to remind you of your long-term goals. The key here is that no one is allowed to criticize you or cause you to feel guilt or shame. Instead, they are to remind you to love yourself and help you get back on track when you slip up. A. Get some reliable partners. B. Who and what causes you to feel emotional? C. You should think twice to avoid possible mistakes. D. Change your mindset to being a victor of your life. E. It will help you follow your heart and improve your performance. F. In other words, it is a positive effort, not one of denial or negativity. G. When following this process, you will think twice before acting on a sudden urge. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。 Life transitions can be defined as significant changes in life that force individuals to adjust to a new set of circumstances. These changes can be positive, negative, or neutral, but regardless of their nature, they can be disruptive to our lives. For instance, moving to a new city can be exciting, but it can also be challenging to adapt to a new environment, make new friends, and establish a new support system. There’s no denying that life often presents us with our fair share of challenges, usually in the form of sudden change. These life transitions, even the positive ones, can throw us into a tailspin (慌乱) and leave us feeling stressed, confused, and vulnerable. But with the right tools and mindset, you have the power to overcome any adversity in the sudden change. Change, even difficult change that is neither wanted nor expected, can influence personal growth. Change gives us the opportunity to see what we’re made of; to become stronger, more confident, and better prepared for what life throws at us next. With each new challenge, we develop new personal skills and obtain a greater awareness of ourselves, our families, and our communities. During times of change our mental health can suffer. We may experience a range of emotions, such as anxiety, fear, sadness, and frustration. We may feel overwhelmed and struggle to cope with the new challenges and demands of our lives. Additionally, our self-esteem may be impacted as we face new challenges that we are not sure we can overcome. These feelings can lead to mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, which can affect our overall well-being. Sometimes we can handle change and adversity by ourselves and sometimes we need a little help. 40. What are life transitions? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can we gain the power to handle life transitions? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➤Life transitions can give us an insight into ourselves and surely promote our mental well-being. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What tips will you give to a friend who is suffering from a life transition? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 44. 假设你是李华，正在英国一所中学做交换生。为推广中文学习，该校近期将组织一些交换生在暑假期间教当地的小学生学习中文，你有意参加。请你用英语给相关负责人写一封自荐信。内容主要包括： 1.个人优势； 2.介绍你的教学方法。 要求：1.词数在100词左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$