Unit 1 知识点 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 1 What’s the matter? .单元重点短语 Section A 1. 发烧 /感冒 have a fever/ cold 2. 背疼 have a sore back 3. 胃疼 have a stomachache 4. 嗓子疼 have a sore throat 5. 躺下休息 lie down and rest 6. 喝些加蜂蜜的热茶 drink some hot tea with honey 7. 照X光片 get an X-ray 8. 量体温 take one’s temperature 9. 上点药 put some medicine on it 10. 切到/伤到自己 cut / hurt oneself 11. 休息 take a break = take breaks 12. 在路边 on the side of the road 13. 大叫寻求帮助 shout for help 14. 没有迟疑 without thinking twice 15. 下车 get off 16. 多亏某人 thanks to sb. 17. 及时 in time 18. 立即、马上 right away 19. 考虑自己 think about oneself 20. 陷入困境 get into trouble Section B 1. 用绷带包扎 put a bandage on sth. 2. 在水下冲洗 run it under water 3. 把你的头后仰 put your head back 4. 流鼻血 have a nosebleed 5 撞到了头 get hit on the head 6. 呼吸困难 have problems breathing 7. 被球击中 get hit by a ball 8. 被晒伤 get sunburned 9. 习惯冒险 be / get used to taking risks 10. 用尽 run out 11. 切除他半截右臂 cut off half his right arm 12. 摆脱 get out of 13. 在困境屮 in a difficult situation 14. 做出好决定的重要性 the importance of making good decisions 15. 掌管…… be in control of… 16. 坚持爬山 keep on climbing mountains 17. 遭遇一场严重事故 have a serious accident 18. 放弃 give up 19. 伤到某人自己 hurt oneself .单元美句积累 1. You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要远离电脑休息一会。 2. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. 我想我以同样的方式坐得太久而没有动。 3. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time. 幸亏有了王先生和乘客的帮助,这个人才及时得到了医生的救治。 4. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯于冒险。 5. In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one’s life. 在这本书中,阿伦讲述了做出明智抉择和掌控生命的重要性。 6. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 他对登山如此酷爱以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续坚持爬山。 .单元重要知识点 Section A 话题:健康与急救(health and first aid) 一.谈论健康问题与事故 1.询问病情 (1)What’s the matter/trouble/problem with sb.? 某人哪里不舒服?(某人怎么了?) (2)What’s wrong with sb./sth.? (3)What happened to sb.? 2.描述病情 (1)feel bad/sick/ill/terrible (2)have a +疾病 have a fever/cough have /catch/get a cold (3)have a+部位-ache(toothache/headache/ backache/stomachache) have an earache (4)have a sore+部位 (throat/neck/back/leg/eye/foot/) have sore eyes/feet/legs (5)cut (sb’s) +部位/oneself cut her finger/ cut herself (6)hit sb./oneself 打,击,撞 hit a boy with a ball 用一个球打了一个男孩 (7)hurt ①vi. “疼痛” hurt (过去式)hurt(过去分词) 身体部位+hurt 表示某部位痛 ②vt. “受伤,伤害” hurt (sb’s)+身体部位 表示伤到了身体某部位 hurt sb./oneself 伤害某人/某人自己 eg:(1)我现在头痛。I have a headache now.= My head hurts now. (2)Tom从树上摔了下来,并且伤到了他的腿。 Tom fell down from the tree and hurt his leg. (3)你的朋友在这场车祸中受伤了吗? Did your friend hurt himself in the car accident? (8)There is something wrong with one’s + 身体部位 Something is wrong with one’s + 身体部位 eg. There is something wrong with his leg.= Something is wrong with his leg. 他的腿有点问题。 小试牛刀: (1) 别玩小刀,会伤到你的。 Don’t play with the knife, you may_ _. (2) He hurt his arm. _he _his arm? (变一般疑问句) _the _ _ him? (对划线部分提问) (3)-Did Mary cut _(she)? -Yes, she did. (4)I have a _(tooth). So I have to seethe dentist. (5)To _(he) surprise, great changes havetaken place in China. (6) Unluckily,many people _(hurt) and _ (die) in the earthquake. (7) What's wrong with Tina?(同义句) What's _ _ with Tina? (8) I have a headache today.(提问) _ is _ _with you? (9) She had a cold three days ago.(提问) _ _ she _ a cold? (10)You should have a good rest.(提问) _ _ I _? 二.就健康与安全问题提出建议 should “应该”表示建议(情态动词should+V.原,没有人称和数的变化) shouldn’t “不应该” eg:(1)你下次应更加小心。 You should be more careful next time. (2)她不应该说太多话。 She shouldn’t talktoo much. (3)Tom应该首先量他的体温吗? Should Tom take his temperature first? (4)他应该接下来做什么? What should he do next? 小试牛刀: (1)—这个老太太怎么了? —她左腿疼。 _ _ (2)昨天他没有在踢足球的时候伤到他的脚。 He_ when he played soccer yesterday. (3) She should lie down and rest first. She _ lie down and rest first.(否定句) _she _?(对划线部分提问) ※表示建议的句型: Let’s +V原. Why not +V原?=Why don’t you +V原? How / What about +Ving? You’d better (not) +V原. It’s a good idea (for sb.) to do sth. It’s better/best(for sb.) to do sth. 教师点拨 1. lie ① v.躺 lies(三单) lay ( 过去式 ) lying ( 现在分词 ) lie in bed = lie down on the bed 躺在床上 lie down and rest 躺下休息 lie on the side of the road 躺在路边 ② v. 位于lie in the east of China 位于中国东部 ③ v. 撒谎 lied-lying lie to sb. 对某人撒谎 ④ cn.谎言 =tell a lie to sb. /tell lies to sb.对某人撒谎 小试牛刀: (1)Did you see an old man _(lie)under tree just now? (2)He was ill yesterday, so he _(lie)in bed all day. (3)Tom was so afraid, because he_(向他的妈妈撒谎). 2. trouble (1) un. 问题 ①What’s your trouble?/What’s the trouble with you? 你怎么啦? ②be in trouble 在困境中 ③get into trouble 陷入困境 ④get out of trouble 摆脱困境 ⑤have trouble/problems/difficulty with sth. (in) doing sth. (做)某事有困难 (2) v. 打扰,麻烦 eg:I am sorry to trouble you. 抱歉,打扰你了。 小试牛刀: (1) 我们应该帮助在困境中的人。 We should help _. (2)我的朋友在学英语方面有困难。 My friend _. ※自主学习 1. (1)get on / get off 上/下(公交车/飞机等) 动介短语,代词位于其后 (2)get into / get out of 上/下(小车/出租车,进出电梯等) 2. (1)thanks to sb./sth.,+ 句子 “多亏…,由于…” (2)because of sb./(doing) sth. ,+ 句子 “因为...,由于...”表原因 (3)thanks for (doing) sth. “为…而感谢你”独立成句 eg:①多亏了你的帮助,我按时完成了作业。 Thanks to your help, I finished my homework on time. =Because of your help, I finished my homework on time. =With the help of you/With your help, I finished my homework on time. ②感谢你的邀请。 Thanks for your invitation. 小试牛刀: (1)The bus stops here. Let’s_(上去吧). (2)他刚刚上了一辆出租车。 He _a taxi just now. (3) We were late for school _ the busy traffic. (4) _ the experienced doctor, he was saved. (5) _ your hard work, dear kids. Section B 教师点拨 1.(1)sick adj. 常用作定语(修饰名词)或表语(放在be动词、系动词之后) sickness (n.) 疾病 (2)ill adj. 一般只做表语(只能位于be动词、系动词之后) illness (n.) 疾病 be/feel/get/fall sick/ill 生病 a sick man 一个病人 eg: (1). He is sick / ill. 他生病了。 (2). That woman is looking after her sick son. 那位女士在照顾她生病的儿子。 小试牛刀: (1)This_ boy lost his life because he was badly _ . (2)Many people are_because of the cold weather, so there are lots of_ people in hospital. 2. (1)be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某物 (2)use v. 使用 use sth. to do sth.=do sth. with sth.使用某物做某事 eg:(1)这些新学生习惯了我们学校的食物。 The new students are used to the food in our school. (2)Aron用他的刀切除了他的半只右手臂。 Aron used his knife to cut off half his right arm. 小试牛刀: (1)我妹妹习惯了在美国工作和生活。 My sister _in America. (2)刚才他用一把刀去切一个苹果。He _ a knife _ _an apple just now. =He _ a knife just now. 自主学习 1. 用完 sb. run out of sth. (人做主语) sth. run out (物做主语) eg:因为我把钱用完了,所以我不能买任何东西了。 Because I ran out of all my money, I couldn’t buy anything. = Because all my money ran out, I couldn’t buy anything. 2.mean v. 意思是,意味着,打算 meant(过去式) meaning n. 意思 (1)What’s the meaning of the word?这个单词什么意思? =What does the word mean? =What do you mean by the word? (2) It means that +从句 意味着(意思是)… eg:你胃痛。那意味着你吃得太多了。 You had a stomachache. It meant that you ate too much. (3) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 eg: 他打算昨天完成这个工作,但是没有能完成。 He meant to finish the work yesterday, but he didn’t finish it. 3. give up 放弃(gave-giving) 动副结构,代中名中后 give it/them up give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事 eg:(1)对于你来说按时完成这个工作是可能的,所以不要放弃它。 It’s possible for you to finish the work on time, so don’t give it up. (2)医生建议他放弃抽烟和喝酒。The doctor advised him to give up smoking and drinking. 小试牛刀: (1)The clean water _, we need to wait for another 10 minutes. A. run out B .ran out of C. runs out D. run out of (2)Tom didn’t finish his homework, because he said he _his pen. A. run out B. ran out of C. runs out D. run out of (3)English is so important, you can’t_(放弃它). (4)上学期她放弃了学习数学。 She _ _ _ math last term. (5)I'm glad that my father will give up_ (stay) up late. (6)当食物吃完时,他们开始吃树叶。 When the food _ _, they began to eat leaves. (7)Judy made a _(decide) to stay in Japan all the time. (8) Do you know the _ of the sentence? 你知道这句子的含义么? 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$