Unit12 Section A Grammar focus-4c 课件 2024-2025学年人教版九年级英语全册

null Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. Section A (Grammar focus-4c) 教-学-评一致性语法课示范课 人教新目标版 九年级(下册) 1.通过观看视频图片，能够根据语境用过去完成时或其它时态完成句子，能够正确地排列视频里出现的句子，能够说出在同一个句子中过去完成时和一般过去时动作发生的前后，能够根据时间线完成句子。 2. 通过阅读翻译Grammar focus 中的句子，正确完成句子，能够说出过去完成时的概念，用法，结构以及标志词(参照物)。能够说出过去完成时动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。 Learning Objectives 3.通过观看视频，能够写出汉语过去完成时的句子。通过控制性练习(4a)和自由练习(4b，4c)，能够正确使用过去完成时完成短文，能够积极创设情境来用过去完成时完成句子，在使用中学习语法。 Look and say Activity 1 Lead to objective 1 test it 评价标准：根据时间线和句子提示用过去完成时造句子，正确写出1个句子得2分，共4分。本活动共4分。 我得（ ）分。 You were late for school this morning. What happened? I stayed up watching the football match last night, so I overslept this morning. You shouldn’t stay up so late at night. I rushed to the bus stop without breakfast.But unluckily, by the time I got there, the bus ___ already ____(leave). By I got to the school, the class _________(be) on 15 minutes. had left had been My parents _________(go) Beijing to attend a meeting. Nobody woke me up today. had gone to Past Perfect Tense You should set an alarm clock . Look and say Activity 2 Lead to objective 1 On November 12, 2024, Li Ziqi returned unexpectedly after she stopped posting videos for more than three years. It captured widespread attention from home and abroad. expect v. 期望；预计 expected adj. 预料的；预期的 unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；意外的 unexpectedly adj. 出乎意料地；意外地 Look and say Activity 2 Lead to objective 1 test it 评价标准：观看视频完成句子填空，正确写出1个句子得2分，共2分。加上下1页，本活动共6分。 我得（ ）分。 Let's enjoy a video about Li Ziqi and fill in the blanks. Before Li Ziqi returned to hometown to look after her grandmother, she ___________ (work) in the big city. had worked Look and say Activity 2 Lead to objective 1 test it 评价标准：观看视频完成句子填空，正确写出1个句子得2分，共4分。加上上1页，本活动共6分。 我得（ ）分。 When Li Ziqi stopped updating in 2021, she __________ (gain) plenty of fans on the Internet. had gained By the time Li Ziqi returned on November 12, 2024, she _____________ (learn) some new intangible culture heritage skills. had learned Watch and order Activity 3 Lead to objective 1 test it 评价标准：观看视频排列句子顺序，正确排列出1个句子得1分，共5分。本活动共5分。 我得（ ）分。 Let's enjoy a video and then put their activities in the right order. Daddy Pig got rid of(摆脱掉) the bee. The family ate food. Peppa fed the ducks. Daddy Pig slept. Mummy Pig put the dishes away. ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ ❺ Look and fill Activity 4 Lead to objective 1 test it 评价标准：根据图片和上下文语境完成造句子，正确写出1个空格得1分，共8分。本活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。 Let’s explore and fill. Daddy Pig ________(eat)delicious food before he _____(sleep). By the time Peppa ____ the ducks, Daddy Pig ________(sleep). Daddy Pig _________rid of the bee before Mommy Pig _________the dishes. Pepper _______ the ducks before Daddy _____(get) rid of the bee. The activity happened earlier. When do you use “had done”? Daddy Pig slept. Daddy Pig got rid of(摆脱掉) the bee. Mummy Pig put the dishes away. now had eaten slept fed had slept had gotten put away had fed got the past perfect tense Look and say Activity 5 Lead to objective 1 test it 评价标准：根据图片和上下文语境完成造句子，正确写出1个空格得1分，共8分。本活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。 We have learned about Mary's terrible morning. Do you remember what happened to her? By the time she got up, her brother ____ already ____ (get) in the shower. had gotten By the time she got outside, the bus ___ already ____ (leave). had left When she got to school, she realized that she _______(leave) her backpack at home. had left 9 By the time she walked into class, the teacher ________ (start) teaching already. had started What happened earlier? Adverbial Clause of time 时间状语从句 Look and fill Activity 6 Lead to objective 1 test it 评价标准：根据时间线和句子提示完成句子填空，正确写出1个空格得1分，共4分。本活动共4分。 我得（ ）分。 Have you ever been late for school? The bell rang. 8:00 A.M She got to school. 8:15 A.M present By the time _______________, the bell _________. she got to school had rung 8:22 A.M. 8:20 A.M present The teacher started teaching already. She got into the classroom. When she___________________, the teacher __________________ already. got into the classroom had started teaching Read and fill Activity 7 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据GF和汉语完成句子填空，正确填出1个句子得2分，共10分。本活动共10分。 我得（ ）分。 Grammar Focus Read the sentences in Grammar Focus and translate them. When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus. 1)当我到达学校的时候，我才意识到我把书包忘在家里了。 ______I got to school, I realized that I __________ my backpack at home. 2)到我返回学校的时候，铃声已经响过了。 ___________ I got back to school, the bell _____________. 3)我到达公共汽车站之前， 汽车已经离开了。 Before I __________ the bus stop, the bus ___________________. 4)我正要上办公室，但我决定先去喝杯咖啡。 I ______ ______ ___ go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. 5)就在我和别的工作人员一起排队等候的时候，听到了一个巨大的声响。As I __________________ with the other office workers, I ________________. When had left By the time had rung got to had already left was about to was waiting in line heard a loud sound Read and say Activity 8 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：读GF里的句子回答问题或完成句子填空，正确回答1个问题或填出1个空格得1分，共4分。本活动共4分。 我得（ ）分。 When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. 1.What tense is the predicate verb in the box?方框里的谓语动词是什么时态? Read the sentences in Grammar Focus and answer the questions. Past Perfect Tense (过去完成时态） 2.What is its basic structure?它的基本结构是什么? had+过去分词 3.What is its usage? 过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“____________”。 过去的过去 过去完成时常与________________________等引导的时间状语连用。 when, before, by the time Look and say Activity 9 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据时间线和句子提示用过去完成时填写句子，正确写出1个句子得2分，共4分。本活动共4分。 我得（ ）分。 Do you know the usages of the tense-the past perfect tense? now The bell rang. 8:00 AM 8:15 AM By the time _______________, the bell _________. had rung Mary got to school. 参照点 过去完成时以一个过去的时间点为参照， 表示该动作发生在“过去的过去”。 now The bus left. 5:20 PM 5:21 AM Before ________________________, _____________________. She arrived at the bus stop. 参照点 the bus had already left Look and learn Activity 10 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据所学语法完成句子填空，正确写出1个空格得2分，共3分。本活动共3分。 我得（ ）分。 过去完成时的用法 (一)概念：过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，也可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某一时刻，常与for 、since 构成的时间状语连用，它表示发生的时间是“____________”。 过去的过去 过去的过去 过去某时 现在 将来 过去完成时 When I woke up，it ___________ raining. 我醒来时，雨已经停了。 By the end of last year, she ____________ in the factory for twenty years. 到去年年底，她已经在这家工厂工作20年了。 had stopped had worked Look and learn Activity 11 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据汉语完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共3分。加上下3页，本活动共12分。 我得（ ）分。 (二) 过去完成时的判断依据 过去完成时的用法 1. 由时间状语(短语)来判定 ① by+过去的时间点 例：到昨天9点钟时，她已经读完了这本书。 She ____________ reading the book by 9 o’clock yesterday. ② by the end of+过去的时间点 例：到上个月月底，我们已经完成了所有工作。 We _____________(complete) all the work by the end of last month. ③ before+过去的时间点 例：在昨天晚上8点之前，电影已经开始了。 The movie __________ before 8 o'clock last night. had finished had completed had started Look and learn Activity 11 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据汉语完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共3分。加上上1页下2页，本活动共12分。 我得（ ）分。 (二) 过去完成时的判断依据 过去完成时的用法 2. 由“过去的过去”判定 (1) 宾语从句中: 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 如： She said that she ________ the film before. 她说她以前看过这电影。 看电影是在她说之前做的。 had seen (2) 在条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。 如：因为我叔叔来看我，所以我一直没有睡。 I remained up because my uncle ________ to see me. 叔叔来看我这个动作发生在没有睡之前。 注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧接着发生，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如： After he closed the door, he _____(leave) the classroom. 他关上门，离开了教室。 left had come Look and learn Activity 11 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据汉语完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共3分。加上上2页下1页，本活动共12分。 我得（ ）分。 (二) 过去完成时的判断依据 过去完成时的用法 (3) 常见(用)的参照物---时间状语从句 2. 由“过去的过去”判定 在杰克到达之前，玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。 ◆ Before Jack arrived, Mary ________ away for almost an hour. 你回来时我已经把这本书看完了。 ◆ By the time you came back, I ___________ this book.. 在我到达飞机场时，飞机已经起飞了。 ◆ When I reach the airport, the plane ____________. had taken off had finished had been 由when, by the time, before等引导时间状语从句时，若描述发生在过去的事，主句常用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)表示动作发生在过去的过去。 Look and learn Activity 11 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据汉语完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共3分。加上上3页，本活动共12分。 我得（ ）分。 (二) 过去完成时的判断依据 过去完成时的用法 2. 由“过去的过去”判定 (4) 根据上下文判断 例：我去了李红家，但是他出去了。 I went to Li Hong's house, but he ________ out. had gone (5) 表示意向的动词，如hope，wish，expect. think，intend，mean，suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本……，但未能……”。 我们曾希望你能来，但你没有。 We _________ that you would come, but you didn’t. had hoped 3. 用在固定句型It was the third time that I …中 例：这是我去年第三次迟到了。 It was the third time that I ________ late last year. had been Look and learn Activity 12 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据汉语和语法内容完成句子填空，正确写出1个句子得2分，共4分。加上下1页，本活动共6分。 我得（ ）分。 Do you know the differences among the following tenses? 一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时之间区别 1.一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。 5 years ago now 例：We ____________ to learn English 5 years ago. 我们五年前开始学英语。 started/began 2. 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。其结构为：“助动词 have（has）+过去分词” 。例：We ___________ English for 5 years. have learned 5 years ago have learned now Look and learn Activity 12 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据汉语和语法内容完成句子填空，正确写出1个句子得2分，共2分。加上上1页，本活动共6分。 我得（ ）分。 Do you know the differences among the following tenses? 一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时之间区别 3. 过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去（ past-in-the-past ）”。 例：We ___________ English for 4 years by last year. 到去年为止，我们已经学英语四年了。　　　　　 had learned by last year now began to learn e.g. We have learned 1,000 English words so far. We had learned 1,000 English words by then. Look and learn Activity 12 Lead to objective 2 一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时之间用法区别 时态 概念 常见的时间状语 例句 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时 在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 过去发生或已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响 在过去某个时间或动作之前就已发生的动作，即表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去” yesterday, last week, ago, just now等 just, never, ever, so far, already, since, for等 by the time+从句；by the end of last+时间段； before+过去时间状语等 The film started ten minutes ago. The film has already started. By the time they arrived at the cinema, the film had started. Watch and learn Lead to objective 2 Look and learn Activity 13 Lead to objective 2 test it 评价标准：根据语法内容和汉语完成句子，正确写出1个空格得2分，共4分。本活动共4分。 我得（ ）分。 Do you know the usage of “be about to”? When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. be about to do sth.的用法 1)表示即将发生的动作，在时间上指最近的将来。如: We ___________start. 我们就要出发了。 The new school year _________ begin.新学年开学在即。 2)在含有 be about to do 的句子中，不能再加时间状语。如: Wrong: The medical team is about to start immediately Right: The medical team is about to start.医疗队就要出发了。 are about to is about to Look and say Activity 14 Lead to objective 3 test it 评价标准：观看视频，尽可能写下含有过去完成时的句子，正确写出1个句子得2分，共2分。加上下1页，本活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。 Let's enjoy a video about Jake’s dating story with Ann. While watching, write down the past perfect tense structure as many as possible. When he got to the restaurant, he realized he had put his shirt on inside out.(穿反了） So, he went to the bathroom to fix it. Look and say Activity 14 Lead to objective 3 test it 评价标准：观看视频，尽可能写下含有过去完成时的句子，正确写出1个句子得2分，共6分。加上上1页，本活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。 When he came back, a waiter had given his table to someone else. When everything was settled(解决好), his girlfriend didn’t show up(出现). By the time Ann called him, he had sat at the table for about 15 minutes. It turned out that Ann went to the wrong restaurant. Actually, they had been there the whole time as he was talking to Ann. After having dinner, he found something in his teeth. Look and write Activity 15 Lead to objective 3 test it 评价标准：用by the time或者before连接2个句子，正确写出1个句子得1分，共5分。本活动共5分。 我得（ ）分。 4a Make sentences using by the time or before. Before I put cream in the coffee, the coffee had become cold. By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework. I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended. The movie had started before I arrived at the cinema. By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the apple pie. Look and write Activity 16 Lead to objective 3 test it 评价标准：根据语境选择词汇完成句子，注意使用正确地时态，正确写出1个句子得1分，共6分。本活动共6分。 我得（ ）分。 4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. shown up had had forgotten n.豆 n.市场 had had found out arrived at had gone into rushed out Look and write Activity 17 Lead to objective 3 test it 评价标准：根据上句写出下句，正确写出1个句子得1分，共3分，写出2个正确的句子1个错误错误的句子让同学屈才。本活动共3分。 我得（ ）分。 4c Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement. I had already had breakfast. I had finished my homework. had had too much fruit. 动身去 Language points 1、By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else had already shown up. 我到达聚会时，其他所有人都已经赶到了。(P92) 【用法详解】重点：show up意为“出现；露面”，是不及物动词短语，后面不跟宾语，相当于appear。 He didn’t show up at the party last night. 他没有出席昨晚的宴会。 【拓展延伸】show的其他常见短语： show off 炫耀 show sb. around 带某人参观 show sb. sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 2、By the end of the school day...在一天的学校生活结束时……(P92) 【用法详解】by the end of意为“在（某时间点）以前”，含有“不迟于”的意思。通常情况下，根据by the end of后接时间的不同，句子选用相应的时态： Language points （1）接表示将来的时间，句子常用一般将来时 ►By the end of next month, I will go to Shanghai to attend a meeting. 到下个月末，我将去上海参加一场会议。 （2）接表示现在的时间，句子常用现在完成时 ►By the end of this term, we have learned 6 English songs. 到这学期末，我们已经学了6首英文歌曲了。 （3）接表示过去的时间，句子常用过去完成时 ►By the end of last month, I had read 3 books. 到上个月末，我已经读了3本书了。 【拓展延伸】其他与end相关的短语有： at the end of 在……尽头；在……末尾 可接表示时间或地点的词或短语 in the end 最后；终于 相当于at last或finally，其后不能接of Class test 评价标准：根据汉语和所给单词完成句子，正确完成1个空格得1分，共6分。本活动共6分。 我得（ ）分。 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.他说他以前见过你。 He said that he ________ (see) you before. had seen 2. 当我进来时，他已做完了作业。 When I came in, he ____________(finish) his homework. had finished 3. The children ran away after they __________ (break) the window. 4. I went to Tom’s house but he _________ (go) out. had gone had broken 5. My friend ________ (buy) the car two years ago. He __________ (have) it for two years. bought has had Class test 评价标准：根据汉语翻译句子，正确翻译1个句子得2分，共8分。本活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。 二、翻译下列句子。 1. 当他到达学校的时候，老师已经开始 上课了。 _______________________________________________________ 2. 当我出来的时候，我爸爸已经离开家了。 _________________________________ 3. 在我拿书包以前我把门锁上了。 _________________________________ 4. 在她做完作业之前我妈妈已经回来了。 ________________________________ By the time he got to school, the teacher had already started teaching. When I got outside, my father had left home. Before I got my schoolbag, I had locked the door. Before she finished her homework, my mother had already been back. self-evaluation 本节课共116分 ，我共得（ ）分。 我的评价等级（在等级括号内打钩）： 获得至少100分 ，优秀（ ）； 获得至少90分 ，良好（ ）； 获得至少80分 ，合格（ ）。 【学后反思】 一、完成自我评价表： 1.本节课我共新学单词和短语有___________个，能完全记住并会初步使用的有：___________________________________________________; 还不能记住和使用的有：______________________________________________________________________________　　 2.对我有帮助的学习方法有（请在括号里打钩）： (  )(1)能够根据句子自己总结出过去完成时的用法。       (  )(2)能够积极参与课堂，学会了知识的总结和归纳。 (  )(3)通过观看时间线，能够说出动作在前的用过去完成时。 ( )(4)能够说出过去完成时的用法，谓语构成以及参照物。 Homework 1. Review the new words and expressions. 2. Recall the unexpected in your daily life and try to tell them to your friends in English. 3. Preview the new words and expressions. $$nullnullnull