Unit 5 What an adventure! Words and Expressions 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

UNIT 5　What an adventure! Words and Expressions To learn to pronounce the words correctly To learn and practice some key words □initial /ɪ' nɪ∫(ə)l/ adj. 开始的, 最初的，初始的 initially adv. 起初，最初 thus /ðʌs/ adv. 因此, 从而 □zone /zəʊn/ n. 地区，地带，区域 (C) oxygen / 'ɒksɪdʒ (ə)n/ n. 氧气；氧元素 (U) □border / 'bɔːdə / n. 国界，边界，边境；边界线 (C) confirm / kən‘ fɜːm/ v. 证实，证明 confirmation n. (C/U) crowd / kraʊd / n. 人群 v. 群集，拥塞 crowded adj. 拥挤的，挤满的 * sheer /∫ɪə / adj. 纯粹的，十足的 bring… into focus 使……成为焦点 attempt /ə' tempt/ n. & v. 努力，尝试(尤困难之事) (C) failure /' feɪljə / n. 失败(U); 失败的事物或人(C) □psychologist /saɪ' kɒlədʒɪst/ n. 心理学家 psychology n. 心理学（U） * thrill /θrɪl/ n. 惊险，刺激(U)； 惊险刺激的事, 惊险刺激的小说或电影(C) port /pɔː t / n. 港，港口(C/U)；港口城市(C) 1 1. crowd n. 人群 (C); the ~ 大众，百姓 　 v. 聚集；拥挤；挤满, 塞满 （教材原句) Last year，hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds，discomfort and danger. 去年，数以百计的人在一种他们知道会有拥挤、不适和危险的体验上花了很多钱。 ◆要点必记 （1）a crowd of 一群…… in the crowd 在人群里 follow the crowd 随大溜 （2）crowd … with … 用……塞满，挤满…… be crowded with 挤满…… crowd into 大批涌入…… ◆单句语法填空 （1） There are __________crowd）of people in the theatre. （2） Too many strange thoughts ______ (crowd) her mind. ◆单句写作 （3） We all ____________（涌进）her office to sing “Happy Birthday”. （4）In the spring the place _____________（挤满）skiers. crowds crowed crowded into is crowded with 2.　 bring ... into focus 使……成为焦点 (教材原句) It brings into focus what’s important to you. 它会让你关注对你来说重要的事情。 ◆要点必记 become the focus of attention 成为关注的焦点 come into focus 成为焦点 focus(…) on… 把(注意力等)集中于…… focus one’s attention/mind on... 把某人的注意力 / 心思集中于…… ◆拓展 fix one’s attention on 把某人的注意力集中于 concentrate (..) on 把注意力集中于 pay attention to… 注意 put one’s heart into… 全神贯注于 ◆单句语法填空 (1) The incident brought the problem of violence in schools _______sharp focus. (2) He forced himself to focus his thoughts _____work. ◆单句写作 (3)［2018·天津卷］There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to ________________　　　 （成为焦点）：food. (4) It is best to _______________（把注意力集中于）your future and leave this sad thing in the past. into on come into focus focus on/concentrate on 3. attempt n. 尝试，试图(C) v. 努力，尝试, 试图　 (教材原句) With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure... ……大多数攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试要么完全成功，要么失败…… ◆要点必记 （1）make an attempt to do sth. = make an attempt at doing sth. 试图, 尝试做某事 in an/one’s attempt to do sth. 为了做某事 at/on the first/second attempt 第一 / 二次尝试 （2）attempt to do sth. 试图做某事 ◆拓展 attempted adj. （犯罪等）未遂的 ◆单句语法填空 (1) Three retired women on a day trip to France disarmed(解除……的武装) a man who attempted ___________ （steal）their car. (2) A man is being questioned in relation to the __________（attempt） murder. ◆单句写作 (3) He didn’t succeed in setting a new record，but it was _________ （一次很好的尝试）. (4) He ____________________（ 试 图）winning first prize. (5) Two factories were closed _______________（为了）cut costs. to steal attempted a good attempt made an attempt at in an attempt to 4. failure n. ［ U ］失败； ［ C/U ］故障，失灵 ［ C ］失败的人或事 fail v. fail to do sth. 未能做某事 ◆要点 end in/result in failure 以失败告终 a failure 一个失败的人或一件失败的事 ◆单句写作 (1) He is ________（一个失败者）as a businessman，but a success as an artist. (2) We can never be perfect，so we often have __________________（挫败感）no matter how well we perform. a failure a sense of failure ◆单句语法填空 (3) His failure _______（help） us is disappointing. (4) There were also several accidents mainly caused by engine _________（fail）on take-off. to help failures unaware /ˌʌnə' weə/ adj. 未察觉的，未意识到的 □alcohol / 'ælkəhɒl/ n. 酒精，乙醇(C/U)；含酒精饮料，酒（U） * bandage / ' bændɪdʒ / n. 绷带(C) * plaster / ' plɑːstə/ n. 创可贴(C/U) * thermometer /θə' mɒmɪtə/ n. 体温计, 温度计 (C) □rubber / 'rʌbə/ n. 橡胶，合成橡胶(U)；橡皮擦(BrE) (C) □cotton / ' kɒtən/ n. 棉布，棉纱；棉花植株 (U) □wool /wʊl/ n. 羊毛，毛织物；毛绒，绒线 (U) woolen adj. 羊毛的，毛料的 cotton wool 药棉，脱脂棉 guideline / 'gaɪdlaɪn/ n. 指导方针，指导原则 (C) □cloth /klɒθ/ n. 布，布料(U)；(作某用途的)一块布(C) □bleeding / 'bliːdɪŋ / n. 流血, 失血(U) bleed (bled, bled ) v. 流血，出血 □liquid / 'lɪ kwɪd/ n. 液体, 液态物(C/U) □injury / 'ɪndʒəri / n. 伤害, 损害(U)；伤口，受伤处(C) □stretch /stre/ v. 延伸, 绵延；伸展，伸开；伸长 □league /li:g/ n. 里格(旧时长度单位,相当于3英里或3海里) 2 5. unaware adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的 (教材原句) At first，the sea was calm and we spent our days working，fishing and playing cards，happily unaware that we wouldn’t be back for a very long time. 起初，海面风平浪静，我们整天工作、钓鱼、打牌，幸好没有意识到我们要很长时间才能回来。 ◆常见搭配 be unaware of… /that… 未意识到…… seem unaware of/that... 似乎没有意识到…… be completely/totally unaware 完全没有察觉 ◆拓展 be/become aware of…/that… 意识到……知道 …… make sb. aware of/that... 使某人意识到…… ◆单句语法填空 (1) The audience sat there calmly，apparently _________（aware）of the danger. (2) Mr. White is unaware _______smoking is harmful to his health. (3) He seems unaware _________the trouble he’s causing. (4) The public ____________（aware）of the environmental problem will make the government take it seriously. ◆单句写作 (5) He ______________（未意识到）we are here. unaware of that awareness is unaware that 6. injury n. 伤害，损害(U); 受伤处，伤口 (C) injure v. 使受伤；伤害 injured adj. 受伤的 (教材原句) Offer first aid advice for injuries or illness in Activity 5. 为活动 5 中的伤痛或疾病提供急救建议。 ◆ （1）suffer/get/receive an injury 受伤 minor injuries 轻伤 （2）be badly/seriously injured 严重受伤 the injured 伤者；伤员（作主语时看作复数） ◆单句语法填空 （1） He suffered ____________(injure） to his legs and arms when he fell off the tree. （2） He was badly ________(injure）when he was cycling along the valley. （3） Luckily，the _________（injure）were soon taken to the hospital. （4） ________________（injure）in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual. injuries injured injured Being injured 7. stretch v. (使)延伸，绵延；伸开，伸展；伸出，伸长 n. 伸展，舒展（C） (教材原句) China’s National Highway 318，stretching over 5，000 kilometres，runs from Shanghai to Zhangmu，Tibet. 中国318 国道全长5 000 多千米，从上海到西藏樟木。 ◆常见搭配 （1）stretch to... 延伸到…… stretch into... 延伸进…… stretch for... 绵延达…… stretch out 伸出，伸开（手、脚等）；(fml)躺下（睡觉或休息） （2）at full stretch 全力以赴，竭尽所能；肢体伸直 by any stretch of the imagination / by no stretch of the imagination 任凭怎么想也（不），再怎么说也（不） ◆单句语法填空 （1） The Andes stretch _______about 8,900 km along the west coast of South America. （2）The exercises are designed ___________（stretch）and tone your leg muscles. ◆单句写作 （3）Make sure that ____________（把绳子拉紧）. （4） I _____________（伸出）a hand and picked up the book. （5） Fire crews have been operating __________（全力以赴）. （6） She could not，_______________________（任凭怎么想），be called beautiful. for to stretch the rope is stretched tight stretched out at full stretch by any stretch of imagination □servant / 'sɜː v(ə)nt/ n. 仆人, 佣人(C) * submarine / 'sʌbməri:n/ n. 潜(水)艇(C) charge / tʃɑː dʒ / n. 主管, 负责(U)；费用，价钱(C/U)；指控，控告(C)；电荷，电量(U) v. 收费，开价；指控，控告；公开指责；充电/ … □captain / ' kæptɪ n/ n. 船长；(陆)上尉；(海)上校；队长(C) ahead / ə ' hed/ adv. 在前面；领先 ahead of … go ahead permit / pə 'mɪ t / v. 允许, 准许, 许可 n. 许可证(C) * fascinated / 'fæsɪ neɪtɪd/ adj. 被迷住的, 被吸引住的 be fascinated with … chapter / ' tʃ æptə / n. 章节(C) □relate / rɪ 'leɪt/ v. 相联系, 有关联; 讲述；理解认同 * helmet / ' helmɪt / n. 头盔, 钢盔(C) nut / nʌt / n. 坚果(仁) (C) □astonish / ə ' stɒnɪ ʃ / v. 使吃惊, 使惊讶 astonished adj. astonishing adj. □ray / reɪ / n. 光线, 光束(C) □consume / kən' sju:m/ v. 消耗；消费；吃喝；充满，充斥 □distinguish /dɪ 'stɪŋwɪ ʃ / v. 看清; 认出；辨别，分辨；使……有特色而有别于 3 8. charge n.主管，负责(U)；费用，价钱(C/u) ；指控，控告(C); 电荷，电量(U) v. 收费，开价；指控，控告；公开指责；充电/ … (教材原句) They are captured and taken inside the submarine，where they meet the man in charge，Captain Nemo. 他们被捕获并带进了潜水艇，在那里他们遇到了负责人尼摩船长。 ◆要点 （1）take charge of 负责，掌管（短语动词） in charge of 负责，掌管（短语介词） in the charge of sb = in one’s charge 由……负责 / 掌管 free of charge 免费 a charge for... ……的收费 （2）charge sb. some money for sth. 因某事向某人收……费用 charge sb. with（doing） sth. 指控 / 指责某人（做）某事 ◆单句语法填空 The charge _____ transport will be increased because the price of petrol is going up.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (2) I wonder how much you charge ______ your services.　　　 (3) The police charged the young man ______ car theft. ◆单句写作 (4) His watch is worth 20 dollars. You can get it _____________（免费）if you are willing to lend us a hand. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (5) The man who had ____________（掌管） the company ________________（被 指 控）bribe-taking，because he accepted a large amount of money from a department manager 　　　 ___________（负责） the manufacturing. 　　 (6) My uncle is ________（负责） the local hospital；that is to say，the local hospital is ________（由……负责）my uncle. for for with in the charge of in charge of in charge of taken charge of free of charge was charged with 9. permit v. 允许，准许，许可　 n. 许可证(C) (教材原句) In order to keep this secret，Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine. 为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诉他的三个新乘客，他们不准离开潜水艇。 ◆permit用法 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 apply for a permit 申请许可证 ◆ permission n. 允许，许可 ask（for）permission 请求许可 get permission 获得许可 give permission 批准，许可 without permission 未经允许 with (sb’s) permission 经(某人的)允许 ◆单句语法填空 （1） The security system will not permit you ________（enter）without the correct password. （2）Only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted __________（return）to their houses. （3） ［2018·江苏卷］It’s strange that he should have taken the books without the owner’s 　_______（permit）. （4） Weather ___________, we will have a picnic on the beach. ◆单句写作 （5） You must _________________（请求许可）before taking photographs of the architecture. （6） No student shall touch the mixture _______________（未经许可）. to enter to return permission 　without permission permitting ask for permission 10. relate v. 相联系，有关联；把……联系起来； 讲述 (教材原句) Words are not enough to relate such wonders! 那样的奇遇是语言无法描述的！ ◆ 观察与总结 The charges relate to events that took place over ten years ago. __________ The report related the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment. _________ Late he related the whole story to me. _______ I know he feels upset, and I can relate to that. ____ ◆ (1) relate 常见搭配 relate to 涉及，与……有关联；理解认同(某人或其 处境等) relate A to B 把 A 与 B 联系起来 relate sth. to sb. 向某人讲述某事 relate that... 讲述…… （2）related adj. 有关联的，有联系的 be related to 与……有关系，有关联 （3）in relation to 关于……的；与……相比而言 ◆单句语法填空 （1）He later related the whole story ____ me. （2） Old Henry suffers from memory loss _______（relate）to his disease. ◆单句写作 （3 ) It is said that this festival ____________（与……有联系） a legend（传说）. （4） His remarks didn’t _________（ 与 …… 有 关）the topic under discussion. （5）She ___________________________（讲述自己的童年经历）in the first chapter. relates her childhood experience relate to is related to to related 11. astonish v. 使吃惊，使惊讶 (教材原句) The light，which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean，astonished me by its power. 阳光照亮了海面下三十英尺的地方，它的力量使我吃惊。 astonished adj. 感动吃惊的，感到惊讶的 astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的 astonishment n. 吃惊，惊讶（U） ◆ 观察与总结 Her reply astonished me. It astonished him that she changed so little. What astonished me most was his complete lack of fear. We were astonished to find the temple still in good condition ◆总结 astonish sb 使某人十分惊讶 It astonishes sb. that... 某人很惊讶…… What astonishes sb most is … 最令某人惊讶的是…… be astonished at/by... 对……感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth. 做某事感到惊讶 be astonished that...…… 感到惊奇…… to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是(作状语) in astonishment 吃惊地 ◆单句语法填空 (1) ________astonished him that she had changed so much. (2) The doctors were astonished ______ the speed of her recovery. (3) We were astonished _______（find）the architecture in its original condition. (4) To my ____________（astonish），the car was gone after I got up the next day. (5) She seemed __________（astonish） that I had never been to the harbour. (6) You may find it ___________（astonish） that Charlie Chaplin was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. It at/by to find astonishment astonished astonishing ◆单句写作 (7) ___________________（让我们感到惊讶的是），such an intelligent person should be unemployed and can’t afford his rent. (8) He stared ________________（吃惊地）at the helicopter in the distance. in astonishment To our astonishment 12. □consume v. 消耗；消费；(fml)吃喝；充满，充斥；(fml) (大火)烧毁，吞噬 consumer n. (C) 消费者 consumption n. (U) 消耗；消费；吃喝 观察与理解： Only 27% of the paper we consume is recycled. Alcohol can not be consumed on the premises(在场所内). He was consumed with guilt after the accident. Consumers will soon find that they will have to pay higher airfares. This is a time-consuming job. We have seen dramatic rises in fuel consumption. The consumption of alcohol on the premises is forbidden. 13. distinguish v. 看清；认出 ; 分辨，辨别;使……有特色而有别于 (教材原句) ...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards. …… ……我能清楚地认出在一百五十码远的物体。 ◆观察与总结 They found a method to distinguish cancer cell from normal tissue. ___________ Its customer service distinguishes the company from the competition. ___________ He is too young to distinguish between right and wrong. _____________ He distinguished himself in the civil war. (作为……)表现突出 ◆ distinguished adj. 卓越的，杰出的 从……中识别出…… 使……有特色而脱颖而出 在……之中辨别 ◆总结 distinguish... from... 从……中识别出……；使……有特色而有别于……；使……脱……而出 distinguish between...and... 在……之中辨别 distinguish oneself（as…） (作为……)表现突出 ◆单句语法填空 (1) The light was too dim for me _____________（distinguish）anything clearly. (2) It was hard to distinguish one twin _______ the other. (3) The monitor distinguished ________（him）by his performance in the examination. (4) She has already distinguished herself ______ an athlete. ◆单句写作 (5) At what age are children able to ____________________________________（明辨是非）？ (6)语言使人区别于动物。 Speech __________________________________ to distinguish from himself as distinguish between right and wrong distinguishes man from animals. surround / sə' raʊnd/ v. 环绕, 围绕；包围 □wrinkled / ' rɪŋ k(ə)ld/ adj. 有皱褶的；有皱纹的 wrinkle v. (使)起皱，皱起 n. 皱纹；褶皱(C) □shore / ʃ ɔː / n. 岸, 滨 (C/U) □carpet / ' kɑːpɪ t/ n. 地毯 (C/U) □intensity /ɪn ' tensɪti/ n. (光、声等的) 强度 (C/U) * vibration /vaɪ' breɪ ʃ (ə)n/ n. 震颤, 震动 (C/U) * atom / 'ætəm/ n. 原子 (C) □depth / depθ/ n. 深, 深度 (sl/U) deep adj. & adv. deeply adv. broad / brɔːd/ adj. 宽的, 阔的 broaden v. in broad daylight 在大白天 beneath /bɪ 'ni:θ/ prep. & adv. 在…之下, 在……正下方；(地位、级别等)低于 □resident / ' rezɪd(ə)nt/ n. 居民, 住户(C) male /meɪl/ n. 雄性动物(C) adj. 雄性的，男性的 4 14. surround v. 环绕，围绕；包围 (教材原句) Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere，but almost as clear. 事实上，我周围的这片海水不过是比地球的大气层还重的另一种空气，但几乎同样清澈。 ◆ surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 the surrounding area 周围地区 surroundings n. （复数）周围的环境 work in pleasant surroundings 在愉快的环境中工作 ◆要点 surround...with... 用……包围…… be surrounded with/by... 被……环绕 / 包围 surround oneself with... 和……在一起，为伍 ◆单句语法填空 (1) We stood at the edge of the lake，which _______________（surround）with trees. (2) The____________（surround） villages have been absorbed into the growing city. (3) This is a small and common clinic surrounded ________high buildings. (4) He was well educated and brought up in superior ____________（surrounding）. ◆单句写作 (5) My hometown is a small village ___________(河流环绕）. (6) Jiuzhaigou ____________________（被……环绕） hills in Sichuan Province. was surrounded surrounding with/by surroundings surrounded with rivers is surrounded with/by 15. depth n. 深，深度 (教材原句) Shall I be believed when I say that，at the depth of thirty feet，I could see as if I was in broad daylight? 如果我说，在三十英尺深的地方，我可以像在大白天一样看得清楚，你能相信我吗？ deep adj. 深的 adv. 深地 deeply adv. ◆常见搭配 at/ from/ to a depth of 在/从/到……的深度 a metre in depth 一米深 in the depth of one’s heart 在内心深处 in depth 深入地 ◆单句语法填空 (1) The ______（deep）of the well is 10 metres. = The well is 10 metres ____depth. (2) He was annoyed by the ______（long）of time he had to wait. (3) We were impressed with the ______（deep）of her knowledge. ◆单句写作 (4) Plant the beans ____________（在……深的地方）two inches. (5) I haven’t looked at the report _________（详细地）yet. depth in length depth at a depth of in depth Try to remember these words. Thanks for attending！ $$