一般现在时&现在进行时(课件)-2024-2025学年人教PEP版英语六年级下册
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内容正文:
一般现在时&现在进行时
定义、特点、用法
特点:
表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
动词形式较为固定,当主语是第三人称单数时,动词要加“s”或“es”,其他人称用动词原形。
用法:
1.表示日常习惯、爱好、行为等,如“I play basketball every week.”(我每周都打篮球)。
2. 描述客观事实、真理等,如“Two plus two equals four.”(二加二等于四)。
3.表示主体的性格、能力等,如“She is very kind.”(她很善良)。
4. 讲述时间表、日程安排等,如“The class begins at eight.”(课八点开始)。
5.在一些条件、时间状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来,如“When he comes, I will tell him.”(当他来的时候,我会告诉他)。
动词原型变三单的变化规则
1. 一般情况下,直接在动词后加“s”,如:like-likes,work-works。
s:pass-passes,miss-misses
4. 特殊变化,如:have-has。
2. 以 s,x,o,ch,sh 结尾的动词,加“es”,如:
3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,把“y”变为“i”,再加“es”,如:study-studies,fly-flies。
以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,在词尾直接加“s”,如:play-plays,buy-buys.
sh:wash-washes,brush-brushes
ch:teach-teaches,watch-watches
o:do-does,go-goes
x:fix-fixes,mix-mixes
标志词
1.频度副词类:always usually often sometimes never
2.every+时间构成的短语:every day,every year ,every month......
3.on+时间构成的短语:on Sunday/Monday......
4.in+早中晚:in the morning/afternoon/evening
5.频次短语:once/twice/three times a day/week/month
句型结构
含be动词
1.肯定句:主语+be+其他 例:He is a teacher.
2.否定句:主语+be+not+其他 例:He is not a teacher.
3.一般疑问句:Be+主语+其他? 例:Is he a teacher?
Yes,主语+be. Yes,he is.
No,主语+be+not. No,he is not.
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+Be+主语+其他?
含实义动词(do)
1.肯定句:主语+do/does+其他
例:I make my bed.
She looks at the clouds.
2.否定句:主语+do/does+not+动词原型+其他
例:I don’t make my bed.
She doesn’t look at the clouds.
3.一般疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词原型+其他
Yes,主语+do/does. No,主语+do/does+not.
例:Do you make your bed? Yes,I do. No,I do not.
Does she look at the clouds? Yes,she does. No,she does not.
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+do?
例:What do you do ?
What does she do ?
常见的缩写形式
I'm = I am(我是) he's = he is(他是) she's = she is(她是)
it's = it is(它是) we're = we are(我们是) you're = you are(你是)
they're = they are(他们是) that's = that is(那是) there's = there is(有)
here's = here is(这儿有) isn't = is not(不是) aren't = are not(不是)
wasn't = was not(不是过去式) weren't = were not(不是过去式)
can't = can not(不能) don't = do not(不)
doesn't = does not(第三人称单数的不) didn't = did not(过去式的不)
let's = let us(让我们) who's = who is(谁是) what's = what is(什么是)
where's = where is(哪儿是) how's = how is(怎样是)
when's = when is(何时是)
现在进行时
目录
1.定义,构成,用法
2.标志词
3.句型结构
4.动词变ing的变化规则
定义、构成、用法
01
定义:
1.表示现在正在进行的动作。
2.表示现阶段正在进行或从事的动作。
用法:
1.表示说话时正在进行的动作,如“Listen! Birds are singing.”
2.表示现阶段正在进行着的动作,如“We're looking for a house .”
3.表示当前的动向,如“She is resembling her mother more and more as the years go by.”
4. 表示事先计划好的动作(指将来),如“I'm getting married tomorrow.”
5.重复的动作,如“She's always helping people.”
构成:be doing
现在进行时
表示现在正在进行或发生的动作
含义
I am writing a letter.
They are watching TV.
Bob is sitting in a chair.
swimming
cooking
making
I am writing a letter.
They are watching TV.
Bob is sitting in a chair.
肯定句:主语+be动词(am/is/are)+现在分词(ing)+其它。
以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去e,再加ing
一般动词直接在词尾加ing
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写最后的辅音字母,再加ing
I am writing a letter.
They are watching TV.
Bob is sitting in a chair.
否定句:主语+be动词(am/is/are)+not+现在分词(ing)+其它。
I am not writing a letter.
They are not watching TV.
Bob is not sitting in a chair.
I am writing a letter.
Bob is sitting in a chair.
一般疑问句: be动词(am/is/are)+主语+现在分词(ing)+其他?
Are you writing a letter ?
—Yes,I am. /No,I am not.
Is Bob sitting in a chair?
Yes,he is./No, he isn’t.
I am writing a letter.
Bob is sitting in a chair.
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
What are you doing?
What is Bob doing?
现在进行时标志性的词语:在表示现在(说话时)正在进行或发生的动作。常与now(现在),today(今天)等表示现在的时间状语连用,或句首有Look/Listen!等。
I am writing a letter.
Bob is sitting in a chair.
now.
Look,
标志词
02
1.表示说话时正在进行的动作:now listen look等
2.表示现阶段正在进行着的动作:at present(目前),this week(本周),these days(这几天)
4.重复的动作:always(表示屡次),repeatedly(再三地),forever(老是、不断地)
3. 表示事先计划好的动作(指将来):
arrive(到达),come(到来),go(走、离去),leave(离开),get(得到)
句型结构
03
肯定句:主语 + be + doing+其他
例:We are watching TV. 我们正在看电视。
特殊疑问句:What+ be+ 主语 + doing? (回答:主语 + be + doing+其他)
例:What are you doing? 你们正在做什么?
We are watching TV. 我们正在看电视。
一般疑问句:Be+ 主语 + doing+其他?(回答:Yes,主语 + be./No,主语+be not.)
例: Are you watching TV? 他们在看电视吗?
Yes,we are. No,we are not
否定句:主语 + be + not +doing+其他
例:We are not watching TV. 我们没有看电视。
动词变ing的变化规则
04
1.直接加ing:go→going、ask →asking、look→looking
3.末尾为一元加一辅,双写辅音字母加ing:
get→getting、sit→sitting、put→putting
run→running、swim→swimming、begin→beginning、
shop→shopping
2.以不发音的字母e结尾,去e加ing:
have →having 、take→taking、make→making、write→writing
4.以ie结尾的动词,改ie为y加ing:
lie→lying,die→dying,tie→tying
be动词的用法
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is连着他(he),她(she),它(it)。
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。
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