专题-S314 必修三 UNIT 1 Festivals and Celebrations 语法填空【题型易-考试题型精练】高一下学期英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（人教版2019）

高一下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 专题-S314语法填空 人教版必修三 题型特训 UNIT 1：Festivals and Celebrations 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·全国·课后作业）语法填空 I attended the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region this year. The festival, 1 includes horse racing, wrestling and archery, falls on the 2 (four) day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, usually 3 (last) for three days. I went to the games early with my friend  and found that many people 4 (make) preparations for the events. I was told that the festival had been popular with Mongolians for 5 (century). After the opening ceremony, the wrestling competition began, 6 (follow) by the archery and my favourite horse races. 7 my surprise, the riders were all children and I was concerned about their 8 (safe). My friend told me not 9 (worry) as they had been riding horses all their lives. Then I began to understand what “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture” meant. Having been back home, I felt really tired, 10 it was worthwhile to celebrate the festival with my friend. 【答案】 1. which 2. fourth 3. lasting 4.were making 5. centuries 6. followed 7. To 8. safety 9. to worry 10. but 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加内蒙古那达慕节的经历。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：这个节日，包括赛马，摔跤和射箭，在农历六月初四，通常持续三天。定语从句修饰先行词the festival，在从句中作主语，指物。故填which。 2. 考查序数词。句意：这个节日，包括赛马，摔跤和射箭，在农历六月初四，通常持续三天。根据句意可知，此处表示“第四天”，所以用序数词。故填fourth。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个节日，包括赛马，摔跤和射箭，在农历六月初四，通常持续三天。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语the festival与last之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填lasting。 4.考查时态。句意：我和我的朋友很早就去了比赛，发现很多人都在为比赛做准备。此处表示过去正在进行的动作，所以用过去进行时，主语为many people，谓语用复数。故填were making。 5. 考查名词复数。句意：有人告诉我，这个节日在蒙古人中已经流行了几个世纪。century是可数名词，此处要用复数形式，表示“几个世纪”。 故填centuries。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：开幕式之后，摔跤比赛开始了，接着是射箭和我最喜欢的赛马。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语the wrestling competition与follow之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填followed。 7. 考查介词。句意：令我惊讶的是，这些骑手都是孩子，我很担心他们的安全。短语to one’s surprise表示“使某人惊奇的是”。首字母大写。故填To。 8. 考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，这些骑手都是孩子，我很担心他们的安全。作介词的宾语，应用名词safety。故填safety。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我的朋友告诉我不要担心，因为他们一生都在骑马。此处为短语tell sb. not to do sth.表示“告诉某人不要做某事”。故填to worry。 10. 考查连词。句意：回到家后，我感到很累，但和朋友一起庆祝这个节日是值得的。结合语境可知，上下文是转折关系，所以填but。故填but。 Passage 2 （23-24 高一下·云南昭通·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A lot of Americans like to take part in what is called small talk. They 1 (general) make conversations with strangers or the people 2 they are familiar with about relaxing topics, such as weather, sports, or popular television shows. While 3 (stand) at a bus stop, don’t be surprised if a stranger 4 (greet) you with something like, “Did you watch the Super Bowl last night? What a game!” They may also play 5 joke about the long line you’re both in. Of course, not all small talk is 6 (enjoy), so it’s okay if a stranger says something that makes you uncomfortable. 7 addition, Americans are known for speaking up what they want. Particularly in the workplace, you may be surprised 8 (find) that Americans are not afraid to voice their ideas. For example, while 9 (you) boss should be always treated with respect, you can just ask a question if you have one. There is certainly a 10 (different) between speaking up and being rude, but it’s all right to say something! 【答案】 1. generally 2. who/that/whom 3. standing 4.greets 5. a 6. enjoyable 7. In 8. to find 9. your 10. difference 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国人的闲聊文化，包括闲聊的内容、场合及特点。 1. 考查副词。句意：他们通常与陌生人或熟悉的人就轻松的话题进行交谈，如天气、运动或流行的电视节目。本空修饰动词make，作状语，应用副词generally“通常地”。故填generally。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：他们通常与陌生人或熟悉的人就轻松的话题进行交谈，如天气、运动或流行的电视节目。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the people ，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作with的宾语，应用关系代词whom/who/that引导。故填whom/who/that。 3. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：当你在公共汽车站站着的时候，如果一个陌生人用“你昨晚看超级碗了吗？多精彩的比赛啊！”之类的话和你打招呼，不要惊讶。While引导时间状语从句，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的时间状语从句完整句子为While you are ____ (stand)，本空用standing，与空前的are构成现在进行时。省略you are，保留standing。故填standing。 4.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当你在公共汽车站站着的时候，如果一个陌生人用“你昨晚看超级碗了吗？多精彩的比赛啊！”之类的话和你打招呼，不要惊讶。本空为if引导的条件状语从句的谓语，此处描述的是一般事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语a stranger为第三人称单数，谓语应用greet“打招呼”的第三人称单数形式greets。故填greets。 5. 考查冠词。句意：他们也可能开你们两个人都排的长队的玩笑。play a joke为固定短语，意为“开玩笑”，本空用冠词a，符合题意。故填a。 6. 考查形容词。句意：当然，并非所有的闲聊都是令人愉快的，所以如果陌生人说了让你不舒服的话，也没关系。空处作表语，应用形容词enjoyable，意为“令人愉快的”。故填enjoyable。 7. 考查介词。句意：此外，美国人以直言不讳而闻名。in addition为固定短语，意为“此外”，本空用介词in，符合题意，位于句首，首字母大写。故填In。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：尤其是在工作场所，你可能会惊讶地发现美国人并不害怕表达自己的想法。本句谓语为may be，此处为非谓语动词，be surprised to do为固定短语，意为“惊讶地做某事”，本空用find“发现”的不定式。故填to find。 9. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：例如，虽然你的老板应该总是受到尊重，但如果你有问题，你可以直接问。空处修饰名词boss，应用形容词性物主代词your，意为“你的”。故填your。 10. 考查名词。句意：直言不讳和粗鲁之间当然有区别，但说点什么也没关系！空处作主语，应用different的名词difference，意为“区别”。故填difference。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·江西宜春·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The International Workers’ Day, sometimes 1 (call) Labour Day or May Day, is not only a celebration of workers’ rights, but also a 2 (season) celebration in many countries. The holiday is a celebration of laborers in about 90 countries. This holiday 3 (observe) since 1920 to show people’s awareness of protecting the working class 4 exploitation (剥削). In China, people don’t need to go to work from May 1st until May 3rd, many of 5 take this opportunity to meet up friends 6 go for short trips, with no specific public events during the holiday. A recent report was issued by the China Tourism Academy, 7 (say) that the number of domestic tourist trips will reach about 4.55 billion, 8 increase of 73 percent year on year. “China’s tourism market has embarked on a track of 9 (recover) this year. And we will see a continuous ‘travel frenzy’ during the May Day holiday. This is because people are looking forward to the holiday to enjoy 10 (they),” said Li Huigin, a tourism expert with the China University of Geosciences. 【答案】 1. called 2. seasonal 3. has been observed 4.from 5. whom 6. or 7. saying 8. an 9. recovery 10. themselves 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国际劳动节的起源和意义，特别着重于在中国这一节日的庆祝方式和假期间的旅游趋势。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：国际劳动节，有时被称为劳动节或五一节，不仅是工人权利的庆祝活动，也是许多国家的季节性庆祝活动。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作The International Workers’ Day的后置定语，对其作补充说明，call“给……命名，称呼”和The International Workers’ Day逻辑上是被动关系，应用call的过去分词形式。故填called。 2. 考查形容词。句意：国际劳动节，有时被称为劳动节或五一节，不仅是工人权利的庆祝活动，也是许多国家的季节性庆祝活动。分析句子可知，空处修饰名词celebration，应用形容词seasonal，意为“季节性的”，作定语。故填seasonal。 3. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这个节日从1920年开始庆祝，以显示人们保护工人阶级不受剥削的意识。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“since 1920”可知，时态应用现在完成时，observe“庆祝”和主语This holiday之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数名词，助动词应用has。故填has been observed。 4.考查介词。句意：这个节日从1920年开始庆祝，以显示人们保护工人阶级不受剥削的意识。根据“protecting the working class”和“exploitation”可知，此处用固定短语protect…from…，意为“保护……免受……”。故填from。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：在中国，从5月1日到5月3日，人们不需要上班，许多人利用这个机会与朋友见面或短途旅行，假期期间没有特定的公共活动。分析句子可知，空处和空前的many of搭配，形成“代词+介词+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，先行词指人，作介词of的宾语，因此应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 6. 考查连词。句意：在中国，从5月1日到5月3日，人们不需要上班，许多人利用这个机会与朋友见面或短途旅行，假期期间没有特定的公共活动。分析句子可知，空处连接前后两个动词短语meet up friends和go for short trips，两者之间是选择关系，应用表示“或，或者”的并列连词or。故填or。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院最近发布的一份报告称，国内旅游人次将达到约45.5亿人次，同比增长73%。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语动词，say“说”和A recent report逻辑上是主动关系，应用say的现在分词形式，作状语。故填saying。 8. 考查冠词。句意：中国旅游研究院最近发布的一份报告称，国内旅游人次将达到约45.5亿人次，同比增长73%。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一份73%的增长”，应用不定冠词，且increase的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 9. 考查名词。句意：今年，中国旅游市场走上了复苏的轨道。分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语，名词recovery符合题意，意为“复苏”，是不可数名词。故填recovery。 10. 考查代词。句意：这是因为人们期待着这个假期来玩得开心。固定短语enjoy oneself意为“玩得开心”，空处应用they的反身代词形式。故填themselves。 Passage 4 （23-24高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lion dance is a form of 1 (tradition) dance in China, 2 can be often seen in important festivals and great events. China is home to the Dragon Dance and Lion Dance.The two 3 (performance) have been welcomed by people from various ethnic groups for generations. 4 is said that the lion dance in China originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties with 5 history of more than one thousand years.The lions stand for joy and 6 (happy).Therefore,during festivals and grand ceremonies,people would perform lion dance 7 (create) a happy and exciting atmosphere.Many young people know that the dragon dance and the lion dance 8 (perform) during festivals such as Spring Festival and celebrations.But they don’t know that after several thousand years the two activities have accumulated thick historical cultures and are 9 (extreme) valuable cultural heritages 10 (pass) down from Chinese people’s ancestors. 【答案】 1. traditional 2. which 3. performaces 4.It 5. a 6. happiness 7. to create 8. are performed 9. extremely 10. passed 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了舞龙舞狮活动的历史以及重要意义。 1. 考查形容词。句意：舞狮是中国的一种传统舞蹈形式，在重要的节日和重大活动中经常可以看到。修饰名词dance应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：舞狮是中国的一种传统舞蹈形式，在重要的节日和重大活动中经常可以看到。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Lion dance，从句缺少主语，指物，故填which。 3. 考查名词的数。句意：这两种表演都受到各族人民世世代代的欢迎。作主语用名词，由谓语have可知，用复数，故填performances。 4.考查代词。句意：据说中国的舞狮起源于南北朝，至今已有一千多年的历史。空处用it作形式主语，真正主语是“that the lion dance in China originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties with　　1　　 history of more than one thousand years”，It is said that…是固定句型，表示“据说……”，故填It。 5. 考查冠词。句意同上。表示“有……历史”短语为with a history of。故填a。 6. 考查名词。句意：狮子代表快乐和幸福。作介词for的宾语应用名词happiness，不可数名词。故填happiness。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，在节日和盛大的仪式上，人们会表演舞狮，以创造一种快乐和兴奋的气氛。设空处为非谓语，create在句中作目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to create。 8. 考查时态语态。句意：许多年轻人只知道舞龙、舞狮是在春节、庆典等节日里表演的。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为the dragon dance and lion dance，谓语用复数。故填are performed。 9. 考查副词。句意：但是经过几千年的发展，这两个活动已经积累了厚重的历史文化，是中国祖先传下来的非常宝贵的文化遗产。修饰形容词valuable应用副词作状语。故填extremely。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。设空处为非谓语，pass与逻辑主语heritages构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填passed。 Passage 5 （23-24高一下·福建宁德·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ireland’s beautiful countryside has greatly affected its people and 1 (tradition). The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside is exciting and 2 (inspire) because it offers something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and 3 (it) many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills 4 (dot) with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up of the music of the coast. 5 is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions 6 include music, dancing, and dining. 7 (have) a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax 8 a glass of wine or a local beer. 9 (good) yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you 10 (be) lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and dancing. 【答案】 1. traditions 2. inspiring 3. its 4.dotted 5. It 6. that/which 7. To have 8. with 9. Better 10. are 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了爱尔兰的美丽乡村风光及其对当地人民和传统的深远影响。 1. 考查名词的数。句意：爱尔兰美丽的乡村极大地影响了它的人民和传统。与people并列作宾语，前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填traditions。 2. 考查形容词。句意：它美丽的乡村令人兴奋和鼓舞人心，因为它为每一种感官提供了一些东西。作表语，主语为countryside，应用形容词inspiring。故填inspiring。 3. 考查代词。句意：“翡翠岛”宁静的风景和它的许多绿色的县是一个真正的视觉盛宴，起伏的绿色山丘点缀着羊和牛。修饰名词counties应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意：“翡翠岛”宁静的风景和它的许多绿色的县是一个真正的视觉盛宴，起伏的绿色山丘点缀着羊和牛。此处为with复合结构，设空处作宾补，短语be dotted with“点缀着”， hills与动词dot之间为被动关系，设空处填过去分词作宾补。故填dotted。 5. 考查it作形式主语。句意：毫不奇怪，爱尔兰已经发展出强大的传统，其中包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮。此处为句型It is not surprising that…，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句；置于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：毫不奇怪，爱尔兰已经发展出强大的传统，其中包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮。引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词traditions，在从句作主语，指物，用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：想要体验这一切，你可以在乡村酒吧停下来，喝杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。have在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，句首单词首字母大写。故填To have。 8. 考查介词。句意：想要体验这一切，你可以在乡村酒吧停下来，喝杯葡萄酒或当地啤酒放松一下。后跟名词作宾语，作伴随状语，应用介词with。故填with。 9. 考查固定短语。句意：更好的是，享受美味的传统爱尔兰炖牛肉。短语better yet表示“更好的是”，首字母大写。故填Better。 10. 考查时态。句意：如果你幸运的话，你可能会欣赏到一些传统的音乐和舞蹈。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为you，谓语用复数。故填are。 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （23-24高一下·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The International Workers’ Day, sometimes 1 (call) Labour Day or May Day, is not only a celebration of workers’ rghts, but also a 2 (season) celebration in many countries. The holiday is a celebration of labourers in about 90 countries. People 3 (celebrate) this holiday since 1920 to show their 4 (aware) of protecting the working class 5 exploitation (剥削). In China, people don’t need to go to work from May 1st until May 3rd, many of 6 take this opportunity to meet up friends 7 go for short trips, with no specific public events during the holiday. A recent report 8 (issue) by the China Tourism Academy, saying that the number of domestic (国内的) tourist trips will reach about 4.55 billion, 9 increase of 73 percent year on year. “China’s tourism market has embarked on a track of 10 (recover) this year. And we will see a continuous’ travel frenzy (狂热) ‘during the May Day holiday,” said Li Huigin, a tourism expert with the China University of Geosciences. 【答案】 1. called 2. seasonal 3. have celebrated/have been celebrating 4.awareness 5. from 6. whom 7. or 8. was issued 9. an 10. recovery 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了国际劳动节的由来以及庆祝活动。今年，劳动节期间中国的旅游市场走上了复苏的轨道。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：国际劳动节，有时被称为劳动节或五一节，不仅是工人权利的庆祝活动，也是许多国家的季节性的庆祝活动。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语修饰The International Workers’ Day，且与逻辑主语构成被动关系，用过去分词。故填called。 2. 考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰celebration，用形容词作定语，表示“季节性的”为seasonal。故填seasonal。 3. 考查动词时态。句意：人们从1920年开始庆祝这个节日，以显示他们保护工人阶级不受剥削的意识。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词，根据since 1920，句子为现在完成时，也可用现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性，主语为复数。故填have celebrated/have been celebrating。 4.考查名词。句意同上。空处作show的宾语，用aware的名词形式awareness“意识”，为不可数名词，故填awareness。 5. 考查介词。句意同上。protect…from…意思为：保护……免受……。故填from。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：在中国，从5月1日到5月3日，人们不需要上班，许多人利用这个机会与朋友见面或短途旅行，假期期间没有特定的公共活动。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词与many of引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为people，作介词of的宾语，表示人，用关系代词whom。故填whom。 7. 考查连词。句意同上。meet up friends与go for short trips为选择关系，故填or。 8. 考查动词时态语态。句意：中国旅游研究院最近发布的一份报告称，国内旅游人次将达到约45.5亿人次，同比增长73%。分析句子可知，空处缺少谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语report为单数，与issue构成被动关系，为一般过去时的被动语态。故填was issued。 9. 考查冠词。句意同上。分析句子可知，空处为4.55 billion的同位语，结合increase of可知，此处为an increase of…意思为：……的增长。故填an。 10. 考查名词。句意：今年，中国旅游市场走上了复苏的轨道。分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语，用recover的名词recovery“恢复”，此处表抽象意义，为不可数名词，故填recovery。 Passage 7 （23-24高一下·辽宁沈阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Olive Tree Day takes place on 26 November every year. It 1 (establish) officially at the 40th session of the UNESCO General Conference in 2019. The olive tree, especially the olive branch, holds an important place 2 people’s mind. Since ancient times, it has symbolized peace, 3 (wise) and harmony. It is important not just to the countries 4 these noble trees grow but also to people and communities worldwide. Protecting and growing the olive tree is 5 increasingly urgent thing as the world fights against climate change. The conservation of cultural and natural heritage (遗产) is one of UNESCO’s 6 (center) goals, and marking World Olive Tree Day strengthens the efforts to achieve 7 . World Olive Tree Day is set up 8 (encourage) the protection of the olive tree and stress the values it symbolizes, 9 (inspire) people to appreciate its important social, cultural, economic and environmental significance to humans. There is much to learn, share and celebrate on World Olive Tree Day, and UNESCO encourages everyone to participate in activities such as debates, conferences, cultural events and exhibitions 10 (organize) worldwide. 【答案】 1. was established 2. in 3. wisdom 4.where 5. an 6. central 7. it 8. to encourage 9. inspiring 10. organized 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界橄榄树日设立的目的、作用和意义。 1. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它是在2019年教科文组织大会第四十届会议上正式成立的。根据时间状语“in 2019”可知，使用一般过去时，主语It和谓语动词establish是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语第三人称单数，be动词使用was。故填was established。 2. 考查介词。句意：橄榄树，尤其是橄榄枝，在人们的心目中占有重要的地位。固定搭配in one’s mind，意为“在某人心里”。故填in。 3. 考查名词。句意：自古以来，它就象征着和平、智慧与和谐。结合该空前后两名词，该空用不可数名词wisdom作并列宾语。故填wisdom。 4.考查定语从句。句意：这不仅对这些高贵的树木生长的国家很重要，对全世界的人们和社区也很重要。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the countries，从句中缺少地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 5. 考查冠词。句意：随着全球对抗气候变化，保护和种植橄榄树是一件越来越紧迫的事情。此处泛指“一件越来越紧迫的事情”，increasingly以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 6. 考查形容词。句意：保护文化和自然遗产是教科文组织的核心目标之一，纪念世界橄榄树日将加强实现这一目标的努力。修饰名词goals，需用形容词central，作定语。故填central。 7. 考查代词。句意同上。空处作宾语，指代上文的“one of UNESCO’s 　　1　　 (center) goals”，需用代词it。故填it。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：设立世界橄榄树日是为了鼓励保护橄榄树，强调橄榄树所象征的价值，激励人们认识到橄榄树对人类的重要社会、文化、经济和环境意义。空处作目的状语，需用动不定式。故填to encourage。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。逻辑主语World Olive Tree Day和inspire是主动关系，需用inspire用现在分词形式作状语。故填inspiring。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在世界橄榄树日有许多值得学习、分享和庆祝的东西，联合国教科文组织鼓励每个人都参加在世界各地组织的辩论、会议、文化活动和展览等活动。逻辑主语debates, conferences, cultural events and exhibitions和非谓语动词organize是被动关系，应用organize的过去分词形式作后置定语。故填organized。 Passage 8 （23-24高一下·海南海口·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people cherish the magic of Father Christmas. That is the reason 1 Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas 2 a special time of year. The man who wrote these letters is one of the 3 (famous) names in English literature—J. R. R. Tolkien. With his limitless 4 (image), he created new worlds for his readers to explore. Every Christmas, an envelope with a North Pole stamp 5 (address) to Tolkien’s children. Each letter took Tolkien a long time 6 (complete). A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear, 7 once climbed the North Pole and fell through the roof of Father Christmas’s house. 8 (interest), the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good. The book told us that as well as 9 (enjoy) the adventures of Father Christmas, Polar Bear and other 10 (character) at the North Pole, we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time. By expressing love for his children in such a special way, Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas. 【答案】 1. why 2. as 3. most famous 4.imagination 5. was addressed 6. to complete 7. who 8. Interestingly 9. enjoying 10. characters 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国著名文学家J. R. R. Tolkien的《圣诞老人的书信集》，每年圣诞节Tolkien用给孩子写信的特殊方式表达对孩子们的爱，文章认为也许他才是真正的圣诞老人。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：这就是为什么《圣诞老人的书信集》对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中一个特殊时刻的人来说是一本完美的书。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的原因，作原因状语，应用关系副词why作引导词。故填why。 2. 考查介词。句意：这就是为什么《圣诞老人的书信集》对于那些把圣诞节视为一年中一个特殊时刻的人来说是一本完美的书。固定短语regard… as…意为“把……视作……”。故填as。 3. 考查形容词最高级。句意：写这些信的人是英国文学界最著名的名字之一——J. R. R. Tolkien。固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……之一”。故填most famous。 4.考查名词。句意：凭借他无限的想象力，他创造了新的世界供读者探索。空处作With的宾语，结合“he created new worlds”可知，应用名词imagination，意为“想象力”，是不可数名词。故填imagination。 5. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：每年圣诞节，都有一个贴着北极邮票的信封寄给Tolkien的孩子们。空处作句子的谓语，结合上下文可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，address和主语an envelope之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数名词，be动词应用was。故填was addressed。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Tolkien花了很长时间才写完每封信。固定句型sth. takes sb. time to do意为“某事花费某人时间去做”，用不定式作目的状语。故填to complete。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：这些信件中经常出现的一个人物是北极熊，曾经爬上北极，从圣诞老人的房子的屋顶上掉了下来。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Polar Bear作补充说明，先行词指人物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。 8. 考查副词。句意：有趣的是，这些信中并没有通常对孩子们的警告，即如果他们表现不好，他们可能不会收到礼物。空处修饰整个句子，副词interestingly符合题意，意为“有趣地”，作状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Interestingly。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书告诉我们，除了享受圣诞老人、北极熊和其他角色在北极的冒险之外，我们都可以在圣诞节分享真正的给予精神。短语介词as well as意为“除了……之外（还），以及”，空处应用enjoy的动名词形式，作其宾语。故填enjoying。 10. 考查名词复数。句意：这本书告诉我们，除了享受圣诞老人、北极熊和其他角色在北极的冒险之外，我们都可以在圣诞节分享真正的给予精神。空前有other，可数名词character应用复数形式。故填characters。 Passage 9 （23-24高一下·广东茂名·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式，并将本题的答案写在答题卡上 Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of 1 (origin), such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has 2 (it) different customs and unique charms. However, no matter 3 differen they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of 4 (share) joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. Of all the 5 (tradition) festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate 6 ( show) that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival 7 (celebrate) during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast 8 music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over 9 meal. During the Mid — Autumn Festival in China, families gather 10 (happy) to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. 【答案】 1. origins 2. its 3. how 4.sharing 5. traditional 6. to show 7. was celebrated 8. with 9. a 10. happily 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了节日的起源和意义。 1. 考查名词的数。句意：节日的起源范围很广，有季节，宗教，著名人物和重大事件。此处为名词作宾语，“origin起源，来源”为可数名词，且空前有短语a wide range of，故应用名词的复数形式，故填origins。 2. 考查形容词性的物主代词。句意：每个节日都有它不同的风俗和独特的魅力。此处指代前文every festival，且意为“它的”，故应用形容词性物主代词its修饰different customs and unique charms，故填its。 3. 考查副词。句意：然而尽管节日看起来有些不同，但它们却有许多共同之处：喜悦，感恩，爱，和平。此处为“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句，且此修饰形容词different，故应用副词how，故填how。 4.考查动名词。句意：同上。此处意为“做……的精神”，表达为the spirit of doing sth.，of为介词，后跟动名词作宾语，故填sharing。 5. 考查形容词。句意：在所有的传统节日中，收获的节日几乎在每一种文化中都可以被找到。此处修饰名词festivals，故应用形容词“traditional传统的”，故填traditional。 6. 考查不定式。句意：人们庆祝以表达他们对这一年的食物供应表示感谢。此处表示目的，“庆祝的目的是为了表达……”，故应用不定式作目的状语，故填to show。 7. 考查时态和语态。句意：在古埃及，丰收节是在春天的时候庆祝的——埃及丰收节。此处作谓语动词，主语为the harvest festival，为单数，与celebrate之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语in ancient Egypt可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填was celebrated。 8. 考查介词。句意：古代埃及的收获节以游行和伴有音乐，舞蹈和体育运动的盛宴为特色。此处意为“有着，伴有”，故应用介词with，故填with。 9. 考查冠词。句意：今天在欧洲的一些国家，人们用花和水果装饰教堂和大厅，聚在一起吃饭庆祝。此处“meal饭”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一顿饭”，故应用不定冠词，且meal以辅音音素开头，故填a。 10. 考查副词。句意：在中国的中秋节，全家人聚在一起开心地赏月，吃月饼。此处作状语，修饰动词gather，故应用副词happily“高兴地”，故填happily。 Passage 10 （23-24高一下·全国·随堂练习）语法填空 Every culture in the world celebrates festivals. Festivals around the world not only have 1 wide range of origins but also have different customs. The harvest festival, 2 takes place after all the crops have been gathered in, can be found in almost every culture. People celebrate it 3 (show) their gratitude to the year’s supply of food. But the 4 (celebrate) vary from country to country. In ancient Egypt, it 5 (feature) a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports during springtime. During the Mid－Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the 6 (shine) moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Customs change with the 7 (develop) of modern society. In China, many big cities 8 (give) up the custom of lighting firecrackers in order to avoid air pollution. Nowadays, businesses take advantage of the celebrations and make festivals commercial. Although some are 9 it, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. Festivals reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes towards life. If you study festivals 10 (careful), you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 【答案】 1. a 2. which 3. to show 4.celebrations 5. featured 6. shining 7. development 8. have given 9. against 10. carefully 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们庆祝节日的原因。 1. 考查冠词。句意：世界各地的节日不仅有广泛的起源，而且有不同的习俗。a wide range of为固定搭配，意为“广泛的”。故填a。 2. 考查定语从句。句意：收获节是在所有的庄稼收割完毕后举行的，几乎在每一种文化中都有。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The harvest festival，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们庆祝它是为了表达他们对一年的食物供应的感激之情。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填to show。 4.考查名词。句意：但各国的庆祝活动各不相同。空处作主语，需填名词celebration，谓语动词vary是原形，主语为复数形式。故填celebrations。 5. 考查动词时态。句意：在古埃及，它的特色是在春天举行游行和盛大的宴会，有音乐、舞蹈和体育活动。根据“In ancient Egypt”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填featured。 6. 考查形容词。句意：在中国的中秋节，家人聚在一起欣赏明月，享受美味的月饼。修饰名词moon，需用形容词shining，作定语。故填shining。 7. 考查名词。句意：习俗随着现代社会的发展而改变。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词development，作宾语。故填development。 8. 考查动词时态。句意：在中国，为了避免空气污染，许多大城市已经放弃了放鞭炮的习俗。此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为many big cities，助动词用have。故填have given。 9. 考查介词。句意：尽管有些人反对，但其他人认为增加支出有利于经济和公众幸福。表示“反对”应用介词against。故填against。 10. 考查副词。句意：如果你仔细研究节日，你可能会惊讶地发现，不同的文化实际上有很多共同点。修饰动词study，需用副词carefully，作状语。故填carefully。 三、 高阶提升 高一下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Passage 11 （22-23高一下·山东威海·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Wetlands Day, celebrated annually on February 2nd, aims to raise global awareness about the important role of wetlands for people and our planet. World Wetlands Day 1 (adopt) by the United Nations in 2021. It makes efforts 2 (realize) the long Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and deal with global issues related to climate and biodiversity (生物多样性) challenges. Now with seven years left for the SDGs, the UN is calling again to restore wetlands. This year’s theme is “Time for Wetland Restoration,” 3 brings to attention the rapid loss of wetland systems worldwide. In just 50 years, 35% of the world’s wetlands 4 (lose) since 1970. Wetlands are disappearing three times 5 (fast) than forests and are Earth’s most 6 (threaten) ecosystem. Human activities that lead to loss of wetlands include construction, pollution, overfishing and so on. It is 7 opportunity for us to rethink and change how humans impact the environment. While wetlands cover just 6% of the earth’s surface, they are home 8 about 40% of the world’s plant and animal species. Wetlands provide people with food and water, offering natural protection and 9 (serve) many other important functions. Huge changes are needed to solve the climate and biodiversity crisis, yet there are small things we can all do to keep our wetlands and our wildlife 10 (health). 【答案】 1. was adopted 2. to realize 3. which 4.have been lost 5. faster 6. threatened 7. an 8. to 9. serving 10. healthy 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。每年2月2日是世界湿地日，旨在提高全球对湿地的重要作用的认识。 1. 考查时态和语态。句意：联合国于2021年通过了世界湿地日。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据时间状语in 2021可知句子说的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过去时的被动语态，因主语World Wetlands Day为单数，故填was adopted。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它努力实现长期的可持续发展目标，处理与气候和生物多样性挑战有关的全球问题。分析句子结构，make efforts to do为固定句型，含义为“努力做某事”，符合句意，故填to realize。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：今年的主题是“湿地恢复时间”，它引起了人们对全球湿地系统迅速丧失的关注。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为Time for Wetland Restoration，因空白处在定语从句中做主语指物，使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 4.考查时态和语态。句意：自1970年以来，在短短50年内，世界上35%的湿地已经消失。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据时间状语since 1970可知句子表达的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时的被动语态，因主语35% of the world’s wetlands为复数，故填have been lost。 5. 考查倍数的表示法。句意：湿地的消失速度是森林的三倍，是地球上最受威胁的生态系统。分析句子结构，倍数的表示法为：“倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than”，含义为“是……的……倍”，符合句意，所以空白处应填副词的比较级形式，故填faster。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语ecosystem之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填threatened。 7. 考查冠词。句意：这是我们重新思考和改变人类如何影响环境的机会。根据名词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词，表示“一个”含义，因空白处后面名词的第一个发音音素为元音，故填an。 8. 考查介词。句意：虽然湿地只覆盖了地球表面的6%，但它们是世界上大约40%的动植物物种的家园。分析句子结构，be home to为固定句型，含义为“是……的家园”，符合句意，故填to。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：湿地为人们提供食物和水，提供自然保护，并提供许多其他重要功能。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语Wetlands之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填serving。 10. 考查形容词。句意：解决气候和生物多样性危机需要巨大的变化，但我们都可以做一些小事来保持湿地和野生动物的健康。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾补修饰宾语our wetlands and our wildlife并表示属性，使用形容词，故填healthy。 Passage 12 （23-24高一下·福建福州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Day of the Dead, or Dia de los Muertos, is an 1 (energy) and colorful celebration of life and death and an important part of Mexican culture. The holiday’s roots go back thousands of years to the indigenous people, who believed death is a natural part of the cycle of life. They celebrated the occasion for a month with burial ceremonies and shrines. When the Spanish 2 (conquer) the regions in the 16th century, they introduced All Saints’ Day and All Soul’s Day to honor 3 dead. Over time, the two cultures mixed, 4 (give) rise to the Day of the Dead as it is known today. The most familiar 5 (symbol) of the holiday are the skeletons and skulls. They appear on everything. The 6 (bright) colored smiling skulls serve as a reminder that the holiday is a celebration of the lives of those who are no longer with us. It is a joyful, not a sad event. The festivities begin at midnight on November 1st. It is believed that this is 7 the border between the living world and the spirit world disappears. This allows late loved ones 8 (cross) over and join their families. Families visit the graves of their ancestors, cleaning and decorating them 9 flowers and candles. The celebrations also include parades, music, dancing, 10 feasting. 【答案】 1. energetic 2. conquered 3. the 4.giving 5. symbols 6. brightly 7. when 8. to cross 9. with 10. and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了亡灵节的起源、文化意义、庆祝方式以及节日的象征物，如骷髅和头骨等。 1. 考查形容词。句意：亡灵节（或称为“逝者之日”）是一个充满活力和色彩的庆祝生命与死亡的节日，是墨西哥文化的重要组成部分。空处为形容词作定语，修饰名词“celebration”。故填energetic。 2. 考查时态。句意：当西班牙人在16世纪征服了这些地区时，他们引入了万圣节和万灵节来纪念逝者。这里为从句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the 16th century”可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故填conquered。 3. 考查冠词。句意：当西班牙人在16世纪征服了这些地区时，他们引入了万圣节和万灵节来纪念逝者。定冠词the+形容词，表示“一类人”。the dead逝者。故填the。 4.考查非谓语动词。句意：随着时间的推移，两种文化相互融合，形成了如今我们所知的亡灵节。非谓语动词担当状语，表示主句一句话所产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填giving。 5. 考查名词的数。句意：这个节日最熟悉的象征是骷髅和头骨。根据谓语动词“are”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填symbols。 6. 考查副词。句意：色彩鲜艳的微笑头骨提醒我们，这个节日是为了庆祝那些不再与我们同在的人们的生命。空处用副词作状语，修饰形容词“colored”。故填brightly。 7. 考查表语从句。句意：人们相信这是生命世界和精神世界之间的边界消失的时候。这里为表语从句的引导词，表语从句中缺少时间状语，用when引导。故填when。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这让逝去的亲人得以跨越，加入他们的家庭。非谓语动词担当动词allow后的宾语补足语，用动词不定式形式，构成短语：allow…to do…，意为“使……能做……”。故填to cross。 9. 考查介词。句意：家家户户都去祭拜祖先的坟墓，用鲜花和蜡烛打扫坟墓，装饰坟墓。空处意为“用……”，用介词with。故填with。 10. 考查连词。句意：庆祝活动还包括游行、音乐、舞蹈和宴会。空前“parades, music, dancing”和空后“feasting”之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 Passage 13 （23-24高一下·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Earth Day was founded in 1970 as a day of education about environmental problems, and Earth Day 2020 1 (fall) on Wednesday, April 22 — the holiday’s 50th anniversary. The holiday is now a global celebration that’s sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of events focused on green living. 2 (elect) to the U. S. Senate (参议院) in 1962, Senator Gaylord Nelson was determined to convince the federal government that the planet was 3 risk. In 1969, Nelson developed the idea for Earth Day after 4 (inspire) by some teaching activities 5 were taking place on college campuses around the United States. Denis Hayes, a young activist who had served as student president at Stanford University, 6 (select) as Earth Day’s national coordinator (协调者), and he worked with 7 army of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelson’s Senate office 8 (organize) the project. The first Earth Day was effective at raising 9 (aware) about environmental problems and transforming public attitudes. Earth Day kicked off the “Environmental decade with a bang,” as Senator Nelson later put it. The theme of Earth Day 2020 is “climate action.” EarthDay.org hopes it will be the 10 (large) volunteer event in history. 【答案】 1. falls 2. Elected 3. at 4.being inspired 5. that 6. was selected 7. an 8. to organize 9. awareness 10. largest 【导语】这是一篇说明文。地球日成立于1970年，是一个关于环境问题的教育日，旨在提高人们对环境问题的认识，2020年地球日定于4月22日星期三，这是该节日的50周年纪念日。文章对此进行了介绍。 1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：地球日成立于1970年，是一个关于环境问题的教育日，2020年地球日定于4月22日星期三，这是该节日的50周年纪念日。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词短语fall on意为“落在某个时间或日期上”，注意主谓一致。故填falls。 2. 考查过去分词。句意：1962年，参议员盖洛德·纳尔逊当选为美国参议员，他决心让联邦政府相信地球正处于危险之中。动词elect意为“选举”，和逻辑主语Senator Gaylord Nelson构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式，句首首字母应大写。故填Elected。 3. 考查介词。句意：1962年，参议员盖洛德·纳尔逊当选为美国参议员，他决心让联邦政府相信地球正处于危险之中。at risk意为“处于危险中”，所以此处应用介词at。故填at。 4.考查动名词的被动式。句意：1969年，纳尔逊受到美国大学校园里举行的一些教学活动的启发，萌生了地球日的想法。动词inspire意为“启发”，和逻辑主语Nelson构成被动关系，在介词after后，应用动名词的被动形式作宾语。故填being inspired。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：1969年，纳尔逊受到美国大学校园里举行的一些教学活动的启发，萌生了地球日的想法。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为teaching activities，指物，被some修饰，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词that。故填that。 6. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：丹尼斯·海斯是一位年轻的活动家，曾在斯坦福大学担任学生主席，他被选为地球日的全国协调员，他与一大批学生志愿者和纳尔逊参议院办公室的几名工作人员一起组织了这个项目。根据“and he worked with”可知，此处应用一般过去时。谓语动词select意为“选择”，和主语Denis Hayes构成被动关系，注意主谓一致。故填was selected。 7. 考查冠词。句意：丹尼斯·海斯是一位年轻的活动家，曾在斯坦福大学担任学生主席，他被选为地球日的全国协调员，他与一大批学生志愿者和纳尔逊参议院办公室的几名工作人员一起组织了这个项目。an army of意为“一大批”，此处应用冠词an。故填an。 8. 考查动词不定式。句意：丹尼斯·海斯是一位年轻的活动家，曾在斯坦福大学担任学生主席，他被选为地球日的全国协调员，他与一大批学生志愿者和纳尔逊参议院办公室的几名工作人员一起组织了这个项目。动词organize意为“组织”，此处应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to organize。 9. 考查名词。句意：第一个地球日有效地提高了人们对环境问题的认识，改变了公众的态度。此处作宾语应用不可数名词awareness表示“意识”。故填awareness。 10. 考查最高级。句意：地球日组织希望这将成为历史上最大的志愿者活动。根据“in history”可知，此处是指三者或三者以上的比较，所以应用形容词large的最高级形式，作定语修饰volunteer event。故填largest。 Passage 14 （23-24高一下·福建福州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first Buy Nothing Day 1 (celebrate) in September 1992. In1997, it was changed to the Friday following Thanksgiving in November. Soon after, it gained 2 support of Adbusters, a Canadian media company questioning the 3 (important) that cultures give to advertising and shopping. When the group tried to place commercials (广告) on television, the only major TV network 4 accepted them was CNN. Despite these attempts to silence the movement, it spread to the US, Germany, Japan, and several other countries worldwide. Buy Nothing Day challenges people to avoid 5 (buy) anything for 24 hours. Supporters hope that during this time, people will reflect on the need to “have things”, which is pushed by large companies. By getting people to focus on what they do have, they can become more sympathetic (有同情心的) towards the poor 6 people who have less than they do. Another activity 7 (call) the zombie walk is to show the way most people shop. In this walk, participants walk around shopping malls like zombies. If 8 (ask) what’s happening, they will educate them about Buy Nothing Day. Whirl-Mart is another funny method of drawing attention to the purpose of Buy Nothing Day. People will take empty shopping carts and form a line inside a supermarket. Then, they will race through the aisles (通道) 9 putting anything in their empty carts. Other supporters celebrate the event by 10 (simple) doing other free activities such as hiking, bicycling, or taking a boat ride. No matter how one participates, Buy Nothing Day presents us with an opportunity to remember that the best things in life are free. 【答案】 1. was celebrated 2. the 3. importance 4.that 5. buying 6. and 7. called 8. asked 9. without 10. simply 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“不消费日”。第一个“不消费日”是在1992年9月庆祝的，1997年改为11月感恩节后的星期五。在这一天，参加者被要求在24小时内不买任何东西，同时可以参加一些活动，比如“僵尸行走”，“Whirl-Mart”等。无论人们如何参与，“不消费日”都会给人们一个机会记住生活中最好的东西是免费的。 1. 考查时态和被动。句意：第一个“不消费日”是在1992年9月庆祝的。分析可知，所填动词作句子的谓语动词。结合时间状语“in September 1992”可知，该句用一般过去时，且主语“The first Buy Nothing Day”与动词“celebrate”之间为被动关系，用一般过去时被动语态，The first Buy Nothing Day作主语，谓语用单数。故填was celebrated。 2. 考查定冠词。句意：不久之后，它得到了一家加拿大媒体公司Adbusters的支持，该公司质疑文化对广告和购物的重要性。分析可知，“support”此处为名词，意为“支持”，所填空应是冠词。且之后“of Adbusters”为其后置定语，因此这里应是用定冠词“the”表达特指。故填the。 3. 考查名词。句意：不久之后，它得到了一家加拿大媒体公司Adbusters的支持，该公司质疑文化对广告和购物的重要性。设空处作宾语，应填名词。“important”，形容词，意为“重要的”，其名词形式为“importance(重要性)”，不可数。故填importance。 4.考查定语从句引导词。句意：当该组织试图在电视上投放商业广告时，唯一接受它们的主要电视网络是CNN。分析可知，“___4 ___ accepted them”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the only major TV network”，设空处指代先行词，在从句中作主语，且由“the only”修饰，应是用that作关系代词，引导从句。故填that。 5. 考查动名词。句意：“不消费日”强烈建议人们在24小时内不买任何东西。分析可知，“avoid doing”，固定短语，意为“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填buying。 6. 考查连词。句意：通过让人们关注他们所拥有的东西，他们可以对穷人和比他们拥有的少的人更加同情。分析可知，“the poor(贫穷的人)”与空后“people who have less than they do(那些比他们拥有的少的人)”为并列短语，所填应是并列连词and。故填and。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一项被称为“僵尸行走”的活动是展示大多数人购物的方式。分析可知，“__7 ___ (call) the zombie walk”为之前名词“Another activity”的后置定语，动词“call”与其之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填called。 8. 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：如果被问到发生了什么，他们会让人了解“不消费日”。分析可知，“If ____8____ (ask) what’s happening”为条件状语从句，其主语与主句主语“they”一致，动词“ask”与主语之间为被动关系，从句中主语和be动词省略，这里用过去分词形式。故填asked。 9. 考查介词。句意：然后，他们会在不把任何东西放进他们的空推车里的情况下跑过跑道。分析可知，空后“putting anything in their carts”为动名词，因此所填空应是介词，动名词作其宾语。结合语境“Buy Nothing Day(不消费日)”可推知，在无消费日这一天，应是空空的购物车，即，不放任何商品在购物车里。那么这里应是介词“without(在没有（发生或做某事）的情况下)”，“without doing”，“在没有做某事的情况下”。故填without。 10. 考查副词。句意：其他的支持者只是通过其他免费的活动来庆祝这一事件，比如徒步旅行、骑自行车或乘船。分析可知，这里用副词作状语，修饰动词短语“doing other free activities…”。“simple”，形容词，意为“简单的”，其副词形式为“simply(简单地，只是)”。故填simply。 Passage 15 （23-24高一下·重庆·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In February, I traveled to York in the UK to participate in the Jorvik Viking Festival, Europe’s largest Viking festival, which 1 (hold) annually since 1985. In the city center were hundreds of people with swords, axes and helmets, all dressed as Vikings. Some played old instruments as more than a hundred Vikings took part in a great march through the city center. Stalls were busy selling Viking tools, costumes and mead, an old Viking wine 2 (make )from honey. According to the Archeology in Europe Educational Resources website, the Vikings conquered York in 3 late 1800s and ruled there for almost a century. This was part of the Viking Age, which lasted 4 800 to 1150. During this time, approximately 200,000 Vikings from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark left Scandinavia in boats to settle in 5 (vary)parts of the world, including England. 6 this period was far from peaceful. The Vikings were a warrior people who believed that being killed in battle would send them to Valhalla, the resting place for warriors. So their expansion took the form of brutal war, as well as exploration and trade. Their influence is still 7 (strong) remembered across Britain. Today, there is a great fascination in the UK with Viking history. Besides the Jorvik festival, people hold Viking weddings 8 the couple may tie their hands together, drink from animal horns and even jump over a sword to get blessings from the Viking gods. In these ceremonies, guests are encouraged to dress in Viking clothes. Some people even name their children after Viking legends! For instance, one of my 9 (nephew) is named Heimdall, after the watchman of the gods in Norse mythology. The Viking legacy continues to interest and inspire people in the UK, 10 (find) its way into different aspects of our culture. 【答案】 1. has been held 2. made 3. the 4.from 5. various 6. But 7. strongly 8. where 9. nephews 10. finding 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了作者去英国约克参加了欧洲最大的维京人节——约维克维京人节的经历以及维京人的历史。 1. 考查时态语态。句意：今年2月，我去英国约克参加了欧洲最大的维京人节——约维克维京人节，从1985年开始每年举办一次。根据since 1985可知，本句为现在完成时，主语Europe’s largest Viking festival与谓语hold为被动关系。故填has been held。 2. 考查非谓语。句意：摊位上忙着出售维京人的工具、服装和蜂蜜酒(一种由蜂蜜制成的古老维京酒)。an old Viking wine与make在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。 故填made。 3. 考查冠词。句意：根据欧洲考古教育资源网站，维京人在9世纪后期征服了约克，并统治了将近一个世纪。表示在“多少……年代/世纪”，用定冠词the。故填the。 4.考查。句意：这是维京时代的一部分，从800年持续到1150年。from …to为固定搭配。故填from。 5. 考查形容词。句意：在此期间，大约有20万来自挪威、瑞典和丹麦的维京人乘船离开斯堪的纳维亚半岛，在包括英国在内的世界各地定居。形容词various作定语修饰名词。故填various。 6. 考查连词。句意：但这一时期并不太平。根据句意可知，表示转折，用连词but，置于句首，首字母大写。故填But。 7. 考查副词。句意：他们对英国的影响至今仍历历在目。副词strongly修饰动词remembered，作状语。故填strongly。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：除了Jorvik节日，人们还会举行维京婚礼，新婚夫妇可能会把双手绑在一起，用动物的角喝水，甚至跳过一把剑来获得维京神的祝福。先行词为Viking weddings，作定语从句的地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 9. 考查名词。句意：例如，我的一个侄子名叫海姆达尔，以挪威神话中众神的守望者命名。one of 后接名词复数。故填nephews。 10. 考查非谓语。句意：维京人的遗产继续吸引和激励着英国人，并在我们文化的各个方面找到了自己的方式。空处为非谓语动词，The Viking legacy与find在逻辑上是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填finding。 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高一下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 专题-S314语法填空 人教版必修三 题型特训 UNIT 1：Festivals and Celebrations 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·全国·课后作业）语法填空 I attended the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region this year. The festival, 1 includes horse racing, wrestling and archery, falls on the 2 (four) day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar, usually 3 (last) for three days. I went to the games early with my friend  and found that many people 4 (make) preparations for the events. I was told that the festival had been popular with Mongolians for 5 (century). After the opening ceremony, the wrestling competition began, 6 (follow) by the archery and my favourite horse races. 7 my surprise, the riders were all children and I was concerned about their 8 (safe). My friend told me not 9 (worry) as they had been riding horses all their lives. Then I began to understand what “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture” meant. Having been back home, I felt really tired, 10 it was worthwhile to celebrate the festival with my friend. Passage 2 （23-24 高一下·云南昭通·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A lot of Americans like to take part in what is called small talk. They 1 (general) make conversations with strangers or the people 2 they are familiar with about relaxing topics, such as weather, sports, or popular television shows. While 3 (stand) at a bus stop, don’t be surprised if a stranger 4 (greet) you with something like, “Did you watch the Super Bowl last night? What a game!” They may also play 5 joke about the long line you’re both in. Of course, not all small talk is 6 (enjoy), so it’s okay if a stranger says something that makes you uncomfortable. 7 addition, Americans are known for speaking up what they want. Particularly in the workplace, you may be surprised 8 (find) that Americans are not afraid to voice their ideas. For example, while 9 (you) boss should be always treated with respect, you can just ask a question if you have one. There is certainly a 10 (different) between speaking up and being rude, but it’s all right to say something! Passage 3 （23-24高一下·江西宜春·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The International Workers’ Day, sometimes 1 (call) Labour Day or May Day, is not only a celebration of workers’ rights, but also a 2 (season) celebration in many countries. The holiday is a celebration of laborers in about 90 countries. This holiday 3 (observe) since 1920 to show people’s awareness of protecting the working class 4 exploitation (剥削). In China, people don’t need to go to work from May 1st until May 3rd, many of 5 take this opportunity to meet up friends 6 go for short trips, with no specific public events during the holiday. A recent report was issued by the China Tourism Academy, 7 (say) that the number of domestic tourist trips will reach about 4.55 billion, 8 increase of 73 percent year on year. “China’s tourism market has embarked on a track of 9 (recover) this year. And we will see a continuous ‘travel frenzy’ during the May Day holiday. This is because people are looking forward to the holiday to enjoy 10 (they),” said Li Huigin, a tourism expert with the China University of Geosciences. Passage 4 （23-24高一下·湖南邵阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lion dance is a form of 1 (tradition) dance in China, 2 can be often seen in important festivals and great events. China is home to the Dragon Dance and Lion Dance.The two 3 (performance) have been welcomed by people from various ethnic groups for generations. 4 is said that the lion dance in China originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties with 5 history of more than one thousand years.The lions stand for joy and 6 (happy).Therefore,during festivals and grand ceremonies,people would perform lion dance 7 (create) a happy and exciting atmosphere.Many young people know that the dragon dance and the lion dance 8 (perform) during festivals such as Spring Festival and celebrations.But they don’t know that after several thousand years the two activities have accumulated thick historical cultures and are 9 (extreme) valuable cultural heritages 10 (pass) down from Chinese people’s ancestors. Passage 5 （23-24高一下·福建宁德·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ireland’s beautiful countryside has greatly affected its people and 1 (tradition). The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside is exciting and 2 (inspire) because it offers something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and 3 (it) many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills 4 (dot) with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up of the music of the coast. 5 is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions 6 include music, dancing, and dining. 7 (have) a chance of experiencing this, stop by a village pub and relax 8 a glass of wine or a local beer. 9 (good) yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you 10 (be) lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and dancing. 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （23-24高一下·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The International Workers’ Day, sometimes 1 (call) Labour Day or May Day, is not only a celebration of workers’ rghts, but also a 2 (season) celebration in many countries. The holiday is a celebration of labourers in about 90 countries. People 3 (celebrate) this holiday since 1920 to show their 4 (aware) of protecting the working class 5 exploitation (剥削). In China, people don’t need to go to work from May 1st until May 3rd, many of 6 take this opportunity to meet up friends 7 go for short trips, with no specific public events during the holiday. A recent report 8 (issue) by the China Tourism Academy, saying that the number of domestic (国内的) tourist trips will reach about 4.55 billion, 9 increase of 73 percent year on year. “China’s tourism market has embarked on a track of 10 (recover) this year. And we will see a continuous’ travel frenzy (狂热) ‘during the May Day holiday,” said Li Huigin, a tourism expert with the China University of Geosciences. Passage 7 （23-24高一下·辽宁沈阳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Olive Tree Day takes place on 26 November every year. It 1 (establish) officially at the 40th session of the UNESCO General Conference in 2019. The olive tree, especially the olive branch, holds an important place 2 people’s mind. Since ancient times, it has symbolized peace, 3 (wise) and harmony. It is important not just to the countries 4 these noble trees grow but also to people and communities worldwide. Protecting and growing the olive tree is 5 increasingly urgent thing as the world fights against climate change. The conservation of cultural and natural heritage (遗产) is one of UNESCO’s 6 (center) goals, and marking World Olive Tree Day strengthens the efforts to achieve 7 . World Olive Tree Day is set up 8 (encourage) the protection of the olive tree and stress the values it symbolizes, 9 (inspire) people to appreciate its important social, cultural, economic and environmental significance to humans. There is much to learn, share and celebrate on World Olive Tree Day, and UNESCO encourages everyone to participate in activities such as debates, conferences, cultural events and exhibitions 10 (organize) worldwide. Passage 8 （23-24高一下·海南海口·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people cherish the magic of Father Christmas. That is the reason 1 Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas 2 a special time of year. The man who wrote these letters is one of the 3 (famous) names in English literature—J. R. R. Tolkien. With his limitless 4 (image), he created new worlds for his readers to explore. Every Christmas, an envelope with a North Pole stamp 5 (address) to Tolkien’s children. Each letter took Tolkien a long time 6 (complete). A regular character in the letters was Polar Bear, 7 once climbed the North Pole and fell through the roof of Father Christmas’s house. 8 (interest), the letters did not contain the usual warnings to children that they might not receive their presents if they were not good. The book told us that as well as 9 (enjoy) the adventures of Father Christmas, Polar Bear and other 10 (character) at the North Pole, we can all share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time. By expressing love for his children in such a special way, Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas. Passage 9 （23-24高一下·广东茂名·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式，并将本题的答案写在答题卡上 Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of 1 (origin), such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has 2 (it) different customs and unique charms. However, no matter 3 differen they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of 4 (share) joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. Of all the 5 (tradition) festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate 6 ( show) that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival 7 (celebrate) during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast 8 music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over 9 meal. During the Mid — Autumn Festival in China, families gather 10 (happy) to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Passage 10 （23-24高一下·全国·随堂练习）语法填空 Every culture in the world celebrates festivals. Festivals around the world not only have 1 wide range of origins but also have different customs. The harvest festival, 2 takes place after all the crops have been gathered in, can be found in almost every culture. People celebrate it 3 (show) their gratitude to the year’s supply of food. But the 4 (celebrate) vary from country to country. In ancient Egypt, it 5 (feature) a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports during springtime. During the Mid－Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the 6 (shine) moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Customs change with the 7 (develop) of modern society. In China, many big cities 8 (give) up the custom of lighting firecrackers in order to avoid air pollution. Nowadays, businesses take advantage of the celebrations and make festivals commercial. Although some are 9 it, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. Festivals reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes towards life. If you study festivals 10 (careful), you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 三、 高阶提升 高一下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Passage 11 （22-23高一下·山东威海·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Wetlands Day, celebrated annually on February 2nd, aims to raise global awareness about the important role of wetlands for people and our planet. World Wetlands Day 1 (adopt) by the United Nations in 2021. It makes efforts 2 (realize) the long Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and deal with global issues related to climate and biodiversity (生物多样性) challenges. Now with seven years left for the SDGs, the UN is calling again to restore wetlands. This year’s theme is “Time for Wetland Restoration,” 3 brings to attention the rapid loss of wetland systems worldwide. In just 50 years, 35% of the world’s wetlands 4 (lose) since 1970. Wetlands are disappearing three times 5 (fast) than forests and are Earth’s most 6 (threaten) ecosystem. Human activities that lead to loss of wetlands include construction, pollution, overfishing and so on. It is 7 opportunity for us to rethink and change how humans impact the environment. While wetlands cover just 6% of the earth’s surface, they are home 8 about 40% of the world’s plant and animal species. Wetlands provide people with food and water, offering natural protection and 9 (serve) many other important functions. Huge changes are needed to solve the climate and biodiversity crisis, yet there are small things we can all do to keep our wetlands and our wildlife 10 (health). Passage 12 （23-24高一下·福建福州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Day of the Dead, or Dia de los Muertos, is an 1 (energy) and colorful celebration of life and death and an important part of Mexican culture. The holiday’s roots go back thousands of years to the indigenous people, who believed death is a natural part of the cycle of life. They celebrated the occasion for a month with burial ceremonies and shrines. When the Spanish 2 (conquer) the regions in the 16th century, they introduced All Saints’ Day and All Soul’s Day to honor 3 dead. Over time, the two cultures mixed, 4 (give) rise to the Day of the Dead as it is known today. The most familiar 5 (symbol) of the holiday are the skeletons and skulls. They appear on everything. The 6 (bright) colored smiling skulls serve as a reminder that the holiday is a celebration of the lives of those who are no longer with us. It is a joyful, not a sad event. The festivities begin at midnight on November 1st. It is believed that this is 7 the border between the living world and the spirit world disappears. This allows late loved ones 8 (cross) over and join their families. Families visit the graves of their ancestors, cleaning and decorating them 9 flowers and candles. The celebrations also include parades, music, dancing, 10 feasting. Passage 13 （23-24高一下·广东广州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Earth Day was founded in 1970 as a day of education about environmental problems, and Earth Day 2020 1 (fall) on Wednesday, April 22 — the holiday’s 50th anniversary. The holiday is now a global celebration that’s sometimes extended into Earth Week, a full seven days of events focused on green living. 2 (elect) to the U. S. Senate (参议院) in 1962, Senator Gaylord Nelson was determined to convince the federal government that the planet was 3 risk. In 1969, Nelson developed the idea for Earth Day after 4 (inspire) by some teaching activities 5 were taking place on college campuses around the United States. Denis Hayes, a young activist who had served as student president at Stanford University, 6 (select) as Earth Day’s national coordinator (协调者), and he worked with 7 army of student volunteers and several staff members from Nelson’s Senate office 8 (organize) the project. The first Earth Day was effective at raising 9 (aware) about environmental problems and transforming public attitudes. Earth Day kicked off the “Environmental decade with a bang,” as Senator Nelson later put it. The theme of Earth Day 2020 is “climate action.” EarthDay.org hopes it will be the 10 (large) volunteer event in history. Passage 14 （23-24高一下·福建福州·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The first Buy Nothing Day 1 (celebrate) in September 1992. In1997, it was changed to the Friday following Thanksgiving in November. Soon after, it gained 2 support of Adbusters, a Canadian media company questioning the 3 (important) that cultures give to advertising and shopping. When the group tried to place commercials (广告) on television, the only major TV network 4 accepted them was CNN. Despite these attempts to silence the movement, it spread to the US, Germany, Japan, and several other countries worldwide. Buy Nothing Day challenges people to avoid 5 (buy) anything for 24 hours. Supporters hope that during this time, people will reflect on the need to “have things”, which is pushed by large companies. By getting people to focus on what they do have, they can become more sympathetic (有同情心的) towards the poor 6 people who have less than they do. Another activity 7 (call) the zombie walk is to show the way most people shop. In this walk, participants walk around shopping malls like zombies. If 8 (ask) what’s happening, they will educate them about Buy Nothing Day. Whirl-Mart is another funny method of drawing attention to the purpose of Buy Nothing Day. People will take empty shopping carts and form a line inside a supermarket. Then, they will race through the aisles (通道) 9 putting anything in their empty carts. Other supporters celebrate the event by 10 (simple) doing other free activities such as hiking, bicycling, or taking a boat ride. No matter how one participates, Buy Nothing Day presents us with an opportunity to remember that the best things in life are free. Passage 15 （23-24高一下·重庆·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In February, I traveled to York in the UK to participate in the Jorvik Viking Festival, Europe’s largest Viking festival, which 1 (hold) annually since 1985. In the city center were hundreds of people with swords, axes and helmets, all dressed as Vikings. Some played old instruments as more than a hundred Vikings took part in a great march through the city center. Stalls were busy selling Viking tools, costumes and mead, an old Viking wine 2 (make )from honey. According to the Archeology in Europe Educational Resources website, the Vikings conquered York in 3 late 1800s and ruled there for almost a century. This was part of the Viking Age, which lasted 4 800 to 1150. During this time, approximately 200,000 Vikings from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark left Scandinavia in boats to settle in 5 (vary)parts of the world, including England. 6 this period was far from peaceful. The Vikings were a warrior people who believed that being killed in battle would send them to Valhalla, the resting place for warriors. So their expansion took the form of brutal war, as well as exploration and trade. Their influence is still 7 (strong) remembered across Britain. Today, there is a great fascination in the UK with Viking history. Besides the Jorvik festival, people hold Viking weddings 8 the couple may tie their hands together, drink from animal horns and even jump over a sword to get blessings from the Viking gods. In these ceremonies, guests are encouraged to dress in Viking clothes. Some people even name their children after Viking legends! For instance, one of my 9 (nephew) is named Heimdall, after the watchman of the gods in Norse mythology. The Viking legacy continues to interest and inspire people in the UK, 10 (find) its way into different aspects of our culture. 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$