Unit 2 第3课时 Section A Grammar Focus-4c（同步课件）-【上好课】2024-2025学年八年级英语下册同步精品课堂（人教版）

第3课时 Section A Grammar Focus -4c 初中英语 / 人教版 / 八年级下册 Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. 01 Review 05 Summary 03 Presentation 02 Grammar 06 Homework 04 Exercises 01 02 03 04 语言能力 思维品质 文化意识 学习能力 学习目标 掌握下列词汇： raise，midnight, alone 结合话题，能运用短语动词和不定式讨论志愿者活动。增强学生做志愿者活动和帮助他人的意识。 学会与他人合作和探究并准确使用不定式完成3a。通过小组问卷调查的方式，正确使用所学句型结构描述他人的志愿经历，感受关爱、帮助他人的重要意义。 了解短语动词的含义、类型、用法。能使用情态动词could表达建议。 掌握不定式的含义及在句中所作的成分及意义。 Review Part 01 6 Free talk If we are volunteers, we could ... visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up help to clean up the street help children with their homework ... 6 ____ ____ the parks _____ ______ the signs _____ ______ old people _____ ______ people _____ ______ food clean up put up hand out cheer up call up give out could 语气比can更委婉，可用来表示建议，意为“可以” If we are volunteers, we could … Grammar Focus I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. She volunteers there once a week to help kids lean to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school. Read the sentences and translate them. 8 我想去帮助无家可归的人。 I’d ________ ______ _______ homeless people. 2. 你可以请求医院允许你探访儿童并让他们变得更高兴。 You could ______ hospitals _____ ___ you visit the kids and cheer them up. 3. 她自愿一周去那里一次帮助孩子们学习读书。 She _________ there once a week ____ ____ kids learn to read. 4. 她决定参加一个志愿者课后阅读节目的选拔。 She _______ _______ try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. 5. 马里奥相信这会帮助他获得他的梦想工作。 Mario believes it can help him ______ ________ his future dream job. 6. 我正在制作一些告示，并将它们张贴于学校里。 I’m making some signs ______ ______ ______ around the school. like to help ask to let volunteers to help decided to to get to put up Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus. 9 Grammar Part 02 Grammar Focus What did you find out? I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. She volunteers there once a week to help kids lean to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school 动词不定式的结构和用法 一、含义：动词不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成，没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语。也称为非谓语动词，是为了避免简单句中产生两个谓语。动词不定式的肯定形式是“to do sth.”，否定形式是“not to do sth.”。本单元重点学习不定式作宾语的用法。 11 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 二、动词不定式的用法 1、【作主语】：一般位于句首，谓语动词用单数形式。 为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，往往用it 代替不定式作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。 例：保持健康很重要。 It’s very important to keep healthy. 不定式常出现在一些及物动词后，构成动词短语。 如want to, plan to, agree to, learn to, decide to 等。 例：他告诉我如何去那里。 He told me how to go there. 2、【作宾语】：主语+谓语 + to do 另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”。 3、【作宾语补足语】：主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ to do 动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作常，接不定式作宾语补足语的词有tell, ask, want, teach, allow,promise, order, advise, expect, wish, invite, encourage 等。 例：爸爸承诺我这个周末带我去游乐场。 Dad promised me to the fun park this weekend. 但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词, 其不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，help后的不定式可省略to，也可以带上to。 eg：Lily经常帮助我学习数学。Lily often helps me (to) learn math. 一感(feel)二听(listen to, hear) 三让(let, make, have )四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help) (即在动词 help 后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无)”。 4、【作目的状语】 动词不定式可表示某一动作或状态的目的， 位于句首或句尾。 例：她提高了她的声音，以便听得更好。 She raised her voice to be heard better． 他停下来休息。 He stopped to have a rest. 5、【作结果状语】 动词不定式表示某种结果， 例：他已经足够大可以去上学了。 He is old enough to go to school. 他醒来发现大家都走了 He woke up to find everybody gone. Grammar Focus What did you find out? I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school I’d like to do sth. 动词不定式作宾语 decide to do 动词不定式作宾语 ask sb. to do 不定式作宾语补足语 let sb. do 省to的不定式作宾语补足语 help sb. to do 动词不定式作宾语补足语 volunteer…to do 不定式to help作目的状语 help sb. do 省to的动词不定式learn作宾语补足语 learn to do 不定式to read作动词learn的宾语 make…to do 不定式作定语，修饰名词signs. 16 小试牛刀 1.I always tell my students_on the road because it’s really dangerous. A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play 2. –I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? --I haven’t decided where ____. A. go B. went C. going D. to go 3. – I didn’t hear you come in just now. -- That’s good. We tried ___ any noise, A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making 4. Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates__ dancing with her. A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice √ √ √ √ 根据提示完成下列句子。 1. I want _________ (become) a policeman one day. 2. He wants the students _____ (eat) well. 3. The teacher made his students _____(come) into the meeting room on time. 4. The boy was free _____ (go) where he liked. 5. Nobody tells him what _____ (do) next. to become to eat come to go to do Grammar Focus What did you find out? I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. She volunteers there once a week to help kids lean to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school 短语动词的结构和用法 一、短语动词的含义：短语动词是指英语中有些______和其他词类一起连用,构成一个固定____, 可看成一个整体, 相当于一个单独的______, 这种组合被称为短语动词。 动词 短语 动词 19 动词 +副词 ①可看作及物动词，名词作宾语时，可位于动词与副词之间或副词之后；代词作宾语时；只能位于动词与副词之间。 ②有的也可看作不及物动词。 cheer up 振奋起来 give up 放弃 clean up 打扫干净 put off 推迟 take away 拿走 fix up 修理 turn down 调低；拒绝 20 动词+副词+介词 相当于及物动词， 宾语位于介词之后。 catch up with 赶上 come up with 想出 look forward to 期望 run out of 用完，耗尽 21 动词 + 名词 + 介词 相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语位于介词之后。 make fun of 取笑 make use of 利用 pay attention to 注意 take care of 照顾 make friends with 与…交往 22 Presentation Part 03 4a Fill in the blanks with phrasal verbs in the box. 1. I want to_______ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. I’m too busy with my studies this year. 2. She hopes to__________ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs. put up hand out call up cheer up come up with give out put off put off call up 24 4a Fill in the blanks with phrasal verbs in the box. 3. Our class is trying to____________ some ideas to_________ sick children because they are often sad. 4. We decided to _________signs around the school and_________ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will_________ the money from the sale to homeless people. come up with cheer up put up hand out give out put up hand out call up cheer up come up with give out put off 25 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. help move do make visit spend Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs _________ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what_______ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do__________ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way __________ our free time. For example, we can make plans_________ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year __________ to anotherplace，like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there to do to help to make to spend to visit to move 定语 宾语(疑问词+不定式作宾语) 目的状语 定语 目的状语 目的状语 4b 26 4c Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives. I’d like to volunteer __________________________________. 2. At 12:00 midnight, I called my friend _____________________________________. 3. I’m very busy but I could help _____________________________________. 4. Summer vacation is coming, and I want ______________________________________. 5. I want to travel alone. My parents told me (not) ______________________________________. to give out food to the homeless people to paint the house for a few hours tomorrow to give out food to the homeless people to look after my little sister not to do that because I’m too young and it is not safe 27 Exercises Part 04 Our school has _____ a sign at the gate, saying “Greet your child with a smile, not a mobile.” A. put up B. put off C. put on It’s not good for you to smoke so much. You’d better _____. A. give up it B. give them up C. give it up D. give up them My cousin volunteers in the Children’s Home. His job is to____ food and clothes. A. sell out B. work out C. hand out D. find out 单项选择 C A C 1 2 3 29 —Will Bob help me look after my pet dog when I’m away? —Of course. He won’t _____ your request. He loves animals a lot. A. put down B. write down C. turn down D. take down John didn’t get the job he wanted. Let’s go and _____. A. turn him down B. call him back C. cheer him up D. let him down Mother asks me _____ Enlgish every morning. A. read B. to read C. reading D. no read C C B 4 5 6 30 Michael visits many websites _____ about Chinese culture. A. learn B. learned C. to learn —Please stay with me this weekend. —I’m sorry, but my father and I planned _____ Beijing a long time ago. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited —Julia, your mobile phone is ringing. —Wait a minute. It’s dangerous _____ it while crossing the street. A. answering B. answer C. to answer C C C 7 8 9 31 Summary Part 05 短语动词 类型及用法 相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后 相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词，宾语位于介词后 相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语(须位于介词后) 可看作及物动词，名词可位于之间或之后，代词只能位于中间 有的也可看作不及物动词 动词+介词 动词+副词 动词+副词+介词 动词+名词+介词 33 Summary 动词不定式 want, refuse, forget; need, try, learn; choose, agree, help; hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start 形式：to+动词原形(to有时省略)，否定：not to+动词原形 没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语 概述 用法 作宾语 谓语动词用单数 ask, tell, want, teach, wish, help, warn, invite, encourage 作宾补 作目的状语 作定语 作表语 作主语 可放句首，一般用逗号隔开，也可放句尾 通常放在所修饰词之后 34 Homework Part 06 Homework Have to do 背诵并默写Grammar Focus中的句子。 课下补充本节课语法知识点。 3. 预习SectionB1a-1e,自默单词，描述1c的图片内容。 Choose to do 背诵或复述4b。 36 感谢观看 Thank you Lavf58.29.100 $$null