精品解析：湖北省部分市州2024-2025学年高二上学期期末质量监测英语试题

湖北省部分市州2024年秋季高二年级期末质量监测 英语 本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4．考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A.£ 19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1.What did the speakers plan to do this evening? A.Stay at home. B.Go to the movies. C.See a performance. 2.What does the woman mean? A.The room needs cleaning. B.The man should wear thick clothes. C.She wants to keep the window open. 3.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.In the flower shop. B.In the garden. C.In the supermarket. 4.Who is the woman probably talking to? A.A salesman. B.A policeman. C.A repairman. 5.What are the speakers mainly discussing? A.A gift. B.An exam. C.The man's parents. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Why does the oven fail to work? AIt's too old to use. B.It wasn't used properly. C.There is a power cut. 7.What will the man do next? A.Get his phone. B.Get changed. C.Cook lunch. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.How long did the woman travel in Japan in April? A.Two days. B.Three days. C.Fifteen days. 9.Why did the woman go to Britain last week? A.To visit a friend. B.To attend a wedding. C.To finish a project. 10.Where are probably the speakers? A.In the restaurant. B.In the tea house. C.In the man's house. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.What does the woman want the man to do? A.Renat his house to her. B.Help her move house. C.Look for a new place for her. 12.Why is the woman dissatisfied with the apartment she lives in? A.The rent is high. B.It's far away from her college. C.The traffic nearby is terrible. 13.How does the woman sound in the end? A.Grateful. B.Regretful. C.Worried. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.What is the boy probably doing at first? A.Watching TV. B.Visiting a zoo. C.Doing his homework. 15.When is the boy likely to finish his homework? A.By next Thursday. B.By next Friday. C.By next Saturday. 16.What is the boy's attitude towards the woman's plan for tomorrow? A.Annoyed. B.Casual. C.Favorable. 17.What is the boy going to do next? A.Ring his classmate. B.Meet his friend. C.Eat a banana. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18.When will the whole city be finished? A.By 2027. B.By 2025. C.By 2024. 19What is the purpose of the project? A.To expand the land area of the Maldives. B.To develop the economy of the Maldives. C.To solve a problem caused by sea level rise. 20.What kind of family did Koen Olthuis'mother come from? A.A family of shipbuilders. B.A family of architects. C.A family of engineers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NEW DISCOVERIES Lasting marks of stress For humans, scientists once made a “cumulative adversity index (累积逆境指数)”, which describes the amount of adversity a person experiences as a child. Now, scientists have made a similar one to study the influence of early-life stress on marmots (土拨鼠) living in Colorado, US, reported Live Science. The marmots index brings together ecological, parental and social challenges. The index will help people improve the survival chances of endangered animals in the wild. Life source deep down People have long believed that plants make most of the world’s oxygen using sunlight. But now, scientists have discovered that oxygen can also be produced deep in the ocean out of sunlight or plants, noted Science Alert. This occurs on the seafloor where special rocks called polymetallic nodules (多金属结核) are found. These rocks help create an electrical reaction that can split (分解) water into hydrogen and oxygen.The discovery can contribute to our understandings of the impact of deep-sea mining. Feast for the eyes Why is it easy to overeat at a buffet? A study published in Science Direct, an online academic database, has found that food waste at buffets may be caused by cognitive overload. When there are a lot of different foods, diners often want to try a variety of dishes out of fear of missing out. People may end up choosing foods they like less, which contributes to food waste. Power of perception A groundbreaking study featured in Science News has revealed the profound impact of perception on food waste behavior, particularly in the context of household food disposal. The research dug into the realm of psychological factors, showing that attitudes, perceptions, and emotions are the pivotal drivers behind the minimization of food waste. This discovery not only enriches our understanding of consumer behavior but also paves the way for more effective strategies in the global fight against food waste. 1. What is the significance of the marmots index study? A. Tracking marmot intelligence. B. Evaluation climate impact on species. C. Increasing survival chances. D. Measuring monitor population growth. 2. What is a shared insight from the last two studies? A. Fear of missing out leads to waste. B. Buffets and households waste food equally. C. Cognitive overload is exclusive to buffets. D. Food waste is related to psychological factors. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An academic article. B. An exam paper. C. A culture magazine. D. A course plan. B Earlier this year, I was looking for part-time work. Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop nearby, was hiring, so I went in for a trial shift (轮班). While I originally just set out to earn some extra money during the summer, the bonds and memories I made there turned out to be more valuable than any paycheck. Once, a man who works for the union of the local movie theater came in to place an order. He wanted a cake to celebrate a victory he’d had in stopping the theater from being kicked out by its landlord. Moonmilk’s owner was touched by the story and refused payment for the cake. Later, the union leader — so moved by the gesture — delivered free movie tickets to Moonmilk staff. The older women customers are among my favorites. Their concern is poignant; they often wonder if I’m Okay and tell me I look tired. One regular, always alone and smiling, is kind and generous, always declaring we have the best ice cream in the city. There’s also the guy who comes frequently to ask if we have the chocolate orange flavor — that we only ever have at Christmas. I always have to say no, but his persistence brings me joy, especially on days when I’m tired. As with any job, there are unpleasant moments. My wrist often hurts from repeatedly scooping out ice cream, and it’s always annoying when a group of people come in and take way too long to order, holding up all the others waiting. Worse still,in the fall, my full-time job’s schedule becomes more demanding and I know I’ll have to scale back my shifts. I will run into my favorite customers less often. But my experience working at Moonmilk has offered much more than just a paycheck. It has helped me feel more connected to my local community. The interactions and connections I’ve made will sustain me until at least next summer. 4. What initially drew the author to work at Moonmilk? A. A love for cake and ice cream. B. The chance to earn extra money. C. A personal connection to the shop. D. The manager’s engaging personality. 5. What does the underlined word “poignant” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Heartwarming. B. Surprising. C. Distracting. D. Embarrassing. 6. What trouble does the author encounter at work? A. Bad-tasting ice cream. B. Far-off job destination. C. Constant physical pain. D. Numerous customer demands. 7. What lasting effect does the job at Moonmilk have on the author? A. Renewed purpose awareness. B. Strengthened social participation. C. Advanced financial independence. D. Improved working competence. C Thinking through problems can be challenging, but there are ways to become fairer and more objective. One such method is illeism (第三人称叙述法), an ancient strategy where one speaks about oneself in the third person rather than the first. For example, Julius Caesar used it in his writings, “Caesar defended the public” instead of “I defended the public.” This subtle switch gives the statement an air of fairness. Though it may seem strange today, psychological research suggests it brings cognitive benefits by helping to separate emotions from decision-making. To understand how illeism aids decision-making, we must explore how scientists, like Igor Grossmann, measure wisdom. Grossmann identified key components of wise reasoning,such as modesty and considering other viewpoints. His research demonstrated that wise reasoning can predict life satisfaction and social relationship quality. However, Grossmann also found that people are better at making wise decisions for others than for themselves — a phenomenon he called Solomon’s Paradox, after the Biblical king who was wise in advising others but struggled with his own decisions. Could illeism help solve Solomon’s Paradox? Grossmann’s studies suggest it can. By talking about our problems in the third person, we gain distance, helping us to see the bigger picture. This helps to calm down emotions that might confuse our thinking. In a study with Ethan Kross, people using illeism showed more humility and made better decisions, suggesting that the practice helps people think more wisely. Grossmann’s latest research shows that regular use of illeism can have lasting benefits. Participants who wrote in the third person daily saw improvements in wise reasoning and emotional regulation. This suggests that illeism helps us manage stress and approach challenges more thoughtfully, which I now apply to all areas of my life. 8. Why did Julius Caesar use illeism in his writings? A. To overstate his achievements. B. To simplify the language for his audience. C. To appear more personal and approachable. D. To make his statements sound more factual. 9. What is Solomon’s Paradox described in the article? A The ability to make decisions without emotion. B. The skill of reasoning wisely in personal matters. C. The tendency to give better advice to others than to oneself. D. The strategy of using third-person perspective in decision-making. 10. What does the research by Grossmann reveal on the regular use of illeism? A. It worsens emotional responses. B. It is unrelated to life satisfaction. C. It is only beneficial for public speaking. D. It helps manage stress and make decisions. 11. What is the primary focus of the article? A. The use of illeism by historical figures. B. A psychological strategy to improve decision-making. C. The influence of language on emotional expression. D. A comparison between first-person and third-person speech. D Germany is at the forefront of a green energy revolution with the rise of balcony solar panels. These lightweight, plug-and-play panels are not only affordable but also easy to install, allowing everyday citizens to generate their own electricity. In Germany, individual panels can be bought for as low as 200 euros, and complete sets are about twice that cost. New laws prevent landlords from blocking solar panel installations (安装) and simplify registration requirements, making personal solar systems more attractive. There is a growing diversity of users, including older people and adult women, and many are young families concerned about climate change. Most of the solar panels are produced in China, which has dominated the global industry and reduced costs. Waltraud Borg, a Berlin rétiree, was delighted to install several on her balcony after discovering them at a sustainability trade fair. “It’s thrilling to be more independent,” she said. Each panel produces enough power for a laptop or a small fridge, and over 500,000 systems have been set up across Germany. The boom in solar panel use is partly due to new laws that have eased installation regulations. As part of its push to move away from dependence on Russian natural gas, the European Union is looking to quadruple (变成四倍) the amount of power generated through photovoltaic (光伏) sources by 2030, to 600 gigawatts (吉瓦). Germany aims to reach a third of that amount by the same year. In the first half of this year, Germany added 90 gigawatts of photovoltaic capacity, according to Rystad Energy. The so-called plug-in systems convert the direct current from the panels to alternating current for home use. Janik Nolden, founder of Solago, a German start-up, noted that most customers prefer to install the panels themselves. His company has grown rapidly, shipping products across Germany and into Austria. Plug-in solar panels are also gaining popularity in other European countries, with pricés dropping steadily. Small-scale batteries have been introduced, allowing users to store electricity for later use. Apps let users monitor their energy production, which has become a popular pastime, sparking friendly competition among neighbors. Thomas Losch, initially skeptical, became fascinated with solar power after seeing a neighbor’s setup. He now checks his app every morning to see how much energy is being generated. “I am completely hooked,” he said. “It’s a good feeling to do my bit for the environment.” 12. What advantages do balcony solar panels have based on the passage? A. They are primarily intended for use by the young. B. They have fully replaced traditional power systems. C. They are cost-effective and applied in every aspect of life. D. They can cut emissions, save on bills, and gain policy support. 13. What will be Germany’s achievement in photovoltaic capacity by 2030? A. 90 gigawatts. B. 150 gigawatts. C. 200 gigawatts. D. 600 gigawatts. 14. How do small-scale batteries boost the use of balcony solar panels? A. Enable energy storage for future use. B. Perfect competition atmosphere. C. Monitor batteries’ charging process. D. Decrease solar panel efficiency. 15. Which of the following titles is the most suitablefor the passage? A. EU's 2030 Solar Power Goals B. Small-scale batteries Dominate Market C. Balcony Solar Panels: A German Revolution D. Solar Energy: Economic and Environmental Impact 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People are confident in their opinions even when they know little In a debate, if you strongly feel you’re right, you may actually be wrong, a study shows. You may be experiencing what scientists call an “illusion (错觉) of information adequacy”. The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, was conducted by a team of scientists from the US. ____16____ The team conducted an online experiment involving 1,261 participants from the US. The participants were divided into three groups, each reading an article about a fictional school that lacked water. The article for the first group presented only reasons why the school should be integrated with another that had sufficient merger. ____17____ Both said they were just as well-informed as anyone else, and that most other people would make the same choice as they did. In the third group, 55 percent supported the merger while 45 percent were against it. “____18____” Angus Fletcher, one of the scientists, explained to Popular Science, “This makes us tend to think that we have all the crucial facts about a decision, leaping to confident conclusions and decisive judgments. ____19____” Interestingly, after being presented with all the facts, many participants in the first two groups changed their minds. ____20____ This showed that, when given more comprehensive information, people may be willing to change their opinions. However, as noted by Popular Science, changing deeply rooted views on more complex topics can be much more challenging. A. But the second disagreed. B. In fact, we are missing necessary information. C. Nevertheless the third group changed their minds too. D. This results in a mix of opinions similar to those of the third group. E. The less our brain knows, the more confidently it knows all it needs to know. F Scientists think “illusion of information adequacy” makes for our mutual cooperation. G. They believe this “illusion” may contribute to misunderstandings and conflicts in our lives. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A few years ago, we bought a model Lego set for my dad’s birthday, hoping to combine his love for architecture with family time. Each evening, my dad and I ____21____ the large dining table to plan our line of attack. We faced thousands of ____22____ white pieces, each packaged with precision in numbered plastic bags, ____23____ by a thick instruction booklet. We were amazed by how ____24____ the model was. We also realized the booklet itself was a work of art, beautiful, but also surprisingly ____25____ and clear. It provided us with the comfort of ____26____. We knew if we followed all the ____27____, we would end up with a mode hat looked ____28____ like the picture on the box. If we made a mistake, all we had to do was ____29____ our steps, flip back the pages and start again. Life, however, does not _____30_____ together so neatly and _____31_____ provides us with such clear instructions. We talked over our respective lives, decisions made, and actions and choices never _____32_____. We think we have the ability of _____33_____ our life, but our choices are shaped by _____34_____ beyond our control. In the face of uncertainty, we have to_____35_____, trusting both in the process and the end result. 21. A. gathered around B. sided with C. lived off D. straightened up 22. A. vast B. tiny C. relevant D. original 23. A. favored B. accompanied C. transformed D. covered 24. A. impractical B. unique C. complex D. dull 25. A. ordinary B. abstract C. meaningless D. detailed 26. A. certainty B. relaxation C. insecurity D. competition 27. A. assessments B. circumstances C. instructions D. inferences 28. A. initially B. ultimately C. exactly D. partly 29. A. recycle B. retrace C. reveal D. recall 30. A. fit B. occupy C. shift D. involve 31. A. fundamentally B. merely C. slightly D. rarely 32. A. motivated B. declined C. opposed D. taken 33. A. controlling B. designing C. analyzing D. founding 34. A. rays B. forces C. shadows D. instances 35. A. proceed B. succeed C. predict D. interrupt 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。 The Olympic rings on the Eiffel Tower became a big feature of the Paris Olympics, attracting____36____ (crowd) of visitors between July 26 and Aug 11, ____37____ came to take photos with the eye-catching display in the background. To keep the festive spirit alive, Mayor Anne Hidalgo announced plans to leave the Olympic rings on the Eiffel Tower ____38____ (permanent) in early September. However, the 30-ton rings proved too heavy to stay on the tower. Hidalgo suggested creating a lighter version instead, but the proposal caused many heated ____39____ (argue). “They were a bit large, so it’s better ____40____ (put) small ones that can remain for a few years,” said Gabriel, a French volunteer at the Games, ____41____ (stand) at the base of the tower on Friday. It would be symbolic and ____42____ great souvenir.” The Association of Descendants of Gustave Eiffel (埃菲尔后裔协会), the designer group of the tower, ____43____ (disapprove) of the plan. It stated that the Eiffel Tower should not have “the symbol of an outside organization added ____44____ it in a long-lasting way.” _____45_____ (face) with different ideas, Hidalgo later suggested that the new, lighter Olympic rings could remain until the next Summer Games in Los Angeles in 2028. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周一你校组织高二学生到社会实践活动基地进行采摘大白菜活动。请你给新西兰朋友Peter写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）活动经过； （2）你的收获。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At 19, I became an attendant at the Stanley Park Children’s Zoo. The children’s zoo was ahead of its time. Holes were used instead of cages, and zoo attendants worked hard to make each habitat different and exciting for the animals that lived there. The harbor seal pups (幼崽) in our care were kept in the back building, away from visitors. Twice a day, we’d take them to the man-made pond in the contact area for a swim. The pond was at the bottom of a waterfall of fresh, cold water. One day, as I was in the deep, icy water with two seal pups, some people gathered to watch. The pups swam close to me, surfacing occasionally to catch a breath and look around. I noticed a boy, about 10 years old, excitedly pointing at one and calling to his mother to come and see. Suddenly, the boy yelled, “Where is the other seal?” While one of the seals was scratching my leg, my eyes searched the pond for the other, Spica. The water was clear, as well as cold, and it was soon obvious Spica wasn’t where he should be. I was shocked as I realized he had swum under a rock formation, which was there to hide the drain (排水管). That area was too narrow for Spica to turn around in. “Oh no!” yelled the boy. “The little seal is under the rocks and can’t get out. He’s going to drown!” Everyone in the zoo came to the edge of the pond to watch the scene. I was frightened and asked another attendant to take the remaining pup to safety. I dove under to check the hole and found Spica trying to get through. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右。 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then, Ken, who worked at the main zoo, arrived. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As everyone was silent, Spica raised his head, making a soft, low sound. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5ACBCA 6-10CBCBA 11-15 CCAAB 16-20CAACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 湖北省部分市州2024年秋季高二年级期末质量监测 英语 本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4．考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A.£ 19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C。 1.What did the speakers plan to do this evening? A.Stay at home. B.Go to the movies. C.See a performance. 2.What does the woman mean? A.The room needs cleaning. B.The man should wear thick clothes. C.She wants to keep the window open. 3.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.In the flower shop. B.In the garden. C.In the supermarket. 4.Who is the woman probably talking to? A.A salesman. B.A policeman. C.A repairman. 5.What are the speakers mainly discussing? A.A gift. B.An exam. C.The man's parents. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Why does the oven fail to work? A.It's too old to use. B.It wasn't used properly. C.There is a power cut. 7.What will the man do next? A.Get his phone. B.Get changed. C.Cook lunch. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.How long did the woman travel in Japan in April? A.Two days. B.Three days. C.Fifteen days. 9.Why did the woman go to Britain last week? A.To visit a friend. B.To attend a wedding. C.To finish a project. 10.Where are probably the speakers? A.In the restaurant. B.In the tea house. C.In the man's house. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11.What does the woman want the man to do? A.Renat his house to her. B.Help her move house. C.Look for a new place for her. 12.Why is the woman dissatisfied with the apartment she lives in? A.The rent is high. B.It's far away from her college. C.The traffic nearby is terrible. 13.How does the woman sound in the end? A.Grateful. B.Regretful. C.Worried. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.What is the boy probably doing at first? A.Watching TV. B.Visiting a zoo. C.Doing his homework. 15.When is the boy likely to finish his homework? A.By next Thursday. B.By next Friday. C.By next Saturday. 16.What is the boy's attitude towards the woman's plan for tomorrow? A.Annoyed. B.Casual. C.Favorable. 17.What is the boy going to do next? A.Ring his classmate. B.Meet his friend. C.Eat a banana. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18.When will the whole city be finished? A.By 2027. B.By 2025. C.By 2024. 19.What is the purpose of the project? A.To expand the land area of the Maldives. B.To develop the economy of the Maldives. C.To solve a problem caused by sea level rise. 20.What kind of family did Koen Olthuis'mother come from? A.A family of shipbuilders. B.A family of architects. C.A family of engineers. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A NEW DISCOVERIES Lasting marks of stress For humans, scientists once made a “cumulative adversity index (累积逆境指数)”, which describes the amount of adversity a person experiences as a child. Now, scientists have made a similar one to study the influence of early-life stress on marmots (土拨鼠) living in Colorado, US, reported Live Science. The marmots index brings together ecological, parental and social challenges. The index will help people improve the survival chances of endangered animals in the wild. Life source deep down People have long believed that plants make most of the world’s oxygen using sunlight. But now, scientists have discovered that oxygen can also be produced deep in the ocean out of sunlight or plants, noted Science Alert. This occurs on the seafloor where special rocks called polymetallic nodules (多金属结核) are found. These rocks help create an electrical reaction that can split (分解) water into hydrogen and oxygen.The discovery can contribute to our understandings of the impact of deep-sea mining. Feast for the eyes Why is it easy to overeat at a buffet? A study published in Science Direct, an online academic database, has found that food waste at buffets may be caused by cognitive overload. When there are a lot of different foods, diners often want to try a variety of dishes out of fear of missing out. People may end up choosing foods they like less, which contributes to food waste. Power of perception A groundbreaking study featured in Science News has revealed the profound impact of perception on food waste behavior, particularly in the context of household food disposal. The research dug into the realm of psychological factors, showing that attitudes, perceptions, and emotions are the pivotal drivers behind the minimization of food waste. This discovery not only enriches our understanding of consumer behavior but also paves the way for more effective strategies in the global fight against food waste. 1. What is the significance of the marmots index study? A. Tracking marmot intelligence. B. Evaluation climate impact on species. C. Increasing survival chances. D. Measuring monitor population growth. 2. What is a shared insight from the last two studies? A. Fear of missing out leads to waste. B. Buffets and households waste food equally. C. Cognitive overload is exclusive to buffets. D. Food waste is related to psychological factors. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An academic article. B. An exam paper. C. A culture magazine. D. A course plan. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个新的发现。分别介绍了深海特殊岩石能产生电反应，从而有助于了解深海采矿的影响；了解土拨鼠指数有助于我们提高野外濒临动物的生存机会；了解为什么自助餐容易吃得过多，以及家庭食物浪费背后的心理因素，从而指出食物浪费的问题的原因。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The index will help people improve the survival chances of endangered animals in the wild.(该指数将帮助人们提高濒危动物在野外的生存机会)”可知，科学家研究土拨鼠指数是因为它能有助于我们提高野外濒临动物的生存机会。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A study published in Science Direct, an online academic database, has found that food waste at buffets may be caused by cognitive overload. (在线学术数据库Science Direct上发表的一项研究发现，自助餐中的食物浪费可能是由认知超载引起的)”以及最后一段“The research dug into the realm of psychological factors, showing that attitudes, perceptions, and emotions are the pivotal drivers behind the minimization of food waste.(这项研究深入研究了心理因素，表明态度、感知和情绪是减少食物浪费的关键驱动因素)”可知，这两个发现的共同之处在于了解食物浪费背后相关的心理原因。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“NEW DISCOVERIES (新发现)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了四个关于科学的新发现。由此可推知，文章来自于学术研究方面的文章。故选A。 B Earlier this year, I was looking for part-time work. Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop nearby, was hiring, so I went in for a trial shift (轮班). While I originally just set out to earn some extra money during the summer, the bonds and memories I made there turned out to be more valuable than any paycheck. Once, a man who works for the union of the local movie theater came in to place an order. He wanted a cake to celebrate a victory he’d had in stopping the theater from being kicked out by its landlord. Moonmilk’s owner was touched by the story and refused payment for the cake. Later, the union leader — so moved by the gesture — delivered free movie tickets to Moonmilk staff. The older women customers are among my favorites. Their concern is poignant; they often wonder if I’m Okay and tell me I look tired. One regular, always alone and smiling, is kind and generous, always declaring we have the best ice cream in the city. There’s also the guy who comes frequently to ask if we have the chocolate orange flavor — that we only ever have at Christmas. I always have to say no, but his persistence brings me joy, especially on days when I’m tired. As with any job, there are unpleasant moments. My wrist often hurts from repeatedly scooping out ice cream, and it’s always annoying when a group of people come in and take way too long to order, holding up all the others waiting. Worse still,in the fall, my full-time job’s schedule becomes more demanding and I know I’ll have to scale back my shifts. I will run into my favorite customers less often. But my experience working at Moonmilk has offered much more than just a paycheck. It has helped me feel more connected to my local community. The interactions and connections I’ve made will sustain me until at least next summer. 4. What initially drew the author to work at Moonmilk? A. A love for cake and ice cream. B. The chance to earn extra money. C. A personal connection to the shop. D. The manager’s engaging personality. 5. What does the underlined word “poignant” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Heartwarming. B. Surprising. C. Distracting. D. Embarrassing. 6. What trouble does the author encounter at work? A. Bad-tasting ice cream. B. Far-off job destination. C. Constant physical pain. D. Numerous customer demands. 7. What lasting effect does the job at Moonmilk have on the author? A. Renewed purpose awareness. B. Strengthened social participation. C. Advanced financial independence. D. Improved working competence. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在Moonmilk蛋糕和冰淇淋店兼职的经历，以及这份工作给作者带来的感受和影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“While I originally just set out to earn some extra money during the summer, the bonds and memories I made there turned out to be more valuable than any paycheck.(虽然我最初只是打算在夏天赚些外快，但我在那里建立的纽带和回忆比任何薪水都更有价值。)”可知，最初吸引作者去Moonmilk工作的是赚外快的机会。故选B。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文“they often wonder if I’m Okay and tell me I look tired.(她们经常问我是否还好，并告诉我我看起来很累。)”可知，这些年长的女顾客很关心作者，所以她们的关心应该是令人心暖的。由此可知，poignant意为“令人心暖的”。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“My wrist often hurts from repeatedly scooping out ice cream.(我的手腕经常因为反复舀冰淇淋而疼痛。)”可知，作者在工作中遇到的麻烦是持续的身体疼痛。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It has helped me feel more connected to my local community. The interactions and connections I’ve made will sustain me until at least next summer.(它让我感觉自己与当地社区的联系更加紧密。我所建立的互动和联系至少会持续到明年夏天。)”可知，在Moonmilk的工作对作者的持久影响是增强了社会参与。故选B。 C Thinking through problems can be challenging, but there are ways to become fairer and more objective. One such method is illeism (第三人称叙述法), an ancient strategy where one speaks about oneself in the third person rather than the first. For example, Julius Caesar used it in his writings, “Caesar defended the public” instead of “I defended the public.” This subtle switch gives the statement an air of fairness. Though it may seem strange today, psychological research suggests it brings cognitive benefits by helping to separate emotions from decision-making. To understand how illeism aids decision-making, we must explore how scientists, like Igor Grossmann, measure wisdom. Grossmann identified key components of wise reasoning,such as modesty and considering other viewpoints. His research demonstrated that wise reasoning can predict life satisfaction and social relationship quality. However, Grossmann also found that people are better at making wise decisions for others than for themselves — a phenomenon he called Solomon’s Paradox, after the Biblical king who was wise in advising others but struggled with his own decisions. Could illeism help solve Solomon’s Paradox? Grossmann’s studies suggest it can. By talking about our problems in the third person, we gain distance, helping us to see the bigger picture. This helps to calm down emotions that might confuse our thinking. In a study with Ethan Kross, people using illeism showed more humility and made better decisions, suggesting that the practice helps people think more wisely. Grossmann’s latest research shows that regular use of illeism can have lasting benefits. Participants who wrote in the third person daily saw improvements in wise reasoning and emotional regulation. This suggests that illeism helps us manage stress and approach challenges more thoughtfully, which I now apply to all areas of my life. 8 Why did Julius Caesar use illeism in his writings? A. To overstate his achievements. B. To simplify the language for his audience. C. To appear more personal and approachable. D. To make his statements sound more factual. 9. What is Solomon’s Paradox described in the article? A. The ability to make decisions without emotion. B. The skill of reasoning wisely in personal matters. C. The tendency to give better advice to others than to oneself. D. The strategy of using third-person perspective in decision-making. 10. What does the research by Grossmann reveal on the regular use of illeism? A. It worsens emotional responses. B. It is unrelated to life satisfaction. C. It is only beneficial for public speaking. D. It helps manage stress and make decisions. 11. What is the primary focus of the article? A. The use of illeism by historical figures. B. A psychological strategy to improve decision-making. C. The influence of language on emotional expression. D. A comparison between first-person and third-person speech. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了“第三人称叙述法”在决策中帮助人们变得更加理性和智慧；介绍了这种策略的起源，并通过科学研究展示了其在解决“所罗门悖论”方面的益处。作者利用亲身经历告诉读者经常使用第三人称叙述法可以带来持久的认知和情感上的改善。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For example, Julius Caesar used it in his writings, “Caesar defended the public” instead of “I defended the public.” This subtle switch gives the statement an air of fairness. Though it may seem strange today, psychological research suggests it brings cognitive benefits by helping to separate emotions from decision-making. (例如，尤利乌斯·凯撒在他的著作中使用了“恺撒为公众辩护”而不是“我为公众辩护。”这一微妙的转变使这一说法显得公平。尽管今天看起来很奇怪，但心理学研究表明，它通过帮助将情绪与决策分开来带来认知益处)”可知，尤利乌斯·凯撒使用第三人称叙述法是为了使他的陈述听起来更加客观和可信，听起来更符合事实。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“However, Grossmann also found that people are better at making wise decisions for others than for themselves — a phenomenon he called Solomon’s Paradox, after the Biblical king who was wise in advising others but struggled with his own decisions.(然而，格罗斯曼还发现，人们更善于为他人做出明智的决定，而不是为自己——他以圣经中的国王所罗门的名字命名了这一现象，这位国王在为他人提供建议方面很明智，但在自己的决定上却很挣扎)”可推知，所罗门悖论描述的是人们在为别人提供建议时比为自己做决定时更明智，即倾向于给别人比给自己更好的建议。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节推断题。根据最后一段“Grossmann’s latest research shows that regular use of illeism can have lasting benefits. Participants who wrote in the third person daily saw improvements in wise reasoning and emotional regulation. This suggests that illeism helps us manage stress and approach challenges more thoughtfully, which I now apply to all areas of my life. (格罗斯曼的最新研究表明，经常使用第三人称叙述法可以带来持久的好处。每天用第三人称叙述法写作的参与者看到了明智推理和情绪调节的改善。这表明，第三人称叙述法有助于我们更周到地管理压力和应对挑战，我现在将其应用于我生活的各个领域)”可知，格罗斯曼的研究表明使用第三人称叙述法可以帮助管理压力和应对挑战，能让人们更好地理解他人的观点，从而提高决策的明智性。由此可知，第三人称叙述法可以有助于管理压力和做出决定。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thinking through problems can be challenging, but there are ways to become fairer and more objective. One such method is illeism (第三人称叙述法), an ancient strategy where one speaks about oneself in the third person rather than the first.(思考问题可能具有挑战性，但有办法变得更加公平和客观。其中一种方法是第三人称叙述法，这是一种古老的策略，人们用第三人称而不是第一人称来谈论自己)”、第三段“Could illeism help solve Solomon’s Paradox? Grossmann’s studies suggest it can.(第三人称叙述法能帮助解决所罗门悖论吗？格罗斯曼的研究表明，它可以)”以及文章内容可知，整篇文章讨论了第三人称叙述法作为一种心理学策略，如何帮助改善决策，特别是在解决所罗门悖论时，因此，这篇文章的重点是介绍一种改善决策的心理策略。故选B。 D Germany is at the forefront of a green energy revolution with the rise of balcony solar panels. These lightweight, plug-and-play panels are not only affordable but also easy to install, allowing everyday citizens to generate their own electricity. In Germany, individual panels can be bought for as low as 200 euros, and complete sets are about twice that cost. New laws prevent landlords from blocking solar panel installations (安装) and simplify registration requirements, making personal solar systems more attractive. There is a growing diversity of users, including older people and adult women, and many are young families concerned about climate change. Most of the solar panels are produced in China, which has dominated the global industry and reduced costs. Waltraud Borg, a Berlin rétiree, was delighted to install several on her balcony after discovering them at a sustainability trade fair. “It’s thrilling to be more independent,” she said. Each panel produces enough power for a laptop or a small fridge, and over 500,000 systems have been set up across Germany. The boom in solar panel use is partly due to new laws that have eased installation regulations. As part of its push to move away from dependence on Russian natural gas, the European Union is looking to quadruple (变成四倍) the amount of power generated through photovoltaic (光伏) sources by 2030, to 600 gigawatts (吉瓦). Germany aims to reach a third of that amount by the same year. In the first half of this year, Germany added 90 gigawatts of photovoltaic capacity, according to Rystad Energy. The so-called plug-in systems convert the direct current from the panels to alternating current for home use. Janik Nolden, founder of Solago, a German start-up, noted that most customers prefer to install the panels themselves. His company has grown rapidly, shipping products across Germany and into Austria. Plug-in solar panels are also gaining popularity in other European countries, with pricés dropping steadily. Small-scale batteries have been introduced, allowing users to store electricity for later use. Apps let users monitor their energy production, which has become a popular pastime, sparking friendly competition among neighbors. Thomas Losch, initially skeptical, became fascinated with solar power after seeing a neighbor’s setup. He now checks his app every morning to see how much energy is being generated. “I am completely hooked,” he said. “It’s a good feeling to do my bit for the environment.” 12. What advantages do balcony solar panels have based on the passage? A. They are primarily intended for use by the young. B. They have fully replaced traditional power systems. C. They are cost-effective and applied in every aspect of life. D. They can cut emissions, save on bills, and gain policy support. 13. What will be Germany’s achievement in photovoltaic capacity by 2030? A. 90 gigawatts. B. 150 gigawatts. C. 200 gigawatts. D. 600 gigawatts. 14. How do small-scale batteries boost the use of balcony solar panels? A. Enable energy storage for future use. B. Perfect competition atmosphere. C. Monitor batteries’ charging process. D. Decrease solar panel efficiency. 15. Which of the following titles is the most suitablefor the passage? A. EU's 2030 Solar Power Goals B. Small-scale batteries Dominate Market C. Balcony Solar Panels: A German Revolution D. Solar Energy: Economic and Environmental Impact 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阳台太阳能电池板的兴起，让德国处于绿色能源革命的前沿。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Germany is at the forefront of a green energy revolution with the rise of balcony solar panels.(随着阳台太阳能电池板的兴起，德国处于绿色能源革命的前沿)”和第二段的句子“In Germany, individual panels can be bought for as low as 200 euros, and complete sets are about twice that cost. New laws prevent landlords from blocking solar panel installations (安装) and simplify registration requirements, making personal solar systems more attractive. There is a growing diversity of users, including older people and adult women, and many are young families concerned about climate change.(在德国，单个太阳能电池板的价格低至200欧元，整套太阳能电池板的价格约为200欧元的两倍。新的法律禁止房东阻止太阳能电池板的安装，并简化了注册要求，使个人太阳能系统更具吸引力。用户越来越多样化，包括老年人和成年妇女，许多是关心气候变化的年轻家庭。)”可知，文章中提到的阳台太阳能板的优势包括减少排放、节省费用和政策支持。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“As part of its push to move away from dependence on Russian natural gas, the European Union is looking to quadruple (变成四倍) the amount of power generated through photovoltaic (光伏) sources by 2030, to 600 gigawatts (吉瓦). Germany aims to reach a third of that amount by the same year.(作为摆脱对俄罗斯天然气依赖的努力的一部分，欧盟正寻求到2030年将光伏发电的发电量增加四倍，达到600吉瓦。德国的目标是到同年达到这一数字的三分之一。)”可知，到2030年，德国的光伏发电将达到200吉瓦。故选C项 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“Small-scale batteries have been introduced, allowing users to store electricity for later use.(小型电池已经被引入，允许用户储存电力以供以后使用。)”可知，小型电池可以存储能量以备将来使用，这促进了阳台太阳能电池板的使用。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了阳台太阳能电池板的兴起，让德国处于绿色能源革命的前沿。所以用C项“Balcony Solar Panels: A German Revolution(阳台太阳能电池板：德国革命)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 People are confident in their opinions even when they know little In a debate, if you strongly feel you’re right, you may actually be wrong, a study shows. You may be experiencing what scientists call an “illusion (错觉) of information adequacy”. The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, was conducted by a team of scientists from the US. ____16____ The team conducted an online experiment involving 1,261 participants from the US. The participants were divided into three groups, each reading an article about a fictional school that lacked water. The article for the first group presented only reasons why the school should be integrated with another that had sufficient merger. ____17____ Both said they were just as well-informed as anyone else, and that most other people would make the same choice as they did. In the third group, 55 percent supported the merger while 45 percent were against it. “____18____” Angus Fletcher, one of the scientists, explained to Popular Science, “This makes us tend to think that we have all the crucial facts about a decision, leaping to confident conclusions and decisive judgments. ____19____” Interestingly, after being presented with all the facts, many participants in the first two groups changed their minds. ____20____ This showed that, when given more comprehensive information, people may be willing to change their opinions. However, as noted by Popular Science, changing deeply rooted views on more complex topics can be much more challenging. A. But the second disagreed. B. In fact, we are missing necessary information. C. Nevertheless, the third group changed their minds too. D. This results in a mix of opinions similar to those of the third group. E. The less our brain knows, the more confidently it knows all it needs to know. F. Scientists think “illusion of information adequacy” makes for our mutual cooperation. G. They believe this “illusion” may contribute to misunderstandings and conflicts in our lives. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，在争论中，如果你强烈认为自己是正确的，实际上你可能是错误的。你可能正在经历科学家们称之为“信息充足错觉”的现象。文章通过具体例子解释了这一现象。 【16题详解】 根据上文“In a debate, if you strongly feel you’re right, you may actually be wrong, a study shows. You may be experiencing what scientists call an “illusion (错觉) of information adequacy”. The study, published in the journal PLOS ONE, was conducted by a team of scientists from the US.(一项研究表明，在辩论中，如果你强烈认为自己是对的，实际上你可能是错的。你可能正在经历科学家所说的“信息充足的错觉”。这项研究由来自美国的一组科学家进行，发表在《公共科学图书馆·综合》杂志上)”可推知下文应是这种错觉带来的问题，G选项“他们认为这种“错觉”可能导致我们在生活中产生误解和冲突。”符合题意，并且选项中的they指的就是科学家们，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The article for the first group presented only reasons why the school should be integrated with another that had sufficient merger. (第一组的文章仅提供了支持该校应与另一所具备充足合并条件的学校进行整合的理由)”和下文“Both said they were just as well-informed as anyone else, and that most other people would make the same choice as they did. In the third group, 55 percent supported the merger while 45 percent were against it. (两组都说他们和其他人一样消息灵通，而且大多数人都会和他们做出同样的选择。在第三组中，55%的人支持合并，45%的人反对)”可推知设空处应该是关于第二组的观点，所以A选项“但第二组不同意。”符号题意，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据下文“This makes us tend to think that we have all the crucial facts about a decision, leaping to confident conclusions and decisive judgments. (这使我们倾向于认为我们拥有关于一个决定的所有关键事实，从而迅速得出自信的结论和决定性的判断)”可知，这是在解释一种大脑的认知情况，E选项“我们的大脑知道得越少，就越自信地认为它知道了所有需要知道的东西。”能很好地引出后文对这种情况的解释。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Angus Fletcher, one of the scientists, explained to Popular Science, “This makes us tend to think that we have all the crucial facts about a decision, leaping to confident conclusions and decisive judgments. (其中一位科学家安格斯·弗莱彻向《大众科学》解释说：“这使我们倾向于认为我们掌握了一个决定的所有关键事实，从而迅速得出自信的结论和果断的判断)”可推知设空处应是这位科学家继续做出的解释，而且对上文进行了总结，所以B选项“事实上，我们缺少必要的信息。”符合语境，并且符合“信息充足的错觉”的现象。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Interestingly, after being presented with all the facts, many participants in the first two groups changed their minds. (有趣的是，在被告知所有事实后，前两组的许多参与者改变了主意)”可知前两组很多参与者在看到所有事实后改变了想法，后面应说明这样做导致的结果，D 选项“这导致了与第三组相似的意见混合。”符合题意，正是改变后的结果。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A few years ago, we bought a model Lego set for my dad’s birthday, hoping to combine his love for architecture with family time. Each evening, my dad and I ____21____ the large dining table to plan our line of attack. We faced thousands of ____22____ white pieces, each packaged with precision in numbered plastic bags, ____23____ by a thick instruction booklet. We were amazed by how ____24____ the model was. We also realized the booklet itself was a work of art, beautiful, but also surprisingly ____25____ and clear. It provided us with the comfort of ____26____. We knew if we followed all the ____27____, we would end up with a mode hat looked ____28____ like the picture on the box. If we made a mistake, all we had to do was ____29____ our steps, flip back the pages and start again. Life, however, does not _____30_____ together so neatly and _____31_____ provides us with such clear instructions. We talked over our respective lives, decisions made, and actions and choices never _____32_____. We think we have the ability of _____33_____ our life, but our choices are shaped by _____34_____ beyond our control. In the face of uncertainty, we have to_____35_____, trusting both in the process and the end result. 21. A. gathered around B. sided with C. lived off D. straightened up 22. A. vast B. tiny C. relevant D. original 23. A. favored B. accompanied C. transformed D. covered 24. A. impractical B. unique C. complex D. dull 25. A. ordinary B. abstract C. meaningless D. detailed 26. A. certainty B. relaxation C. insecurity D. competition 27. A. assessments B. circumstances C. instructions D. inferences 28. A. initially B. ultimately C. exactly D. partly 29. A. recycle B. retrace C. reveal D. recall 30. A. fit B. occupy C. shift D. involve 31 A. fundamentally B. merely C. slightly D. rarely 32. A. motivated B. declined C. opposed D. taken 33. A. controlling B. designing C. analyzing D. founding 34. A. rays B. forces C. shadows D. instances 35. A. proceed B. succeed C. predict D. interrupt 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和父亲一起拼装乐高模型的经历，并从中感悟到人生与拼乐高的不同之处。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天晚上，我和爸爸都会围坐在大餐桌旁，计划我们的拼装策略。A. gathered around聚集在……周围；B. sided with支持，站在……一边；C. lived off依靠……生活；D. straightened up整理，站直。根据后文“the large dining table to plan our line of attack”可知，作者和父亲围坐在餐桌旁计划拼装的策略。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们面对着成千上万的小小的白色积木，每个都精确地包装在编号的塑料袋里，还伴有一本厚厚的说明书。A. vast广阔的；B. tiny微小的；C. relevant相关的；D. original原始的。根据常识和后文“white pieces, each packaged with precision in numbered plastic bags”可知，乐高积木是很小的白色积木块。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. favored偏爱；B. accompanied陪伴，附有；C. transformed转变；D. covered覆盖。根据后文“by a thick instruction booklet”指乐高积木附有一本厚厚的说明书。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们对这个模型的复杂程度感到惊讶。A. impractical不切实际的；B. unique独特的；C. complex复杂的；D. dull枯燥的。根据后文“We also realized the booklet itself was a work of art, beautiful, but also surprisingly ____5____ and clear.”可知，说明书既漂亮又详细清晰，可推知模型很复杂。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们也意识到这本说明书本身就是一件艺术品，既漂亮，又出奇地详细和清晰。A. ordinary普通的；B. abstract抽象的；C. meaningless无意义的；D. detailed详细的。根据后文“clear”可知，说明书详细且清晰。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我们确定性的安慰。A. certainty确定性；B. relaxation放松；C. insecurity不安全；D. competition竞争。根据后文“We knew if we followed all the ____7____, we would end up with a mode hat looked ____8____ like the picture on the box.”可知，如果我们按照说明书来，就能拼出和图片一样的模型，这给了我们确定性的安慰。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们知道，如果我们遵循所有的说明，我们最终会得到一个看起来和盒子上的图片一模一样的模型。A. assessments评估；B. circumstances情况；C. instructions说明；D. inferences推断。根据前文“accompanied by a thick instruction booklet”可知，此处指遵循说明书。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. initially最初；B. ultimately最终；C. exactly恰好地，正是；D. partly部分地。根据后文“like the picture on the box”可知，拼出的模型和图片一模一样。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们犯了一个错误，我们所要做的就是回溯我们的步骤，翻回前几页，重新开始。A. recycle回收；B. retrace回溯；C. reveal揭露；D. recall回忆。根据后文“our steps, flip back the pages and start again”可知，拼错的话要回溯步骤，翻回前几页重新开始。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，生活并不是如此整齐地契合在一起的，也很少为我们提供如此清晰的指示。A. fit适合；B. occupy占领；C. shift转移；D. involve涉及。根据后文“together so neatly”可知，生活并不像乐高积木那样整齐地契合在一起。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fundamentally根本地；B. merely仅仅；C. slightly轻微地；D. rarely很少。根据前文“Life, however, does not ____10____ together so neatly”可知，生活很少给我们提供如此清晰的指示。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们讨论了各自的生活，所做的决定，以及从未采取的行动和选择。A. motivated激发；B. declined下降；C. opposed反对；D. taken采取。根据后文“actions and choices”可知，此处指从未采取的行动和做出的选择。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们认为我们有能力控制我们生活，但我们的选择是受到我们无法控制的力量的影响。A. controlling控制；B. designing设计；C. analyzing分析；D. founding建立。根据后文“our life”可知，此处指控制生活，应用control。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rays射线；B. forces力量；C. shadows阴影；D. instances例子。根据后文“beyond our control”可知，是无法控制的力量影响我们的选择。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对不确定性，我们必须继续前进，既要相信过程，也要相信最终结果。A. proceed继续前进；B. succeed成功；C. predict预测；D. interrupt打断。根据后文“trusting both in the process and the end result”可知，面对不确定性要继续前进。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号单词的正确形式。 The Olympic rings on the Eiffel Tower became a big feature of the Paris Olympics, attracting____36____ (crowd) of visitors between July 26 and Aug 11, ____37____ came to take photos with the eye-catching display in the background. To keep the festive spirit alive, Mayor Anne Hidalgo announced plans to leave the Olympic rings on the Eiffel Tower ____38____ (permanent) in early September. However, the 30-ton rings proved too heavy to stay on the tower. Hidalgo suggested creating a lighter version instead, but the proposal caused many heated ____39____ (argue). “They were a bit large, so it’s better ____40____ (put) small ones that can remain for a few years,” said Gabriel, a French volunteer at the Games, ____41____ (stand) at the base of the tower on Friday. It would be symbolic and ____42____ great souvenir.” The Association of Descendants of Gustave Eiffel (埃菲尔后裔协会), the designer group of the tower, ____43____ (disapprove) of the plan. It stated that the Eiffel Tower should not have “the symbol of an outside organization added ____44____ it in a long-lasting way.” _____45_____ (face) with different ideas Hidalgo later suggested that the new, lighter Olympic rings could remain until the next Summer Games in Los Angeles in 2028. 【答案】36. crowds 37. who 38. permanently 39. arguments 40. to put 41. standing 42. a 43. disapproved 44. to 45. Faced 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于埃菲尔铁塔上奥运五环的去留问题。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：埃菲尔铁塔上的奥运五环成为了巴黎奥运会的一大亮点，在7月26日至8月11日期间，吸引了众多游客前来，他们纷纷以这一引人注目的装置为背景拍照留念。固定短语crowds of，意为“成群结队的，大量的”。故填crowds。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是visitors，指人，且在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：为了延续节日氛围，市长安妮·伊达尔戈于9月初宣布计划将奥运五环永久留在埃菲尔铁塔上。修饰动词leave需用副词permanently，作状语。故填permanently。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：伊达尔戈建议制作一个更轻便的版本留在埃菲尔铁塔上，但这一提议引发了诸多激烈争论。空处需填名词作宾语，many修饰可数名词复数形式。故填arguments。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“之前的奥运五环有点大，所以最好还是换上小一点的，这样能保留几年，”加布里埃尔说道，他是一名奥运会法国志愿者，于周五站在埃菲尔铁塔下接受了采访。“it is better to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“最好做某事”，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填to put。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语是Gabriel，与stand之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词standing。故填standing。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这将具有象征意义，也会成为一件很棒的纪念品。souvenir是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且great发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：然而，埃菲尔铁塔设计师团体古斯塔夫·埃菲尔后裔协会并不赞成这一计划。此处描述的是过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时。故填disapproved。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：该协会表示，埃菲尔铁塔不应“长期添加外部组织的标志”。add sth. to sth.为固定短语，意为“把某物添加到某物上”。故填to。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：面对不同的意见，伊达尔戈后来提议，新的、更轻便的奥运五环可以保留至2028年下一届洛杉矶夏季奥运会。此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语是Hidalgo，与face之间是被动关系，表示“面对”，因此用过去分词faced，位于句首首字母需大写。故填Faced。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周一你校组织高二学生到社会实践活动基地进行采摘大白菜活动。请你给新西兰朋友Peter写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）活动经过； （2）你的收获。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 Dear Peter, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Peter, I am more than thrilled to share a meaningful activity which our school organized for us sophomores to a social practice base to pick Chinese cabbages last Monday. Upon arrival, we were divided into groups. The staff first demonstrated the proper way to pick cabbages without damaging the plants. Then, with tools in hand, we entered the cabbage fields. We bent down, carefully examined each cabbage, and used knives to cut the mature ones from the root. As we worked, we chatted and laughed, sharing the joy of harvest. The sun shone brightly, and the fresh air filled our lungs. It was a wonderful and memorable experience. Through this activity, not only did I learn about farming but also understood the value of hard work better. It was a really rewarding experience. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给新西兰朋友Peter写一封邮件，分享上周一学校组织高二学生到社会实践活动基地采摘大白菜的活动经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 使用：use → make use of 快乐：joy → delight 难忘的：memorable → unforgettable 有益的： rewarding → beneficial 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Upon arrival we were divided into groups. 拓展句：As soon as we arrived, we were divided into groups. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am more than thrilled to share a meaningful activity which our school organized for us sophomores to a social practice base to pick Chinese cabbages last Monday. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】As we worked, we chatted and laughed, sharing the joy of harvest. (运用了As引导的时间语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 At 19, I became an attendant at the Stanley Park Children’s Zoo. The children’s zoo was ahead of its time. Holes were used instead of cages, and zoo attendants worked hard to make each habitat different and exciting for the animals that lived there. The harbor seal pups (幼崽) in our care were kept in the back building, away from visitors. Twice a day, we’d take them to the man-made pond in the contact area for a swim. The pond was at the bottom of a waterfall of fresh, cold water. One day, as I was in the deep, icy water with two seal pups, some people gathered to watch. The pups swam close to me, surfacing occasionally to catch a breath and look around. I noticed a boy, about 10 years old, excitedly pointing at one and calling to his mother to come and see. Suddenly, the boy yelled, “Where is the other seal?” While one of the seals was scratching my leg, my eyes searched the pond for the other, Spica. The water was clear, as well as cold, and it was soon obvious Spica wasn’t where he should be. I was shocked as I realized he had swum under a rock formation, which was there to hide the drain (排水管). That area was too narrow for Spica to turn around in. “Oh no!” yelled the boy. “The little seal is under the rocks and can’t get out. He’s going to drown!” Everyone in the zoo came to the edge of the pond to watch the scene. I was frightened and asked another attendant to take the remaining pup to safety. I dove under to check the hole and found Spica trying to get through. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右。 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just then, Ken, who worked at the main zoo, arrived. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As everyone was silent, Spica raised his head, making a soft, low sound. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Just then, Ken, who worked at the main zoo, arrived. Calm and experienced, he immediately sized up the situation since he had dealt with many emergencies. Ken instructed me to fetch a net with a long handle. He then dived into the water, slowly approaching the area where Spica was trapped. Carefully, he inserted the net into the narrow space, trying to attract Spica into it. The seal pup was panicked, twisting about and making it difficult. But Ken didn’t rush, his steady hands and comforting words attempting to calm the distressed animal. As everyone was silent, Spica raised his head, making a soft, low sound. It was a painful cry that seemed to reach our hearts. Ken persisted, adjusting the position of the net. Finally, Spica, exhausted and desperate, swam into the net. Ken lifted it out of the water gently, the crowd erupting with cheers. I thanked Ken sincerely as he carried Spica to the shore, which was shaken but unharmed, swimming freely. The boy who had cried out earlier was beaming with relief, and the whole zoo seemed to breathe a collective sigh of happiness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在儿童动物园做服务员时，负责照顾斑海豹幼崽，当作者照例带斑海豹幼崽去人造池塘游泳时，一个小男孩发现其中一只斑海豹幼崽不见了，作者意识到它可能在岩层下边，而这会给它带来危险。作者潜入水中，发现了它。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，在主动物园工作的肯来了。”可知，第一段可描写肯到达后，采取措施营救海豹幼崽Spica的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“当所有人都沉默时，Spica抬起头，发出一声轻柔而低沉的声音。”可知，第二段可描写海豹幼崽Spica成功逃脱回到安全处，观众欢呼及作者的感慨。 2.续写线索：肯到达并采取行动——救援措施及过程——Spica成功脱险——观众欢呼——作者感慨 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①处理、应对：deal with/address ②指挥：instruct/guide ③安抚：calm/reassure 情绪类 ①惊慌的：panicked/alarmed ②幸福：happiness/pleasure 【点睛】【高分句型1】He then dived into the water, slowly approaching the area where Spica was trapped.（运用了where引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】The boy who had cried out earlier was beaming with relief, and the whole zoo seemed to breathe a collective sigh of happiness.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 1-5ACBCA 6-10CBCBA 11-15 CCAAB 16-20CAACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$