Unit3 重点单词短语句型专练-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册重难点提优训练（人教版）

2024-2025学年八年级英语下册重难点提优训练（人教版） Unit3 重点单词短语句型专练 一、翻译单词。 1． (n.) 垃圾；废弃物 ★ 倒垃圾 2． (v.) 折叠；对折 ★ 叠衣服 3． (v.) 扫；打扫 → (过去式/过去分词) 4． (n.) 地板 ★ 扫地 5． (n.) 杂乱；不整洁 ★ 弄得一团糟 (一塌糊涂) 6． (v.) 扔；掷 → (过去式) → (过去分词) ★ 扔掉；抛弃 7． (adv.) 也不 (pron. ) 两者都不 ★ 既不……也不…… 8． (n.) 衬衫 9． (v.) 给；递；走过；通过 ★ 路过；经过 10． (v.) 借；借用 ★ 向某人借某物 11． (v.) 借给；借出 → (过去式/过去分词) ★ 把某物借给某人 12． (n.) 手指 13． (v.) 厌恶；讨厌 ★ 讨厌做某事 14． (n.) 杂务；乏味无聊的工作 ★ 做家务 15． (conj. ) 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而 (n.) 一段时间；一会儿 16． (n.) 小吃 (新) 17． (n.) 精神压力；心理负担 18． (n.) 浪费；垃圾 (v.) 浪费；滥用 ★ 浪费…… 做某事是浪费时间/金钱。 19． (v.) 提供；供应 ★ 给某人提供某物 20． (adv.) 而且； 加之 21． (v.) 依靠；信赖 → (n.) 独立；自主 → (adj.) 独立的；自主的 ★ 依靠；依赖；取决于 22． (v.) 发展；壮大 → (n.) 发展；发育；成长 → (adj.) 发展中的 → (adj.) 发达的 23． (n.) 公正性；合理性 24． (adj.) 合理的；公正的 (n.) 展览会；交易会 25． (adj.) 不合理的；不公正的 26． (conj.) 因为；既然 (prep.&conj.&adv.) 从……以后；自……以来 27． (= neighbour) (n.) 邻居 28． (adj.) 有病；不舒服 → (n.) 疾病；病 → (反义词) 健康的 ★ 生病 29． (v.) 落下；掉下 → (现在分词) → (过去式/过去分词) ★ 顺便访问；随便进入 二、翻译短语。 动词短语 1． 回家 2． 坐下 3． 过来 4． 喊回去 5． 走开 6． 进入 7． 照顾 名词短语 8． 干净的盘子 9． 舒适的家 10． 好大学 介词短语 11． 惊讶地 12． 目的是；为了 (后接动词原形) 其他短语 13． 频繁；反复 14． 一整晚 15． 结果；因此 16． 一……就…… 三、单项选择 1．I think it’s better for supermarkets to provide children ________ playrooms. A．with B．to C．on D．in 2．Enough sleep is good for health. If you ________ for your favorite TV programs, you will feel sleepy. A．stay up B．set up C．pick up D．wake up 3．It’s necessary for us ________ to our parents when we have problems. A．to talk B．talking C．talk D．talked 4．—Could you please________my pet dog while I am away? —Sure. Don’t worry. I can look after it very well. A．take place B．take care C．take care of D．take part in 5．The football fans cheered ______ they heard the exciting news． A．even though B．in order that C．as soon as D．as long as 6．Susan's mother was very happy today，because Susan ____ her little brother when she wasn't at home. A．agreed with B．depended on C．worked on D．took care of 7．She got up early this morning ________ catch the first bus. A．in order to B．because of C．in order that D．so to 8．—Do you like to ________？ —Yes.I enjoy doing the dishes best. A．play sports B．stay out late C．do chores D．get a ride 9．—Where do you usually have lunch? —In the school dining hall. It ________ different kinds of food ________ us. A．sends; to B．provides; for C．adds; to D．shares; with 10．Would you please your MP3 a little? Your baby sister is            sleeping. A．turn up B．turn down C．turn on D．turn in 11．--May I use your computer?        --Sorry. I'm it now. A．thinking of B．deciding on C．working on D．adding up 12．I    some books Tony last week. And I will give them back         next week. A．lent ; from B．borrowed ; to C．lent ; to D．borrowed ; from 13．My brother spent about two days ________ the project． A．for B．with C．in D．on 14．—Could you please ______ when you go out？It smells terrible in the room. —Sure. A．take out the rubbish B．sweep the floor C．fold the clothes D．make the bed 15．I think this TV play is boring.Do you ______ me? A．come over B．agree with C．throw down D．hang out 16．He went there early ___________ get a good seat. A．such that B．in order that C．in order to D．so that 17．— Maria, could you please ______ my pet bird when I’m on vacation? — No problem. A．take away B．take out C．take up D．take care of 18．He often borrows money ________ others but he doesn’t lend anything ________ anybody. A．from；from B．to；from C．from；to D．to；to 19．Mr. Brown got up early __________ catch the early bus. A．in order that B．in order to C．so that D．such that 20．My dad tells me not to ________ too late in the evening. He says it is dangerous. A．stay out B．grow up C．come up D．get up 四、按要求完成单词拼写。 1．I (厌恶) watching sitcoms. I think they are noisy. 2．I used the knife to cut things, but I cut my (手指) by chance. 3．Karen (借) a storybook from her friend. 4．The glass ________ (掉下) onto the ground and was in pieces. 5．The teacher will tell us the ________ (结果) of the competition. 6．I hope trade (贸易) between our two countries will ________ (发展) rapidly. 7．Nowadays most people have too much ________（精神压力）. 8．You need to help each other (既然) you live in the same room. 9．The beach is dirty. Let’s collect the （垃圾）. 10．Must I （打扫）the floor now, Miss Jackson? 11．Can you （折叠）your clothes right now? 12．—Allen, your bedroom is in a (杂乱). —Sorry, Mom. I’ll put away my things at once. 13．Linda could f the clothes when she was 5 years old. 14．Please help me to take out the r . 15．Your books are in a m . Please put them in order. 16．The cat jumped from the chair and lay on the f . 17．Many volunteers s the streets yesterday, so they’re very clean today. 18．Did he p the exam? 19．Would you please l me your pencil? 20．We don’t like doing c . They are so boring. 21．Helen is so smart that she can p the tests easily. 22．Kate wanted to turn the room into a study, w her husband preferred a kitchen. 23．She did not do any housework and n did I. 24．Don’t t the book. Put it on the desk carefully. 25．Jack h school days because he has to get up early. 26．The r goes bad. You should take it out. 27．Government has p children in poor areas with food for free since 2011. 28．N of them went to the park last Sunday. 29．Growing up is hard for everyone. Laura has to face lots of s as a teenager. 30．The man didn’t realize the importance of health until he got seriously i . 31．—Does the store have good fame? —No, the prices here are always (fair). 32．The success of the boy shows us that we should develop children’s (depend) from a young age. 33．There is no need (look) up every new word in the dictionary when you are reading. 34．Turn the world into a big family, and we’ll make people’s wishes （come）true earlier. 35．—It’s cold outside. Would you mind (close) the window? —Of course not. I will do it right away. 36．Peter was really (tiring) and wanted to sleep at once. 37．The children all need (share) the good things with each other. 38．Tina didn’t get anything at the party and she left (angry). 39．My brother (lend) me his new bike last week. 40．I (throw) down my bag and sat on the sofa because I was too tired. 41．There is no need for us (have) after-school classes on weekends. 42．Kids shouldn't depend on parents too much. They should depend on (they). 43．The harder you work, the (good) grades you will get. 44．As a teenager, I should learn to be (independence). 45．As parents, we should let our children understand the idea of (fair). 46．—Could you please (not smoke) in the room? —Oh, I’m sorry. 47．—When will your brother arrive? —I don’t know. He will give me a call as soon as he (get) off the train. 48．Our teacher asked Jim (angry) why he was late for school again. 49．Linda is a careful girl. She hates (make) mistakes. 50．Emma (throw) her schoolbag on the sofa and went into her room. 五、完成句子 1．她一到我就想见到她。 I want to see her she arrives. 2．我觉得很难相信你。 I to believe you. 3．我认为他工作和你一样努力。 I think he works you. 4．妈妈让我每晚九点之后不要看电视。 Mom TV after nine o’clock every night. 5．我每天早上都整理床铺。 I the every morning. 6．你今晚去看电影吗? Will you tonight? 7．为了提高英语口语，他参加了英语俱乐部。 He joined an English club improve his oral English. 8．他学习上如此懒惰。结果，他在很多次考试中都不及格。 He is so lazy in studies. , he failed in many exams. 9．他病倒了，在医院住了两天了。 He and has been in hospital for two days． 10．他们为贫困者提供食物和衣服。 They food and clothes the poor. 11．别担心， 我会照顾好他们的。 Don’t worry. I’ll them. 12．科学家发现植物一直在相互对话。 Scientists find that plants talk to each other . 13．我们一上公共汽车，车就开动了。 The bus left we went on it. 14．晚饭后，我的弟弟通常去倒垃圾。 After dinner, my brother usually . 15．妈妈讨厌扫地，所以她买了一个机器人。 Mom hates , so she bought a robot. 16．萨拉正在厨房洗碗。 Sarah is in the kitchen. 17．我对音乐不感兴趣，我妹妹也不感兴趣。 I am not interested in music. And my sister. 18．我父母让我晚上不要在外面待得太晚。 My parents asked me not to late at night. 19．你能捎我一程吗？ Could you give me ? 20．我经常帮妈妈洗餐具。 I often my mother the dishes. 参考答案 一、 1． rubbish take out the rubbish 2． fold fold the clothes 3． sweep swept 4． floor sweep the floor 5． mess make a mess 6． throw threw thrown throw away 7． neither neither...nor... 8．shirt 9． pass pass by 10． borrow borrow sth. from sb. 11． lend lent lend sb. sth./lend sth. to sb. 12．finger 13． hate hate to do sth./hate doing sth. 14． chore do chores 15．while 16．snack 17．stress 18． waste a waste of It’s a waste of time (money) doing sth. 19． provide provide sth. for sb./provide sb. with sth. 20．anyway 21． depend independence independent depend on 22． develop development developing developed 23．fairness 24．fair 25．unfair 26．since 27．neighbor 28． ill illness healthy fall ill 29． drop dropping dropped drop by 二、 1． come home 2．sit down 3．come over 4．shout back 5．walk away 6．get into 7．take care of/look after 8．clean dish 9．comfortable home 10．good university 11．in surprise 12．in order to 13．all the time 14．all evening 15．as a result 16．as soon as 三、 1．A 【详解】句意：我觉得超市为孩子们提供游乐室会更好。 考查介词辨析。with用；to到；on在……上；in在……里。根据“provide children”可知此处应用动词短语provide sb. with sth.表示“提供给某人某物”。故选A。 2．A 【详解】句意：充足的睡眠对健康有好处。如果你熬夜看喜欢的电视节目，你会困乏。 考查动词短语。stay up熬夜，不睡觉；set up建立；pick up捡起；wake up醒来。根据“Enough sleep is good for health”可知，充足的睡觉对健康有好处，所以熬夜会让人疲劳。故选A。 3．A 【详解】句意：对我们来说，当我们遇到难题的时候，和我们的父母谈谈是很有必要的。 考查It的固定句型。It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.意为“对某人来说，做某事是怎样的”，句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式，本题空处应填不定式，故选A。 4．C 【详解】句意：——我不在的时候，你能照顾一下我的宠物狗吗？ ——当然。别担心。我能很好地照顾它。 考查动词短语。take place 发生；take care 当心；take care of 照顾；take part in参加。结合本题中的my pet dog以及look after可推断，所缺的词是take care of。故选C。 5．C 【详解】句意“足球迷一听到这个令人兴奋的消息就欢呼起来”。 even though尽管（引导让步状语从句）；in order that为了（引导目的状语从句）；as soon as一……就……（引导时间状语从句）；as long as只要（引导条件状语从句）。根据句意可知，译为“足球迷一听到这个令人兴奋的消息就欢呼起来”，引导时间状语从句。故选C。 6．D 【详解】句意：苏珊的妈妈今天很高兴，因为当她不在家时苏珊照顾她的小弟弟。 考查动词短语。agreed with同意，赞同；depended on依靠，依赖，取决于；worked on从事于；took care of照顾。根据her little brother when she wasn't at home.当她不在家时苏珊照顾她的小弟弟。故选D。 7．A 【详解】句意：为了赶上第一班公共汽车，她今天起得很早。短语in order to= so as to：以便，为了，后面给动词原形；in order that：为了，后面跟从句；because of因为，由于，介词短语，后面跟名词，代词或动名词。结合句意和选项可知选A。 8．C 【详解】句意：---你喜欢做家务吗？----是的，我最喜欢洗碗。A. play sports做运动，进行体育锻炼；B. stay out late在外面呆到很晚； C. do chores做家务； D. get a ride搭便车；顺道搭车。结合句意可知选C。 9．B 【详解】句意：——你通常在哪里吃午饭？——在学校食堂，它为我们提供不同种类的食物。 考查动词短语。sends sth. to sb.把某物寄某人；provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物；add…to…把……加到……中去；share…with…与……分享……。根据“In the school dining hall.”可知是说学校食堂给我们提供不同种类的食物。故选B。 10．B 【详解】句意：你能不能把你的MP3调低点？你的小妹妹正在睡觉。考查短语。turn down“调小，调低”；turn up“调高”；turn on “打开”；turn in“上交”。根据Your baby sister is     sleeping.妹妹在睡觉，说明怕太吵了。故选B。 11．C 【详解】句意：--我可以用一下你的电脑吗？--对不起，我现在用它工作。A. thinking of 想起；   B. deciding on 决定；   C. working on继续工作；    D. adding up加起来。根据sorry对不起。可知，不能借给对方，说明自己正在用它。故选C。 12．D 【详解】句意：上周我从Tony那里借了一些书，下周我将还给他。borrow sth. from sb.从某人那里借来某物；lend sth to sb.把某物借给某人。根据And I will give them back next week.可知，我下周还这些书，可知，我是借书的人。故选D。 13．D 【详解】句意：我哥哥在这个项目上花了大约两天时间。 考查介词辨析。for为了；with带有；in在里面；on在上面。spend time on sth“在某物上花费时间”，故选D。 14．A 【详解】句意：你出去的时候能把垃圾拿出去吗？房间里闻起来很难闻。——当然可以。A. take out the rubbish倒垃圾；B. sweep the floor扫地；C. fold the clothes 叠衣服；D. make the bed整理床铺。房间里难闻，是垃圾产生的味道，故答案为A。 15．B 【详解】句意：我觉得这个电视剧很无聊，你同意我的观点吗？A. come over过来，顺便来访；B. agree with同意某人的观点；C. throw down扔下，推翻；D. hang out闲逛。结合句意可知，答案为B。 16．C 【详解】句意：他去得很早，目的是为了得到一个好座位。such that只能分开写，that后跟句子；so that与in order that后面接句子，为目的状语从句，不能跟动词原形；in order to后面可以跟动词原形，表示目的，为简单句。故答案为C。 点睛：in order that+从句，是目的状语从句，相当于so that从句；in order to+动词原形，是简单句。如：He spoke loudly in order that all of us could hear him.他大声说以便我们所有人都能听到。 Kate got up early in order to catch up early bus .凯特早起为了赶上早班公共汽车。 17．D 【详解】句意：——玛丽亚，我去度假的时候，你能帮我照看一下我的宠物鸟吗？——没问题。 考查动词短语。take away带走；take out取出；take up开始从事；take care of照顾。根据“when I’m on vacation”可知，此处应是指照看一下我的宠物鸟，故选D。 18．C 【详解】句意：他经常从别人那里借钱，但他从来不借给别人任何东西。 考查介词辨析。borrow … from …，从……借，lend … to …把……借给，故选C。 19．B 【详解】句意：布朗先生早起是为了赶上早班车。in order that+从句，表示为了……，引导目的状语从句； in order to do sth为了做某事，表示目的状语；so that以便于，引导结果状语从句。此处表示目的，后面接动词短语catch the early bus，故用in order to，故选B。 20．A 【详解】句意：我爸爸告诉我晚上太晚不要待在外面。他说这很危险。 考查动词短语。stay out待在外面；grow up长大；come up发生；get up起床，根据空后的“He says it is dangerous”可知，应该是晚上太晚不要待在外面，故选A。 四、 1．hate 【详解】句意：我讨厌看情景喜剧。我认为它们很吵。hate “厌恶”，动词。语境时态是一般现在时，主语是“I”，故谓语动词填原形。故填hate。 2．fingers 【详解】句意：我用刀子割东西，但不小心割破了手指。提示词“手指”的英文表达为finger，又根据语境可知，此处应用其名词复数形式fingers表泛指。故填fingers。 3．borrowed 【详解】句意：Karen从她的朋友那里借了一本故事书。根据“Karen...a storybook from her friend”可知，borrow...from...表示 “从……借……”，语境时态是一般过去时。故填borrowed。 4．dropped 【详解】句意：杯子掉到地上摔成了碎片。drop“掉下”，结合“was”可知，此句为一般过去时，要用drop的过去式dropped。故填dropped。 5．result 【详解】句意：老师会告诉我们比赛结果。“结果”译为result，根据“the ... (结果) of the competition”可知是特指的这场比赛的结果，用result的单数形式。故填result。 6．develop 【详解】句意：我希望我们两国之间的贸易能迅速发展。develop“发展”，此句为一般将来时，助动词will后跟动词原形。故填develop。 7．stress 【详解】句意：如今，大多数人精神压力都很大。stress精神压力；too much修饰不可数名词stress。故填：stress。 8．since 【详解】句意：既然你们住在一个房间，就需要互相帮助。since“既然”，从属连词，引导状语从句。故填since。 9．rubbish 【详解】句意：沙滩很脏，让我们来收集垃圾吧。rubbish“垃圾”，不可数名词，故填rubbish。 10．sweep 【详解】句意：我现在必须扫地吗，杰克逊小姐？sweep“打扫”，动词，空前有情态动词must，动词用原形，故填sweep。 11．fold 【详解】句意：你现在能叠衣服吗？fold“折叠”，是动词；空前有情态动词，动词用原形。故填fold。 12．mess 【详解】句意：——艾伦，你的卧室太乱了。——对不起，妈妈。我马上把我的东西收起来。“杂乱”mess，in a mess“乱糟糟，一团糟”，是固定搭配。故填mess。 13．(f)old 【详解】句意：琳达5岁的时候会叠衣服。根据“f...the clothes”可知，应表达会叠衣服，fold“折叠”，情态动词could后面加动词原形。故填(f)old。 14．(r)ubbish 【详解】句意：请帮我把垃圾拿出去。根据“Please help me to take out the”及首字母可知，是把垃圾拿出去，rubbish“垃圾”，不可数名词。故填(r)ubbish。 15．(m)ess 【详解】句意：你的书乱七八糟的。请把它们整理好。根据“Please put them in order.”及首字母可知，提醒对方把书整理好，由此可知书放得乱七八糟的，in a mess“一团糟”。故填(m)ess。 16．(f)loor 【详解】句意：猫从椅子上跳下来，躺在地板上。根据“The cat jumped from the chair and lay on the”及首字母可知，是从椅子上跳下来，躺在地板上，floor“地板”。故填(f)loor。 17．(s)wept 【详解】句意：昨天许多志愿者扫了街道，所以今天它们很干净。根据“so they’re very clean today.”可知，是指志愿者们打扫了街道，sweep“打扫”，根据“yesterday”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式swept。故填(s)wept。 18．(p)ass 【详解】句意：他通过这次考试了吗？此处缺动词原形，作谓语。又结合“…the exam”及首字母提示可知，此处应用pass的动词原形，pass the exam表示“通过考试”，符合语境。故填(p)ass。 19．(l)end 【详解】句意：你能把铅笔借给我吗？此处缺动词原形，又结合“…me your pencil”及首字母提示可知，此处应用lend，表示“借出”。故填(l)end。 20．(c)hores 【详解】句意：我们不喜欢做家务。它们太无聊了。根据“We don’t like doing... They are so boring.”和首字母提示可知，指的是做家务很无聊。do chores “做家务”，动词短语。故填(c)hores。 21．(p)ass 【详解】句意：海伦很聪明，她能轻而易举地通过考试。根据“Helen is so smart”、“the tests easily”并结合首字母提示，此处指的是通过考试，pass“通过”，动词，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填(p)ass。 22．(w)hile 【详解】句意：凯特想把房间改成书房，而她丈夫更喜欢变成厨房。根据空前后句意对比和首字母提示可知，空处应是while，然而，连词。故填(w)hile。 23．neither/nor 【详解】句意：她没有做任何家务，我也没有。空后“did I”用了倒装结构，结合句意“She did not do…”可知，这里表示“也不”，考查neither或nor。故填neither/nor。 24．(t)hrow 【详解】句意：不要扔书。小心地把它放在桌子上。根据“Put it on the desk carefully.”及首字母t可推出是不要扔书，throw“扔”，Don’t后接动词原形，构成祈使句的否定形式。故填(t)hrow。 25．(h)ates 【详解】句意：杰克讨厌上学，因为他必须早起。根据“because he has to get up early.”及首字母提示可知，设空处指的是hate“憎恨”，根据“he has to”可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语Jack是第三人称单数，所以此时动词hate用三单形式。故填(h)ates。    26．(r)ubbish 【详解】句意：垃圾变坏了。你应该把它拿出去。“垃圾”可用rubbish表示，不可数名词，在句中作主语。故填(r)ubbish。 27．(p)rovided 【详解】句意：自2011年起，政府开始为贫困地区的儿童免费提供食物。由句中“with food for free”知，此句是说为贫困儿童免费提供食物，provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”，由句中“has”和“since 2011”知，此句为现在完成时，其构成为“has/have+过去分词”，故填(p)rovided。 28．(N)either/(N)one 【详解】句意：上星期天他们两个都没有去公园。根据首字母提示及语境可知，此处为neither of表示“两者都不”或none of表示“都不”（不确定的数量）。故填(N)either/(N)one。 29．(s)tress/(s)tresses 【详解】句意：成长对每个人来说都是困难的。作为一个青少年，劳拉不得不面对很多压力。根据“Growing up is hard for everyone”可知，后句要表达的是“面对许多压力”，stress表示“压力”时，不可数名词，但表示多种不同压力时，视作可数名词。故填(s)tress/(s)tresses。 30．(i)ll 【详解】句意：这个男人直到他得了重病才意识到健康的重要性。根据“The man didn’t realize the importance of health”可知，跟健康方面有关；再根据首字母提示及“seriously”可知，是得了重病。ill“生病的”，形容词。故填(i)ll。 31．unfair 【详解】句意：——这个商店有好的名誉吗？——没有，这儿的价格总是不合理的。由“No”可知，此处应指价格不合理，用fair的反义词unfair，形容词作表语。故填unfair。 32．independence 【详解】句意：这个男孩的成功告诉我们，我们应该从小培养孩子的独立性。depend“依靠”，动词。结合语境及常识可知，设空处表示“独立”，children’s后应用名词independence“独立”，故填independence。 33．to look 【详解】句意：当你阅读时，没有必要在字典里查找每个生词。look up “查阅”，固定搭配“there is no need to do sth.”表示“没有必要做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式。故填to look。 34．come    【详解】句意：把世界变成一个大家庭，我们就能让人们的愿望早点实现。根据“make sth do sth使某物做某事”可知，make后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填come。 35．closing 【详解】句意：——外面很冷。你介意关上窗户吗？——当然不。我马上就做。mind doing sth.“介意做某事”，可知填动名词。故填closing。 36．tired 【详解】句意：彼得真的很疲惫，他想马上去睡觉。tiring“累人的，令人疲乏的”，其行为主体或所修饰的词多为事物；tired“疲倦的，劳累的”，其主语或者所修饰的词通常是人。这个句子的主语是人，是指人感到“疲倦的”。故填tired。 37．to share 【详解】句意：孩子们都需要互相分享好东西。need to do表示“需要做某事”，固定搭配。故填to share。 38．angrily 【详解】句意：蒂娜在聚会上什么也没得到，怒气冲冲地离开了。此处修饰动词left用副词angrily“生气地”。故填angrily。 39．lent 【详解】句意：上周我哥哥把他的新自行车借给了我。last week上周，是表示过去的时间状语，所以句子用一般过去时，lend过去式是lent，故填lent。 40．threw 【详解】句意：我扔下包坐在沙发上，因为我太累了。and连接并列句，时态一致，根据sat可知是一般过去时态，故填threw。 41．to have 【详解】句意：我们没有必要在周末上课外班。have…class“上……课”，根据：There is no need for sb. to do sth“某人没有必要做某事”，故填to have。 42．themselves 【详解】句意：孩子们不应该太依赖父母。他们应该依靠自己。根据“Kids shouldn't depend on parents too much”可知此处指“孩子们不应该依赖父母，应该依靠自己”，可知此处填反身代词；they的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。 43．better 【详解】句意：你学习越努力，你就会得到更好的成绩。由“The harder...”可知，该句符合比较级句型“the+比较级...，the +比较级...”的结构，所以空处应填good的比较级better。故填better。 44．independent 【详解】句意：作为一名青少年，我应该学会独立。independence“独立”，名词。此处应用其形容词independent“独立的”作表语。故填independent。 45．fairness 【详解】句意：作为父母，我们应该让我们的孩子理解公平的观念。介词of构成名词所有格，“the+名词+of+名词”意思是“……的……”；所以空处用形容词fair“公平的”的名词形式fairness，不可数名词，the idea of fairness意为“公平的观念”。故填fairness。 46．not smoke 【详解】句意：——请你不要在房间里抽烟好吗？——哦，对不起。Could为情态动词，后应用动词原形，not置于Could后、实义动词smoke前，故填not smoke。 47．gets 【详解】句意：——你哥哥什么时候到？——我不知道。他一下火车就会给我打电话。as soon as意为“一……就……”，在其引导的时间状语从句中，当主句采用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时，从句主语he为第三人称单数，故填gets。 48．angrily 【详解】句意：我们的老师生气地质问吉姆为什么上学又迟到了。原句缺少副词修饰动词asked，所以所给词angry应变为副词angrily，意为“生气地”。故填angrily。 49．to make/making 【详解】句意：琳达是一个细心的女孩。她讨厌犯错误。hate to do sth=hate doing sth“讨厌做某事”，是固定短语，此处应用不定式或动名词形式，故填to make/making。 50．threw 【详解】句意：艾玛把书包扔在沙发上，走进了自己的房间。and并列两部分，动词要保持一致，结合“went”可知，此处的动词也用过去式，故填threw。 五、 1． the minute 【详解】根据中文意思和所给的两个空可知本题考查短语the minute“一……就”，the minute与as soon as同义，引导时间状语从句，故填the；minute。 2． find it difficult 【详解】“觉得很难做某事”find it difficult to do sth.，it是形式宾语。结合汉语意思可知用一般现在时，主语“I”后用动词原形。故填find；it；difficult。 3． as hard as 【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查短语as...as“像……一样”和副词hard“努力地”，as...as表同级比较，中间加形容词或副词原级，work hard“努力学习”，故填as；hard；as。 4． asks me not to watch 【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查短语ask sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”，根据“every night”可知时态为一般现在时，主语mom为第三人称单数，所以第一空应填asks，其后续宾格me，to do为动词不定式，其否定形式为not to do；watch TV“看电视”，故填asks；me；not；to；watch。 5． make bed 【详解】make the bed“整理床铺”，时态是一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形。故填make；bed。 6． go to the movies 【详解】根据语境可知及所给英文可知，此处考查短语go to the movies“去看电影”，且此处是一般将来时，助动词will开头，动词用原形。故填go；to；the；movies。 7． in order to 【详解】结合句意可知，空格处要表达“为了”，in order to“为了……”，介词短语，句子主语与不定式的逻辑主语一致时，才能用in order to表目的。故填in；order；to。 8． As a result 【详解】“结果”as a result，是固定短语，注意句子首字母大写。故填As；a；result。 9． fell ill 【详解】本题考查固定搭配fall ill。结合本题语境可知要用一般过去时。故填fell ill。 10． provide for 【详解】根据句意可知，空格处为“为……提供”，根据“food and clothes”和“the poor”可知，provide sth. for sb.“给某人提供某物”，结合语境可知，句子为一般现在时，由于主语“They”为复数，故第一空应用动词原形。故填provide；for。 11． take good care of 【详解】take good care of...“照顾好……”；will后接动词原形。故填take；good；care；of。 12． all the time 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填“一直”。all the time“一直”，为固定短语。故填all；the；time。 13． as soon as 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺少as soon as“一……就”，是时间状语从句的连词，故填as；soon；as。 14． takes out the rubbish 【详解】“去倒垃圾”take out the rubbish。根据“usually”可知用一般现在时，主语“my brother”后接动词第三人称单数形式。故填takes；out；the；rubbish。 15． sweeping/cleaning the floor 【详解】hate to do/doing sth“讨厌做某事”，sweep/clean the floor“扫地”，结合空格可知，此处应用动名词作宾语，故填sweeping/cleaning；the；floor。 16． doing/washing the dishes 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填入“洗碗”，即do/wash the dishes。原句强调“正在洗碗”，则应使用现在进行时，其结构为am/is/are + doing，所以do/wash应变为doing/washing。故填doing/washing；the；dishes。 17． neither is 【详解】前句是否定句，谓语是be动词，后句表示“也不”，用结构：neither+be动词+主语。my sister作主语，be动词用is。故填neither；is。 18． stay up 【详解】根据题干“ask me not to”和句意可知，to后面的动词需要跟原形，空处应填stay up“熬夜”的意思。故填stay；up。 19． a ride 【详解】根据语境及所给英文可知，此处考查动词短语give sb. a ride“捎某人一程”，a ride作宾语。故填a；ride。 20． help with/do/wash 【详解】根据“I often…my mother…the dishes.”和汉语提示可知，第一个空考查固定用法help sb. do/with sth.“帮助某人做某事”；第二个空考查固定用法do/wash the dishes“洗餐具”。故填help；with/do/wash。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年八年级英语下册重难点提优训练（人教版） Unit3 重点单词短语句型专练 一、翻译单词。 1． (n.) 垃圾；废弃物 ★ 倒垃圾 2． (v.) 折叠；对折 ★ 叠衣服 3． (v.) 扫；打扫 → (过去式/过去分词) 4． (n.) 地板 ★ 扫地 5． (n.) 杂乱；不整洁 ★ 弄得一团糟 (一塌糊涂) 6． (v.) 扔；掷 → (过去式) → (过去分词) ★ 扔掉；抛弃 7． (adv.) 也不 (pron. ) 两者都不 ★ 既不……也不…… 8． (n.) 衬衫 9． (v.) 给；递；走过；通过 ★ 路过；经过 10． (v.) 借；借用 ★ 向某人借某物 11． (v.) 借给；借出 → (过去式/过去分词) ★ 把某物借给某人 12． (n.) 手指 13． (v.) 厌恶；讨厌 ★ 讨厌做某事 14． (n.) 杂务；乏味无聊的工作 ★ 做家务 15． (conj. ) 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而 (n.) 一段时间；一会儿 16． (n.) 小吃 (新) 17． (n.) 精神压力；心理负担 18． (n.) 浪费；垃圾 (v.) 浪费；滥用 ★ 浪费…… 做某事是浪费时间/金钱。 19． (v.) 提供；供应 ★ 给某人提供某物 20． (adv.) 而且； 加之 21． (v.) 依靠；信赖 → (n.) 独立；自主 → (adj.) 独立的；自主的 ★ 依靠；依赖；取决于 22． (v.) 发展；壮大 → (n.) 发展；发育；成长 → (adj.) 发展中的 → (adj.) 发达的 23． (n.) 公正性；合理性 24． (adj.) 合理的；公正的 (n.) 展览会；交易会 25． (adj.) 不合理的；不公正的 26． (conj.) 因为；既然 (prep.&conj.&adv.) 从……以后；自……以来 27． (= neighbour) (n.) 邻居 28． (adj.) 有病；不舒服 → (n.) 疾病；病 → (反义词) 健康的 ★ 生病 29． (v.) 落下；掉下 → (现在分词) → (过去式/过去分词) ★ 顺便访问；随便进入 二、翻译短语。 动词短语 1． 回家 2． 坐下 3． 过来 4． 喊回去 5． 走开 6． 进入 7． 照顾 名词短语 8． 干净的盘子 9． 舒适的家 10． 好大学 介词短语 11． 惊讶地 12． 目的是；为了 (后接动词原形) 其他短语 13． 频繁；反复 14． 一整晚 15． 结果；因此 16． 一……就…… 三、单项选择 1．I think it’s better for supermarkets to provide children ________ playrooms. A．with B．to C．on D．in 2．Enough sleep is good for health. If you ________ for your favorite TV programs, you will feel sleepy. A．stay up B．set up C．pick up D．wake up 3．It’s necessary for us ________ to our parents when we have problems. A．to talk B．talking C．talk D．talked 4．—Could you please________my pet dog while I am away? —Sure. Don’t worry. I can look after it very well. A．take place B．take care C．take care of D．take part in 5．The football fans cheered ______ they heard the exciting news． A．even though B．in order that C．as soon as D．as long as 6．Susan's mother was very happy today，because Susan ____ her little brother when she wasn't at home. A．agreed with B．depended on C．worked on D．took care of 7．She got up early this morning ________ catch the first bus. A．in order to B．because of C．in order that D．so to 8．—Do you like to ________？ —Yes.I enjoy doing the dishes best. A．play sports B．stay out late C．do chores D．get a ride 9．—Where do you usually have lunch? —In the school dining hall. It ________ different kinds of food ________ us. A．sends; to B．provides; for C．adds; to D．shares; with 10．Would you please your MP3 a little? Your baby sister is            sleeping. A．turn up B．turn down C．turn on D．turn in 11．--May I use your computer?        --Sorry. I'm it now. A．thinking of B．deciding on C．working on D．adding up 12．I    some books Tony last week. And I will give them back         next week. A．lent ; from B．borrowed ; to C．lent ; to D．borrowed ; from 13．My brother spent about two days ________ the project． A．for B．with C．in D．on 14．—Could you please ______ when you go out？It smells terrible in the room. —Sure. A．take out the rubbish B．sweep the floor C．fold the clothes D．make the bed 15．I think this TV play is boring.Do you ______ me? A．come over B．agree with C．throw down D．hang out 16．He went there early ___________ get a good seat. A．such that B．in order that C．in order to D．so that 17．— Maria, could you please ______ my pet bird when I’m on vacation? — No problem. A．take away B．take out C．take up D．take care of 18．He often borrows money ________ others but he doesn’t lend anything ________ anybody. A．from；from B．to；from C．from；to D．to；to 19．Mr. Brown got up early __________ catch the early bus. A．in order that B．in order to C．so that D．such that 20．My dad tells me not to ________ too late in the evening. He says it is dangerous. A．stay out B．grow up C．come up D．get up 四、按要求完成单词拼写。 1．I (厌恶) watching sitcoms. I think they are noisy. 2．I used the knife to cut things, but I cut my (手指) by chance. 3．Karen (借) a storybook from her friend. 4．The glass ________ (掉下) onto the ground and was in pieces. 5．The teacher will tell us the ________ (结果) of the competition. 6．I hope trade (贸易) between our two countries will ________ (发展) rapidly. 7．Nowadays most people have too much ________（精神压力）. 8．You need to help each other (既然) you live in the same room. 9．The beach is dirty. Let’s collect the （垃圾）. 10．Must I （打扫）the floor now, Miss Jackson? 11．Can you （折叠）your clothes right now? 12．—Allen, your bedroom is in a (杂乱). —Sorry, Mom. I’ll put away my things at once. 13．Linda could f the clothes when she was 5 years old. 14．Please help me to take out the r . 15．Your books are in a m . Please put them in order. 16．The cat jumped from the chair and lay on the f . 17．Many volunteers s the streets yesterday, so they’re very clean today. 18．Did he p the exam? 19．Would you please l me your pencil? 20．We don’t like doing c . They are so boring. 21．Helen is so smart that she can p the tests easily. 22．Kate wanted to turn the room into a study, w her husband preferred a kitchen. 23．She did not do any housework and n did I. 24．Don’t t the book. Put it on the desk carefully. 25．Jack h school days because he has to get up early. 26．The r goes bad. You should take it out. 27．Government has p children in poor areas with food for free since 2011. 28．N of them went to the park last Sunday. 29．Growing up is hard for everyone. Laura has to face lots of s as a teenager. 30．The man didn’t realize the importance of health until he got seriously i . 31．—Does the store have good fame? —No, the prices here are always (fair). 32．The success of the boy shows us that we should develop children’s (depend) from a young age. 33．There is no need (look) up every new word in the dictionary when you are reading. 34．Turn the world into a big family, and we’ll make people’s wishes （come）true earlier. 35．—It’s cold outside. Would you mind (close) the window? —Of course not. I will do it right away. 36．Peter was really (tiring) and wanted to sleep at once. 37．The children all need (share) the good things with each other. 38．Tina didn’t get anything at the party and she left (angry). 39．My brother (lend) me his new bike last week. 40．I (throw) down my bag and sat on the sofa because I was too tired. 41．There is no need for us (have) after-school classes on weekends. 42．Kids shouldn't depend on parents too much. They should depend on (they). 43．The harder you work, the (good) grades you will get. 44．As a teenager, I should learn to be (independence). 45．As parents, we should let our children understand the idea of (fair). 46．—Could you please (not smoke) in the room? —Oh, I’m sorry. 47．—When will your brother arrive? —I don’t know. He will give me a call as soon as he (get) off the train. 48．Our teacher asked Jim (angry) why he was late for school again. 49．Linda is a careful girl. She hates (make) mistakes. 50．Emma (throw) her schoolbag on the sofa and went into her room. 五、完成句子 1．她一到我就想见到她。 I want to see her she arrives. 2．我觉得很难相信你。 I to believe you. 3．我认为他工作和你一样努力。 I think he works you. 4．妈妈让我每晚九点之后不要看电视。 Mom TV after nine o’clock every night. 5．我每天早上都整理床铺。 I the every morning. 6．你今晚去看电影吗? Will you tonight? 7．为了提高英语口语，他参加了英语俱乐部。 He joined an English club improve his oral English. 8．他学习上如此懒惰。结果，他在很多次考试中都不及格。 He is so lazy in studies. , he failed in many exams. 9．他病倒了，在医院住了两天了。 He and has been in hospital for two days． 10．他们为贫困者提供食物和衣服。 They food and clothes the poor. 11．别担心， 我会照顾好他们的。 Don’t worry. I’ll them. 12．科学家发现植物一直在相互对话。 Scientists find that plants talk to each other . 13．我们一上公共汽车，车就开动了。 The bus left we went on it. 14．晚饭后，我的弟弟通常去倒垃圾。 After dinner, my brother usually . 15．妈妈讨厌扫地，所以她买了一个机器人。 Mom hates , so she bought a robot. 16．萨拉正在厨房洗碗。 Sarah is in the kitchen. 17．我对音乐不感兴趣，我妹妹也不感兴趣。 I am not interested in music. And my sister. 18．我父母让我晚上不要在外面待得太晚。 My parents asked me not to late at night. 19．你能捎我一程吗？ Could you give me ? 20．我经常帮妈妈洗餐具。 I often my mother the dishes. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$