精品解析：广东省广州市海珠区广州市第六中学2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题

2024级高一上学期英语期末考试 本试卷共11页，101小题，满分150分（含3分卷面书分）。考试用时120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（满分15分） 第一节 听力理解（10*1，满分10分） 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第一段材料，回答第1至第2题。 1. What kind of students is this woman likely to teach? A. Overseas students. B. Native students. C. Exchange students. 2. When does the conversation take place? A. At the beginning of a term. B. In the middle of a term. C. At the end of a term. 听第二段材料，回答第3至第4题。 3. Which showing are the speakers late for? A. The 12:00 p.m. showing. B. The 12:10 p.m. showing. C. The 1:30 p.m. showing. 4. Who is paying for the woman’s ticket? A. Dave. B. Kate. C. Dave’s wife. 听第三段材料，回答第5至第7题。 5. What is the weather like now? A. It is windy. B. It is snowing. C. It is raining. 6. Mow did the woman get to the coffee shop? A. She took a subway. B. She drove her car. C. She walked a few blocks. 7. Why did the woman come to the cafe? A. She thought she would study well there. B. She planned to own a coffee shop someday. C. She wanted to be surrounded by other students. 听第四段材料，回答第8至第10题。 8. What is the purpose of the interview? A. To share stories. B. To offer suggestions. C. To introduce a person. 9. Why do most new college students fail? A. Spending too much time on academic activities. B. Ignoring the university’s resources. C. Falling behind other students. 10. Where does the man think students should go for help with assignments? A. The Center for Academic Success. B. Their network of friends. C. The math lab. 第二节 听取信息（5*1，满分5分） 听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，每空不超过3个词，录音播放两遍，请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中。听录音前，你将有15秒钟的阅题时间。你有60秒钟的作答时间。 The Annual Photography Competition Run by The Guardian Basic information ● Winners: see their 11 displayed in the End-of-year Exhibition for the public. ● Members of the travel writing team and photographers: 12 the monthly entries and the winners Signing up ● Living in the UK from the time you submit your entry into the competition to the time you are selected as a winner. ● Both amateurs and 13 . Prize for the winners ● An amazing trip to Swedish Lapland. ● Included in the prize: return flights from the UK, 14 accommodations with full board, and fully qualified wilderness guides and instructors. Requirement ● Winners: required to 15 of the trip. 第二部分 语言知识运用（满分12分） 第一节 单项选择（12*1，满分12分） 1. The house, on ________ door is a beautiful picture, works as a home for the guards, some of ________ are from the countryside. A. whose; whom B. which; whom C. whose; them D. where; them 2. Every means ________ they have solved the problems in that company ________ prevent the water from being polluted here. A. in which; is used to B. by which; is used to C. in which; are used to D. by which; are used to 3. When lost in his work, ________ was often the case, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. it D. as 4. Such people ________ were present at the meeting had a high regard for his new works, ________ made him proud. A. that; which B. as; which C. as; that D. that; that 5. I don’t like the way ________ he solved the problem but the very one ________ she told me. A. that; which B. which; which C. which; that D. that; that 6. It is under mounting pressure ________ the demanding academic requirement contributes to ________ he has made this deadly mistake. A. that; which B. which; which C. which; whom D. that; that 7. He has told me that he will fly to Beijing for a holiday next Sunday if his paper ________ by that time. A. has been finished B. will have been finished C. had been finished D. was finished 8. The girl ________ everybody had thought would win the game failed at last. A. whom B. whose C. who D. whoever 9. Only when________the door of the house________that he had left the key in the office. A. did he arrive at; did he realize B. he arrived at; did he realize C. did he arrive at; he realized D. he arrived at; he realized 10. Because of the limited time, we will start at the point _______ we left off yesterday. A. which B. where C. as D. when 11. There are a large number of books in our school library, many of ________ are ________. A. them; worthy of being read B. which; worth reading C. them; worthy to be read D. which; worth to read 12. Who can tell me if there is a supermarket around ________ not only ________ buy a coat of high quality for my father, but I can also taste a pleasant cup of coffee? A. that; I can B. which; can I C. where; can I D. where; I can 第三部分 阅读（满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（15*2.5，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In years past, many people would travel over New Year’s Eve and immerse themselves in a different culture. Countries around the world celebrate the new year with unique customs and traditions carried out at the celebration. Japan: Eat toshikoshi soba Shiwasu is the end-of-the-year period in Japan. To celebrate New Year’s Eve, people eat “year-crossing” soba, which can symbolize having a long and fortunate life along with a clean break from the year. However, when eaten at midnight, there’s a certain cross of the old and the new year, thus you cannot “break off” all of last year’s troubles properly but instead carry them over to the following year. Greece: Hang some onions If you’ve been cooking throughout the pandemic, maybe you have some onions around the house to spare for this tradition. In Greece, onions symbolize rebirth, so people hang them up on their doors on Dec. 31 to encourage a year of growth. Keep the Greek traditions going by baking a special cake on New Year’s Day. Hide a coin in the cake and share it with your loved ones-whoever finds the coin is said to have a year of good luck. Russia: Burn then drink your wishes After a year of ruined dreams and canceled plans, set your sights on a fresh start with this Russian tradition. Before midnight, write down your wishes on a piece of paper, then light the paper on fire. Once it’s stopped burning, spread the wish-filled ashes into a glass of champagne and drink up shortly after the clock completes striking midnight. Spain: Eat 12 grapes Perhaps the easiest tradition to carry out is eating grapes for good luck. When the clock starts striking at midnight, eat one with each ringing sound. Better if you’re wearing special New Year’s Eve underwear while eating your grapes. A pair of red underwear can bring you a new year of love, while yellow may bring joy and fortune. 13. Where is the passage more likely to be taken from? A. A news report. B. A tourism brochure. C. A scientific essay. D. A history book. 14. Which has the symbolic meaning of “Born again”? A. Soba. B. Ashes. C. Grapes. D. Onions. 15. In which country things are eaten while listening to the New Year’s bells? A. Japan. B. Russia. C. Spain. D. Greece. B I wasn’t prepared to be a climate refugee. Not after relocating my family from drought and wildfire California to the “climate shelter” of Asheville, N.C. But less than two months after we moved into our delightfully wooded, mild-weather community, we were forced to leave. On September 26, the hurricane made its way inland from the Gulfof Mexico through Florida, Georgia and South Carolina. Along its path, it tore apart community after community. And then it hit western Appalachia. At 2,000 feet above sea level and 300 miles from the coast, Asheville is a place where people went to get away from destructive hurricanes. That night, I couldn’t sleep. Trees crashed down around my home as emergency alerts sounded on my phone. Power lines went down. Roads flooded. Despite being within a mile of the French Broad River, we were not told to evacuate (撤离) ahead of the storm. In the morning, after it seemed the worst had passed, a large pine tree crashed onto the roof directly above my young son’s bedroom while he was playing with LEGOs. He was thankfully unharmed, but it drove home the severity of what was happening around us. My young daughter held me tightly saying over and over, “I’m scared.” It was hard to get information about what was going on across Asheville. Within hours, we lost power, Internet and even cell service. A neighbor told me we could get information on the radio, so I sat in my car to listen to the local radio station’s updates. That’s how I learned that the water wasn’t safe to drink. The treatment plant was under eight feet of water and the distribution pipes had washed away. When we heard it would take weeks or longer to restore basic services, I made plans for my family to leave town. We were lucky — we lived near the one highway that was open, and had a full tank of gas and a place to go. So on Sunday we left Asheville to stay with family on the Outer Banks. 16. The author moved to Asheville, N.C. to _______. A. get closer to the Gulf of Mexico B. find a new job in South Carolina C. live near the French Broad River D. flee California’s drought and wildfire 17. What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph mean? A. The family realized the pleasure of playing with LEGOs. B. The family decided to stay in the house despite the danger. C. The family felt alarmed at the sight of the tree crashing down. D. The family became more at ease about the situation at that time. 18. What can be inferred from paragragh 5? A. Timely access to information is important during a disaster. B. The treatment plant is supposed to be built deep underwater. C. People must depend on neighbors for survival in a disaster. D. Protecting water resources promotes a sense of community. 19. What is the best title of the passage? A. Consequences of a hurricane B. Measures against the disaster C. A new beginning in Asheville D. An account of a climate refugee C A recent study has discovered that gentle sound stimulation, referred to as pink noise, could enhance deep sleep among older adults and strengthen their word recall abilities. Deep sleep is critical for memory consolidation. But beginning in middle age, it decreases considerably, contributing to memory loss in aging. The sound stimulation significantly enhanced deep sleep in participants and their scores on a memory test. This innovative approach offers a simple and safe means to potentially enhance memory among older individuals and mitigate the natural age-related memory decline. A team of researchers from the Northwestern University in the US gathered 13 adults aged 60 and above, monitoring their sleep in a lab for two nights. On both nights, the participants underwent a memory test, went to bed while wearing headphones and a special cap, and took the memory test again in the morning. But without the participants’ awareness, researchers only played pink noise into the headphones on one night. More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations (振荡). During deep sleep, brain waves slow to approximately one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness. The system they employed in the study allowed the team to deliver a low burst of pink noise at the “precise moment” when the participants’ slow waves rose — a pattern that is unique to each person. The study found that participants’ slow waves increased after the night of sound stimulation, suggesting a potential enhancement in their deep sleep quality. And in the morning after hearing pink noise, they performed three times better on memory tests than they did after sleeping without any sound stimulation. The study was a relatively small one and Northwestern has taken steps to confirm its findings and to study how longer-term use of pink noise affects sleep. The team aims to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds. 20. What did the study reveal about the impact of pink noise? A. It disturbs overall sleep quality. B. It boosts memory performance. C. It increases the length of sleep. D. It weakens word recall abilities. 21. What does the underlined word “mitigate” probably means? A. Worsen. B. Notice. C. Decrease. D. Describe. 22. What can be learned about the new study? A. It adjusted participants’ slow-wave oscillations precisely. B. It employed a sound system to match slow-wave oscillations. C. It compared different sound effects on the elderly and the youth. D. It played various sorts of pink noises into participants’ headphones. 23. What can be inferred about the approach used in the study? A. It has the potential to be put into practice. B. It is affordable for a small number of people. C. It requires an innovative and affordable device. D. It lacks researchers’ interest in confirming findings. D In America, the “Big Dig”, a highway project that resulted in a mess of traffic in the centre of Boston for years, came in five times over its initial budget. Even the Germans get huge projects wrong. Conception to operation of Berlin Brandenburg Airport has taken 30 years, with seven missed opening dates. The airport ended up costing $8.2 billion. However, the original estimate was about $2.7 billion. Huge projects like Berlin Brandenburg Airport are the subject of an amusing new book called How Big Things Get Done by Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner. Mr. Flyvbjerg sets up a database of over 16, 000 projects and data analysis reveals that only 8.5% of the projects meet their initial estimates on cost and time, and 0.5% of them achieve what they set out to do on cost, time and benefits. Over-optimistic time and cost estimates originate from both psychological and political perceptions: the reliance on intuition (直觉) rather than data, and a problem that Mr. Flyvbjerg calls “strategic misrepresentation”. This is when budgets are intentionally reduced in order to get things going. And once the projects are under way, they will not be stopped, because money spent on them will thus be wasted. Mr. Flyvbjerg speaks highly of Pixar’s methodical approach to developing and testing films in great detail before they go into production. He also tells the story of how Frank Gehry’s well-developed architectural models helped ensure the success of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao. Narrowing down the producing window of a project before it is actually carried out reduces the probability of unexpected events. Big customized projects are particularly likely to run into trouble. However, the more a project can be divided into standardized processes, the better its prospects are. Projects run into problems for specific reasons as well as general ones: Britain’s trouble is not something that China has to worry about, for instance. But the iron law is that if you plan strictly and standardize where possible, you are less likely to dig yourself into a hole. 24. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By making a contrast. B. By giving an explanation. C. By presenting examples. D. By showing an experience. 25. What message does Bent Flyvbjerg’s data analysis convey? A. Projects’ success rates can be estimated. B. Projects’ desired outcome can’t be achieved. C. Most projects suffer overspending and delays. D. Most projects lack comprehensive data analysis. 26. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Failures in decision-making. B. Methods of reducing massive costs. C. Strategies for getting work done. D. Reasons behind inaccurate estimates. 27. What is the key to preventing projects getting into trouble? A. Planning thoroughly in advance. B. Analyzing specific and general reasons. C. Focusing on efficiency of projects. D. Drawing lessons from former experiences. 第二节 阅读填空（5*2.5，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the freezing cold winter, air conditioners and heaters work overtime. The satisfaction of feeling a warm breeze against your skin is an amazing experience. ___28___ What are to blame are often the inefficient home appliances you have. Luckily, there are smart home appliances that can alleviate this burden. These appliances offer many benefits, all while keeping your electric bill manageable. ___29___ Smart lighting systems can detect activity in an area and adjust illumination accordingly, providing energy efficiency. In terms of security, smart door locks offer peace of mind by automatically securing your home when you leave. And smart appliances can do more. From floor-cleaning robots to smart laundry systems these appliances are equipped with advanced sensors. They make household chores effortless, leaving you more time for recreational activities. ___30___ You can even set a romantic mood in the living room by adjusting the smart lights and playing a romantic comedy movie on the smart TV. Now, if you’ re considering switching to smart home appliances, it’s advisable to approach this gradually. ___31___ Smart lights, switches, plugs, smart hubs, and of course, Wi-Fi are wise choices. These small items play a crucial role in your smart home setup, especially the smart hubs and the Wi-Fi. Switching from traditional and inefficient home appliances to smart ones is more than just a modern convenience. ___32___ You’re not just simplifying your daily routines but actively contributing to environmental conservation efforts. A. But it needs a greener solution. B. But the following electric bill can be a shock. C. It’s a significant step towards a sustainable future. D. Smart TVs provide many entertainment options for you to explore. E. Moreover, smart appliances extend their features beyond the chores. F. Advanced appliances can effectively manage every aspect of your household. G. As large appliances can be significant investments, it is easier to start with smaller items. 第四部分 语言运用（满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（15*1，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 UPS deliveryman Ryan Arens was making his rounds near a pond, when he heard a strange sound. It was December, and about 15 feet from the frozen bank was the ____33____ of that sound — a brown-and-white wire-haired hound（猎犬）had fallen through the thin layer of ice. An elderly man was already on the ____34____, determined to save her. He was trying to ____35____ the pond and was striking the ice with a rock to create a(n) ____36____ to the dog, but seemed to be struggling. Arens, 44, thought he ____37____ a better chance. “Animals are my weakness,” he said, explaining ____38____ he chose to take off his overcoat, even though the temperature was minus 15 and ____39____ the rescue task. After breaking the ice using the man’s rock, Arens jumped into the icy water. He surfaced in time to see the dog going under. Arens swam about five feet toward the dog, grabbed hold of her collar, and ____40____ her out of the water and onto the ice. He then put the dog into the boat and slid it back to the bank, where ____41____ bystanders carried the dog to the home of the rowboat’s owner, a retired vet. _____42_____ in the house himself, Arens jumped into a warm shower with the dog. A few more minutes in the pond, the vet told Arens, and the dog would have likely _____43_____. The next day, Arens was again making his _____44_____ in the neighborhood when the dog’s owner came _____45_____ to thank him for saving Sadie. “Would you like to meet her?” he asked. Then he opened the door of his pickup, and Sadie jumped out. She went _____46_____ toward Arens, leaping around him and kissing him. Arens said that special delivery was the _____47_____ of his UPS career. 33. A. speed B. source C. cause D. volume 34. A. scene B. way C. road D. air 35 A. bridged B. emptied C. entered D. crossed 36. A. solution B. approach C. path D. entrance 37. A. deserved B. took C. enhanced D. stood 38. A. why B. when C. how D. whether 39. A. broke in B. took over C. brought about D. drew upon 40. A. threw B. passed C. shipped D. pulled 41. A. dynamic B. indifferent C. anxious D. curious 42. A. Unless B. Once C. Since D. Until 43. A. fled B. returned C. survived D. died 44. A. living B. rounds C. trip D. activities 45. A. over B. across C. off D. about 46. A. directly B. abruptly C. casually D. friendly 47. A. exception B. caution C. highlight D. advance 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 语法填空（10*1.5，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式， Study tours are taking on the role of extracurricular social education this summer. From historic sites to picturesque natural landscapes, from technology innovation centers to traditional craft workshops, study tours are popping up in various regions across China, ____48____ (offer) grown-ups and children unique experiences combining knowledge, techniques, culture and entertainment. So far, 275 activities ____49____ (introduce) to Fujian Province, ____50____ intangible cultural heritages are rich, to boost the high-quality development of the local economy. Recently, it has launched ____51____ (various) of engaging Intangible Cultural Heritage study tours, ranging from hands-on classes on Shoushan stone carving, tea culture training courses, and herbal study camps ____52____ bamboo weaving. On the other hand, at the Yunnan Provincial Museum in Kunming, students can appreciate the biodiversity and charm of the ancient Dian kingdom. ____53____ (it) bronze artifacts cover a wide range of themes, particularly those related to animals. The abundant animal imagery in these bronze pieces ____54____ (reflect) people’s observation and respect for nature at that time. Nowadays, study tours extend to Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Chinese communities overseas, becoming ____55____ important bridge connecting the ____56____ (share) emotions and cultural identity of the Chinese nation, through which students can experience the beauty of the local landscape ____57____ the richness of culture. 第五部分 基础知识考察（满分25分） 该部分需用必修一 Unit 5/必修二 Unit 1/Unit 2/Unit 3 所学词汇短语的适当形式填空。 第一节 单词填空（15*1，满分15分） 76-80 请根据括号中的中文提示，填入单词的适当形式。 58. This article is a valuable __________ (参考) for those who are researching the history of the local area. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. He can get information from the Internet __________ (方便地) whenever he needs it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 60. The information on this website is __________ (更新) every day, so we can always get the latest news here. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 61. In the science class, the teacher asked the students to __________ (观察) the chemical reaction. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 62. The latest research result __________ (确认，使确信) the theory that regular exercise improves brain function. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 81-85请根据括号中的英文释义以及首字母提示，填入单词的适当形式。 63. He didn’t give up even after several a__________ (an act of trying to do sth, especially sth difficult). (根据首字母单词拼写) 64. We have i__________ (to find out information and facts about a subject or problem by study or research) different teaching methods to find the most effective approach for our students. (根据首字母单词拼写) 65. The new business made a good p__________ (money that you gain by selling things or doing business) in its first year. (根据首字母单词拼写) 66. She is very p__________ (very careful about what you choose or do; hard to please) when it comes to choosing gifts for others. (根据首字母单词拼写) 67. After a long conversation, his friends sincere apology finally made him feel that the mistake could be f__________ (to stop being angry with sb or about sth). (根据首字母单词拼写) 86-90请根据括号中的单词，填入单词的适当形式。 68. Her novel opens with a vivid __________ (describe) of the small town, immersing readers in its atmosphere and charm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. The author’s recent __________ (create) are celebrated for their intricate plots and deep character development. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. The designer aimed to make the living room a __________ (harmony) mix of modern and traditional elements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 71. In the past few decades, the increasing use of plastic bags __________ (threat) the ecological balance of our planet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 72. His words of encouragement were a great __________ (inspire) to the discouraged athlete. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第二节 完成句子（10*1，满分10分） 73. We should __________ __________ __________ the importance of protecting our environment from a young age, such as reducing waste and saving water. 我们应该从小就意识到保护环境的重要性，比如减少浪费和节约用水。 74. This traditional festival, __________ __________ __________ the Ming Dynasty, has been passed down for generations. 这个追溯到明朝的传统节日代代相传。 75. __________ __________ __________ you go you can always find beautiful scenery if you have a heart for discovery. 无论你去哪里，只要你有一颗善于发现的心，总能看到美丽的风景。 76. __________ __________ __________ the new fashion styles too quickly might make people lose their unique charm. 过快地向新时尚潮流让步可能会使人们失去自己独特的风格。 77. Mom always __________ __________ that the house is clean and tidy before guests arrive. 妈妈总是在客人到来之前确保房子干净整洁。 78. Last year, the researcher __________ __________ __________ the growth of the newly discovered plant species. 去年，这位研究人员跟踪记录了新发现的植物物种的生长情况。 79. Wild animals in the forest are better at __________ __________ the natural environment changes than those in the zoo. 森林里的野生动物比动物园里的动物更擅长适应自然环境的变化。 80. The students performed well even __________ __________ during the final exam. 学生们即使在期末考试的压力下也表现出色。 81. __________ __________ you have chosen this path, you should stick to it and work hard. 既然你已经选择了这条路，就应该坚持下去并努力奋斗。 82. All the students are looking forward to __________ __________ __________ various events, such as running races, long jump and high jump 所有学生都期待着参加各种各样的项目，比如赛跑、跳远和跳高。 第六部分 写作（满分15分） 83. 假如你是李华，你校本月开展“保护野生动物宣传月”活动。请你为校报的英语栏目写一篇倡议书，倡导大家保护野生动物。内容包括： 1. 野生动物数量减少的原因； 2. 保护野生动物的措施； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100个左右； 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 The decline in wildlife populations is a deeply concerning issue. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024级高一上学期英语期末考试 本试卷共11页，101小题，满分150分（含3分卷面书分）。考试用时120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（满分15分） 第一节 听力理解（10*1，满分10分） 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第一段材料，回答第1至第2题。 1. What kind of students is this woman likely to teach? A. Overseas students. B. Native students. C. Exchange students. 2. When does the conversation take place? A. At the beginning of a term. B. In the middle of a term. C. At the end of a term. 听第二段材料，回答第3至第4题。 3. Which showing are the speakers late for? A. The 12:00 p.m. showing. B. The 12:10 p.m. showing. C. The 1:30 p.m. showing. 4. Who is paying for the woman’s ticket? A. Dave. B. Kate. C. Dave’s wife. 听第三段材料，回答第5至第7题。 5. What is the weather like now? A. It is windy. B. It is snowing. C. It is raining. 6. Mow did the woman get to the coffee shop? A. She took a subway. B. She drove her car. C. She walked a few blocks. 7. Why did the woman come to the cafe? A. She thought she would study well there. B. She planned to own a coffee shop someday. C. She wanted to be surrounded by other students. 听第四段材料，回答第8至第10题。 8. What is the purpose of the interview? A. To share stories. B. To offer suggestions. C. To introduce a person. 9. Why do most new college students fail? A. Spending too much time on academic activities. B. Ignoring the university’s resources. C. Falling behind other students. 10. Where does the man think students should go for help with assignments? A. The Center for Academic Success. B. Their network of friends. C. The math lab. 第二节 听取信息（5*1，满分5分） 听下面一段独白。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，每空不超过3个词，录音播放两遍，请将本节答案写在答卷11-15的空格中。听录音前，你将有15秒钟的阅题时间。你有60秒钟的作答时间。 The Annual Photography Competition Run by The Guardian Basic information ● Winners: see their 11 displayed in the End-of-year Exhibition for the public. ● Members of the travel writing team and photographers: 12 the monthly entries and the winners. Signing up ● Living in the UK from the time you submit your entry into the competition to the time you are selected as a winner. ● Both amateurs and 13 . Prize for the winners ● An amazing trip to Swedish Lapland. ● Included in the prize: return flights from the UK, 14 accommodations with full board, and fully qualified wilderness guides and instructors. Requirement ● Winners: required to 15 of the trip. 第二部分 语言知识运用（满分12分） 第一节 单项选择（12*1，满分12分） 1. The house, on ________ door is a beautiful picture, works as a home for the guards, some of ________ are from the countryside. A. whose; whom B. which; whom C. whose; them D. where; them 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这所房子，门上有一幅美丽的画，是警卫的家，他们中的一些人来自农村。分析句式结构可知，空格处两个句子都是非限制性定语从句，因为先行词house和door之间是所属关系，所以第一空格处用关系代词whose来引导；根据第二空格处前的介词of可知，此处用关系代词whom作介词的宾语。故选A项。 2. Every means ________ they have solved the problems in that company ________ prevent the water from being polluted here. A. in which; is used to B. by which; is used to C. in which; are used to D. by which; are used to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：他们为解决那家公司的问题所采取的每一种方法都被用来防止这里的水被污染。第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词means，by和means是固定搭配，表示“以……方法”，因此应用“介词+关系代词”，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词作介词的宾语，用关系代词which，即by which引导定语从句；第二空作主句的谓语，主语Every means是单数，be动词应用is。故选B。 3. When lost in his work, ________ was often the case, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. it D. as 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：当他全神贯注于工作时，他就会忘记吃饭和睡觉，这是常有的事。as is/was often the case是固定句型，意为“这是常有的事”，是as引导的非限制性定语从句。故选D。 4. Such people ________ were present at the meeting had a high regard for his new works, ________ made him proud. A. that; which B. as; which C. as; that D. that; that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：出席会议的人对他的新作品评价很高，这使他很自豪。第一空为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系副词，先行词people前有such修饰，所以此处使用关系代词as引导定语从句；第二个空为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所此处使用关系代词，先行词指的是主句的内容，所以此处使用关系代词which 引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。 5. I don’t like the way ________ he solved the problem but the very one ________ she told me. A. that; which B. which; which C. which; that D. that; that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不喜欢他解决问题的方法，而是喜欢她告诉我的那个方法。分析句式结构可知，本句两个空格处都引导定语从句，第一空格处定语从句的先行词the way在从句中做方式状语，所以用that或in which来引导；第二空格处定语从句的先行词one在从句中作宾语，且前面有the very修饰，所以应该用关系代词that来引导。故选D项。 6. It is under mounting pressure ________ the demanding academic requirement contributes to ________ he has made this deadly mistake. A. that; which B. which; which C. which; whom D. that; that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意：在越来越大的压力下，严格的学术要求导致他犯了这个致命的错误。根据句意及所给句子可知，第一空为强调句It is/was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分，被强调部分为under mounting pressure，应用that；第二空为宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选D。 7. He has told me that he will fly to Beijing for a holiday next Sunday if his paper ________ by that time. A. has been finished B. will have been finished C. had been finished D. was finished 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他告诉我，如果他的论文在那个时候写完，他将在下周日飞往北京度假。if引导条件状语从句，主句“he will fly to Beijing for a holiday next Sunday”使用一般将来时，从句要用相应的现在时态表将来，“by that time (到那个时候)”表示截止到将来某个时间点，应用现在完成时来表示在将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作。故选A。 8. The girl ________ everybody had thought would win the game failed at last. A. whom B. whose C. who D. whoever 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大家都认为会赢得比赛的那个女孩最后输掉了比赛。“________ everybody had thought would win the game”是定语从句，everybody had thought是插入语，解题时可暂时不考虑，定语从句中缺少主语，先行词The girl是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故选C。 9. Only when________the door of the house________that he had left the key in the office. A. did he arrive at; did he realize B. he arrived at; did he realize C. did he arrive at; he realized D. he arrived at; he realized 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查部分倒装结构。句意：他走到门口才意识到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。第一空是when引导时间状语从句，句子应用陈述语序；第二空是主句部分，当only修饰的状语从句位于句首时，后面的主句使用部分倒装结构。故选B。 10. Because of the limited time, we will start at the point _______ we left off yesterday. A. which B. where C. as D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由于时间有限，我们将从昨天停止的地方开始。此处是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词point，关系词在从句作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选B。 11. There are a large number of books in our school library, many of ________ are ________. A. them; worthy of being read B. which; worth reading C. them; worthy to be read D. which; worth to read 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：我们学校图书馆有大量的书，其中许多值得一读。“many of ________ are ________”是“介词+which/whom”引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词books是物，因此第一空用which；sth. be worth doing是固定短语，意为“某物值得被做”，因此第二空是worth reading。故选B。 12. Who can tell me if there is a supermarket around ________ not only ________ buy a coat of high quality for my father, but I can also taste a pleasant cup of coffee? A. that; I can B. which; can I C. where; can I D. where; I can 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和部分倒装。句意：谁能告诉我附近有没有一家超市，那里不仅能给我父亲买到一件质量上乘的大衣，还能让我品尝到一杯香浓的咖啡？第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a supermarket，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词；从句中not only置于句首，句子需要部分倒装，情态动词can应放在主语I之前。故选C。 第三部分 阅读（满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（15*2.5，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In years past, many people would travel over New Year’s Eve and immerse themselves in a different culture. Countries around the world celebrate the new year with unique customs and traditions carried out at the celebration. Japan: Eat toshikoshi soba Shiwasu is the end-of-the-year period in Japan. To celebrate New Year’s Eve, people eat “year-crossing” soba, which can symbolize having a long and fortunate life along with a clean break from the year. However, when eaten at midnight, there’s a certain cross of the old and the new year, thus you cannot “break off” all of last year’s troubles properly but instead carry them over to the following year. Greece: Hang some onions If you’ve been cooking throughout the pandemic, maybe you have some onions around the house to spare for this tradition. In Greece, onions symbolize rebirth, so people hang them up on their doors on Dec. 31 to encourage a year of growth. Keep the Greek traditions going by baking a special cake on New Year’s Day. Hide a coin in the cake and share it with your loved ones-whoever finds the coin is said to have a year of good luck. Russia: Burn, then drink your wishes After a year of ruined dreams and canceled plans, set your sights on a fresh start with this Russian tradition. Before midnight, write down your wishes on a piece of paper, then light the paper on fire. Once it’s stopped burning, spread the wish-filled ashes into a glass of champagne and drink up shortly after the clock completes striking midnight. Spain: Eat 12 grapes Perhaps the easiest tradition to carry out is eating grapes for good luck. When the clock starts striking at midnight, eat one with each ringing sound. Better if you’re wearing special New Year’s Eve underwear while eating your grapes. A pair of red underwear can bring you a new year of love, while yellow may bring joy and fortune. 13. Where is the passage more likely to be taken from? A. A news report. B. A tourism brochure. C. A scientific essay. D. A history book. 14. Which has the symbolic meaning of “Born again”? A. Soba. B. Ashes. C. Grapes. D. Onions. 15. In which country things are eaten while listening to the New Year’s bells? A. Japan. B. Russia. C. Spain. D. Greece. 【答案】13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了不同国家庆祝新年的独特习俗和传统。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In years past, many people would travel over New Year’s Eve and immerse themselves in a different culture. Countries around the world celebrate the new year with unique customs and traditions carried out at the celebration. (在过去，许多人会在新年前夜旅行，沉浸在不同的文化中。世界各国都有各自独特的习俗和传统来庆祝新年。)” 接着介绍了日本、希腊、俄罗斯、西班牙在新年时的独特习俗，这些内容都与旅游体验不同文化相关，所以文章更可能来自旅游宣传册。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In Greece, onions symbolize rebirth, so people hang them up on their doors on Dec. 31 to encourage a year of growth. (在希腊，洋葱象征着重生，所以人们在12月31日把它们挂在门上，以鼓励一年的增长。)”可知Born again和rebirth同义，所以洋葱代表重生。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据Spain: Eat 12 grapes中的“Perhaps the easiest tradition to carry out is eating grapes for good luck. When the clock starts striking at midnight, eat one with each ringing sound. (也许最容易执行的传统是吃葡萄以求好运。当午夜钟声敲响时，每听到一声钟声就吃一个。)”可知在西班牙，人们一边听着新年的钟声一边吃东西。故选C。 B I wasn’t prepared to be a climate refugee. Not after relocating my family from drought and wildfire California to the “climate shelter” of Asheville, N.C. But less than two months after we moved into our delightfully wooded, mild-weather community, we were forced to leave. On September 26, the hurricane made its way inland from the Gulfof Mexico through Florida, Georgia and South Carolina. Along its path, it tore apart community after community. And then it hit western Appalachia. At 2,000 feet above sea level and 300 miles from the coast, Asheville is a place where people went to get away from destructive hurricanes. That night, I couldn’t sleep. Trees crashed down around my home as emergency alerts sounded on my phone. Power lines went down. Roads flooded. Despite being within a mile of the French Broad River, we were not told to evacuate (撤离) ahead of the storm. In the morning, after it seemed the worst had passed, a large pine tree crashed onto the roof directly above my young son’s bedroom while he was playing with LEGOs. He was thankfully unharmed, but it drove home the severity of what was happening around us. My young daughter held me tightly saying over and over, “I’m scared.” It was hard to get information about what was going on across Asheville. Within hours, we lost power, Internet and even cell service. A neighbor told me we could get information on the radio, so I sat in my car to listen to the local radio station’s updates. That’s how I learned that the water wasn’t safe to drink. The treatment plant was under eight feet of water and the distribution pipes had washed away. When we heard it would take weeks or longer to restore basic services, I made plans for my family to leave town. We were lucky — we lived near the one highway that was open, and had a full tank of gas and a place to go. So on Sunday we left Asheville to stay with family on the Outer Banks. 16. The author moved to Asheville, N.C. to _______. A. get closer to the Gulf of Mexico B. find a new job in South Carolina C. live near the French Broad River D. flee California’s drought and wildfire 17. What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph mean? A. The family realized the pleasure of playing with LEGOs. B. The family decided to stay in the house despite the danger. C. The family felt alarmed at the sight of the tree crashing down. D. The family became more at ease about the situation at that time. 18. What can be inferred from paragragh 5? A. Timely access to information is important during a disaster. B. The treatment plant is supposed to be built deep underwater. C. People must depend on neighbors for survival in a disaster. D. Protecting water resources promotes a sense of community. 19. What is the best title of the passage? A. Consequences of a hurricane B. Measures against the disaster C. A new beginning in Asheville D. An account of a climate refugee 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从加州搬到阿什维尔寻求气候安全，却因飓风导致被迫再次迁移的经历，反映了气候变化下人们生活的艰难与无奈。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“I wasn’t prepared to be a climate refugee. Not after relocating my family from drought and wildfire California to the ‘climate shelter’ of Asheville, N.C.(我没准备好成为气候难民。我的家人从干旱和野火肆虐的加州搬到了北卡罗来纳州阿什维尔的“气候避难所”)”可知，作者搬到北卡罗来纳州的阿什维尔是为了逃离加利福尼亚州的干旱和野火。故选D。 【17题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中提到的大松树砸到屋顶上，特别是“a large pine tree crashed onto the roof directly above my young son’s bedroom while he was playing with LEGOs(一棵大松树砸在了我小儿子卧室上方的屋顶上，而他当时正在玩乐高)”，以及随后提到的儿子未受伤但这一事件“drove home the severity of what was happening around us(让我们意识到我们周围发生的事情的严重性)”可推知，这句话意味着家人在看到树倒下的情景时感到惊恐。故选C。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“It was hard to get information about what was going on across Asheville. Within hours, we lost power, Internet and even cell service.(很难获得关于阿什维尔情况的信息。几个小时之内，我们就失去了电力、网络甚至手机服务)”可知，在灾难期间，很难获取阿什维尔的信息，几小时内就失去了电力、互联网甚至手机服务，说明在灾难期间及时获取信息是很重要的。故选A。 【19题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“I wasn’t prepared to be a climate refugee.(我没准备好成为气候难民)”以及后文描述作者一家因气候灾害而被迫离开阿什维尔，可知文章主要讲述了作者作为一名气候难民的经历，因此最适合的标题是“An account of a climate refugee(一名气候难民的叙述)”。故选D。 C A recent study has discovered that gentle sound stimulation, referred to as pink noise, could enhance deep sleep among older adults and strengthen their word recall abilities. Deep sleep is critical for memory consolidation. But beginning in middle age, it decreases considerably, contributing to memory loss in aging. The sound stimulation significantly enhanced deep sleep in participants and their scores on a memory test. This innovative approach offers a simple and safe means to potentially enhance memory among older individuals and mitigate the natural age-related memory decline. A team of researchers from the Northwestern University in the US gathered 13 adults aged 60 and above, monitoring their sleep in a lab for two nights. On both nights, the participants underwent a memory test, went to bed while wearing headphones and a special cap, and took the memory test again in the morning. But without the participants’ awareness, researchers only played pink noise into the headphones on one night. More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations (振荡). During deep sleep, brain waves slow to approximately one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness. The system they employed in the study allowed the team to deliver a low burst of pink noise at the “precise moment” when the participants’ slow waves rose — a pattern that is unique to each person. The study found that participants’ slow waves increased after the night of sound stimulation, suggesting a potential enhancement in their deep sleep quality. And in the morning after hearing pink noise, they performed three times better on memory tests than they did after sleeping without any sound stimulation. The study was a relatively small one and Northwestern has taken steps to confirm its findings and to study how longer-term use of pink noise affects sleep. The team aims to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds. 20. What did the study reveal about the impact of pink noise? A. It disturbs overall sleep quality. B. It boosts memory performance. C. It increases the length of sleep. D. It weakens word recall abilities. 21. What does the underlined word “mitigate” probably means? A. Worsen. B. Notice. C. Decrease. D. Describe. 22. What can be learned about the new study? A. It adjusted participants’ slow-wave oscillations precisely. B. It employed a sound system to match slow-wave oscillations. C. It compared different sound effects on the elderly and the youth. D. It played various sorts of pink noises into participants’ headphones. 23. What can be inferred about the approach used in the study? A. It has the potential to be put into practice. B. It is affordable for a small number of people. C. It requires an innovative and affordable device. D. It lacks researchers’ interest in confirming findings. 【答案】20 B 21. C 22. B 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，粉红色噪音，即柔和的声音刺激，能改善老年人的深度睡眠，增强他们的记忆能力。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A recent study has discovered that gentle sound stimulation, referred to as pink noise, could enhance deep sleep among older adults and strengthen their word recall abilities. (最近的一项研究发现，柔和的声音刺激，被称为粉红色噪音，可以改善老年人的深度睡眠，增强他们的单词记忆能力)”可知，该研究显示，粉红色噪音能提高记忆表现。故选B项。 【21题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“This innovative approach offers a simple and safe means to potentially enhance memory among older individuals (这种创新的方法为提高老年人的记忆力提供了一种简单而安全的方法)”可知，这种方法可以帮助提高老年人的记忆力，相应地应该是减轻这一人群与年龄相关的自然记忆衰退，画线词应该是“减轻，缓解”的意思，与Decrease“减少”意思相近。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations. (更具体地说，他们对声音进行计时，以匹配参与者的慢波振荡)”和“The system they employed in the study allowed the team to deliver a low burst of pink noise at the “precise moment” when the participants’ slow waves rose — a pattern that is unique to each person. (他们在研究中使用的系统允许团队在参与者慢波上升的“精确时刻”发出低分贝的粉红色噪音——这种模式对每个人来说都是独一无二的)”可知，研究使用了一个声音系统来匹配参与者的慢波振荡。故选B项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The team aims to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds. (该团队的目标是开发一种人们可以在家里舒适地躺在床上使用的平价设备)”可知，研究中使用的方法将来发展的方向是被开发成方便使用的平价设备。由此可知，该方法有付诸实践的潜力。故选A项。 D In America, the “Big Dig”, a highway project that resulted in a mess of traffic in the centre of Boston for years, came in five times over its initial budget. Even the Germans get huge projects wrong. Conception to operation of Berlin Brandenburg Airport has taken 30 years, with seven missed opening dates. The airport ended up costing $8.2 billion. However, the original estimate was about $2.7 billion. Huge projects like Berlin Brandenburg Airport are the subject of an amusing new book called How Big Things Get Done by Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner. Mr. Flyvbjerg sets up a database of over 16, 000 projects and data analysis reveals that only 8.5% of the projects meet their initial estimates on cost and time, and 0.5% of them achieve what they set out to do on cost, time and benefits. Over-optimistic time and cost estimates originate from both psychological and political perceptions: the reliance on intuition (直觉) rather than data, and a problem that Mr. Flyvbjerg calls “strategic misrepresentation”. This is when budgets are intentionally reduced in order to get things going. And once the projects are under way, they will not be stopped, because money spent on them will thus be wasted. Mr. Flyvbjerg speaks highly of Pixar’s methodical approach to developing and testing films in great detail before they go into production. He also tells the story of how Frank Gehry’s well-developed architectural models helped ensure the success of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao. Narrowing down the producing window of a project before it is actually carried out reduces the probability of unexpected events. Big customized projects are particularly likely to run into trouble. However, the more a project can be divided into standardized processes, the better its prospects are. Projects run into problems for specific reasons as well as general ones: Britain’s trouble is not something that China has to worry about, for instance. But the iron law is that if you plan strictly and standardize where possible, you are less likely to dig yourself into a hole. 24. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By making a contrast. B. By giving an explanation. C. By presenting examples. D. By showing an experience. 25. What message does Bent Flyvbjerg’s data analysis convey? A. Projects’ success rates can be estimated. B. Projects’ desired outcome can’t be achieved. C. Most projects suffer overspending and delays. D. Most projects lack comprehensive data analysis. 26. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Failures in decision-making. B. Methods of reducing massive costs. C. Strategies for getting work done. D. Reasons behind inaccurate estimates. 27. What is the key to preventing projects getting into trouble? A. Planning thoroughly in advance. B. Analyzing specific and general reasons. C. Focusing on efficiency of projects. D. Drawing lessons from former experiences. 【答案】24. C 25. C 26. D 27. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。Flyvbjerg认为项目如果缺少周全计划，大多数的项目会超预算并且超过预期时间。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“In America, the ‘Big Dig’, a highway project that resulted in a mess of traffic in the centre of Boston for years, came in five times over its initial budget. Even the Germans get huge projects wrong. Conception to operation of Berlin Brandenburg Airport has taken 30 years, with seven missed opening dates. (在美国，‘大挖掘’是一个高速公路项目，多年来导致波士顿市中心交通混乱，其资金是最初预算的五倍。就连德国人也把大项目搞砸了。柏林-勃兰登堡机场的构想到运营已经花了30年的时间，错过了7个开放日期。)”可知，文章第一段以美国的“Big Dig”和德国Berlin Brandenburg Airport两个超级项目超时超预算为例，引出本文话题。故选C。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“ Mr. Flyvbjerg sets up a database of over 16, 000 projects and data analysis reveals that only 8.5% of the projects meet their initial estimates on cost and time, and 0.5% of them achieve what they set out to do on cost, time and benefits.(Flyvbjerg先生建立了一个包含16000多个项目的数据库，数据分析显示，只有8.5%的项目在成本和时间方面达到了最初的估计，其中0.5%的项目实现了他们在成本、时间和效益方面的目标。)”可知，仅少数项目符合预期的开支和时间，达到预期得受益，反过来可以推断出，大多数的项目超预算并且超过预期时间。故选C。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第三段“Over-optimistic time and cost estimates originate from both psychological and political perceptions: the reliance on intuition (直觉) rather than data, and a problem that Mr. Flyvbjerg calls ‘strategic misrepresentation’. This is when budgets are intentionally reduced in order to get things going. And once the projects are under way, they will not be stopped, because money spent on them will thus be wasted.(过于乐观的时间和成本估计源于心理和政治认知：对直觉而非数据的依赖，以及Flyvbjerg先生所说的‘战略失实陈述’问题。这是指为了使事情顺利进行而有意减少预算的情况。这些项目一旦开始，就不会停止，因为花在这些项目上的钱会被浪费掉。)”可知，文章第三段主要讲述了“psychological and political perceptions”和“strategic misrepresentation”这些导致时间上和开支上预算过于乐观，因此本段解释不精确预算产生的原因。故选D。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But the iron law is that if you plan strictly and standardize where possible, you are less likely to dig yourself into a hole.(但铁律是，如果你严格规划并尽可能规范化，你就不太可能把自己挖到坑里。)”可知，实现计划周全是避免出现超预算和超时的关键。故选A。 第二节 阅读填空（5*2.5，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In the freezing cold winter, air conditioners and heaters work overtime. The satisfaction of feeling a warm breeze against your skin is an amazing experience. ___28___ What are to blame are often the inefficient home appliances you have. Luckily, there are smart home appliances that can alleviate this burden. These appliances offer many benefits, all while keeping your electric bill manageable. ___29___ Smart lighting systems can detect activity in an area and adjust illumination accordingly, providing energy efficiency. In terms of security, smart door locks offer peace of mind by automatically securing your home when you leave. And smart appliances can do more. From floor-cleaning robots to smart laundry systems, these appliances are equipped with advanced sensors. They make household chores effortless, leaving you more time for recreational activities. ___30___ You can even set a romantic mood in the living room by adjusting the smart lights and playing a romantic comedy movie on the smart TV. Now, if you’ re considering switching to smart home appliances, it’s advisable to approach this gradually. ___31___ Smart lights, switches, plugs, smart hubs, and of course, Wi-Fi are wise choices. These small items play a crucial role in your smart home setup, especially the smart hubs and the Wi-Fi. Switching from traditional and inefficient home appliances to smart ones is more than just a modern convenience. ___32___ You’re not just simplifying your daily routines but actively contributing to environmental conservation efforts. A. But it needs a greener solution. B. But the following electric bill can be a shock. C. It’s a significant step towards a sustainable future. D. Smart TVs provide many entertainment options for you to explore. E. Moreover, smart appliances extend their features beyond the chores. F. Advanced appliances can effectively manage every aspect of your household. G. As large appliances can be significant investments, it is easier to start with smaller items. 【答案】28. B 29. F 30. D 31. G 32. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了使用智能家用电器的一些好处。 【28题详解】 根据上文“In the freezing cold winter, air conditioners and heaters work overtime. The satisfaction of feeling a warm breeze against your skin is an amazing experience.(在寒冷的冬天，空调和加热器加班工作。感受温暖的微风吹拂你的皮肤是一种奇妙的体验。)”提到空调和加热器加班工作。以及下文“What are to blame are often the inefficient home appliances you have.(罪魁祸首往往是你的家用电器效率低下。)”可知，前文提到冬天空调和暖气工作，感受温暖微风很惬意，后文说归咎于低效家电，幸运的是有智能家电可减轻负担，B 选项But the following electric bill can be a shock.(但随后的电费账单可能会让人震惊。)起到了转折衔接的作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选B项。 【29题详解】 由该空位于该段句首可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Smart lighting systems can detect activity in an area and adjust illumination accordingly, providing energy efficiency. In terms of security, smart door locks offer peace of mind by automatically securing your home when you leave.(智能照明系统可以检测一个区域的活动并相应地调整照明，从而提高能源效率。在安全方面，智能门锁在你离开时自动保护你的家，让你安心。)”可知，后文分别列举了智能照明系统能检测活动调节照明实现节能，智能门锁保障安全等，说明智能家电能有效管理家庭的各个方面，F 选项Advanced appliances can effectively manage every aspect of your household.(先进的电器可以有效地管理你家庭的方方面面。)能概括这一内容，作为首句合适。故选F项。 【30题详解】 根据上文“They make household chores effortless, leaving you more time for recreational activities.(他们让家务变得轻松，让你有更多的时间进行娱乐活动。)”以及下文“You can even set a romantic mood in the living room by adjusting the smart lights and playing a romantic comedy movie on the smart TV.(你甚至可以通过调节智能灯，在智能电视上播放浪漫喜剧电影，在客厅里营造浪漫的气氛。)”可知，前文说智能电视让你有更多的时间进行娱乐活动，后文说可以通过调节智能灯、播放浪漫喜剧营造浪漫氛围，体现了智能电视更多功能拓展，E选项Smart TVs provide many entertainment options for you to explore. (智能电视提供了许多娱乐选择供你探索。)可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，符合逻辑。故选D项。 【31题详解】 根据上文“Now, if you’ re considering switching to smart home appliances, it’s advisable to approach this gradually.(现在，如果你正在考虑改用智能家电，建议你循序渐进。)”以及下文“Smart lights, switches, plugs, smart hubs, and of course, Wi-Fi are wise choices.(智能灯，开关，插头，智能集线器，当然，Wi-Fi是明智的选择。)”可知，前文建议逐步更换智能家电，后文提到智能灯、开关、插头等是明智选择，G选项As large appliances can be significant investments, it is easier to start with smaller items. (由于大型家电可能是重大投资，从较小的物品开始更容易些。)对前文的建议做了进一步说明，衔接自然。故选G项。 【32题详解】 根据上文“Switching from traditional and inefficient home appliances to smart ones is more than just a modern convenience.(从传统和低效的家用电器转向智能家电不仅仅是一种现代的便利。)”以及下文“You’re not just simplifying your daily routines but actively contributing to environmental conservation efforts.(你不仅简化了你的日常生活，而且积极地为环境保护做出了贡献。)”可知，前文说从传统低效家电转向智能家电不只是现代便利，后文说不仅简化日常还为环保做贡献，C选项It’s a significant step towards a sustainable future.(这是迈向可持续未来的重要一步。)起到了承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选C项。 第四部分 语言运用（满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（15*1，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 UPS deliveryman Ryan Arens was making his rounds near a pond, when he heard a strange sound. It was December, and about 15 feet from the frozen bank was the ____33____ of that sound — a brown-and-white wire-haired hound（猎犬）had fallen through the thin layer of ice. An elderly man was already on the ____34____, determined to save her. He was trying to ____35____ the pond and was striking the ice with a rock to create a(n) ____36____ to the dog, but seemed to be struggling. Arens, 44, thought he ____37____ a better chance. “Animals are my weakness,” he said, explaining ____38____ he chose to take off his overcoat, even though the temperature was minus 15 and ____39____ the rescue task. After breaking the ice using the man’s rock, Arens jumped into the icy water. He surfaced in time to see the dog going under. Arens swam about five feet toward the dog, grabbed hold of her collar, and ____40____ her out of the water and onto the ice. He then put the dog into the boat and slid it back to the bank, where ____41____ bystanders carried the dog to the home of the rowboat’s owner, a retired vet. _____42_____ in the house himself, Arens jumped into a warm shower with the dog. A few more minutes in the pond, the vet told Arens, and the dog would have likely _____43_____. The next day, Arens was again making his _____44_____ in the neighborhood when the dog’s owner came _____45_____ to thank him for saving Sadie. “Would you like to meet her?” he asked. Then he opened the door of his pickup, and Sadie jumped out. She went _____46_____ toward Arens, leaping around him and kissing him. Arens said that special delivery was the _____47_____ of his UPS career. 33. A. speed B. source C. cause D. volume 34. A. scene B. way C. road D. air 35. A. bridged B. emptied C. entered D. crossed 36. A. solution B. approach C. path D. entrance 37. A. deserved B. took C. enhanced D. stood 38. A. why B. when C. how D. whether 39. A. broke in B. took over C. brought about D. drew upon 40. A. threw B. passed C. shipped D. pulled 41. A. dynamic B. indifferent C. anxious D. curious 42. A. Unless B. Once C. Since D. Until 43. A. fled B. returned C. survived D. died 44. A. living B. rounds C. trip D. activities 45. A. over B. across C. off D. about 46. A. directly B. abruptly C. casually D. friendly 47. A. exception B. caution C. highlight D. advance 【答案】33. B 34. A 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. B 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. A 47. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了UPS快递员Ryan Arens在冬天行走时发现了一只被困在冰上的猎犬，并冒着极低的温度跳入冰冷的水中成功救出了狗狗。狗主人对他的救助表示感激，狗狗也通过亲吻和跳跃来表达对他的喜爱。这次救助成为他UPS职业生涯中最难忘的送货。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是12月份，离冰冻的岸边大约15英尺的地方传来了那个声音——一只棕白相间的硬毛猎犬掉进了薄薄的冰层之下。A. speed 速度；B. source来源；C. cause原因；D. volume体积；容量。根据“about 15 feet from the frozen bank”可知, 离冰冻的岸边大约15英尺的地方是声音的源头。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位老人已经到了现场，决心要救她。A. scene场景；B. way方式；C. road道路；D. air空气。根据“determined to save her”可知，老人在现场决定要去拯救这只掉进冰水里的狗狗，固定短语on the scene“在现场”。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他试图进入池塘，用一块石头敲冰，为狗开辟一条路，但似乎很挣扎。A. bridged架桥；B. emptied倒空；C. entered进入；D. crossed穿过。根据“the pond”可知，老人要走进冰冻的池塘去拯救落水的狗狗。故选C。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. solution解决方法；B. approach方法；C. path道路；D. entrance入口。根据“striking the ice with a rock”可知，老人用石头敲击冰为狗狗开辟出一条逃脱的路。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：44岁的Arens认为他更有这个机会(更可能于去救助这只狗狗)。他说：“动物是我的弱点”，并解释了为什么他选择脱下他的外套，尽管温度达到零下15度，他来承担了救援任务。A. deserved值得；B. took拿走；C. enhanced增强；D. stood站立。根据“Animals are my weakness”可知，对于Arens来说，动物是他的弱点，所以见到动物落难，他非常愿意去拯救狗狗，固定短语stand a chance“有机会，有可能”。故选D。 【38题详解】 考查特殊疑问词词辨析。句意：同上A. why为什么；B. when何时；C. how如何；D. whether是否。根据“Animals are my weakness”可知，因为动物是他的弱点，所以此处Arens解释了自己为什么去拯救狗狗。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. broke in闯入；B. took over接管，承担；C. brought about引起；D. drew upon借助。根据“the rescue task”可知，动物是他的弱点，所以Arens承担了救助狗狗的任务。故选B。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Arens向狗游了大约五英尺，抓住它的项圈，把它从水里拉到冰上。A. threw扔；B. passed通过；C. shipped运送；D. pulled拉。根据“out of the water”可知，此处是把狗狗从水里拉到冰上。故选D。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，他把狗放进船上，把它滑回岸边，焦急的旁观者把狗带到划艇主人的家里，他是一名退休兽医。A. dynamic有活力的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. curious好奇的。根据“bystanders carried the dog to the home”可知，此处描述的是救援狗狗的过程，故焦急的旁观者急忙地把狗狗带回家进行治疗。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：一进屋，Arens就和狗狗一起冲了个热水澡。A. Unless除非；B. Once一……就……；C. Since因为；D. Until直到。根据“jumped into a warm shower with the dog”可知，一进到屋里，Arens就和狗狗冲了个热水澡。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：兽医告诉Arens，如果再在池塘里待上几分钟，这只狗很可能就死了。A. fled逃跑；B. returned返回；C. survived幸存；D. died死亡。根据前文“A few more minutes in the pond,”可知，如果在冰冻的池塘里再多待上几分钟，狗狗就会被冻死。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，Arens再次在附近时，狗的主人过来感谢他救了赛迪。A. living生活；B. rounds（收发信函等的）固定路线；C. trip旅行；D. activities活动。根据前文“UPS deliveryman Ryan Arens was making his rounds near a pond”可知，第二天，Arens再次在附近路线送快递的时候，狗的主人带着狗狗来感谢他。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. over在……之上；B. across穿过；C. off 离开；D. about关于。根据“to thank him for saving Sadie”可知，狗的主人带着狗狗走上前来感谢Arens。come over意为“走向前来”。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她径直走向Arens，在他身边跳来跳去，亲吻他。A. directly直接地；B. abruptly突然地；C. casually随便地；D. friendly友好地。根据“leaping around him and kissing him.”可知，狗狗直接地走向Arens，在他身边跳来跳去，亲吻他。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Arens说，快递是他UPS职业生涯的亮点。A. exception例外；B. caution谨慎；C. highlight亮点；D. advance提前。根据前文“The next day, Arens was again making his ____12____ in the neighborhood when the dog’s owner came ____13____ to thank him for saving Sadie.”以及“She went ____14____ toward Arens, leaping around him and kissing him.”可知，Arens救助了落水的狗狗，狗狗主人带着狗狗一起来感谢他，并且狗狗热情的亲吻着他，围绕着他，这是Arens在UPS职业生涯中的亮点。故选C。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 语法填空（10*1.5，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式， Study tours are taking on the role of extracurricular social education this summer. From historic sites to picturesque natural landscapes, from technology innovation centers to traditional craft workshops, study tours are popping up in various regions across China, ____48____ (offer) grown-ups and children unique experiences combining knowledge, techniques, culture and entertainment. So far, 275 activities ____49____ (introduce) to Fujian Province, ____50____ intangible cultural heritages are rich, to boost the high-quality development of the local economy. Recently, it has launched ____51____ (various) of engaging Intangible Cultural Heritage study tours, ranging from hands-on classes on Shoushan stone carving, tea culture training courses, and herbal study camps ____52____ bamboo weaving. On the other hand, at the Yunnan Provincial Museum in Kunming, students can appreciate the biodiversity and charm of the ancient Dian kingdom. ____53____ (it) bronze artifacts cover a wide range of themes, particularly those related to animals. The abundant animal imagery in these bronze pieces ____54____ (reflect) people’s observation and respect for nature at that time. Nowadays, study tours extend to Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Chinese communities overseas, becoming ____55____ important bridge connecting the ____56____ (share) emotions and cultural identity of the Chinese nation, through which students can experience the beauty of the local landscape ____57____ the richness of culture. 【答案】48. offering 49. have been introduced   50. where 51. varieties 52. to 53. Its 54. reflects  55. an 56. shared 57. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研学游在中国及海外华人社区的推广与发展。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从历史遗址到风景如画的自然景观，从科技创新中心到传统工艺作坊，研学游在中国各地纷纷涌现，为成年人和儿童提供了知识、技术、文化和娱乐相结合的独特体验。本句谓语为are popping up，此处为非谓语动词，且study tours与offer“提供”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填offering。 【49题详解】 考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：迄今为止，福建省已推出275项活动，以促进当地经济高质量发展，福建省非物质文化遗产丰富。根据时间状语So far可知，此处时态应用现在完成时，主语activities与introduce“引见，推行”之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语activities为复数，助动词用have。故填have been introduced。 【50题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：迄今为止，福建省已推出275项活动，以促进当地经济高质量发展，福建省非物质文化遗产丰富。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Fujian Province，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【51题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：最近，它推出了各种非物质文化遗产研学游，从寿山石雕实践课、茶文化培训课程到草药研习营和竹编。varieties of为固定短语，意为“各种各样的”，本空用varieties，符合题意。故填varieties。 【52题详解】 考查介词。句意：最近，它推出了各种非物质文化遗产研学游，从寿山石雕实践课、茶文化培训课程到草药研习营和竹编。range from…to…为固定短语，意为“从……到……”，本空用介词to，符合题意。故填to。 【53题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：它们的青铜器涵盖广泛的主题，特别是与动物有关的青铜器。空格处修饰名词artifacts，应用形容词性物主代词its，作定语。故填Its。 【54题详解】 考查时态。句意：这些青铜器上丰富的动物形象反映了当时人们对自然的观察和尊重。句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The abundant animal imagery为第三人称单数，谓语也用reflect“反映”的第三人称单数。故填reflects。 【55题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如今，研学游已扩展到香港、澳门、台湾和海外华人社区，成为连接中华民族共同情感和文化认同的一座重要桥梁，通过这一桥梁，学生可以体验到当地景观之美和文化之丰富。bridge为可数名词，此处表泛指“一座重要桥梁”，且important为以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【56题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如今，研学游已扩展到香港、澳门、台湾和海外华人社区，成为连接中华民族共同情感和文化认同的重要桥梁，通过这一桥梁，学生可以体验到当地景观之美和文化之丰富。本空修饰名词emotions，作定语，用形容词shared“分享的，共有的”。故填shared。 【57题详解】 考查连词。句意：如今，研学游已扩展到香港、澳门、台湾和海外华人社区，成为连接中华民族共同情感和文化认同的重要桥梁，通过这一桥梁，学生可以体验到当地景观之美和文化之丰富。the beauty of the local landscape和the richness of culture为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 第五部分 基础知识考察（满分25分） 该部分需用必修一 Unit 5/必修二 Unit 1/Unit 2/Unit 3 所学词汇短语的适当形式填空。 第一节 单词填空（15*1，满分15分） 76-80 请根据括号中的中文提示，填入单词的适当形式。 58. This article is a valuable __________ (参考) for those who are researching the history of the local area. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这篇文章对研究当地历史的人来说是很有价值的参考资料。valuable是形容词，修饰名词，“参考”的名词是reference，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填reference。 59. He can get information from the Internet __________ (方便地) whenever he needs it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】conveniently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：无论何时他需要信息，都能方便地从互联网上获取。“方便地”应用副词conveniently，作修饰动词get的状语。故填conveniently。 60. The information on this website is __________ (更新) every day, so we can always get the latest news here. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】updated 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这个网站的信息每天都在更新，所以我们总能在这里得到最新的消息。“更新”是update，信息是被更新，句子用被动语态，空前有is，空格处用过去分词。故填updated。 61. In the science class, the teacher asked the students to __________ (观察) the chemical reaction. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】observe 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在科学课上，老师让学生们观察化学反应。根据汉语提示可知，表示“观察”是动词observe，接在不定式to后，应用动词原形。故填observe。 62. The latest research result __________ (确认，使确信) the theory that regular exercise improves brain function. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】confirms 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：最新的研究结果证实了经常锻炼可以改善大脑功能的理论。空处作谓语，“确认，使确信”应用动词confirm，此处在描述当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时，且主语result是单数，confirm应用第三人称单数形式。故填confirms。 81-85请根据括号中的英文释义以及首字母提示，填入单词的适当形式。 63. He didn’t give up even after several a__________ (an act of trying to do sth, especially sth difficult). (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】attempts##ttempts 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：即使尝试了几次，他也没有放弃、根据首字母提示及英文释义可知，用名词attempt，表示“试图”之意。根据形容词several可知，用名词的复数形式。故填attempts。 64. We have i__________ (to find out information and facts about a subject or problem by study or research) different teaching methods to find the most effective approach for our students. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】investigated##nvestigated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们研究了不同的教学方法，以找到对学生最有效的方法。根据首字母i及英文提示可知，此处使用动词investigate“研究”，与主语是主动关系，应用过去分词，与以空前have构成现在完成时。故填investigated。 65. The new business made a good p__________ (money that you gain by selling things or doing business) in its first year. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】profit##rofit 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家新公司在第一年就获得了可观的利润。结合首字母提示可知，“money that you gain by selling things or doing business (卖东西或做生意赚来的钱)”对应的是名词profit，意为“利润”，作made的宾语，短语make a profit意为“赚取利润，盈利”。故填profit。 66. She is very p__________ (very careful about what you choose or do; hard to please) when it comes to choosing gifts for others. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】particular##articular 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在给别人挑选礼物时，她很挑剔。结合首字母提示可知，“very careful about what you choose or do; hard to please (对你的选择或行为非常谨慎；难以取悦)”应用形容词particular，意为“挑剔的”，作表语。故填particular。 67. After a long conversation, his friends sincere apology finally made him feel that the mistake could be f__________ (to stop being angry with sb or about sth). (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】forgiven##orgiven 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：经过长时间的交谈，他朋友真诚的道歉终于使他觉得错误是可以原谅的。根据句意和首字母f以及空格前的could be可知，空格处应该用动词forgive的过去分词形式forgiven，构成被动语态。故填forgiven。 86-90请根据括号中的单词，填入单词的适当形式。 68. Her novel opens with a vivid __________ (describe) of the small town, immersing readers in its atmosphere and charm. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】description 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她的小说一开头就生动地描述了这个小镇，使读者沉浸在它的气氛和魅力中。空处作with的宾语，被vivid修饰，describe的名词形式description符合题意，意为“描述”，且空前有不定冠词a，description应用单数形式。故填description。 69. The author’s recent __________ (create) are celebrated for their intricate plots and deep character development. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】creations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：作者最近的作品以其复杂的情节和深刻的人物发展而闻名。设空处为主语，应用名词，create的名词为creation意为“创作”，结合谓语动词are celebrated可知，此处应用复数形式。故填creations。 70. The designer aimed to make the living room a __________ (harmony) mix of modern and traditional elements. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】harmonious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：设计师的目的是使客厅成为现代与传统元素的和谐结合。此处修饰名词mix，应用形容词harmonious“和谐的”，作定语。故填harmonious。 71. In the past few decades, the increasing use of plastic bags __________ (threat) the ecological balance of our planet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has threatened 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，越来越多的塑料袋的使用已经威胁到我们星球的生态平衡。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past few decades可知，此处使用现在完成时，threat的动词为threaten意为“威胁”，主语the increasing use为第三人称单数，助动词使用has。故填has threatened。 72. His words of encouragement were a great __________ (inspire) to the discouraged athlete. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inspiration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他鼓励的话对那个灰心丧气的运动员是极大的鼓舞。形容词great 后接名词作宾语。inspire的名词形式为inspiration，为“鼓舞人心（的东西）”。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填inspiration。 第二节 完成句子（10*1，满分10分） 73. We should __________ __________ __________ the importance of protecting our environment from a young age, such as reducing waste and saving water. 我们应该从小就意识到保护环境的重要性，比如减少浪费和节约用水。 【答案】 ①. be ②. aware ③. of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“意识到”，固定短语be aware of，should是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，因此be用原形，故填be，aware，of。 74. This traditional festival, __________ __________ __________ the Ming Dynasty, has been passed down for generations. 这个追溯到明朝的传统节日代代相传。 【答案】 ①. dating ②. back ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“追溯到”，应用动词短语date back to，此处与festival构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填dating back to。 75. __________ __________ __________ you go, you can always find beautiful scenery if you have a heart for discovery. 无论你去哪里，只要你有一颗善于发现的心，总能看到美丽的风景。 【答案】 ①. No ②. matter ③. where 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“无论哪里”，应用no matter where，意为“无论哪里”，引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填①No，②matter，③where。 76. __________ __________ __________ the new fashion styles too quickly might make people lose their unique charm. 过快地向新时尚潮流让步可能会使人们失去自己独特的风格。 【答案】 ①. Giving ②. in ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“向……让步”，是固定短语give in to，空格处用动名词作主语，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Giving，in，to。 77. Mom always __________ __________ that the house is clean and tidy before guests arrive. 妈妈总是在客人到来之前确保房子干净整洁。 【答案】 ①. makes ②. sure 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“确保”，是固定短语make sure，由always可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语Mom是单数，因此make用第三人称单数，故填makes，sure。 78. Last year, the researcher __________ __________ __________ the growth of the newly discovered plant species. 去年，这位研究人员跟踪记录了新发现的植物物种的生长情况。 【答案】 ①. kept ②. track ③. of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“跟踪记录”，英语单词短语keep track of，由Last year可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，keep用过去式kept。故填kept track of。 79. Wild animals in the forest are better at __________ __________ the natural environment changes than those in the zoo. 森林里的野生动物比动物园里的动物更擅长适应自然环境的变化。 【答案】 ①. adjusting ②. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。分析句意可知，表示“适应”可用固定短语adjust to，再根据空格前的介词at可知，介词后应该用动名词形式。故填①adjusting②to。 80. The students performed well even __________ __________ during the final exam. 学生们即使在期末考试的压力下也表现出色。 【答案】 ①. under ②. pressure 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“在……压力下”，是固定短语under pressure，故填under pressure。 81. __________ __________ you have chosen this path, you should stick to it and work hard. 既然你已经选择了这条路，就应该坚持下去并努力奋斗。 【答案】 ①. Now ②. that 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。根据句意，句中“既然”用连词短语now that，用于引导原因状语从句。故填Now that。 82. All the students are looking forward to __________ __________ __________ various events, such as running races, long jump and high jump 所有学生都期待着参加各种各样的项目，比如赛跑、跳远和跳高。 【答案】 ①. taking ②. part ③. in 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。空格前是固定短语“look forward to”的现在进行时，其中 “to” 是介词，后面要接动词的动名词 -ing 形式；参加”可用动词短语“take part in”，这里需要填“take” 的 -ing 形式 “taking”。故空格处应依次填入taking；part；in。 第六部分 写作（满分15分） 83. 假如你是李华，你校本月开展“保护野生动物宣传月”活动。请你为校报英语栏目写一篇倡议书，倡导大家保护野生动物。内容包括： 1. 野生动物数量减少的原因； 2. 保护野生动物的措施； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100个左右； 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 The decline in wildlife populations is a deeply concerning issue. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The decline in wildlife populations is a deeply concerning issue. As is known to all, human activities are mainly to blame. Habitat loss caused by deforestation and urban expansion, along with overhunting and pollution, has pushed numerous species to the edge of extinction, which is really heart-breaking. Immediate actions must be taken. First of all, we should respect their habitats to provide a better living environment for them. Secondly, strict laws against illegal hunting need to be enforced. What’s more, we can launch educational campaigns to raise people’s awareness. Let’s join hands without delay. Every small effort counts. Only by protecting wildlife can we maintain the balance of nature and secure a sustainable future for ourselves. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华身份，为校报的英语栏目写一篇倡议书，倡导大家保护野生动物，应首先说明野生动物数量减少的原因，再分享保护野生动物的措施，最后发出保护的倡议。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 随……一起：along with→together with, as well as 边缘：edge→verge, brink 意识：awareness→consciousness 立即：without delay→right away, promptly 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First of all, we should respect their habitats to provide a better living environment for them. 拓展句：First of all, we should respect their habitats so that we can provide a better living environment for them. 【点睛】[高分句型1] As is known to all, human activities are mainly to blame. (运用了as引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Habitat loss caused by deforestation and urban expansion, along with overhunting and pollution, has pushed numerous species to the edge of extinction, which is really heart-breaking. (运用了过去分词作后置定语、which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型3] Only by protecting wildlife can we maintain the balance of nature and secure a sustainable future for ourselves. (运用了“only+介词短语”置于句首引起的部分倒装) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$