Module 1—基础知识、练习及语法-2024-2025学年外研版英语八年级下册

外研社八下Module 1 一、Unit 1 基础知识及练习 1.look短语 look around环顾； look after 照顾； look for 寻找； look at 看； look on旁观； look through浏览； look over 检查； look out照料，当心； look up查阅； look like看起来像； look up to 钦佩，仰慕； look forward to 期待； 【拓展】辨析look，see，watch与read ①look：强调“看”的动作；作系动词表示“看起来”；也可作名词，意为“看，外表”。 ②see：强调“看”的结果(看见)，也可表示“理解、明白”，常见搭配： see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事的全过程； see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事。 ③watch：强调“聚精会神地看，注视”；也可作为名词，意为“手表”。 常见搭配：watch TV/the game 看电视/比赛 ④read：强调“读，阅读”。 常见搭配：read a book/newspaper 看书/报纸 练习题： 1.I have two tickets. Could you the football game with me? 2.In spring, we can lots of colorful flowers and green trees in the mountains. 3.You should the passage loudly in order to make yourself heard. 4. ! The clock has stopped. Maybe there is something wrong with it. 5.When Mary (read) an interesting story, she wants to share it with Tom. 6.I saw uncle Li (wash) his car yesterday when I passed his house. 7.Look the map and tell me where Shanghai is. 8.My grandmother lives with my parents. They look her every day. 9.You can look the dictionary to get the meaning of the new word “thirsty”. 10.I usually look the newspapers to see what is going on around us. 11.Have you seen John? The English teacher is looking him everywhere. 12.Look for the cars when your cross the road. 13.You shouldn’t look down him just because he is a cleaner. 14.We look forward a successful future together. 2.would like句型 · would like作“想要，愿意”讲时，常用于口语中，语气平和、委婉。would常与主语缩写为“’d”的形式，如I would=I’d，he would=he’d等。 · 常用的句型结构： ①would like sth. (名词或代词作宾语)想要某物； ②would like to do sth. 想要做某事； ③would like sb. to do sth. 希望/想要某人做某事。 · 拓展：辨析would like，want与feel like ①would like和want 后接名词、不定式或复合宾语； ②feel like后接名词或动词-ing形式； ③would like比want语气委婉。 · 练习题： 1.Tom brought a new soccer just now. Would you like (play) it with us? 2.Lastly, I would like (ask) about your future plans. 3.I’d to tell you about a new service which we are offering. 4.I don’t feel like (eat) anything now. I think I am a little uncomfortable. 5.I just wanted (know) if everything was all right. 3.afraid形容词，意为“害怕；畏惧”。常用结构如下： ①be afraid to do sth. 因害怕而不敢去做某事； ②be afraid of (doing) sth. 担心(做)某事(出现某种不良后果)； ③be afraid+that从句 担心......，害怕......”。 练习题： 1.The little boy was afraid (speak) to anyone because of his poor pronunciation. 2.He seldom answered the teacher’s questions in the past because he was afraid of (make) mistakes. 3.She was afraid falling down or getting hurt in such a snowy day, so she preferred to stay at home. 4.This bus doesn’t go to the train station. I’m afraid you’ll have to take off at the library and take the A52. 4.try的用法 · try to do sth. 意为“尽力、设法做某事”，强调付出一定的努力。 · try doing sth. 意为“尝试做某事”，但不一定付出很大努力。 · 其他搭配：①try on 试穿；②try out 实验；③try one’s best尽某人最大努力； · try作名词，固定短语：have a try 试一试。 练习题： 1.Please try (finish) the work in thirty minutes. 2.She tried (wash) her hair with a new shampoo. 3.We should try (we) best to study hard for both our country and our future. 4.She doesn’t get angry even if someone (try) to make fun of her. 5.Try some of my suggestions, and let me know what you think. 6.I try this beautiful overcoat, but it is too tight. 7.I think you’d better have try to work out the math problem. 5.busy的用法 busy为形容词，意为“忙碌的，无暇的”。busy的常考结构： ①be busy doing sth.忙着做某事；②be busy with sth .忙于某事。 练习题： 1.The workers are busy (fix) windows of the new building these days. 2.They are busy (prepare) for the picnic on the next Sunday. 3.Some students might be busy summer camps and all kinds of courses. 6.sure的用法 与sure有关的常见短语如下： ①be sure of/about，“确信......，对......有把握”，后接名词。 ②be/make sure to do，“一定，肯定”，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断。 ③be/make sure+ that从句，“肯定，有把握”，主语是人。 ④make sure of，确保，确定，弄清。 ⑤for sure，确实，毫无疑问地。 练习题 1.Be sure (tell) your sister about the exam. I think she must want to know. 2.If you have questions about what you do, make sure (ask) me. 3.Thank you. I just want to be sure that if she (come) to my party. 4.The teacher is sure his ill students pass the exam. 5.You’re always sure a warm welcome and good service there. 6.I think he’ll be back on Monday afternoon, but I can’t say sure. 7.There aren’t many tickets left for the concert, you’d better sure that you get one today. 7.感叹句 基础知识 常考What和How引导的感叹句结构 1.what引导： ①What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+(主语+谓语)! 例：What a beautiful present (it is)! 多么漂亮的一个礼物啊! ②What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+(主语+谓语)! 例：What interesting books (they are)! 多么有趣的一些书啊! ③What+形容词+不可数名词+(主语+谓语)! 例：What nice music (it is)! 多么美妙的音乐啊! 2.how引导： ①How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语! 例：How delicious the food is in Hong Kong! 香港的食物多么美味啊! How well he plays the violin! 他小提琴拉得多好啊! ②How+形容词+a/an +可数名词单数(主语+谓语)! 例：How beautiful a girl (she is)! 多么漂亮的一个女孩啊! ③How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数(主语+谓语)! 例：How interesting a film (it is)! 多么有趣的一部电影啊! ④How+主语+谓语! 例：How time flies! 时间过得真快啊! 练习题： 1.-- exciting the speech about “Belt and Road” was! --Of course! It was a really great inspiration to the world. A.How B.What C.How a D.What an 2.-- weather it is! Shall we go for a picnic? --I can’t agree more. A.What a good B.What good C.How good the D.How good 3.The self-driving plane proves to be useful in many ways. smart invention it is! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 4. interesting person our English teacher is! A.How B.What C.What an D.What a 5.--It is reported that a kind of new smart phone can test the air quality (质量) around you. -- fast the technology develops! A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 6.-- exciting news it is! The museum has opened to the public! --So it is.We plan to go there this summer holiday. A.What an B.What C.How D.How a 二、Unit 1 基础知识及练习 1.Thank you for...句型 · Thank you for...=Thanks for... 意为“因...而感谢你”；for为介词，后接感谢的原因(名词、代词或动名词等)； · 该句型的常见答语为：You are welcome./That’s all right./My pleasure./It’s my pleasure./Not at all.等。 【拓展】thanks to的用法： thanks to 意为“多亏，幸亏，由于”，和because of意思相近，表示由于某个人或物的存在才有了某种好的结果。to是介词，其后接感谢的对象(名词、代词或动名词等)。 例：Thanks to your help, I could finish the task on time. 多亏你的帮助，我才能按时完成任务。 练习题： 1.Thank you for (tell) me the truth of which is very important for me. 2.Thank you for your (invite). I had a very good time at the charity show. 3.Thank you supporting the volunteer project. We have raised enough money to build a library for the children in this school. 4.Thanks to (she), my little sister came back to her life. 5.Thanks our government, we can play sports on the new playground next week. 2.hear，listen与sound · hear：意为“听到，听见”，强调听的结果。常用搭配： ①hear of/about 听说； ②hear sb. do sth.听到某人做某事(全过程)； ③hear from... 收到......的来信； ④hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事。 · listen：意为“倾听”，不及物动词，强调听的动作。常用搭配：listen to 听......。 · sound：连系动词，意为“听起来”，常接形容词作表语。常用搭配：sound like 听起来像。 练习题： 1.I’m fond of to classical music. 2.I often Jim play the guitar in his room. 3.It like a wonderful idea to me, does it really work? 4.This plan great on surface, but actually it is difficult to begin. 5.Listen! I can hear someone (cry) in the room. 6.Thank you for your time. We hope to hear you soon. 3.辨析spend，pay，cost与take · spend：主语为“人”，常用搭配：①sb. spend(s)/spent+时间/钱+(in) doing sth. ②sb. spend(s)/spent+时间/钱+on sth. · pay：主语为“人”，sb. pay(s)/paid+钱+for (doing) sth. · cost：主语为“物”，sth. cost(s)/cost+sb.+钱. · take：主语为形式主语“it”，It take(s)/took+sb.+时间+to do sth. 练习题： 1.It the tourists nearly three hours to climb the mountain last weekend. 2.Though she was a little girl, she for the hotel rooms all by herself. 3.Most of her life was in caring for others. 4.I didn’t buy this new kind of TV because it too much. 5.The government is spending plenty of money (build) the countryside. 6.My brother likes traveling in spare time and he (spend) much money on it. 7.If you want to get the book, you must pay it first. 4.enjoy的用法 enjoy意为“享受，喜欢，欣赏”，为及物动词，相当于like...very much或be interested in...。主要用法如下： ①enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，后接动名词作宾语； ②enjoy sth.喜欢某物，后接名词或代词作宾语； ③enjoy oneself玩得高兴，相当于have a good time/have fun。 练习题： 1.My friend Jack enjoys (play) football with his friends on weekends. 2.Tom enjoys (take) photos. He always goes out with his camera. 3.I went to the computer museum with my parents. We enjoyed (we) and learned a lot. 4.I really (enjoy) the film from start to finish, and it made me moved. 5.Linda went hiking last weekend, and she enjoyed (she). 5.辨析proud与pride · proud，形容词，意为“自豪的，骄傲的”，常用搭配： ①be proud of (doing) sth./sb. 为(做)某事/某人感到自豪； ②be proud to do sth. 做某事很自豪； ③be proud+that从句，......很自豪。 · pride，名词，意为“自豪，骄傲”，常用搭配： ①the pride of ......的骄傲/自豪；②take pride in 为......感到自豪。 练习题： 1.Yuan Longping is a great scientist, and all the Chinese are (pride) of him. 2.The brave boy is the (proud) of his parents. 3.No matter what problems we meet, we should try to solve them, and even though we fail, teachers and parents are proud us. 4.Tom is the of his parents and they are always of him. 5.Help your child set her own goals, and shell learn to take pride herself. 6.good短语小结 · be good at：“擅长......”。 ①be good at sth./doing sth. =do well in sth./doing sth. 擅长做某事。 ②反义词组：be weak/poor in/at sth./doing sth. 在某方面或做某事方面差/弱。 · be good for：“对……有好处”；其反义词组：be bad for，对......有害/坏处。 · be good to：“对......友好”。同义短语：be kind/friendly to，后跟名词或代词。 · be good with：“善于应付......；对......有办法”，后面常接表示人的名词或代词。 练习题： 1.Little Lucy is good at (play) the piano. She has won five prizes in the international competition. 2.Some people say that watching English movies is good English learners. It may be true. 3.Linda is an outgoing girl, and she is good kids and helps them with English and sports. 4.Everyone likes the person who is good cooperating with others. This will make everyone pull together. 5.My friends were good me when I was ill. I was deeply moved by them. 6.Eating too much fast food and fried food is bad their health. 7.We should always be friendly those in need and try our best to help them. 7.询问他人看法 · “What do you think of...”句型是用于询问他人看法的句型，think of在该句型中意为“认为”； · “What do you think of...”与“How do you like...”同义，意为“你认为......怎么样?” · 句式结构：What do/ does +主语+think of ...? = How do/ does +主语+like...? =How do/ does +主语+feel about...? 练习题：1.What do your parents think of the story book? [改写为同义句] ? 2.-- talk shows? --They’re boring. I can’t stand them. A.How do you think of B.What do you like C.Do you like D.What do you think of 三、Unit 3 基础知识及练习 1.What does your mom look like? · 询问某人外貌特征：What do/does +主语+look like?，意为“某人长什么样？” 回答：“主语+be+描述人外貌的adj.” 或 “主语+have/has+名词.” · look like意为“ ”； · like为 （介词/动词），意为 “ ”。 例：--What does Linda look like? 琳达长什么样子？ --She is tall and think. 她又高又瘦。 【拓展】： · “What is sb. like?”意为“某人怎么样?”，常用来对某人的性格、品行等内在特征提问。 例：--What is your mother like? 你的妈妈是怎样的一个人？ --She is tall and beautiful. And she’s very kind. 她又高又漂亮，而且很善良。 · “What does sb. like?”意为“某人喜欢什么?”，常用来询问某人的喜好。 例：--What does Daniel like? 丹尼尔喜欢什么? --He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。 练习题： 1.-- does your new friend look like? --He is tall with short blonde hair and big blue eyes. A.How B.Who C.What D.Where 2.-- ? --She has big eyes and a small nose. A.How old is she B.What does she do C.What does she look like D.How is she 3.--What’s she ? --She is friendly. A.look B.look like C.like D.be like 4.--What the girl ? --Music. A.do；like B.do；likes C.does；like D.does；likes 5.Mary is thin and beautiful. (对划线部分提问) ? 6.翻译句子：迈克喜欢踢足球。 . 2.if ①if作连词，意为“如果”；引导条件状语从句，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后；当主句用一般将来时时，if 所引导的条件句用一般现在时表示将来。 ②if 作连词，还意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，可与 whether 互换使用。 练习题： ①If Nancy (pass) the exam, she (go) to Australia for English study. ②If it tomorrow, we home. A.rain；stay B.rains；stay C.will rain；will stay D.rains；will stay 单元语法拓展——动词的语态 1.常考被动语态的构成 ①一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done； 例：The tea is planted on sides of mountains by farmers. 茶叶由农民种在山边。 ②一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done； 例：The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. 电话是由亚历山大·格兰汉姆·贝尔发明的。 ③一般将来时的被动语态：will/shall/be going to+be+done； 例：The bridge will be finished in a month. 这座桥将在一个月后竣工。 ④含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done 例：Teenagers should not be allowed to smoke. 不应该允许青少年吸烟。 ⑤现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+done 例：The door has been painted already. 门已经被漆过了。 2.如何判断使用被动语态 ①主语是人，强调突出动作的承受者。 例：When I got to the cinema, I was told that there was no ticket. 当我到达电影院时，我被告知没票了。 ②主语为物，即将物提至句首，没有必要强调说出是谁。 例：These books are written for children. 这些书是为孩子们写的。 ③动作的执行者是泛指。 例：Thousands of trees are planted every year. 人们每年种植成千上万棵树。 ④出于礼貌措辞等原因不愿意说出动作的执行者。 例：You are invited to a party at eight o’clock tomorrow evening. 你(们)被邀请参加明天晚上八点的聚会。 ⑤有必要指出动作的执行者时，用by+人(指动作的执行者)。 例：We are all shocked by the news of his sudden death. 他突然离世的消息使我们都感到震惊。 3.主动结构表被动意义的情况 ①open，lock，write，read，sell，clean，watch，cut，bum，drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。 例：This kind of shirts sells well here. 这种样式的衬衫在这里卖得很好。 ②look，sound，taste，smell等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。 例：Mooncakes taste delicious. 月饼尝起来很好吃。 ③be worth doing sth.用主动形式表被动意义。 例：This book is worth reading. 这本书值得读一读。 ④sth. requires doing 用主动结构表被动意义。 例：The old bike requires repairing. 这辆旧自行车需要修理一下。 练习题 1.As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese in more and more schools out of our country. A.teaches B.is taught C.has taught D.was taught 2.More chances for students to learn from each other if working in groups. A.provide B.are provided C.provided D.will provide 3.--Lily, will you go to Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday? --I’m not sure. Because I so far. A.haven’t invited B.wasn’t invited C.haven’t been invited D.will be invited 4.Father had his car (repair) in the 4S shop last week. 5.Don’t pour the (pollute) water everywhere or you’ll be punished. 6.A letter will (send) to you by the boss in one or two weeks. 7. Our classroom (clean) by students every afternoon. 8.Chinese (speak) by more and more people around the world now. 9.This book is very popular, and it has (translate) into many languages so far. 10.A new international airport (complete) in the city next year. 11.Look at the picture. The top five TV plays (list) in it. 12.Look at the trees on both sides of the street. They (plant) last spring. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$