2025届高考英语一轮复习 现在完成时 课件

现在完成时 一轮高考英语 现在完成时 (have/has + v-ed) 1) 表示说话时已经完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在仍有影响; 2) 表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。 被动语态 助动词be +及物动词的过去分词 be随主语的人称、数和时态的变化而变化。 当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动语态。 Verb form Active Passive have / has + been + v-ed have /has + v-ed 现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时被动语态的结构 主动 被动 现在完成时被动语态的意义 表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在产生的影响。动词和主语构成被动关系。 肯定式：have/has + been + v-ed 否定式：have/has + not + been + v-ed 一般疑问句：Have/Has +主语+ been +v-ed? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+have/has +been+ v-ed? 现在完成时的被动语态 1.并不是所有动词都有被动语态。 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last 等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 2. 动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。 e.g. The orphans have been taken good care of here． 【考点提示】 3. 现在完成时与一般过去时被动语态的区别 一般过去时被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响； 现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。 【考点提示】 The machine has been repaired． 机器已经修好了。(动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响，说明机器修好了，可以使用了。) The machine was repaired yesterday． 机器昨天修了。(强调机器是昨天修好的。) 【考点提示】 Rewrite the underlined parts using the present perfect passive. Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. It has already affected many things in our lives, right down to the food we eat. For instance, some restaurants in London have served 3D-printed hamburgers to customers. But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine. They have made human body parts, including a beating heart, with 3D printing technology. And it is not just humans who are benefiting — in Brazil, people have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire! Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. It has already affected many things in our lives, right down to the food we eat. For instance, some restaurants in London have served 3D-printed hamburgers to customers. But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine. They have made human body parts, including a beating heart, with 3D printing technology. And it is not just humans who are benefiting — in Brazil, people have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire! Many things in our lives have already been affected, 3D-printed hamburgers have been served to customers in some restaurants in London. But perhaps the most significant success that has been achieved to date is in medicine. Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. It has already affected many things in our lives, right down to the food we eat. For instance, some restaurants in London have served 3D-printed hamburgers to customers. But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine. They have made human body parts, including a beating heart, with 3D printing technology. And it is not just humans who are benefiting — in Brazil, people have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire! Within the next 80 years, our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing. It has already affected many things in our lives, right down to the food we eat. For instance, some restaurants in London have served 3D-printed hamburgers to customers. But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine. They have made human body parts, including a beating heart, with 3D printing technology. And it is not just humans who are benefiting — in Brazil, people have given a new 3D-printed shell to a turtle injured in a forest fire! Human body parts, including a beating heart, have been made with 3D printing technology. A new 3D-printed shell has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire! Imagine you are Dr Moore. Look at the pictures and tell the police about the damage and loss to your lab. Use the present perfect passive where appropriate. Activity 1 Describe the paictures with Present perfect tense. Most students have read the book by now. He has finished his homework. 表示说话时已经完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在还有影响 Activity 1 Describe the paictures with Present perfect tense. She has taught in our school for 22 years. 表示动作发生在过去，但一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去 使用现在完成时的注意事项 时间状语 during/ over/ in the last/ past+时间段, ...等时间状语 since+时间点, already, recently, lately, so far, up to now, until now for＋时间段, ever since these days (years, months, weeks) 1. After several years of observation, the research group _______________(arrive) at the conclusion that language acquisition is faster when students are exposed to the situation where it is spoken. 2. Great changes _____________(take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories have been set up. has arrived have taken Q:上面的句子没有时间状语，为什么要用现在完成时？ A: 根据语境；表示“到目前为止，已经……” 1. It is the first time that the local education authority _____________ (make) such strict requirements on going-to-school time for primary and middle school students. 2. It ______________(be) ten years since we met last time. 3. We ______________(be) to Beijing four times, so this time we won’t choose Beijing as a destination. has made is/has been have been Q:上面的句子没有时间状语，为什么要用现在完成时？ A: 固定句型 It is + 序数词+ time that sb have/has done sth. It is /has been...时间 since sb did sth. sb. have/has done sth+次数 Describe the paictures with Present perfect tense. The book has been read by most students by now. Most students have read the book by now. 现在完成时的被动语态 现在完成时 现在完成时 谓语结构 主动 被动 have/has done have/has been done (1)The door has been locked. (2)These flowers have been watered, and you can go home. (3)Our classroom has been cleaned, so you needn't clean it now. 主语与谓语动词是被动关系 Practice 1. More than 50,000 yuan (raise) for the poor family since the group was founded. 2. The famous musician, as well as his students, ________(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony last night. 3. In the last five years, Cao ___________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents. has been raised was invited has walked Practice 3. This is the first time that a woman_____________(appoint) to the post. 5. There ____________(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. has been has been appointed Activity 3 Read and rewrite. Many things in our lives have already been affected, 3D-printed hamburgers have been served to customers in some restaurants in London. But perhaps the most significant success that has been achieved to date is in medicine. Human body parts, including a beating heart, have been made with 3D printing technology. A new 3D-printed shell has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire! 现在完成时练习一 1、During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs _____________(increase) sharply. 2、After several years of observation, the research group____ ______ (arrive) at the conclusion that language acquisition is faster when students are exposed to the situation where it is spoken. 3、Simon_____________(attend) his father for such a long time that he understands almost every gesture of his father’s. 4、It is the first time that the local education authority ________ (make) such strict requirements on going-to-school time for primary and middle school students. 5、Over the last few years, the number of students participating in volunteer programs ______________ (increase) sharply in our school. has increased has arrived has attended has made has increased 6、Researchers believe that since 2010 an average of nearly 35,000 elephants _____________ (kill) annually on the continent. 7、With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _______________ (discover) in the past years. 8、In the past few centuries，the lighthouses along North Carolina’s coast __________________ (recognize) as signs of safety for travelers at sea. 9、I complained to the manager of the hotel about the poor service last week, but up to now，I _______ _____ (receive) his reply. have been killed have been discovered have been recognized haven't received 10、Large quantities of water, as well as some other timely help including a medical team_______________(offer) since the serious drought hit Yunnan Province. 11、More than one worker _________________（send）to the training center to improve their working skills in the past three years. 12、Since 2011, the country ___________(grow) more corn than rice. 13、 Regularly eating out seems to _____________ (become) common for many young people in recent years. has been sent has grown have become have been offered Activity 4 Imagine you are Dr Moore. Look at the pictures and tell the police about the damage and loss to your lab. Use the present perfect passive where appropriate. The window has been broken. The lock on the door has been broken. My two laptops have been stolen. Beakers and test tubes have been destroyed. The robot has been damaged. 1. 将下面句子中的主动语态变为被动语态。 1) Nobody has heard of Susan since she moved .   ________________________________________. 2) We haven't given them anything to eat.    _________________________________________3) We have already discussed this question.    _________________________________________ Susan hasn't been heard of since she moved. This question has already been discussed. They haven't been given anything to eat. 1) The same mistake _______________ (make) many times. 2) More than 100 famous films ________________ (show) in the city since July. 2.用括号内动词的正确形式填空。 has been made   have been shown 3) For his tenth birthday, Carl wanted a bicycle but ________ (give) a guitar by his parents. 4) Although it _______________ (play) many times, he still loves it.  5) Three new schools _______________ (open) in our city in the past 5 years. has been played have been opened was given $$