Module2 Experiences 重点语法：现在完成时（1）（五大题型，60题）精讲练-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（外研版）

2024-2025学年一线教师制作同步精品系列资料，已编校！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作同步精品系列资料，已编校！ Module2 Experiences 重点语法：现在完成时（1）（五大题型，60题）精讲练 目录 语法知识精讲 1 语法知识精练 3 题型一：过去分词变化规则 3 题型二：表示影响（动作已完成） 6 题型三：表示持续（动作未完成） 10 题型四：延续性动词与非延续性动词 13 题型五：have been to/have gone to区别 17 语法知识精讲 一、现在完成时的用法 用法1：表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。 Eddie has eaten my food. Eddie吃了我的食物。 用法2：表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并有可能继续延续下去的动作或状态。 He has lived here since 1995. 自从1995年以来，他一直住在这儿。 用法3：表示到现在为止，某一个动作发生了多少次 I have already read this book many times so far. (到现在为止，我已经读过这本书许多次了) 二、现在完成时的句式 1.构成 助动词has/have +动词的过去分词 陈述句 They have finished their homework. He has finished his homework. 否定句 They haven’t finished their homework. He hasn’t finished his homework. 一般疑问句 Have they finished their homework? Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. 2.动词的过去分词： 规则动词的过去分词的构成 1.大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只需在动词后加-ed；例如： work→worked listen→listened jump→jumped visit→visited 2. 在以-e结尾的动词后只加-d；例如： close→closed like→liked agree→agreed move→moved 3.在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加ed；例如： study→studied carry→carried try→tried worry→worried 4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed；例如： stop→stopped drop→dropped 不规则动词的过去分词的构成 1. 有些动词的原形和过去分词相同；例如： put→put hurt→hurt become→become run→run 2.改变单词中间元音字母；例如： sit→sat win→won hold→held 3.把单词结尾的字母d改为t；例如： lend→lent spend→spent send→sent 4.以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept；例如： keep→kept sleep→slept 5. 过去分词以aught或ought结尾；例如： teach→taught buy→bought 6.以ay结尾的动词，把ay变成aid；例如： say→said pay→paid 7.在原形词尾加n或en；例如： give→given eat→eaten 语法知识精练 题型一：过去分词变化规则 1．（23-24八年级下·上海·期末）I ________ the book yet. A．haven’t read B．hadn’t read C．don’t read D．am not reading 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我还没看书。 考查时态。根据现在完成时标志词“yet”可知，该句为现在完成时，否定结构为“haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词”，故选A。 2．（23-24八年级上·上海青浦·期末）Beijing ________ an increasing number of cultural and historical parks in recent years. A．develops B．developed C．has developed D．was developing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：北京近些年已经开发了越来越多的文化和历史公园。 考查现在完成时。根据“in recent years”可知句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，故选C。 3．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Some paintings ________ on the wall after our flat decoration ________. A．will be hunged, is finished B．will be hung, will be finished C．will be hung, is finished D．are hung, will be finished 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的公寓装修完成后，墙上会挂一些画。 考查时态和语态。after引导的时间状语从句遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，排除选项B和D；两空都是被动语态，hang的过去分词“hung”，排除A。故选C。 4．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）— Would you like to see the movie with me tonight, Simon? — Sorry. I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——今晚你想要和我一起看电影吗，Simon？——抱歉。我已经看了两次了。 考查现在完成时。根据语境可知因为看了两次所以今晚不和对方看电影，强调过去事件对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”，故选D。 5．（23-24八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期末）Have the school ________ the right person to attend the meeting yet? A．choose B．choosen C．chose D．chosen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：学校有没有选择合适的人来参加会议？ 考查过去分词的变化规则。choose选择，动词原形；choosen单词拼写错误；chose选择，过去式；chosen选择，过去分词。根据“yet”可知，时态为现在完成时；根据“Have”可知，后面接动词的过去分词；choose的过去分词形式为chosen。故选D。 6．（23-24八年级上·河北张家口·阶段练习）He told me he would be here at 2 o’clock. But he ________ yet. A．didn’t arrive B．isn’t arriving C．hasn’t arrived D．won’t arrive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他告诉我他两点钟到。但他还没到。 考查时态。didn’t arrive一般过去时；isn’t arriving现在进行时；hasn’t arrived现在完成时；won’t arrive一般将来时。根据“yet”和语境可知，他告诉我他两点到，可推测此处是他还没到，时态为现在完成时，主语为he，第三人称单数，谓语用“has+过去分词”的结构，arrived“到达”为动词过去分词。故选C。 7．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Jack’s train ________. Let’s go on waiting for him here. A．hasn’t arrived B．didn’t arrive C．doesn’t arrive D．won’t arrive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杰克的火车还没到。我们继续在这里等他吧。 考查动词时态。hasn’t arrived现在完成时；didn’t arrive一般过去时；doesn’t arrive一般现在时；won’t arrive一般将来时。根据“Let’s go on waiting for him here.”可知火车还没到。用现在完成时，故选A。 8．（23-24八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）—Who knows the documentary China the Mission (任务) to the Moon? —Everyone in the class. We ________ it several times so far since our geography teacher ________ it. A．watched; introduced B．watch; introduces C．have watched; introduced D．will watch; introduces 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁知道纪录片《中国探月任务》？——班上每个人都知道。自从我们地理老师介绍后，到目前为止，我们已经看了好几次了。 考查现在完成时。根据“since”可知，此句应该用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是“we”，所以用“have watched”；根据“since”引导的时间状语从句应该用一般过去时，可知第二空应该用“introduce”的过去式“introduced”。故选C。 9．（24-25八年级上·江西宜春·期末）—I heard the beginning of Little Me starred by Yi Yangqianxi is quite touching. —What a pity! When I got to the cinema yesterday, the film ________ for several minutes. A．began B．had began C．had been on D．has been on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我听说易烊千玺主演的《小小的我》的开始部分相当感人。——太遗憾了！昨天当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始几分钟了。 考查过去完成时及词语辨析。begin开始，非延续性动词；be on上映，延续性词语。根据“When I got to the cinema yesterday”及语境可知电影在到达之前已经开始了，发生在“过去的过去”，所以此处时态为过去完成时，其谓语结构为“had+done”，而由“for several minutes”可知此处应用延续性词语，故选C。 10．（23-24七年级上·上海徐汇·期中）Luna has ________ in bed for two hours after ________ the book on the desk next to her bed. A．lied, lying B．lay, lain C．laid, lying D．lain, laying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：露娜把书放在床边的桌子上后，躺在床上两个小时了。 考查动词时态和非谓语动词。lie躺，过去式为lay，过去分词是lain，现在分词是lying；lay放置、铺放，其过去式和过去分词都是laid，现在分词是laying。根据上下文语境可知，空一表示“躺”，根据空前has的提示可知，句子应是现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done，lie“躺”的过去分词是lain；空二表示“放置”，故应用lay，因其在介词after之后，故应用动名词形式laying。故选D。 题型二：表示影响（动作已完成） 11．（23-24八年级下·甘肃陇南·期末）I ________ the documentary A Plastic Ocean several times so far. A．watched B．watch C．have watched D．will watch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到目前为止，我已经看过几次纪录片《塑料海洋》了。 考查动词的时态。根据“so far”可知，此处指过去发生的事情，对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 12．（23-24八年级下·辽宁大连·期末）—Have you watched Tom and Jerry? —Yes. I ______ it three times. A．watch B．watched C．has watched D．have watched 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你看过《猫和老鼠》吗？——是的。我看了三遍。 考查动词的时态。根据“three times”可知时态是现在完成时。主语I后接have+过去分词。故选D。 13．（23-24八年级下·安徽淮北·期末）—Do you want me to clean the kitchen this afternoon? —No, thanks. I _______ it already. A．will clean B．clean C．have cleaned D．was cleaning 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——今天下午，你想要我清扫厨房吗？——不，谢谢。我已经清扫好了。 考查现在完成时。根据“No, thanks.”可知厨房已经在过去打扫好了，由现在完成时时间标志词“already”可知应该用现在完成时 。故选C。 14．（23-24八年级下·河北唐山·期末）—Do you know that we’ll have a meeting at three this afternoon? —Yes. Jack ________ me about it. A．will tell B．was telling C．tells D．has told 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道我们今天下午三点开会吗？——知道。Jack已经告诉过我这件事了。 考查现在完成时。will tell告诉，一般将来时；was telling告诉，过去进行时；tells告诉，三单形式；has told告诉。现在完成时。根据答句“Yes”可知已经知道会议时间了，说明Jack已经告诉过我了，句子应用现在完成时。故选D。 15．（23-24八年级下·河北保定·期末）I ________ some photos of my hometown. Come and have a look. A．take B．am taking C．have taken D．will take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我拍了一些家乡的照片，快来看看吧。 考查现在完成时。根据后文“Come and have a look.”可知，动作已经完成，所以是现在完成时。故选C。 16．（23-24八年级下·云南迪庆·期末）—Would you like to watch the movie with me? —I’d love to, but I ______________ it already. A．watch B．watched C．have watched D．was watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起看电影吗？——我很乐意，但是我已经看过了。 考查动词时态。根据“already”可知，时态为现在完成时have/has done，主语是I，助动词用have。故选C。 17．（23-24八年级下·广东江门·期末）The Smiths are fond of travelling, and they ________ many countries. A．have gone to B．travelled to C．travel to D．have travelled to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：史密斯一家喜欢旅游，他们已经旅游过很多国家。 考查现在完成时。have gone to去了（未回），现在完成时；travelled to一般过去时；travel to一般现在时；have travelled to现在完成时。根据“they...many countries”可知，“旅游过很多的国家”这一动作已经发生，且对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，排除选项B、C；选项A语义与原文含义不符。故选D。 18．（23-24八年级下·云南大理·期末）—Where is your sister, Cathy? —She ______ to the Snow County in Heilongjiang. She will be back this Sunday. A．has been B．has gone C．went D．will go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——凯西，你妹妹在哪儿？——她去了黑龙江的雪乡。她将在这个星期天回来。 考查现在完成时态。根据“She will be back this Sunday.”和“to the Snow County in Heilongjiang”可知，凯西的妹妹已经去了黑龙江的雪乡，句子时态用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has + 动词的过去分词。have gone to表示去了某地，或者在去某地的路上，是“去而未返”；have been to表示曾经去过某地，现在已经回来，即“去而已返”。根据题干中“She will be back this Sunday.”可知，妹妹去了黑龙江的雪乡，不在说话地，是“去而未返”，因此应用has gone。故选B。 19．（23-24八年级下·河北唐山·期末）If you ________ it, put up your hands and let me know. A．were finishing B．will finish C．have finished D．are finishing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你已经完成了，请举手告诉我。 考查现在完成时。“完成”和“举手示意”存在先后关系，所以从句应用现在完成时“have/has+done”，表示已完成的动作对现在的影响，“已经完成了”才能“举手告诉我”。故选C。 20．（23-24八年级下·云南普洱·期末）—________ you ________ of the International Museum of Toilets in India yet? — No, not yet. A．Has; heard B．Have ; heard C．Did; hear D．Do; hear 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你听说过印度的国际厕所博物馆吗？——不，没有听过。 考查动词时态。根据答语“No, not yet”可判断问句要用现在完成时have/has done的结构，根据you可知，助动词用have，故选B。 21．（23-24八年级上·河北·期中）How clean the classroom is! I think someone ________ it. A．is cleaning B．will clean C．has cleaned D．cleans 【答案】C 【详解】句意：多么干净的教室啊！我认为有人打扫过。 考查动词时态。根据“How clean the classroom is”可知，过去的打扫动作对现在有影响，用现在完成时(have/has done)。故选C。 22．（24-25八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期中）It ________ a fantastic experience so far. A．is B．was C．has been D．have been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：到目前为止，这是一次奇妙的经历。 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。根据“so far”可知，应用现在完成时，结构是：have/has+动词过去分词，主语It表示单数，应用助动词has。故选C。 23．（24-25八年级上·上海·期末）More than five hundred students ________ this test in the ________ few years. A．have pasted; passed B．have passed; pass C．passed; past D．have passed; past 【答案】D 【详解】句意：超过500个学生在过去的几年通过了考试。 考查动词时态和介词。根据“in...few years”可知，表达在过去的几年，past“过去的”，形容词，此处修饰名词years，故第二空用in the past few years“在过去的几年里”；第一空，passed是pass过去式、过去分词形式，表示“经过，通过”，根据时间“in the past few years”可知，用现在完成时have done结构。故选D。 24．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）Astronauts (宇航员) on the Chinese Space Station _______ some plants already, and it helps us learn about living in space. A．grew B．were growing C．have grown D．will grow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国空间站上的宇航员已经种植了一些植物，这有助于我们了解太空生活。 考查动词时态。根据“already”是现在完成时的标志词可知，此处用现在完成时（have/has done），故选C。 25．（24-25八年级上·甘肃定西·期末）The environment in Gansu Province ________ a lot in the past few years. A．improved B．will improve C．was improving D．has improved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：甘肃省的环境在过去几年中有了很大的改善。 考查时态。根据“in the past few years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，构成为have/has done，主语为“The environment”，因此助动词用has。故选D。 题型三：表示持续（动作未完成） 26．（2023·安徽芜湖·一模）—High-speed trains, mobile payment, sharing bikes and online shopping are called “four new great inventions” of modern China.    —They ________ our daily lives more convenient. A．had made B．will make C．have made D．was making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——高铁，手机支付，共享单车和网购被称为现代中国的四大新发明。——它们已经使得我们的日常生活更方便。 考查现在完成时态。根据语境这种新的四大发明，是发生在过去延续到现在有可能会继续延续到将来，所以使用的时态是现在完成时（have/has+动词的过去分词）。故选C。 27．（23-24八年级上·甘肃白银·期末）In the past year, he many bad habits and made progress in math. A．changes B．has changed C．is changing D．will change 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去的一年里，他改变了许多坏习惯，在数学上取得了进步。 考查动词时态。根据“In the past year”可知，空处用现在完成时have/has done，主语是he，助动词用has。故选B。 28．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Mr. Howard thought Jean ________ present her science project yesterday, but she ________ it up to now. A．was going to; didn’t finish B．was going to; hasn’t finished C．would; didn’t finish D．would; hasn’t finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：霍华德先生原以为吉恩昨天会展示她的科学项目成果，但到目前为止她还没有完成。 考查动词时态。be going to含有“计划、准备”的意思，而will没有。根据“Mr. Howard thought”可知，宾语从句为霍德华先生的想法，而非吉恩的计划，所以排除选项A和B。又根据时间状语“up to now”直到现在，可知用现在完成时。故选D。 29．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）My mother ________ the shopping mall for hours. But she hasn’t found a favourite dress yet. A．went into B．has gone to C．has been in D．has arrived at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我妈妈已经在商场两个小时了。但是她还没有找到她最喜欢的裙子。 考查现在完成时。根据“for hours”和后文可知，时态应用现在完成时表延续；主语“My mother”为第三人称单数，助动词用has；动词“go”和“arrive”为非延续性，不能与一段时间连用。故选C。 30．（23-24八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）I am surprised at the new look of Hefei, for it ________ a lot over the years. A．changed B．changes C．will change D．has changed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我对合肥的新面貌感到惊讶，因为这些年来它发生了很大的变化。 考查动词时态。change改变，根据时间状语“over the years.”可知，该句是现在完成时，结构是have/has done。故选D。 31．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）A lot of money _______ at the charity show, but the cost of living _______ a lot, so we still need to do much work to help people in need. A．was raised; has risen B．was raised; is risen C．rose; has risen D．rose; were raised 【答案】A 【详解】句意：慈善演出筹集了很多钱，但生活成本已经上涨了很多，所以我们仍然需要做很多工作来帮助有需要的人。 考查动词辨析及时态语态。raise筹集；rise提高。前半句主语money是动词raise的动作承受者，第一空应用被动语态be done结构，排除C和D；第二空指生活成本提高，rise为不及物动词，无被动语态，排除B。故选A。 32．（23-24八年级下·吉林长春·期末）Mrs. Black ________ me a lot with my English in the last three years. A．helps B．helped C．is helping D．has helped 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在过去的三年里，布莱克夫人在英语方面给了我很大的帮助。 考查动词时态。根据“me a lot with my English in the last three years.”可知，这句话说的是三年前持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，主语为Mrs. Black，助动词用has，故选D。 33．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·期末）—It’s raining! When did it start? —I don’t know exactly. In fact, the weather report says that it ________ for two days. A．lasts B．has lasted C．lasted D．will last 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——下雨了！什么时候开始的？——我并不确切知道。事实上，天气预报说它已经持续了两天。 考查时态辨析。lasts持续，单三形式，用于一般现在时；has lasted已经持续，现在完成时；lasted持续，动词过去式，用于一般过去时；will last将持续，用于一般将来时。根据“It’s raining! When did it start?”及“I don’t know exactly. In fact, the weather report says that it…for two days.”可知，下雨的事件发生在过去，现在还在持续，应用现在完成时，其结构have/has+done，主语为it，助动词应用has。故选B。 34．（23-24八年级下·北京顺义·期末）—Lucy, is your aunt a teacher? —Yes, she is. She ________ English in this school for nearly 20 years. A．teaches B．is teaching C．has taught D．will teach 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Lucy，你的姑姑是老师吗？——是的，她是。她在这所学校教英语将近20年了。 考查动词的时态。根据“for nearly 20 years”可知，表示动作的持续，应使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done，主语为She，助动词用has。故选C。 35．（24-25八年级上·湖南衡阳·阶段练习）—How long _________ you ________? —For three years. A．do；paint B．are；painting C．did；painted D．have；painted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你画画多久了？——三年了。 考查现在完成时。根据答语“For three years.”可知，问句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语为you，助动词用have，paint的过去分词是painted。故选D。 题型四：延续性动词与非延续性动词 36．（23-24八年级下·江西吉安·期末）—Your new watch is really nice! When did you buy it? —In April. I ________ it for two months. A．had B．bought C．have had D．have bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的新手表很漂亮。你什么时候买的？——4月。我已经买了2个月了。 考查现在完成时和延续性动词。根据“for two months”可知时态为现在完成时“have/has done”，排除A、B；buy“买”为瞬间动词，与时间段连用应用延续性动词have。故选C。 37．（23-24八年级下·山东菏泽·期末）—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it? —In May. I ________ it for two weeks. A．had B．have had C．have bought D．bought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 你的新自行车真漂亮！你什么时候买的？—— 5月份。我已经买了两个星期了。 考查现在完成时和延续性动词。had一般过去时，延续性动词；have had现在完成时，延续性动词；have bought现在完成时，非延续性动词；bought一般过去时，非延续性动词。根据“for two weeks”可知，时态是现在完成时，且谓语动词用延续性动作。故选B。 38．（23-24八年级下·甘肃张掖·期末）The old man ________ for five years. A．died B．has died C．has dead D．has been dead 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那位老人已经去世五年了。 考查现在完成时。die去世，是瞬间性动词；dead死亡的，是形容词，不能单独作谓语，排除C项；be dead去世，是延续性动词。根据“for five years”可知，此处与时间段连用，用延续性动词，用现在完成时，故选D。 39．（23-24八年级下·安徽安庆·期末）—The new dress looks good on you. When did you buy it? —On May 15th. I ________ it for a week. A．have bought B．bought C．have had D．buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这件新裙子你穿起来很好看。你什么时候买的？——五月十五日。 我已经买一个星期了。 考查现在完成时的延续性动词。根据“for a week”可知是现在完成时态，由于buy是短暂性动词，不能与for+一段时间连用，应变为延续性动词have had。故选C。 40．（23-24八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）—How long has Wuhu Museum ________? —For nearly 10 years. I like visiting it and know about the history and culture of our hometown. A．opened B．been open C．started D．been on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——芜湖博物馆开放多久了？——将近10年了。我喜欢参观它，了解我们家乡的历史和文化。 考查动词。opened开始，为瞬间动词；been open开放的，表状态；started开始，为瞬间动词；been on上映，表状态。根据“How long has Wuhu Museum”以及“For nearly 10 years”可知，设空处应该用延续性动词，排除选项A和选项C；问的芜湖博物馆开放多久了，可用been open表示状态。故选B。 41．（23-24八年级下·安徽宿州·期末）—How long has your uncle ________ this personal computer? —Since ten years ago. He wants to buy a new one. A．has B．bought C．kept D．have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你叔叔用这台个人电脑多久了？——从十年前开始。他想买一个新的。 考查现在完成时。has/have拥有，延续性动词；bought购买，非延续性动词；kept保有，延续性动词。根据“since ten years ago”和“how long has your uncle”可知，时态是现在完成时且动词要用延续性动词，结构为has done。kept符合。故选C。 42．（23-24八年级下·江西景德镇·期末）The Greens have ________ here for three years. A．came B．got C．lived D．left 【答案】C 【详解】句意：格林一家已经在这里生活了三年。 考查动词。came来，是瞬间性动词；got得到，是瞬间性动词；lived居住，是延续性动词；left离开，是瞬间性动词。根据“for three years”可知，与时间段连用，用延续性动词，故选C。 43．（23-24八年级下·河北张家口·期末）I have ________ the magazine for two weeks. I’ll return it this afternoon. A．looked B．lent C．bought D．kept 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我把这本杂志保存了两个星期。我今天下午会把它还回去。 考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。looked 看，短暂性动词；lent 借出，短暂性动词；bought 买，短暂性动词；kept 保存，延续性动词。根据“for two weeks”可知句子和时间段连用，此处用延续性动词，故选kept。故选D。 44．（23-24八年级下·云南大理·期末）—How long have you had the bike? —I ________ it since I was six years old. A．bought B．have bought C．have had D．has bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你有这辆自行车多久了？——自从六岁开始我就拥有了这辆自行车。 考查动词的时态。根据“since I was six years old”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，排除A；主语为“I”，助动词用have，排除D；have bought为短暂性动词，不能与since引导的时间状语连用，排除B；而have had表示延续，是延续性动词，可以与since引导的时间状语连用。故选C。 45．（23-24八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）—Why are you in such a hurry? —Because the class ________ for 10 minutes. A．is on B．has been on C．begins D．has begun 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么急？——因为已经上课10分钟了。 考查现在完成时。根据“for 10 minutes”可知，句子应使用现在完成时态，结构为have/has done。而且句子和一段时间连用，谓语动词用延续性动词，begin对应的延续性动词为be on。故选B。 46．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）Jim, turn off the TV. It ________ for two hours. A．began B．has begun C．was on D．has been on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：吉姆，关掉电视。它已经开了两个小时。 考查现在完成时。根据“for two hours”可知，时态应为现在完成进行时（have/has done），且用延续性动词。begin是非延续性动词，be on是延续性动词。故选D。 47．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）—How long may I ________ your bike, Denial? —For two weeks. But you mustn’t ________ it to others, Amy. A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．keep; borrow D．lend; borrow 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——丹尼斯，你的自行车我可以借多久？——两周。艾米，但是你不能把它借给别人。 考查动词。borrow借入，是瞬间性动词；lend借出，是瞬间性动词；keep保留，是延续性动词。根据“How long”可知，与时间段连用，用延续性动词，因此第一空用keep。lend sth to sb“把某物借给某人”，因此第一空用lend，故选B。 48．（24-25八年级上·江苏连云港·期中）This is not ________ useful book for me, but I will ________ it for a week because I don’t have time to return it. A．an; keep B．a; keep C．an; borrow D．a; borrow 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这对我来说不是一本有用的书，但是我将借一周，因为我没时间去还书。 考查冠词和动词辨析。a/an不定冠词，泛指物体、事物，用在可数名词或名词短语前，表示一个或一类；a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；useful以辅音音素/juː/开头，需用不定冠词a修饰；keep保存，保留；borrow借入。根据语境可知，此处描述一本对我来说没有用的书，表示泛指，需用不定冠词a修饰；再由for a week可知，我会再保存它一个星期，需用keep。故选B。 【点睛】keep是一个延续性动词，可以接延续性的时间状语 for a week；而borrow是瞬时性动词，不能接延续性的时间状语。 49．（24-25八年级上·辽宁沈阳·阶段练习）—Ms White, how long can I _________ the dictionary?   —No rush, take your time! A．have B．borrow C．lend D．keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——怀特小姐，这本字典我可以借多久？——不急，慢慢来！ 考查延续性动词以及短暂性动词。have有，延续性动词；borrow借入，非延续性动词；lend借出，非延续性动词；keep保留，延续性动词。how long“多久”，与延续性动词一起搭配，排除B和C选项。根据“how long can I … the dictionary”可知，此处指可以保留字典的时段，故选D。 50．（23-24八年级下·安徽滁州·期末）Please hurry up! The TV play for ten minutes. A．started B．has started C．was on D．has been on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：快点，电视剧已经开始10分钟了。 考查现在完成时。started开始，一般过去时；has started已经开始，现在完成时；was on在放映，一般过去时；has been on已经放映，现在完成时。时间状语“for ten minutes”需搭配现在完成时，可排除AC项；start是非延续性动词，不能搭配段时；be on表示状态，可延续，be的过去分词是been。故选D。 题型五：have been to/have gone to区别 51．（23-24八年级下·云南文山·期末）—How was your trip to Yulong Snow Mountain? —It was great. I ________ there twice. A．has gone B．has been C．have gone D．have been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你去玉龙雪山的旅行怎么样？——太棒了。我去过那里两次。 考查完成时及主谓一致。have gone to已经去了，表示人还未回来；have been to去过，表示人已经回来了。根据主语为“I”并结合选项可知，此处应用动词原形；根据“twice”可知，此处表示去过那里两次。故选D。 52．（23-24八年级上·河南郑州·期中）—Where is Mr. Zhao? —He ________ to Mount Tai. He’ll come back ________ a week. A．has been; in B．has gone; after C．has gone; in D．has been; after 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——赵先生在哪里？——他去泰山了。他一周后回来。 考查动词短语辨析和介词辨析。has been to去过某地（已回来）；has gone to去了某地（未回来）；in+时间段，表示“在……之后（用于一般将来时或一般现在时）”，通常与表示将来时态的句子连用；after+时间段，表示“在……之后（用于一般过去时）”，通常与表示过去时态的句子连用。根据“Where is Mr. Zhao?”可知，赵先生还没回来，所以应该用has gone to；再根据“He’ll come back”可知，此处应该用in表示“在……之后”，用于一般将来时。故选C。 53．（23-24八年级下·甘肃武威·期末）Lisa ________ to Chengdu last week. She ________ there three times. A．has gone to; has been B．went; has been C．went; has gone D．has been;went 【答案】B 【详解】句意：丽莎上周去了成都。她已经去过那里三次了。 考查动词时态和动词短语。went去，过去式；has been to曾经去过某地；has gone to去了。根据“last week”可知，第一个空使用动词过去式；根据“three times”可知，此处第二个空使用has been to，表示“曾经去过（某地）”，there为地点副词，to需要省略。故选B。 54．（23-24八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）—Where is your younger sister? —She ________ Wuhu Squirrel Town with her classmates. A．has been to B．was in C．has gone to D．will be in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你妹妹在哪里？——她和她的同学去了芜湖松鼠小镇。 考查动词时态。has been to去过某地（已回来）；was in过去某个时候在某地；has gone to去了某地（还未回来）；will be in将来某个时候在某地。根据“She ... Wuhu Squirrel Town with her classmates.”可知，妹妹去了芜湖松鼠小镇还未回来，故选C。 55．（23-24八年级下·甘肃平凉·期末）—I saw Mr. Lin his office just now. —No, it ________ be him. He has ________ Guangzhou and will be back in two days. A．mustn’t; gone to B．mustn’t; been to C．can’t; been to D．can’t; gone to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我刚才看见林先生在他的办公室里。——不，不可能是他。他去了广州，两天后回来。 考查情态动词和现在完成时。mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，表示现在已不在那里了；have gone to意为“已经去了某地”，说话时此人还没回来。根据下文“He has…Guangzhou”可知，此处表否定推测，A、B选项可排除；又根据下文“will be back in two days”可知，林先生还在广州没有回来，故第二空应用gone to。故选D。 56．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Where is Miss Smith, Tina? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left ten minutes ago. A．has been to B．has gone to C．is going to D．goes to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——史密斯小姐在哪里，蒂娜？——她去公司参加一个重要会议了。她十分钟前就走了。 考查现在完成时。has been to去过某地（已经回来了）；has gone to去了某地（还没有回来）；is going to将会去；goes to去。根据“She left ten minutes ago”可知，Tina已经离开了，不在这里了，应用has gone to。故选B。 57．（23-24八年级下·宁夏银川·期末）—Have you ever _________ the Great Wall? —Yes, only once. A．been to B．gone to C．go to D．been 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾去过长城吗？——是的，只去过一次。 考查现在完成时。have been to是指某人去过某地，但是现在不在那里；have gone to是指某人去了某地，还没回来，也可能是在去的途中；根据“Have you ever...”可知，这里是询问的是曾经做过的事情，因此这里应该用have been to。故选A。 58．（24-25八年级上·甘肃天水·期中）— China is a wonderful place. —So it is. I ________ there twice. A．have been B．have gone C．went D．will go 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——中国是一个很棒的地方。——确实是。我已经去过那里两次。 考查现在完成时。have been去过，表示曾经去过，现在已经回来了，用于现在完成时态；have gone去了，表示去了还没有回来，用于现在完成时态；went去，表示过去的动作，用于一般过去时态；will go打算去，表示未来的动作，用于一般将来时态。根据“I…there twice.”可知，此处表示已经去过中国两次，现在已经回来了，句子应是现在完成时态，主语是I“我”，用have been to…表示“去过某地”并已返回。故选A。 59．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—Hello! This is Daniel speaking. May I speak to Amy, please? —Sorry, but she ________ the city library. A．will go to B．was going to C．has gone to D．goes to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好！我是丹尼尔。我可以和艾米说话吗？——对不起，她去市图书馆了。 考查现在完成时。will go to为一般将来时；was going to为过去将来时；has gone to为现在完成时；goes to为一般现在时。根据“May I speak to Amy, please?”以及答语“Sorry, but she…the city library.”可知，此处指Amy去图书馆了，还没有回来，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。故选C。 60．（24-25八年级上·辽宁沈阳·阶段练习）Denise _________ the Liaoning Provincial Museum for hours and she will be back at five o’clock. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has gone in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Denise已经在辽宁省博物馆待了几个小时，并且她将在五点回来。 考查现在完成时。has been to去过某地；has gone to去了某地；has been in待在某地；has gone in错误形式。根据“for hours”可知，此处指Denise在博物馆待了几个小时。故选C。 12 同步新课程，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 17 同步新课程，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2024-2025学年一线教师制作同步精品系列资料，已编校！ 2024-2025学年一线教师制作同步精品系列资料，已编校！ Module2 Experiences 重点语法：现在完成时（1）（五大题型，60题）精讲练 目录 语法知识精讲 1 语法知识精练 3 题型一：过去分词变化规则 3 题型二：表示影响（动作已完成） 4 题型三：表示持续（动作未完成） 6 题型四：延续性动词与非延续性动词 7 题型五：have been to/have gone to区别 9 语法知识精讲 一、现在完成时的用法 用法1：表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。 Eddie has eaten my food. Eddie吃了我的食物。 用法2：表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在，并有可能继续延续下去的动作或状态。 He has lived here since 1995. 自从1995年以来，他一直住在这儿。 用法3：表示到现在为止，某一个动作发生了多少次 I have already read this book many times so far. (到现在为止，我已经读过这本书许多次了) 二、现在完成时的句式 1.构成 助动词has/have +动词的过去分词 陈述句 They have finished their homework. He has finished his homework. 否定句 They haven’t finished their homework. He hasn’t finished his homework. 一般疑问句 Have they finished their homework? Yes, they have. / No, they haven’t. 2.动词的过去分词： 规则动词的过去分词的构成 1.大多数的动词的过去分词是规则的，只需在动词后加-ed；例如： work→worked listen→listened jump→jumped visit→visited 2. 在以-e结尾的动词后只加-d；例如： close→closed like→liked agree→agreed move→moved 3.在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加ed；例如： study→studied carry→carried try→tried worry→worried 4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed；例如： stop→stopped drop→dropped 不规则动词的过去分词的构成 1. 有些动词的原形和过去分词相同；例如： put→put hurt→hurt become→become run→run 2.改变单词中间元音字母；例如： sit→sat win→won hold→held 3.把单词结尾的字母d改为t；例如： lend→lent spend→spent send→sent 4.以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept；例如： keep→kept sleep→slept 5. 过去分词以aught或ought结尾；例如： teach→taught buy→bought 6.以ay结尾的动词，把ay变成aid；例如： say→said pay→paid 7.在原形词尾加n或en；例如： give→given eat→eaten 语法知识精练 题型一：过去分词变化规则 1．（23-24八年级下·上海·期末）I ________ the book yet. A．haven’t read B．hadn’t read C．don’t read D．am not reading 2．（23-24八年级上·上海青浦·期末）Beijing ________ an increasing number of cultural and historical parks in recent years. A．develops B．developed C．has developed D．was developing 3．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Some paintings ________ on the wall after our flat decoration ________. A．will be hunged, is finished B．will be hung, will be finished C．will be hung, is finished D．are hung, will be finished 4．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）— Would you like to see the movie with me tonight, Simon? — Sorry. I ________ it twice. A．see B．saw C．will see D．have seen 5．（23-24八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期末）Have the school ________ the right person to attend the meeting yet? A．choose B．choosen C．chose D．chosen 6．（23-24八年级上·河北张家口·阶段练习）He told me he would be here at 2 o’clock. But he ________ yet. A．didn’t arrive B．isn’t arriving C．hasn’t arrived D．won’t arrive 7．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Jack’s train ________. Let’s go on waiting for him here. A．hasn’t arrived B．didn’t arrive C．doesn’t arrive D．won’t arrive 8．（23-24八年级下·湖北武汉·期末）—Who knows the documentary China the Mission (任务) to the Moon? —Everyone in the class. We ________ it several times so far since our geography teacher ________ it. A．watched; introduced B．watch; introduces C．have watched; introduced D．will watch; introduces 9．（24-25八年级上·江西宜春·期末）—I heard the beginning of Little Me starred by Yi Yangqianxi is quite touching. —What a pity! When I got to the cinema yesterday, the film ________ for several minutes. A．began B．had began C．had been on D．has been on 10．（23-24七年级上·上海徐汇·期中）Luna has ________ in bed for two hours after ________ the book on the desk next to her bed. A．lied, lying B．lay, lain C．laid, lying D．lain, laying 题型二：表示影响（动作已完成） 11．（23-24八年级下·甘肃陇南·期末）I ________ the documentary A Plastic Ocean several times so far. A．watched B．watch C．have watched D．will watch 12．（23-24八年级下·辽宁大连·期末）—Have you watched Tom and Jerry? —Yes. I ______ it three times. A．watch B．watched C．has watched D．have watched 13．（23-24八年级下·安徽淮北·期末）—Do you want me to clean the kitchen this afternoon? —No, thanks. I _______ it already. A．will clean B．clean C．have cleaned D．was cleaning 14．（23-24八年级下·河北唐山·期末）—Do you know that we’ll have a meeting at three this afternoon? —Yes. Jack ________ me about it. A．will tell B．was telling C．tells D．has told 15．（23-24八年级下·河北保定·期末）I ________ some photos of my hometown. Come and have a look. A．take B．am taking C．have taken D．will take 16．（23-24八年级下·云南迪庆·期末）—Would you like to watch the movie with me? —I’d love to, but I ______________ it already. A．watch B．watched C．have watched D．was watching 17．（23-24八年级下·广东江门·期末）The Smiths are fond of travelling, and they ________ many countries. A．have gone to B．travelled to C．travel to D．have travelled to 18．（23-24八年级下·云南大理·期末）—Where is your sister, Cathy? —She ______ to the Snow County in Heilongjiang. She will be back this Sunday. A．has been B．has gone C．went D．will go 19．（23-24八年级下·河北唐山·期末）If you ________ it, put up your hands and let me know. A．were finishing B．will finish C．have finished D．are finishing 20．（23-24八年级下·云南普洱·期末）—________ you ________ of the International Museum of Toilets in India yet? — No, not yet. A．Has; heard B．Have ; heard C．Did; hear D．Do; hear 21．（23-24八年级上·河北·期中）How clean the classroom is! I think someone ________ it. A．is cleaning B．will clean C．has cleaned D．cleans 22．（24-25八年级上·辽宁沈阳·期中）It ________ a fantastic experience so far. A．is B．was C．has been D．have been 23．（24-25八年级上·上海·期末）More than five hundred students ________ this test in the ________ few years. A．have pasted; passed B．have passed; pass C．passed; past D．have passed; past 24．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）Astronauts (宇航员) on the Chinese Space Station _______ some plants already, and it helps us learn about living in space. A．grew B．were growing C．have grown D．will grow 25．（24-25八年级上·甘肃定西·期末）The environment in Gansu Province ________ a lot in the past few years. A．improved B．will improve C．was improving D．has improved 题型三：表示持续（动作未完成） 26．（2023·安徽芜湖·一模）—High-speed trains, mobile payment, sharing bikes and online shopping are called “four new great inventions” of modern China.    —They ________ our daily lives more convenient. A．had made B．will make C．have made D．was making 27．（23-24八年级上·甘肃白银·期末）In the past year, he many bad habits and made progress in math. A．changes B．has changed C．is changing D．will change 28．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Mr. Howard thought Jean ________ present her science project yesterday, but she ________ it up to now. A．was going to; didn’t finish B．was going to; hasn’t finished C．would; didn’t finish D．would; hasn’t finished 29．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）My mother ________ the shopping mall for hours. But she hasn’t found a favourite dress yet. A．went into B．has gone to C．has been in D．has arrived at 30．（23-24八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）I am surprised at the new look of Hefei, for it ________ a lot over the years. A．changed B．changes C．will change D．has changed 31．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）A lot of money _______ at the charity show, but the cost of living _______ a lot, so we still need to do much work to help people in need. A．was raised; has risen B．was raised; is risen C．rose; has risen D．rose; were raised 32．（23-24八年级下·吉林长春·期末）Mrs. Black ________ me a lot with my English in the last three years. A．helps B．helped C．is helping D．has helped 33．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·期末）—It’s raining! When did it start? —I don’t know exactly. In fact, the weather report says that it ________ for two days. A．lasts B．has lasted C．lasted D．will last 34．（23-24八年级下·北京顺义·期末）—Lucy, is your aunt a teacher? —Yes, she is. She ________ English in this school for nearly 20 years. A．teaches B．is teaching C．has taught D．will teach 35．（24-25八年级上·湖南衡阳·阶段练习）—How long _________ you ________? —For three years. A．do；paint B．are；painting C．did；painted D．have；painted 题型四：延续性动词与非延续性动词 36．（23-24八年级下·江西吉安·期末）—Your new watch is really nice! When did you buy it? —In April. I ________ it for two months. A．had B．bought C．have had D．have bought 37．（23-24八年级下·山东菏泽·期末）—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it? —In May. I ________ it for two weeks. A．had B．have had C．have bought D．bought 38．（23-24八年级下·甘肃张掖·期末）The old man ________ for five years. A．died B．has died C．has dead D．has been dead 39．（23-24八年级下·安徽安庆·期末）—The new dress looks good on you. When did you buy it? —On May 15th. I ________ it for a week. A．have bought B．bought C．have had D．buy 40．（23-24八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）—How long has Wuhu Museum ________? —For nearly 10 years. I like visiting it and know about the history and culture of our hometown. A．opened B．been open C．started D．been on 41．（23-24八年级下·安徽宿州·期末）—How long has your uncle ________ this personal computer? —Since ten years ago. He wants to buy a new one. A．has B．bought C．kept D．have 42．（23-24八年级下·江西景德镇·期末）The Greens have ________ here for three years. A．came B．got C．lived D．left 43．（23-24八年级下·河北张家口·期末）I have ________ the magazine for two weeks. I’ll return it this afternoon. A．looked B．lent C．bought D．kept 44．（23-24八年级下·云南大理·期末）—How long have you had the bike? —I ________ it since I was six years old. A．bought B．have bought C．have had D．has bought 45．（23-24八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）—Why are you in such a hurry? —Because the class ________ for 10 minutes. A．is on B．has been on C．begins D．has begun 46．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）Jim, turn off the TV. It ________ for two hours. A．began B．has begun C．was on D．has been on 47．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）—How long may I ________ your bike, Denial? —For two weeks. But you mustn’t ________ it to others, Amy. A．borrow; lend B．keep; lend C．keep; borrow D．lend; borrow 48．（24-25八年级上·江苏连云港·期中）This is not ________ useful book for me, but I will ________ it for a week because I don’t have time to return it. A．an; keep B．a; keep C．an; borrow D．a; borrow 49．（24-25八年级上·辽宁沈阳·阶段练习）—Ms White, how long can I _________ the dictionary?   —No rush, take your time! A．have B．borrow C．lend D．keep 50．（23-24八年级下·安徽滁州·期末）Please hurry up! The TV play for ten minutes. A．started B．has started C．was on D．has been on 题型五：have been to/have gone to区别 51．（23-24八年级下·云南文山·期末）—How was your trip to Yulong Snow Mountain? —It was great. I ________ there twice. A．has gone B．has been C．have gone D．have been 52．（23-24八年级上·河南郑州·期中）—Where is Mr. Zhao? —He ________ to Mount Tai. He’ll come back ________ a week. A．has been; in B．has gone; after C．has gone; in D．has been; after 53．（23-24八年级下·甘肃武威·期末）Lisa ________ to Chengdu last week. She ________ there three times. A．has gone to; has been B．went; has been C．went; has gone D．has been;went 54．（23-24八年级下·安徽芜湖·期末）—Where is your younger sister? —She ________ Wuhu Squirrel Town with her classmates. A．has been to B．was in C．has gone to D．will be in 55．（23-24八年级下·甘肃平凉·期末）—I saw Mr. Lin his office just now. —No, it ________ be him. He has ________ Guangzhou and will be back in two days. A．mustn’t; gone to B．mustn’t; been to C．can’t; been to D．can’t; gone to 56．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—Where is Miss Smith, Tina? —She ________ her company for an important meeting. She left ten minutes ago. A．has been to B．has gone to C．is going to D．goes to 57．（23-24八年级下·宁夏银川·期末）—Have you ever _________ the Great Wall? —Yes, only once. A．been to B．gone to C．go to D．been 58．（24-25八年级上·甘肃天水·期中）— China is a wonderful place. —So it is. I ________ there twice. A．have been B．have gone C．went D．will go 59．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—Hello! This is Daniel speaking. May I speak to Amy, please? —Sorry, but she ________ the city library. A．will go to B．was going to C．has gone to D．goes to 60．（24-25八年级上·辽宁沈阳·阶段练习）Denise _________ the Liaoning Provincial Museum for hours and she will be back at five o’clock. A．has been to B．has gone to C．has been in D．has gone in 8 同步新课程，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 9 同步新课程，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$