2025年人教版中考英语一轮复习宾语从句

第六讲 宾语从句 一、宾语从句概念 宾语是 ________________，是 ________________。 句子的宾语一般由 ________、 ________、 ________或 ________充当，当一个句子充当宾语时，我们把这个句子叫做 ________。 【例句】I like my parents. （ ________作宾语） I know him. （ ________作宾语） I enjoy playing basketball. （ ________作宾语） I decide to study hard. （ ________作宾语） We know that Yao Ming is a famous basketball player. （ ________） （宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。） 二、宾语从句引导词 1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用 ________引导， ________无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常 ________。在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry，sure，afraid，glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也算是宾语从句。 【例句】My teacher said that I was a good boy. She doesn’t know that she is seriously ill. I’m sorry that I don’t know. I’m sure that he will succeed. 2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用 ________或 ________引导，意为“ ________”。 【例句】Is Jim a good student? I don’t know. → ________________________________ Does Kate get up early? Do you know? →________________________________ 3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导（_______，_______，_______，_______，_______，_______，_______，_______，_______）。 【例句】What is she doing? Can you tell me? →________________________ Where does she live? Do you know? →________________________ 三、宾语从句的语序──必须是陈述语序 句子的两种语序： 1. 陈述句结构叫陈述语序。 【例句】There is a shop near here. 2. 疑问句结构叫疑问语序。 【例句】Is there a shop near here? 宾语从句必须用陈述语序 【例句】He asked me when I arrived in Shanghai. I want to know where they will go. 课堂练习 将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1. Is there a bank near here? 2. Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3. Are they doing homework? 4. Does she work in a hospital? 5. Did you go to Center Park? 四、宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应 1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态；（需要性原则） 2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致；（呼应性原则） 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则） 【例句】I hear that- Jim was a worker two years ago. Jim is an English teacher now. Jim is singing a popular song now. Jim has been to the Great Wall twice. Jim was playing basketball when his father came back. Jim had learned 1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.【例句】 He said 1) he would go to Hong Kong. 2) he was sick. 3) he was reading a book. 4) he had finished his work. 【例句】He told me (that) summer is after spring. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun. 五、考试疑难点 1. 只能用whether不用if 的三种情况 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下三种情况只能用whether： ①________________： 【例句】Let me know whether you can come or not. ②__________： 【例句】It depends on whether it is going to rain. ③__________： 【例句】We haven’t decided whether to go there. 2. 当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变： What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? 【例句】I don’t know what’s the matter. Can you tell me who is over there? 3. 宾语从句与简单句的转换 1 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句的谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，agree，choose等时，从句可简化为不定式结构。 【例句】I hope that I can receive your e-mail. → ____________________ 2 当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且主句谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可简化为“_________________”结构。 【例句】She doesn’t know what she should do next. → ____________________________ 3 当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等时，从句可简化为“_______________”结构。 【例句】 Will you please show me how I can work it out? → ____________________________ 4. 否定转移 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe，guess，suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 【例句】I don’t think he will come with you. I don’t believe he has finished the work. 5. 注意if和when        if / when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if / when引导宾语从句时，意思分别为“______”和“______”，此时它们的时态根据具体情况而定。if和when引导状语从句时，意思分别为“______”和“__________”，此时如果主句是一般将来时，从句部分则用一般现在时。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 45 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 第六讲 宾语从句（2） 【考点剖析】 考点一、考查宾语从句的引导词 1．—Did your friend tell you ________ —Yes. He said he got up too late this morning. A．how he got to school B．why he was late for school C．where he did his homework D．when he left home for school 2．—Excuse me, could you do please tell me ________? I forget about it. —Only in ten minutes. You’d better hurry up. A．when the train left B．when did the train leave C．how soon will the train leave D．how soon the train will leave 考点二、考查宾语从句的语序 1．We can’t imagine ________ by the year 2015. Could you tell us? A．what life will be B．what life will be like C．what will life be D．how life will be like 2．No one can be sure ________ in thousands of years, not to say in a million years. A．what man looks like B．what will man look like C．what did man look like D．what man will look like 考点三、考查宾语从句的时态 1．— Is there a message for me, Mom? — Yeah. John phoned you just now. He wondered _________. A．why you are late for school this morning B．what will you do for the coming weekend C．where did you play volleyball after school D．if you could go to the cinema with him 2．Li Ling’s mother wanted to know ________. A．how did she study at school B．what she has studied at school C．whether did she study hard at school D．if she studied hard at school 考点四、if/when引导的两种从句 1．—I wonder if he ________ us in the dancing tonight. —I believe if he ________ his homework, he will join us. A．will join; will finish B．will join; finishes C．joins; finishes D．joins; will finish 2．—I wonder ________ if I park my car here? —Of course it ________. You need to find a safer place. A．when it matter; does B．whether it matters; does C．if it will matter; doesn’t D．how it matters; doesn’t 3．—I wonder if Li Hua ________ to the hospital to receive COVID-19 vaccinations (疫苗接种). —I’m sure he will if he ________ time. A．goes; will have B．will go; will have C．will go; has 4．— Alice, could you tell me when your sister ________ from Harbin? — I’m not sure. I will call you when she ________. A．will come back; will return B．comes back; will return C．will come back; returns 【真题演练】 1．—Mike, I wonder ________ we’ll go this weekend. —To the museum. A．when B．why C．how D．where 2．—I haven’t decided ________ I’ll go for my summer holidays. —Why not choose Laga Mountain? A．how B．when C．where 3．—What did David say to you just now? 一He asked _________. A．why I’m so unhappy B．what I will do for the weekend C．who I play football with after school D．if I could go to the party with him tonight 4．— How wonderful the school concert is! I wonder ________ our school will hold it next year. — Sure. It’s our school tradition! A．how B．if C．where 5．—I’m not sure ________ my suggestion is helpful to you. —It certainly is. Every little bit helps. A．why B．how C．whether D．where 6．—Do you know ________? —In Stratford, England. A．where Shakespeare was born B．when Shakespeare finished school C．how many plays Shakespeare wrote D．why Shakespeare's works are popular 7．—Could you tell me ________ “the Father of Rice”? —Because he helped many countries grow more rice. A．when was Yuan Longping called B．why is Yuan Longping called C．when Yuan Longping was called D．why Yuan Longping is called 8．In the past people didn’t know that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．travelled C．travel 9．—Would you like to talk about ________ in the summer holiday? —I’m going to be a volunteer in our neighborhood. A．how you will do B．what you will do C．where you will go 10．—Hi, Jeff. Could you please tell me ________ on Dragon Boat Festival? —I ate zongzi and watched the boat races. A．what did you do B．what do you do C．what you did 【过关检测】 一、单项选择 1．— Dear friends, do you still remember _________ you came here three years ago? — To achieve dreams. A．why B．where C．what D．which 2．—Could you tell me ________?    —At the end of July. A．how often he heard from his penfriend B．how soon he would be here C．that he went on vacation D．when you will start your vacation 3．I often doubt ________ he says. A．whether to believe what B．whether should I believe what C．if to believe that D．whether to believe that 4．By using a telescope, you’ll see ________. A．what is the Moon like B．what the Moon looks like C．what the Moon likes D．what does the Moon look like 5．Can you tell me _______? A．where shall we meet tomorrow B．where will you go for the holiday C．when did you join the club D．how long he has been in the navy 6．I have no idea how long ________ before he leaves for Europe again this time. A．will he stay home B．will he come back home C．he will stay home D．he will come back home 7．—Can you imagine ________ in 2035? —I’m sure it will be better. A．what our life will be like B．what will our life be like C．how our life was 8．—Could you tell me ________ for the coming holidays? —Sorry, I have no idea. A．where you went B．where will you go C．where you are going 9．—I hear they’ll visit Shandong Museum, and I wonder ________. —For about two hours. A．how far it is B．how often they visit it C．how many tickets they bought D．how long they will stay there 10．—Did you notice ________ in his office? —Yes, he was going over our homework. A．when Mr. Li was working B．what Mr. Li is doing C．what Mr. Li was doing D．who was talking to Mr. Li 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 11．—Could you tell me when we ________ (hand) in our book report? —Next Monday morning. 12．The teacher is wondering what ________ (happen) to the little girl. She is crying sadly. 13．My grandfather told us that the early bird ________ (catch) the worm. 14．The radio says there ________ (be) showers next week. 15．Can you tell me where those children ____ (play) hide-an seek at this time yesterday? 16．Could you tell me how soon the visitors from the USA ____ (arrive) here? 3、 句型转换 17．Could you tell me how I should start the computer? (改为同义句) Could you ________ me ________ ________ ________ the computer? 18．He asked me, “Are you satisfied with your recent case?”（改为复合句） He asked me ________ I ________ satisfied with my recent case. 19．Is he from England? Could you tell me? (合并为一句) Could you tell me ________ he ________ from England? 20．Could you tell me? Why are you late for such an important conference? Could you tell me why ________ ________ late for such an important conference? 把下面句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。 1. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. 　 He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong. 2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. 　 My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound. 3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know. Jack didn’t know ______ there ______ ____ a meeting in five days. 4. Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French. 5. Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games. 6. Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao 　 Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _______ _______ ______ _____ _____ homework yet. 7. How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? 　 Who knows _____ _____ ____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture? 8. Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car? 9. What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. 　 The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about. 10. Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know. 　 I don’ t know _______ _______ at the door so loudly. 11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know. 　 I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street. 12. What's his name? I asked him. I asked him what _____ _____ ____ ______. 13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. 　　Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________. 14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _____they _____fried chicken. 15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know. 　 I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai. $$