专题-S232 必修二 UNIT 3 The Internet 七选五【题型易-考试题型精练】高一下学期英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（人教版2019）

专题-S232七选五 人教版必修二 题型特训 UNIT 3：The Internet 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·山东聊城·阶段练习）Internet is fun. And it’s fine to chat. But you must be careful. Read our advice so you can be safe on the net! Use a nickname in chatting rooms. Chat in public areas, not the private areas. 1 , as someone can use this to identify (骚扰) you. And don’t give your phone number. Use different passwords. And keep your passwords secret: this protects you from identity theft (偷盗). 2 3 When a person bullies (恐吓) you, don’t respond—that is what they want you to do. Always tell a parent, trusted adult or a teacher. They can report the bully to the Internet Service Provider. 4 Many teenagers want to meet new online friends. This can be very dangerous. It’s very easy to create false identities online. NEVER arrange a meeting on your own. 5 Arrange the meeting in a public place during the day and take a friend or your mom or dad. A．Don’t agree to meet someone secretly B．Make notes of names, times and contact details C．Don’t tell your friends your passwords D．Don’t give personal information E．Online bullying is a big problem F．That’s easy. G．Enjoy your own club! 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. E 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一些上网安全的建议。 1. 根据空后“as someone can use this to identify (骚扰) you. (因为有人可以使用它来骚扰您。)”中的as可知，空格内容与此为因果关系，所以空处内容应是结果，D选项“Don’t give personal information (不要提供个人信息)”讲述的是不要泄露私人信息，与空后内容形成因果关系，且空后的this指的是D项中的“私人信息”。故选D项。 2. 根据空前的“And keep your passwords secret: this protects you from identity theft (偷盗). (并对您的密码保密：这可以保护您免受身份盗用的侵害。)”以及本段的主题“Use different passwords. (使用不同的密码。)”可知，该段讲述的是密码使用方面的安全问题，C选项“Don’t tell your friends your passwords (不要告诉你的朋友你的密码)”讲述的与本段主题一致。故选C项。 3. 根据空后的“When a person bullies (恐吓) you, don’t respond—that is what they want you to do. (当一个人欺负你时，不要回应——这就是他们希望你做的。)”可知，此空讲述的内容与网上欺凌有关，E选项“Online bullying is a big problem (在线欺凌是一个大问题)”为本段的主题，与下文内容一致，均为网络欺凌有关。故选E项。 4. 根据空前的“They can report the bully to the Internet Service Provider. (他们可以向互联网服务提供商报告欺凌者。)”可知，此处讲述的是将欺凌报告给互联网提供商，B选项“Make notes of names, times and contact details (记下姓名、时间和联系方式)”中的信息为给互联网提供商提供的欺凌的相关信息，符合语境。故选B项。 5. 根据空前的“NEVER arrange a meeting on your own. (切勿自行安排见面。)”以及空后的“Arrange the meeting in a public place during the day and take a friend or your mom or dad. (白天在公共场所安排见面，带上朋友或爸爸妈妈。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与安排与网友会面相关的注意事项，A选项“Don’t agree to meet someone secretly (不要同意偷偷见面)”讲述的与陌生人见面有关系，与本段主题吻合。故选A项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·江苏连云港·期中）Do you really need a new phone every 2 years? If you’re looking to replace or upgrade your smartphone in the coming year, think it over. 1 Do you simply have the desire to get the new, shiny tech? There are some issues to consider besides the new device’s affordability. Our desire to always have the newest smartphone comes at a high environmental cost. According to Swappie, which repairs and resells iPhones, 1.4 billion new smartphones forecast to be shipped this year will generate 146 million tons of planet-warming emissions. 2 What can you do ? Resist the desire to upgrade. If your phone still works, get as much life as you can out of it. “The greenest smart-phone is the one you already own,” Stratton said. Get it fixed. If your phone breaks, get it repaired directly by the manufacturer or take it to a store to repair your phone brand. 3 Sell it instead of throwing it. You can sell your used smartphone to specialized repairing companies like Swappie to give it a second life. 4 This is because of the materials used to produce them. 5 If your phone is completely broken and cannot be sold, you can still recycle it. You just need to do a little bit of research into how and where to correctly recycle it. A．Make it functioned. B．Recycle it properly. C．Do you really need a new phone? D．Broken phones can still be valuable. E．Where can you get a new smartphone? F．83% of them come from producing, shipping and first-year usage. G．A broken or out-of-order phone can often be fixed through easy repairs. 【答案】1. C 2. F 3. G 4. D 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了更换手机时需要考虑的因素及旧手机的处理方式。 1. 上文“If you’re looking to replace or upgrade your smartphone in the coming year, think it over.(如果您打算在未来一年内更换或升级智能手机，请三思而行)”说明要谨慎更换手机，下文“Do you simply have the desire to get the new, shiny tech? There are some issues to consider besides the new device’s affordability.(你只是想获得新的、闪亮的技术吗？除了新设备的可负担性之外还有一些问题需要考虑)”说明换手机时你还要考虑其他的因素，C项“你真的需要新手机吗？”承上启下，提出的问题与下文问题呼应，符合语境。故选C项。 2. 上文“Our desire to always have the newest smartphone comes at a high environmental cost. According to Swappie, which repairs and resells iPhones, 1.4 billion new smartphones forecast to be shipped this year will generate 146 million tons of planet-warming emissions.(我们总是想拥有最新的智能手机，但这需要付出高昂的环保成本。据维修和转售iPhone的Swappie公司称，预计今年将有14亿部新智能手机出货，这将产生1.46亿吨的全球变暖排放)”说明了换手机的环保成本很大，F项“其中83%来自生产、运输和第一年的使用。”承接上文，选项中them指代上文的planet-warming emissions，符合语境。故选F项。 3. 上文“Get it fixed. If your phone breaks, get it repaired directly by the manufacturer or take it to a store to repair your phone brand.(把它修好。如果你的手机坏了，可以直接由制造商修理，或者带到商店修理你的手机品牌)”说明手机坏了可以修理，G项“坏掉的或失灵的手机通常可以通过简单的维修来修复。”承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。 4. 上文“Sell it instead of throwing it. You can sell your used smartphone to specialized repairing companies like Swappie to give it a second life.(把它卖掉，而不是扔掉。你可以把你用过的智能手机卖给像Swappie这样的专业维修公司，让它重获新生)”说明处理手机的另一种方式——卖掉，下文“This is because of the materials used to produce them.(这是因为生产它们所用的材料)”说明可以卖掉手机的原因，D项“坏掉的手机仍然有价值。”承上启下，符合语境。故选D项。 5. 下文“If your phone is completely broken and cannot be sold, you can still recycle it. You just need to do a little bit of research into how and where to correctly recycle it.(如果你的手机已经完全坏了，无法出售，你仍然可以回收它。你只需要研究一下如何以及在哪里正确回收它)”说明破旧的手机可以回收，空处应概括段落大意，B项“正确回收”符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·安徽合肥·期中）The online mapping is a way to use maps available online to provide a number of functions that traditional maps have provided for years. 1 Meanwhile, there are other types of maps available as well, such as nautical maps (航海地图). One advantage of the online mapping is the ability to custom-make a map for an individual based on particular needs. 2 Thus, the map is much more than a graph of roads; it is a custom-made printing specifically based on a desired route. In addition, the online mapping also usually includes text directions that can help provide yet another affirmation (确认) of the route. These text directions are often displayed in conjunction with any map that is shown and is printable. 3 Traditional maps may only be updated once a year just before they are published. 4 It can be updated in real time. A map can indeed be update d on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis, but it does not necessarily mean that it will be. Even the most thorough mapping services may not be able to keep up with all the construction projects and changes on any given day. 5 . Some maps may only show the route the driver should take, without other streets being listed. Also, there is no way for an online mapping service to inform travelers if they do wander off the route prescribed. A．It depends on how often they are updated. B．However, the online mapping has no such limitations. C．There are some disadvantages of using the online mapping. D．The most common application is probably the road mapping. E．Some of them fail to provide accurate maps and directions. F．This can help a traveler remove all unnecessary information. G．So it’s convenient for those who need to take their maps with them. 【答案】1. D 2. F 3. G 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在线地图的优势，包括能够根据个人需求定制地图、提供文字导航等功能，并指出在线地图能够实时更新以反映最新的路况和建筑项目变化。然而，作者也提到在线地图的一些限制，比如只显示推荐的路线而不包括其他街道。 1. 根据下文“Meanwhile, there are other types of maps available as well, such as nautical maps (航海地图).(同时，也有其他类型的地图可供选择，比如航海地图)”中there are other types of maps可知，下文补充了有其它类型的地图，说明上文会提到一些地图类型，D项“The most common application is probably the road mapping.(最常见的应用程序可能是道路绘图)”中提到道路地图，符合语境。故选D项。 2. 上文“One advantage of the online mapping is the ability to custom-make a map for an individual based on particular needs.(在线地图的一个优点是能够根据个人的特殊需要定制地图)”提出在线地图可以根据个人的需要定制，F项“This can help a traveler remove all unnecessary information.(这可以帮助旅行者删除所有不必要的信息)”承接上文，说明定制地图可以帮助旅行者删除不必要的信息，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 3. 上文“These text directions are often displayed in conjunction with any map that is shown and is printable. (这些文字指示通常与任何可打印的地图一起显示)”提出地图可以打印，G项“So it’s convenient for those who need to take their maps with them.(因此，对于那些需要随身携带地图的人来说，这很方便)”承接上文，说明这样带来的便利，与上文构成因果关系，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 4. 上文“Traditional maps may only be updated once a year just before they are published.(传统的地图可能每年只在出版之前更新一次)”指出传统地图的劣势，B项“However, the online mapping has no such limitations.(然而，在线地图没有这样的限制)”与上文构成转折关系，说明在线地图没有这样的问题。同时，下文“It can be updated in real time.(它可以实时更新)”作出进一步说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 5. 下文“Some maps may only show the route the driver should take, without other streets being listed. Also, there is no way for an online mapping service to inform travelers if they do wander off the route prescribed.(有些地图可能只显示司机应该走的路线，而没有列出其他街道。此外，如果旅行者偏离了规定的路线，在线地图服务也无法通知他们)”列举了在线地图的缺点，是对C项“There are some disadvantages of using the online mapping.(使用在线地图有一些缺点)”的解释说明。故选C项。 Passage 4 （23-24高一下·河北石家庄·期中）The QR-code menu—which you access by scanning a black-and-white square with your smartphone—has taken off. 1 But I hope not, because I hate those digital menus. For restaurants, QR-code menus offer potential (潜在的) benefits beyond putting germ-averse (厌恶细菌的) customers at greater ease. In the near future, restaurants might use dynamic menus(动态菜单). 2 Besides, the prices of some dishes could also rise or fall to better match supply with demand. 3 QR-code menus will force a distraction (分心) during the dining. You may just be checking to see what you want your next drink to be. However, from there it’s easy to start checking texts and emails. Research conducted before the pandemic suggests that, even if everyone is able to avoid checking an incoming text message, just having a phone out on the table makes a meal less fun for all involved. 4 The social-psychology researcher Ryan Dwyer and his colleagues randomly asked some people to keep their phone out when dining with friends and others to put it away. “We found that groups asked to use their phones enjoyed the experience less than groups that did not use their phones,” Dwyer said, “mainly due to the fact that participants with phones were more distracted.” QR-code menus reduce privacy, too. 5 Many of the codes are actually generated by a different company that collects, uses, and then often shares your personal information. In fact, companies that provide QR codes to restaurants like to talk about all the personal information you are sharing along with that food order: your location, your gender, your age group, and other information about you and your period. A．QR codes have been around for a while. B．I came across a study published in 2021. C．QR-code menus are not really an advance. D．It seems that they are likely to take the place of restaurant menus. E．Diners who use them aren’t just communicating with the restaurant. F．QR codes also present a great data collection opportunity for restaurants G．Dishes disappear from them when kitchen runs out of the necessary materials. 【答案】1. D 2. G 3. C 4. B 5. E 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了二维码菜单对于餐馆来说一些好处，以及对于用餐的人可能带来的一些弊端。 1. 上文“The QR-code menu—which you access by scanning a black-and-white square with your smartphone—has taken off. (二维码菜单—你可以用智能手机扫描一个黑白方块来进入—已经开始流行起来)”引出话题，提到二维码菜单。以及下文“But I hope not, because I hate those digital menus. (但我希望不是，因为我讨厌那些数字菜单)”说明期望是相反的。可知空格处内容为二维码菜单可能会带来的影响。选项D项“看来它们很可能会取代餐馆的菜单”说明了二维码菜单可能带来的影响符合语境，故选D项。 2. 根据上文“For restaurants, QR-code menus offer potential (潜在的) benefits beyond putting germ-averse (厌恶细菌的) customers at greater ease. (对于餐馆来说，二维码菜单除了让厌恶细菌的顾客更轻松之外，还提供了潜在的好处。)”说明二维码菜单的潜在好处。可推断空格处内容也应为说明其中之一的好处。结合选项G项“厨房用完了，盘子就从里面消失了”符合语境。故选G项。 3. 根据下文“QR-code menus will force a distraction (分心) during the dining.  (二维码菜单会让用餐时分心)”可知此处讲的是二维码菜单的弊端。选项C项“二维码菜单并不是真正的进步”符合此推断，故选C项。 4. 根据下文“The social-psychology researcher Ryan Dwyer and his colleagues randomly asked some people to keep their phone out when dining with friends and others to put it away. (社会心理学研究人员Ryan Dwyer和他的同事随机要求一些人在与朋友吃饭时把手机放在外面，另一些人把手机收起来。)”可知此处讲的是研究的具体行为。选项B项“我偶然发现了一项发表于2021年的研究” 是对空格处内容的具体说明解释，符合语境。故选B项。 5. 根据上文“QR-code menus reduce privacy, too. (二维码菜单也减少了隐私)”引出话题。以及下文“Many of the codes are actually generated by a different company that collects, uses, and then often shares your personal information. (许多二维码实际上是由另一家公司生成的，该公司收集、使用并分享你的个人信息)”说明许多代码实际上是由另一家公司生成的。故可推断空格处内容为使用二维码并不是局限于一个地方。选项E项“使用它们的食客不仅仅是在和餐厅交流”符合此推断。故选E项。 Passage 5 （23-24高一下·河南周口·阶段练习）The Internet is a global network, which allows digital information to travel around the world. Let’s view some most popular uses of the Internet. Information search We search for information every day. 1 . Search engines then provide us with valuable and useful data, information and knowledge at any time, instantly upon our request. 2 One of the most significant and popular use of the Internet is email. Email is a common thing that a majority of people check after they have logged (登录) on to the Internet. 3 . Besides the email, today, there are many other online tools and online chat software apps for audio and video chat. Online shopping 4 . In the beginning, many people didn’t have trust in the e-commerce website, but that has changed over time. Now we can order anything like clothing, fashion accessories, machines, books, technology things and so on without visiting physical stores. Education The Internet plays an important role in effectively shaping today’s school education process. It has the availability and the quality of learning for many students. They can study what they want and whenever they feel the most productive. 5 . We are witnessing the rise of informal education where college graduates have online access and can sharpen their skills and get faster progress in a specific field. A．Communication B．Online bill payments C．Our habits of buying things have changed a lot D．They can also attend classes or take exams online at home E．It is done by typing a question for which we seek specific information F．Many other personal businesses create their online shops every day G．The email has enabled easier and faster communication between people 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. G 4. C 5. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了互联网的一些最流行的用途。 1. 根据上文“We search for information every day.(我们每天都在搜索信息)”以及后文“Search engines then provide us with valuable and useful data, information and knowledge at any time, instantly upon our request.(然后，搜索引擎在任何时候，根据我们的要求，立即为我们提供有价值和有用的数据、信息和知识)”可知，本句主要是说明搜索信息的具体步骤。故E选项“通过输入一个我们寻求具体信息的问题来检索”符合语境，故选E。 2. 根据后文“One of the most significant and popular use of the Internet is email. Email is a common thing that a majority of people check after they have logged (登录) on to the Internet.(互联网最重要和最受欢迎的用途之一是电子邮件。电子邮件是大多数人登录上网后查看的常见东西)”和“Besides the email, today, there are many other online tools and online chat software apps for audio and video chat.(除了电子邮件，今天还有许多其他用于音频和视频聊天的在线工具和在线聊天软件应用程序)”可知，后文主要讲人们通过邮件还有其他聊天软件进行沟通，故A选项“交流”符合语境，故选A。 3. 根据上文“Email is a common thing that a majority of people check after they have logged (登录) on to the Internet.(电子邮件是大多数人登录上网后查看的常见东西)”可知，本句承接上文，说明电子邮件对于人们沟通的作用。故G选项“电子邮件使人们之间的沟通更加便捷、高效”符合语境，故选G。 4. 根据后文“In the beginning, many people didn’t have trust in the e-commerce website, but that has changed over time. Now we can order anything like clothing, fashion accessories, machines, books, technology things and so on without visiting physical stores.(一开始，很多人不相信电子商务网站，但随着时间的推移，情况发生了变化。现在我们可以订购任何东西，比如服装、时尚配饰、机器、书籍、科技产品等等，而不用去实体店)”可知，本段主要说明了网络改变了人们的购物习惯。故C选项“我们购物的习惯改变了很多”符合语境，故选C。 5. 根据上文“They can study what they want and whenever they feel the most productive.(他们可以学习他们想要的东西，在他们觉得最有效率的时候学习)”可知，上文提到了学习的内容和时间，推测本句承接上文，说明学习的地点选择。故D选项“他们也可以在家里上网课或者参加在线考试”符合语境，故选D。 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （23-24高一下·陕西咸阳·阶段练习）We’re getting more used to chatting to our computers and smart phones through all kinds of voice assistants. 1 People who can’t read or write can send and get information using the spoken web. Some think voice could soon become the main way to interact online. They believe online interaction would soon depend mainly on the spoken web. 2 Building the spoken web-web-to-voice and voice-to-web—is by no means an easy task. For software, to answer simple questions about the weather and play music for us is easy. 3 AI technology isn’t smart enough yet. Even turning your voice into text is one of the hardest problems for it to solve. There are as many ways to pronounce things as there are people on the planet. Using voice interaction makes people feel much kinder than surfing the net in the old way. 4 But if something speaks, it must also listen. Our phones are always near us and they are constantly collecting our personal information. This has already raised privacy concerns. 5 When you are driving or cooking, the voice assistant will be helpful. On the other hand, in a quiet library, using voice assistants to do something may not be as suitable as typing, as it could disturb others. The effectiveness of using voice depends on the specific surroundings. A．But who can use the spoken web? B．But what are the challenges of moving to the spoken web? C．It is also possible to help teachers give lessons. D．The benefits of using voice obviously depend on the situation you are in. E．The voice of the assistant makes us feel like talking to a real person. F．But to have a conversation with users on different kinds of topics is a long way off. G．Out of these voice assistants, Siri is the most well-known spoken web(语音网络). 【答案】1. G 2. B 3. F 4. E 5. D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语音网络的流行情况以及存在的挑战。 1. 根据上文“We’re getting more used to chatting to our computers and smart phones through all kinds of voice assistants. (我们越来越习惯于通过各种语音助手与电脑和智能手机聊天)”可知，本句应承接上文，继续举例说明语音助手。故G选项“Out of these voice assistants, Siri is the most well-known spoken web (在这些语音助手中，Siri是最知名的口语网络)”符合语境，故选G。 2. 根据上文“Some think voice could soon become the main way to interact online. They believe online interaction would soon depend mainly on the spoken web. (一些人认为语音很快就会成为在线互动的主要方式。他们认为，在线互动很快将主要依靠口头网络。)”以及下一段“Building the spoken web-web-to-voice and voice-to-web—is by no means an easy task.(建立语音网络——网络到语音和语音到网络绝不是一件容易的事。)”可知，后文提到了建立语音网络绝不是一件容易的事，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出语音网络存在挑战。故B选项“But what are the challenges of moving to the spoken web? (但是转向“语音网络”的挑战是什么？)”符合语境。故选B。 3. 根据上文“Building the spoken web-web-to-voice and voice-to-web—is by no means an easy task. For software, to answer simple questions about the weather and play music for us is easy. (建立语音网络——网络到语音和语音到网络绝不是一件容易的事。对于软件来说，回答关于天气的简单问题和为我们播放音乐是很容易的。)”以及后文“AI technology isn’t smart enough yet. Even turning your voice into text is one of the hardest problems for it to solve. There are as many ways to pronounce things as there are people on the planet. (人工智能技术还不够聪明。甚至把你的声音转换成文字也是最难解决的问题之一。地球上有多少人，就有多少种发音方法。)”可知，上文提到了运用语音网络询问关于天气的简单问题，后文则提到了人工智能还不够聪明，可知本句与上文构成转折关系，指出存在的缺点。故F选项“But to have a conversation with users on different kinds of topics is a long way off. (但是与用户就不同的话题进行对话还有很长的路要走)”符合语境，故选F。 4. 根据上文“Using voice interaction makes people feel much kinder than surfing the net in the old way. (使用语音交互让人们感觉比用旧的方式上网更友好。)”以及后文“But if something speaks, it must also listen. Our phones are always near us and they are constantly collecting our personal information. This has already raised privacy concerns.(但如果有东西说话，它也必须倾听。我们的手机总是在我们身边，它们不断地收集我们的个人信息。这已经引起了人们对隐私的担忧。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明语音互动可以带来的亲密感，故E选项“The voice of the assistant makes us feel like talking to a real person. (助理的声音让我们感觉像在和一个真人说话。)”能承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 5. 根据后文“When you are driving or cooking, the voice assistant will be helpful. On the other hand, in a quiet library, using voice assistants to do something may not be as suitable as typing, as it could disturb others. The effectiveness of using voice depends on the specific surroundings. (当你开车或做饭时，语音助手会很有帮助。另一方面，在安静的图书馆里，使用语音助手做一些事情可能不像打字那样合适，因为它可能会打扰别人。使用声音的有效性取决于特定的环境。)”可知，后文提到了使用语音的不同环境，有的环境里使用语音很方便，而有的环境会打扰别人，说明使用语音取决于环境。故D选项“The benefits of using voice obviously depend on the situation you are in.(使用语音的好处显然取决于您所处的环境。)”能承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 Passage 7 （23-24高一下·山西大同·阶段练习）Setting limits on TV and video games for kids isn't always easy in today's screen-filled world. Here are some tips parents can use to decide how to limit their kids' screen time. Model healthy electronic use 1 . Before you watch your favorite Netflix series, remember that you are setting an example to your kids with your own time spent in front of a screen. Keeping the TV on for background noise all the time may not be modeling the screen-related behavior you hope to see in your kids. 2 Today most of kids know more about electronics than adults do. Parents need to stay up-to-date on the latest apps, games, social media platforms and trends (动向). For example, you can't teach your child about the risks of social media unless you understand the dangers yourself. Create "Technology-Free Zones (区域)" Establish zones in your house where electronics simply are not allowed—whether they're cell phones, handheld video games, or laptops. 3 . They are the space you could keep reserved for having meals and family conversations. Set aside time to unplug Set aside time for your whole family to unplug from their technological devices. Dinnertime and family meeting time are two examples. 4 Encourage other activities With a wealth of apps, games, devices and content, it's easy for kids to become dependent on electronics. 5 . Playing outside, reading a book, or even digging out an old board game are just a few ideas. A．Educate yourself on electronics B．Invite questions from your child C．One example is your home's dining room or kitchen D．You can join an online group where you can get support E．Parents need to be role models of screen use for their kids F．Encourage your kids to go for activities that don't need a screen G．When you all agree to do so, your family will spend quality time together 【答案】1. E 2. A 3. C 4. G 5. F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了限制孩子屏幕时间的一些建议和方法。 1. 根据该段标题“Model healthy electronic use”（示范健康使用电子产品）以及下文“Before you watch your favorite Netflix series, remember that you are setting an example to your kids with your own time spent in front of a screen.”（在你看你最喜欢的Netflix电视剧之前，记住你在屏幕前花时间给你的孩子树立了一个榜样。）可知，该段主要讲的是给孩子树立一个良好的榜样和示范。结合选项E项Parents need to be role models of screen use for their kids.（父母需要成为孩子使用屏幕的榜样）和该段主旨意思一致，上下文紧密连接。故选E项。 2. 由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Today most of kids know more about electronics than adults do, Parents need to stay up-to-date on the latest apps, games, social media platforms and trends(动向),For example, you can't teach your child about the risks of social media unless you understand the dangers yourself.”（如今，大多数孩子比成年人更了解电子产品，父母需要了解最新的应用程序、游戏、社交媒体平台和趋势。例如，除非你自己了解社交媒体的危险，否则你无法教会孩子社交媒体的风险。）可知，主要讲的是父母应该自己了解社交媒体的危险。结合选项A项Educate yourself on electronics（自学电子产品知识。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。 3. 根据上文“Establish zones in your house where electronics simply are not allowed—whether they're cell phones, handheld video games, or laptops.”（在你的房子里建立一个禁止电子产品的区域——无论是手机、手持视频游戏还是笔记本电脑。）提到建立一个禁止电子产品的区域。以及下文“They are the space you could keep reserved for having meals and family conversations.”（它们是你可以保留下来吃饭和家庭谈话的空间。）结合选项C项One example is your home's dining room or kitchen.（一个例子是你家的客厅或厨房。）可知，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用，其中下文中的They指的就是空格处提到的客厅或厨房。故选C项。 4. 根据上文“Set aside time for your whole family to unplug from their technological devices, Dinnertime and family meeting time are two examples.”（为你的家人留出一些时间，远离他们的科技产品，晚餐时间和家庭会议时间就是两个例子。）提到为你的家人留出一些时间。结合选项G项When you all agree to do so, your family will spend quality time together.（当你们都同意这样做的时候，你们的家人就可以一起度过美好的时光了。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，符合语境。故选G项。 5. 根据该段标题“Encourage other activities”（鼓励其他活动）以及下文“Playing outside, reading a book, or even digging out an old board game are just a few ideas.”（在户外玩耍，看书，甚至是挖掘一个古老的棋盘游戏都是一些想法。）可知，该段主要讲的是鼓励孩子做一些其他活动。结合选项F项Encourage your kids to go for activities that don't need a screen.（鼓励你的孩子去做一些不需要屏幕的活动。）可知，和该段主旨意思一致，同时呼应标题，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 Passage 8 （23-24高一下·江苏无锡·期中）If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. 1 Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analyzed the data across 50 countries. The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. 2 In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice. 3 Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I love you”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women. Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. 4 To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. 5 For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against Internet attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience. A．As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats. B．The findings show that passwords tell our emotions and our identity. C．Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information. D．These are among the most popular passwords around the world. E．The report also reflected different preferences between genders. F．People in some countries take inspiration from a football team. G．They need the support of computer experts. 【答案】1. D 2. F 3. E 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们使用网络密码的现状并提出了应对措施。 1. 上文“If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. (如果你使用‘23456’、‘password’或‘qwerty’作为密码，你可能已经意识到你有被黑客攻击的风险。但你并不孤单)”说明人们最常使用的密码形式，D项“这些是世界上最流行的密码中的一些。”承接上文，指出上文中提到的密码是非常流行的密码，符合语境，选项中“These”指代上文提及的密码样例。故选D。 2. 下文“In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice.(在英国，‘利物浦’是第三大热门密码，点击量为224160次，而智利足球俱乐部‘科洛科洛’的名字在智利有15748人使用，是第五大热门密码)”列举了两支著名的球队名称，说明足球相关的词汇也会被设置为密码，空处应讲述有些国家的人的密码设置受到喜欢的球队的影响；F项“一些国家的人们从足球队中获得灵感。”与下文描述一致，符合题意。故选F。 3. 空处是本段的主旨句，下文“Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I love you”, while men often use sports-related passwords.(女性倾向于使用更积极、更深情的单词和短语，比如‘阳光’或‘我爱你’，而男性则经常使用与体育相关的密码)”说明本段主要讲述男性和女性在设置密码上的差异；E项“报告还反映了不同性别的偏好。”与本段描述内容一致，适合作为段落主旨句。故选E。 4. 上文“But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. (但我们知道，人们继续选择易破的密码，而且通常不会安全地管理它们)”说明人们选择不安全密码，并且通常没有安全管理密码；A项“因此，他们将自己置于潜在的网络安全威胁之下。”介绍使用不安全密码的后果，承接上文，符合题意。故选A。 5. 下文“For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码 ).(例如，双因素身份验证（2FA）和多因素身份验证（MFA）方法是保护您的帐户的好方法。这些方法将密码与生物识别信息（例如，面部扫描或指纹）或其他可识别的信息（如验证码)结合起来）”举例说明保护个人信息的方法，C项“此外，还有其他方法可以保护您的个人信息。”介绍有保护个人信息的其他方法，引出下文的例子，符合题意。故选C。 Passage 9 （23-24高一下·江苏宿迁·期中）Social media is a double-edged sword. It can be good or bad, depending on how people use it. Here are several ways to help one use it responsibly. 1 Social media can be a big waste of time if you spend most of your day looking through what other people post, commenting on and liking things, or looking at every message on your device. Instead, you should learn to practice some self-control and limit your usage every day. 2 Afterward, set an amount of time for your social media use, such as 10 minutes every time. Think twice before posting something. Materials posted on social media are often more lasting than you think. And even if your post is deleted, words and images you upload on these platforms can remain online and be difficult to remove. 3 Therefore, before posting something online, consider if it would negatively affect others. If it is, then don’t post it. 4 This can destroy your reputation or others’. Learn to check the truth of things that you see. Some of the things you see on social media might not necessarily be true, especially when it comes to news and information. You may immediately believe what you see and read. The danger of this behavior is that you might be spreading misinformation if you share what you have seen before checking the truth of the post. 5 Check from other sources whether what you have seen and read is true. Ask opinions from other people. A．Follow those that matter to you. B．Don’t let social media eat all your time. C．And you never know where they might end up. D．What’s more, avoid posting unprofessional photos or bad comments. E．Social media can have a powerful impact on a person’s emotional state. F．Just make it a practice to research the accuracy of any information or image. G．For example, try setting specific times per day when you check your social media accounts. 【答案】1. B 2. G 3. C 4. D 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。社交媒体是一把双刃剑。它既可以是好事，也可以是坏事，这取决于人们如何使用它。文章主要介绍了一些帮助人们负责任地使用社交媒体的方法。 1. 此处是本段小标题，根据下文“Social media can be a big waste of time if you spend most of your day looking through what other people post, commenting on and liking things, or looking at every message on your device. Instead, you should learn to practice some self-control and limit your usage every day.(如果你每天花大部分时间浏览别人发布的内容、评论和点赞，或者查看设备上的每条消息，那么社交媒体可能会浪费你大量的时间。相反，你应该学会自我控制，限制自己每天的使用量)”可知，本段主要介绍不要让社交媒体浪费你所有的时间，B项“不要让社交媒体占用你所有的时间。”符合题意，故选B。 2. 上文“Instead, you should learn to practice some self-control and limit your usage every day.(相反，你应该学会自我控制，限制自己每天的使用量)”指出要控制使用社交媒体的时间，空处承接上文，指出具体怎么做，G项“例如，尝试设置每天检查社交媒体帐户的特定时间。”符合题意，给出例子告诉我们该如何控制使用社交媒体的时间，故选G。 3. 根据本段小标题“Think twice before posting something.(发布内容前请三思)”可知，本段主要介绍在社交媒体上发布内容前要三思，下文“Materials posted on social media are often more lasting than you think. And even if your post is deleted, words and images you upload on these platforms can remain online and be difficult to remove.(社交媒体上发布的材料往往比你想象的更持久。即使你的帖子被删除，你在这些平台上上传的文字和图片仍会保留在网上，很难删除)”解释了原因，空处也应承接上文，指出在社交媒体上发布内容前要三思的原因，C项“你永远不知道它们最终会去往何方。”符合题意，they代指上文提到的Materials posted on social media，故选C。 4. 上文“Therefore, before posting something online, consider if it would negatively affect others. If it is, then don’t post it.(因此，在网上发布内容之前，请考虑它是否会对他人产生负面影响。如果是，那么就不要发布)”指出在发布内容前要深思熟虑，即考虑是否对他人产生负面影响，空处承接上文，也应指出该如何做，D项“此外，避免发布不专业的照片或负面评论”符合题意，故选D。 5. 上文“Some of the things you see on social media might not necessarily be true, especially when it comes to news and information. You may immediately believe what you see and read. The danger of this behavior is that you might be spreading misinformation if you share what you have seen before checking the truth of the post.(你在社交媒体上看到的一些事情不一定是真的，尤其是新闻和信息。你可能会立即相信你所看到和读到的内容。这种行为的危险在于，如果你在核实帖子的真实性之前就分享你所看到的内容，你可能会传播错误的信息)”指出在社交媒体上看到的一些事情不一定是真的并指出了其危害，所以我们要核实信息的准确性，F项“养成研究任何信息或图像的准确性的习惯。”符合题意，故选F。 Passage 10 （23-24高一下·浙江·期中）As the world struggles to deal with the climate crisis, some companies are working to remove polluting carbon dioxide from the air. 1 But two US companies have recently made important progress. Scientists say large amounts of CO2 must be removed from the CO2 atmosphere and stored. 2 But there’s so much CO2 in the atmosphere that just planting trees and protecting forests won’t solve the problem. And, when plants and trees die, the carbon they’ve stored gets released again. That means humans need to come up with ways of removing carbon from the air and storing it. This is called Direct Air Capture(DAC). The science of removing carbon from the air is challenging, and it’s still pretty new. 3 So one puzzle for these companies is how to remove carbon without creating more pollution. A company called Heirloom has just opened the first DAC plant in the United States. The company heats up the limestone to separate out the CO2, which is concrete. The process is extremely expensive. 4 That’s a tiny amount compared to how much carbon needs to be removed from the atmosphere, but the company says it hopes to remove a billion tons per year by 2035. 5 Some people worry that it will take too long for DAC technology to become powerful enough to make a difference. Others worry that focusing on removing carbon could take attention away from more important climate actions, like switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy. But experts say the decision isn’t to do one or the other. The world needs to end fossil fuel use and pull carbon out of the air. A．Plants and trees do this naturally. B．That’s a huge and challenging goal. C．Not everyone is excited about carbon removal. D．Graphyte is another US company working on DAC． E．The new plant can remove 1,000 tons of CO2 a year. F．Most DAC processes require a large amount of energy. G．As a matter of fact, CO2 is just a small part of the gases that make up air. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. F 4. E 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“从空气中去除二氧化碳”这一主题展开，介绍了科学家们对于从大气中去除并储存大量二氧化碳的观点、目前面临的挑战、以及两家美国公司在这一领域取得的进展。同时，也提到了人们对于直接空气捕获（DAC）技术的不同看法和担忧。 1. 根据空前“As the world struggles to deal with the climate crisis, some companies are working to remove polluting carbon dioxide from the air.(在全球努力应对气候危机之际，一些公司正在努力消除空气中的污染二氧化碳。)”可知，很多公司都在努力消除空气中的污染二氧化碳。选项B“That’s a huge and challenging goal.(这是一个巨大而具有挑战性的目标。)”自然延续上文内容，指出消除空气中的污染二氧化碳是一个巨大而具有挑战性的目标；同时引出空后内容“But two US companies have recently made important progress.(但两家美国公司最近取得了重要进展。)”。选项B与上下文内容相符，有承上启下的作用。故选B。 2. 根据下文内容“But there’s so much CO2 in the atmosphere that just planting trees and protecting forests won’t solve the problem. And, when plants and trees die, the carbon they’ve stored gets released again.(但是大气中有太多的二氧化碳，仅仅植树和保护森林并不能解决这个问题。而且，当植物和树木死亡时，它们储存的碳会再次释放出来。)”可推测，空处和植物从二氧化碳大气中去除大量的二氧化碳并将其储存起来相关。选项A“Plants and trees do this naturally.(植物和树木自然会这样做。)”中的“this”指的是空前“Scientists say large amounts of CO2 must be removed from the CO2 atmosphere and stored.(科学家表示，必须从二氧化碳大气中去除大量的二氧化碳并将其储存起来。)”中的“large amounts of CO2 must be removed from the CO2 atmosphere and stored”，同时和下文保持一致。故选A。 3. 根据空前的“That means humans need to come up with ways of removing carbon from the air and storing it. This is called Direct Air Capture(DAC). The science of removing carbon from the air is challenging, and it’s still pretty new.(这意味着人类需要想出从空气中去除碳并储存碳的方法。这被称为直接空气捕获(DAC)。从空气中去除碳的科学是具有挑战性的，而且它仍然很新。)”可知，空前提到了DAC。选项F“Most DAC processes require a large amount of energy.(大多数DAC过程需要大量的能量。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指出DAC过程需要大量的能量，从而自然引出下文“So one puzzle for these companies is how to remove carbon without creating more pollution.(因此，这些公司面临的一个难题是如何在不造成更多污染的情况下去除碳。)”。故选F。 4. 根据空前的“A company called Heirloom has just opened the first DAC plant in the United States. The company heats up the limestone to separate out the CO2, which is concrete. The process is extremely expensive.(一家名为Heirloom的公司刚刚在美国开设了第一家DAC工厂。该公司加热石灰石，分离出二氧化碳，也就是混凝土。这个过程非常昂贵。)”可知，一家名为Heirloom的公司刚刚开设了第一家DAC工厂。选项E“The new plant can remove 1,000 tons of CO2 a year.(新工厂每年可以去除1000吨二氧化碳。)”自然延续上文内容，指的是新工厂每年可以去除1000吨二氧化碳。同时与空后“That’s a tiny amount compared to how much carbon needs to be removed from the atmosphere, but the company says it hopes to remove a billion tons per year by 2035.(与需要从大气中去除的碳量相比，这是微不足道的，但该公司表示，希望到2035年每年能去除10亿吨碳。)”相一致。故选E。 5. 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Some people worry that it will take too long for DAC technology to become powerful enough to make a difference. Others worry that focusing on removing carbon could take attention away from more important climate actions, like switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy. But experts say the decision isn’t to do one or the other. The world needs to end fossil fuel use and pull carbon out of the air.(有些人担心DAC技术需要很长时间才能变得强大到足以发挥作用。另一些人则担心，专注于消除碳排放可能会分散人们对更重要的气候行动的注意力，比如从化石燃料转向可再生能源。但专家表示，这个决定并不是选择其中之一。世界需要停止使用化石燃料，减少空气中的碳。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是人们对DAC技术的担忧。选项C“Not everyone is excited about carbon removal.(不是每个人都对除碳感到兴奋。)”是上文内容的总结，指的是不是每个人都对除碳感到兴奋，有不少人对该技术表示担忧。故选C。 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （23-24高一下·广东河源·开学考试）We live in a world where we are usually exposed to (接触) news on social media that can be scary, upsetting, or confusing. 1 However, as Mr. Rogers, the beloved host of a children’s show, once said, “When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my mother would say to me, ‘Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helpful.’ ” One of the places where we can look for “the helpers” is on social media platforms. 2 For example, Ryan Kaji is a 9-year-old boy who runs the channel Ryan’s World. He makes videos about science experiments and games that are fun and educational for kids. He also donates to charities and causes that he cares about. 3 One problem is finding reliable (可靠) and exact sources of information. Not all content on social media platforms is trustworthy. Some content creators may just want to make money from ads. Therefore, it is important to judge the reliability of the sources before we trust their content. Another challenge is keeping a healthy balance between online and offline activities. Spending too much time online can do harm to our physical health, such as causing headaches or sleep problems. Therefore, it is important to limit our screen time by doing other activities. 4 Looking for helpers on social media can be a valuable way to find hope and comfort in difficulty. 5 Then we will form our own opinions. We can also be helpers ourselves by sharing helpful content on social media that can make a difference in the world. A．We’d better find some topics to talk about with the helper. B．Exercising, reading, and learning art are all good choices. C．Phones and computers have made information easier to gain. D．They offer a lot of content that can educate or support young viewers. E．It enables us to see things from different viewpoints and learn new things. F．However, looking for helpers on social media also comes with some challenges. G．Sometimes, it can be hard to deal with the negative thoughts that these events cause. 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. F 4. B 5. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社交媒体上的负面新闻会引起消极的想法，有时很难处理这些消极的想法，可以在社交媒体平台上寻找“帮手”，文章讲述了这种做法的挑战及好处。 1. 上文“We live in a world where we are usually exposed to (接触) news on social media that can be scary, upsetting, or confusing.(我们生活在这样一个世界里，我们经常在社交媒体上看到可怕的、令人不安的或令人困惑的新闻)”提到，样一个世界里，我们经常在社交媒体上看到可怕的、令人不安的或令人困惑的新闻，根据下文“However, as Mr. Rogers, the beloved host of a children’s show, once said, “When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my mother would say to me, ‘Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helpful.’ ”(然而，正如深受喜爱的儿童节目主持人Rogers先生曾经说过的那样，“当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常在新闻中看到可怕的事情，我妈妈会对我说，‘去找帮手吧。你总能找到乐于助人的人。’”)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，应是提到对于负面新闻导致的情绪无法独自处理的情况，G项“有时候，处理这些事件引起的消极想法是很困难的”符合语境，故选G。 2. 上文“One of the places where we can look for “the helpers” is on social media platforms.(我们可以在社交媒体平台上寻找‘帮手’)”提到我们可以在社交媒体平台上寻找“帮手”，D项“它们提供了很多可以教育或支持年轻观众的内容”承接上文，说明社交平台可以提供一些帮助，D项中的“They”指代上文的“social media platforms”，故选D。 3. 根据下文“One problem is finding reliable (可靠) and exact sources of information. Not all content on social media platforms is trustworthy.(一个问题是找到可靠的和准确的信息来源。并非社交媒体平台上的所有内容都值得信赖)”可知，此处描述社交媒体平台的问题，与上一段之间是转折关系，F项“然而，在社交媒体上寻找帮手也面临着一些挑战”符合语境，故选F。 4. 上文“Spending too much time online can do harm to our physical health, such as causing headaches or sleep problems. Therefore, it is important to limit our screen time by doing other activities.(花太多时间上网会损害我们的身体健康，比如引起头痛或睡眠问题。因此，通过做其他活动来限制看屏幕的时间是很重要的)”提到花太多时间上网会损害我们的身体健康，可以做一些其他活动代替，B项“锻炼、阅读和学习艺术都是不错的选择”承接上文，举例说明一些具体的活动，故选B。 5. 根据上文“Looking for helpers on social media can be a valuable way to find hope and comfort in difficulty.(在社交媒体上寻找帮手是在困难中找到希望和安慰的宝贵途径)”和下文“Then we will form our own opinions.(然后我们会形成我们自己的观点)”可知，此处是说明在社交媒体寻找帮手的好处，E项“它使我们能够从不同的角度看待事物并学习新事物”能够承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 Passage 12 （23-24高一下·山东泰安·期中）As we know, the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. It makes communication much more convenient. 1 Nowadays, your friends are just a click away. Whenever someone needs help, friends from all over the world can immediately provide useful suggestions or information. Online communication can actually bring people closer to each other. In spite of this, some people believe that the Internet has many negative aspects. 2 Images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. Important social skills are developed through direct contact. It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships. The Internet can make people self-centred. 3 For example, instead of having proper conversations with friends, some people are only concerned with their online popularity — How many “likes” did I get? How many followers do I have? — though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships. 4 Posts about funny cat images do not necessarily help form meaningful relationship. Online relationships may not be what they appear to be. Friendships are built on the basis of trust. With online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. 5 In my opinion, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and less on online communication. This is the best way to maintain healthy relationships. A．The Internet has completely changed people’s lives. B．They never think of anyone or anything but themselves. C．Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact. D．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are. E．It’s impolite to post embarrassing information of other people. F．In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is of little value. G．Going online can be dangerous if you are easily influenced or too trusting. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. F 5. G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍互联网的一些负面影响。 1. 由上文“As we know, the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. It makes communication much more convenient.(正如我们所知，互联网可以在很多方面帮助发展友谊。它使交流更加方便。)”可知，这里主要讲互联网让交流更加方便，而D项You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are.(无论身在何处，你都可以与朋友保持联系。)符合语境，表明互联网可以让你无论那里都可以保持交流，与上文much more convenient对应，有承上作用。故选D项。 2. 由下文“Images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. Important social skills are developed through direct contact. It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.(照片真的无法取代现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。育儿专家Denise Daniels表示，通过屏幕交流会让孩子更难集中注意力或对他人表现出善意。重要的社交技能是通过直接接触发展起来的。正是这些技能使我们能够发展终身友谊。)”可知，这里主要讲网络交流相对于面对面交流的一些弊端，所以C项Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact.(在线交谈无法取代面对面的接触。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中face-to-face contact与下文direct contact对应。故选C项。 3. 由上文“The Internet can make people self-centred. (互联网可以使人们以自我为中心。)”以及下文举例可知，本段主要讲互联网使人以自我为中心，而B项They never think of anyone or anything but themselves.(除了他们自己，他们从不为任何人或任何事着想。)符合语境，其中They代指上文people，never think of anyone or anything but themselves也与上文self-centred对应。故选B项。 4. 由下文“Posts about funny cat images do not necessarily help form meaningful relationship.(关于有趣的猫图片的帖子并不一定有助于建立有意义的关系。)”可知，这里主要讲网上发表的内容不一定有助于建立有意义的关系，而F项In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is of little value.(此外，社交媒体上发布的许多内容都没有什么价值。)符合语境，其中of little value与下文not necessarily help form meaningful relationship对应，有启下作用。故选F项。 5. 由上文“Online relationships may not be what they appear to be. Friendships are built on the basis of trust. With online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. (网络关系可能并不像表面上看起来的那样。友谊建立在信任的基础上。通过在线交流，你永远无法100%确定与你聊天的人是否诚实。)”可知，这里主要讲网上交友不一定可信，而G项Going online can be dangerous if you are easily influenced or too trusting.(如果你很容易受到影响或过于信任，上网可能会很危险。)符合语境，其中 dangerous与上文you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are对应，所以有承上作用。故选G项。 Passage 13 （23-24高一下·贵州六盘水·期中）Who said that you can only use the Internet to socialize with your friends and family? You may actually put your Internet usage to good use by doing something productive. 1 Here are some ways you can learn a new language on the Internet. Talk to people who live in other countries Did you know you can also pickup languages if you actually talk-to people who live in the area where the languages are spoken fluently? 2 However, now it is something that you can easily achieve even just by using the Internet on your phone. 3 You can listen to English news for language beginners. They tend to simplify it so that you wouldn’t have a problem learning a new language. Another simple way that you can use is to stream a movie that is in another language and just be sure to have your English subtitles (字幕) on. Use an app on your phone One of the simplest methods that are also really fun is that you download an app on your phone that can effectively teach you a language. These apps usually allow you to learn more than one language. 4 Consider joining an online school Another effective method is that you can join an online school where you can practice listening and speaking. 5 This would avoid your need to travel to a physical school to learn a language. A．Keep your ears open. B．Stream online movies. C．The more you practice, the better you will get. D．This would have been difficult to do in the past. E．For example, you can use the Internet to learn a new language. F．You can also join other online schools to learn more language skills. G．They make the process fun so that you don’t get bored along the way. 【答案】1. E 2. D 3. A 4. G 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是在网上学习一门新语言的方法。 1. 空前“Who said that you can only use the Internet to socialize with your friends and family? You may actually put your Internet usage to good use by doing something productive.(谁说你只能用互联网与你的朋友和家人交往？实际上，你可以通过做一些有成效的事情来充分利用互联网。)”说到除了与家人朋友交往以后，你可以用互联网来做一些有成效的事情，空格处应该说可以用互联网来干什么有成效的事情，E选项“For example, you can use the Internet to learn a new language.(例如，你可以利用互联网学习一门新的语言。)”中的“learn a new language(学习一门新的语言)”和空后“learn a new language(学习一门新的语言)”相一致，说明了还可以用互联网来学习新的语言，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 2. 空前“Did you know you can also pickup languages if you actually talk-to people who live in the area where the languages are spoken fluently?(你知道吗？如果你和生活在语言流利地区的人交谈，你也可以学习语言。)”说到了和语言流利地区的人交谈，空后“However, now it is something that you can easily achieve even just by using the Internet on your phone.(然而，现在你可以很容易地通过手机上网来实现。)”说明了现在可以通过互联网很容易实现一件事，因此空格处应该说和流利地区的人交谈在以前不容易，D选项“This would have been difficult to do in the past.(这在过去是很难做到的。)”说明了前面讲的事情，即和流利地区的人交谈在以前不容易，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。 3. 空格处是本段小标题，由空后“You can listen to English news for language beginners. They tend to simplify it so that you wouldn’t have a problem learning a new language. Another simple way that you can use is to stream a movie that is in another language and just be sure to have your English subtitles (字幕) on.(你可以为语言初学者听英语新闻。他们倾向于简化它，这样你学习一门新语言就不会有问题。另一种简单的方法是播放另一种语言的电影，但要确保有英文字幕。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要听英语新闻，看英语电影，都是关于听的，A选项“Keep your ears open.(张开你的耳朵。)”说明了要听英语，概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A。 4. 空前“One of the simplest methods that are also really fun is that you download an app on your phone that can effectively teach you a language. These apps usually allow you to learn more than one language.(最简单也很有趣的方法之一就是在手机上下载一个可以有效教你一门语言的应用程序。这些应用程序通常可以让你学习不止一种语言。)”提到了在手机上下载教语言的应用程序是一个有趣的方式，空格处应该说这些应用程序会有什么好处，G选项“They make the process fun so that you don’t get bored along the way.(它们让这个过程变得有趣，这样你就不会在过程中感到无聊。)”中的they指代的是前面的“These apps”，说的是这些应用程序可以让人不会感到无聊，和前面的“有趣”相呼应，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 5. 空前“Another effective method is that you can join an online school where you can practice listening and speaking.(另一个有效的方法是你可以加入一个在线学校，在那里你可以练习听力和口语。)”说明你可以在一个在线学校练习听力和口语，空格处应该说还可以在哪里学习另外的语言技能，F选项“You can also join other online schools to learn more language skills.(你也可以加入其他在线学校学习更多的语言技能。)”说明了你可以在其他的在线学校学习更多的语言技能，其中“other online schools(其他在线学校)”和前面的“an online school(一个在线学校)”承接，“more language skills(更多的语言技能)”和前面的“listening and speaking(听力和口语)”相一致，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 Passage 14 （23-24高一下·湖北·期末）In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. 1 This is where critical thinking steps in, helping humans stay ahead in an increasingly automated (自动化的) world. Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. 2 Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. 3 Critical thinkers are able to question the AI's outputs, challenge its assumptions, and ensure that decisions are based on a full understanding of the problem at hand instead of being influenced by these biases and errors. 4 In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. 5 In conclusion, critical thinking is vital in the age of artificial intelligence, ensuring a future that is both technologically advanced and human-centered. A．It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects. B．It enables people to understand the world in various ways. C．Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). D．Critical thinking ensures human advantage in logical reasoning. E．Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. F．Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. G．AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. 【答案】1. G 2. A 3. E 4. C 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了在人工智能时代，批判性思维对于人类的重要性，强调其在应对AI局限、促进创新和确保道德决策中的关键作用。 1. 上文“In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. (在人工智能（AI）的时代，人类中批判性思维的需求变得至关重要)”这句话强调了在AI盛行的时代，批判性思维对人类的重要。G选项AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. (尽管AI取得了令人印象深刻的进步，但它缺乏深度理解的能力)直接回应了为何在AI时代批判性思维对人类如此重要——因为AI缺乏深度理解和判断力，而这是人类通过批判性思维可以弥补的。故选G项。 2. 上文“Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. (批判性思维是积极而巧妙地分析、评估和构建论点的过程。它涉及质疑假设、识别偏见以及根据逻辑和证据做出明智决策的能力)”这段话阐述了批判性思维的定义，根据下文的“Firstly”“Moreover”等可知，后文讲到的多方面人工智能的局限性都可以由批判性思维来弥补。由此可知，A选项It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects.(批判性思维可以在许多方面弥补人工智能的不足之处)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。 3. 上文“Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. (首先，人工智能系统被设计为在预定义的参数和数据集内运行。他们擅长模式识别和数据分析，但经常与意外情况作斗争。拥有批判性思维技能的人类可以识别和解决这些盲点，调整他们的方法来应对不可预见的挑战) ”提到了人类运用批判性思维技能可以识别并解决AI系统的盲点。E选项Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. (此外，人工智能还受到训练数据中的偏见和错误的影响。) 是最能填入空白处的句子，因为它既承接了上文关于AI局限性的讨论，又为下文讨论人类批判性思维的优势提供了自然的过渡。故选E项。 4. 下文“In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. (在人工智能自动化日常任务的世界里，批判性和创造性思维的能力成为一个独特的因素。它使人类能够产生新颖的想法，以独特的方式解决问题，并为社会进步做出贡献)”这段话强调了在AI自动化了许多日常任务的情况下，批判性思维和创造力成为人类区别于机器的关键能力。C选项Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). (批判性思维鼓励创造力和创新) 和这部分内容完全呼应，并且选项C中的“creativity and innovation (创造力和创新)”直接对应本句话中的“generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways (产生新颖的想法，以独特的方式解决问题)”。故选C项。 5. 上文“Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. (在人工智能时代，道德考虑也至关重要。随着人工智能系统越来越多地做出影响人们生活的决定，道德判断和批判性思维的必要性怎么强调都不为过)”讨论了AI决策的道德层面，强调了在AI时代道德判断和批判性思维的重要性。F选项Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. (批判性思考者能够评估潜在的社会影响并作出道德决策) 直接与上文讨论的道德考量和批判性思维在AI决策中的作用相呼应，说明了批判性思维者能够评估社会影响和做出道德决策方面发挥关键作用。故选F项。 Passage 15 （23-24高二下·河南信阳·阶段练习）Sometimes you may feel like privacy, as a concept, has disappeared from the world. 1 Thus they can serve up frighteningly accurate ads that make you think your phone’s microphone has been turned on and marketers are actively listening to your every word. They’re not—  yet. But they are engaged in something called “datamining”. This is the process of collecting enormous amounts of unknown data from your every connected activity and then analyzing that data to fill your life with advertisements and other influences. Datamining gives away your privacy. You may find it quite impossible to avoid. 2 Check settings carefully. When you install (安装) an app on your device, you probably click through a series of permissions, But an app may require many unnecessary permissions. You may doubt whether a game really needs access to your microphone, location, and camera. 3 Take the next line of defense: stop installing garbage free apps and spend that dollar. 4 Social media is very obviously a landfill when it comes to privacy. If your main goal on social media is to connect with friends or colleagues, restrict the reach of your posts to just those folks. And don’t expose your travel plans, spending habits, or product reviews out into the universe. Remember to log out. 5 And as long as you’re signed in, that ability continues — even if you leave the site. It’s an inconvenience indeed, but logging out of those services when you’re not actively using them and clearing cookies and history regularly can slowdown the mining of data. A．Be “boring” on social media. B．Mind your comments on social media. C．But you can minimize your exposure to it. D．Advertisers certainly seem to know everything about you. E．You should assume it is more of a data-mining app than anything else. F．Upon logging into platforms like Google, your activities are monitored. G．Online platforms have some hidden traps in which you will be cheated often. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在信息窃取情况泛滥的当下，人们该如何尽可能减少隐私曝光呢?本文给出了三种方法。 1. 设空处下文的“Thus they can serve up frighteningly accurate ads that make you think your phone’s microphone has been turned on and marketers are actively listening to your every word. (因此，他们可以提供极其精确的广告，让你觉得你的手机麦克风已被打开，营销人员正在积极监听你的每一句话。)” 提到广告推销人员正在积极倾听你说的每一句话。由此可知，D项“Advertisers certainly seem to know everything about you.(广告商似乎知道你的所有信息。)”与下文呈因果关系，下文的they指代选项中的Advertisers。故选D。 2. 根据上文的“Datamining gives away your privacy. You may find it quite impossible to avoid.(数据挖掘泄露了用户隐私，你可能发现这不可避免。)” 可知，数据挖掘泄露用户隐私不可避免，由此可知，C项“But you can minimize your exposure to it.(但你可以尽量减少与它的接触。)”与上文呈转折关系，符合语境。故选C。 3. 根据小标题“Check settings carefully.（仔细检查安装的设置。）”以及根据空前的“But an app may require many unnecessary permissions. You may doubt whether a game really needs access to your microphone, location, and camera.（但应用程序可能需要许多不必要的权限。你可能会怀疑游戏是否真的需要访问你的麦克风、位置和摄像头。）” 可知，某个应用程序或许想获得一些不必要的许可，如打开你的麦克风，定位和摄像头，你可能也会怀疑其合理性。且下文的“Take the next line of defense: stop installing garbage free apps and spend that dollar.（采取下一道防线：停止安装无垃圾应用程序和花掉那一美元。）”提到要采取行动防护。 由此可知，E 项“You should assume it is more of a data-mining app than anything else. (你应该猜到这更像是一个数据窃取的应用程序。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 4. 设空处为本段的小标题。根据下文“ If your main goal on social media is to connect with friends or colleagues, restrict the reach of your posts to just those folks. And don’t expose your travel plans, spending habits, or product review s out into the universe. (如果你在社交媒体上的主要目标是与朋友或同事联系，那就把你的帖子限制在这些人的范围内。不要把你的旅行计划、消费习惯或产品评论泄露出去。)” 可知，这些措施都是让人们在社交平台上谨慎不张扬外露，正好对应了boring 的引申义。由此可知，A 项“Be ‘boring’ on social media.(在社交媒体上表现得‘无聊’一些。)”符合语境。故选A。 5. 本段提供的方法是“Remember to log out.（记得退出登录。)”,根据下文的 “And as long as you’re signed in, that ability continues—even if you leave the site.” (只要你登录了，不管在线与否，这种监控行为都会持续。)由此可知，F项“Upon logging into platforms like Google, your activities are monitored. (当你登陆了诸如谷歌等平台，你的活动就会被监控。)”可承接下文，符合语境。故选F。 高一下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$专题-S232七选五 人教版必修二 题型特训 UNIT 3：The Internet 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·山东聊城·阶段练习）Internet is fun. And it’s fine to chat. But you must be careful. Read our advice so you can be safe on the net! Use a nickname in chatting rooms. Chat in public areas, not the private areas. 1 , as someone can use this to identify (骚扰) you. And don’t give your phone number.Use different passwords. And keep your passwords secret: this protects you from identity theft (偷盗). 2 3 When a person bullies (恐吓) you, don’t respond—that is what they want you to do. Always tell a parent, trusted adult or a teacher. They can report the bully to the Internet Service Provider. 4 Many teenagers want to meet new online friends. This can be very dangerous. It’s very easy to create false identities online. NEVER arrange a meeting on your own. 5 Arrange the meeting in a public place during the day and take a friend or your mom or dad. A．Don’t agree to meet someone secretly B．Make notes of names, times and contact details C．Don’t tell your friends your passwords D．Don’t give personal information E．Online bullying is a big problem F．That’s easy. G．Enjoy your own club! Passage 2 （23-24高一下·江苏连云港·期中）Do you really need a new phone every 2 years? If you’re looking to replace or upgrade your smartphone in the coming year, think it over. 1 Do you simply have the desire to get the new, shiny tech? There are some issues to consider besides the new device’s affordability. Our desire to always have the newest smartphone comes at a high environmental cost. According to Swappie, which repairs and resells iPhones, 1.4 billion new smartphones forecast to be shipped this year will generate 146 million tons of planet-warming emissions. 2 What can you do ? Resist the desire to upgrade. If your phone still works, get as much life as you can out of it. “The greenest smart-phone is the one you already own,” Stratton said. Get it fixed. If your phone breaks, get it repaired directly by the manufacturer or take it to a store to repair your phone brand. 3 Sell it instead of throwing it. You can sell your used smartphone to specialized repairing companies like Swappie to give it a second life. 4 This is because of the materials used to produce them. 5 If your phone is completely broken and cannot be sold, you can still recycle it. You just need to do a little bit of research into how and where to correctly recycle it. A．Make it functioned. B．Recycle it properly. C．Do you really need a new phone? D．Broken phones can still be valuable. E．Where can you get a new smartphone? F．83% of them come from producing, shipping and first-year usage. G．A broken or out-of-order phone can often be fixed through easy repairs. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·安徽合肥·期中）The online mapping is a way to use maps available online to provide a number of functions that traditional maps have provided for years. 1 Meanwhile, there are other types of maps available as well, such as nautical maps (航海地图). One advantage of the online mapping is the ability to custom-make a map for an individual based on particular needs. 2 Thus, the map is much more than a graph of roads; it is a custom-made printing specifically based on a desired route. In addition, the online mapping also usually includes text directions that can help provide yet another affirmation (确认) of the route. These text directions are often displayed in conjunction with any map that is shown and is printable. 3 Traditional maps may only be updated once a year just before they are published. 4 It can be updated in real time. A map can indeed be update d on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis, but it does not necessarily mean that it will be. Even the most thorough mapping services may not be able to keep up with all the construction projects and changes on any given day. 5 . Some maps may only show the route the driver should take, without other streets being listed. Also, there is no way for an online mapping service to inform travelers if they do wander off the route prescribed. A．It depends on how often they are updated. B．However, the online mapping has no such limitations. C．There are some disadvantages of using the online mapping. D．The most common application is probably the road mapping. E．Some of them fail to provide accurate maps and directions. F．This can help a traveler remove all unnecessary information. G．So it’s convenient for those who need to take their maps with them. Passage 4 （23-24高一下·河北石家庄·期中）The QR-code menu—which you access by scanning a black-and-white square with your smartphone—has taken off. 1 But I hope not, because I hate those digital menus. For restaurants, QR-code menus offer potential (潜在的) benefits beyond putting germ-averse (厌恶细菌的) customers at greater ease. In the near future, restaurants might use dynamic menus(动态菜单). 2 Besides, the prices of some dishes could also rise or fall to better match supply with demand. 3 QR-code menus will force a distraction (分心) during the dining. You may just be checking to see what you want your next drink to be. However, from there it’s easy to start checking texts and emails. Research conducted before the pandemic suggests that, even if everyone is able to avoid checking an incoming text message, just having a phone out on the table makes a meal less fun for all involved. 4 The social-psychology researcher Ryan Dwyer and his colleagues randomly asked some people to keep their phone out when dining with friends and others to put it away. “We found that groups asked to use their phones enjoyed the experience less than groups that did not use their phones,” Dwyer said, “mainly due to the fact that participants with phones were more distracted.” QR-code menus reduce privacy, too. 5 Many of the codes are actually generated by a different company that collects, uses, and then often shares your personal information. In fact, companies that provide QR codes to restaurants like to talk about all the personal information you are sharing along with that food order: your location, your gender, your age group, and other information about you and your period. A．QR codes have been around for a while. B．I came across a study published in 2021. C．QR-code menus are not really an advance. D．It seems that they are likely to take the place of restaurant menus. E．Diners who use them aren’t just communicating with the restaurant. F．QR codes also present a great data collection opportunity for restaurants G．Dishes disappear from them when kitchen runs out of the necessary materials. Passage 5 （23-24高一下·河南周口·阶段练习）The Internet is a global network, which allows digital information to travel around the world. Let’s view some most popular uses of the Internet. Information search We search for information every day. 1 . Search engines then provide us with valuable and useful data, information and knowledge at any time, instantly upon our request. 2 One of the most significant and popular use of the Internet is email. Email is a common thing that a majority of people check after they have logged (登录) on to the Internet. 3 . Besides the email, today, there are many other online tools and online chat software apps for audio and video chat. Online shopping 4 . In the beginning, many people didn’t have trust in the e-commerce website, but that has changed over time. Now we can order anything like clothing, fashion accessories, machines, books, technology things and so on without visiting physical stores. Education The Internet plays an important role in effectively shaping today’s school education process. It has the availability and the quality of learning for many students. They can study what they want and whenever they feel the most productive. 5 . We are witnessing the rise of informal education where college graduates have online access and can sharpen their skills and get faster progress in a specific field. A．Communication B．Online bill payments C．Our habits of buying things have changed a lot D．They can also attend classes or take exams online at home E．It is done by typing a question for which we seek specific information F．Many other personal businesses create their online shops every day G．The email has enabled easier and faster communication between people 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （23-24高一下·陕西咸阳·阶段练习）We’re getting more used to chatting to our computers and smart phones through all kinds of voice assistants. 1 People who can’t read or write can send and get information using the spoken web. Some think voice could soon become the main way to interact online. They believe online interaction would soon depend mainly on the spoken web. 2 Building the spoken web-web-to-voice and voice-to-web—is by no means an easy task. For software, to answer simple questions about the weather and play music for us is easy. 3 AI technology isn’t smart enough yet. Even turning your voice into text is one of the hardest problems for it to solve. There are as many ways to pronounce things as there are people on the planet. Using voice interaction makes people feel much kinder than surfing the net in the old way. 4 But if something speaks, it must also listen. Our phones are always near us and they are constantly collecting our personal information. This has already raised privacy concerns. 5 When you are driving or cooking, the voice assistant will be helpful. On the other hand, in a quiet library, using voice assistants to do something may not be as suitable as typing, as it could disturb others. The effectiveness of using voice depends on the specific surroundings. A．But who can use the spoken web? B．But what are the challenges of moving to the spoken web? C．It is also possible to help teachers give lessons. D．The benefits of using voice obviously depend on the situation you are in. E．The voice of the assistant makes us feel like talking to a real person. F．But to have a conversation with users on different kinds of topics is a long way off. G．Out of these voice assistants, Siri is the most well-known spoken web(语音网络). Passage 7 （23-24高一下·山西大同·阶段练习）Setting limits on TV and video games for kids isn't always easy in today's screen-filled world. Here are some tips parents can use to decide how to limit their kids' screen time. Model healthy electronic use 1 . Before you watch your favorite Netflix series, remember that you are setting an example to your kids with your own time spent in front of a screen. Keeping the TV on for background noise all the time may not be modeling the screen-related behavior you hope to see in your kids. 2 Today most of kids know more about electronics than adults do. Parents need to stay up-to-date on the latest apps, games, social media platforms and trends (动向). For example, you can't teach your child about the risks of social media unless you understand the dangers yourself. Create "Technology-Free Zones (区域)" Establish zones in your house where electronics simply are not allowed—whether they're cell phones, handheld video games, or laptops. 3 . They are the space you could keep reserved for having meals and family conversations. Set aside time to unplug Set aside time for your whole family to unplug from their technological devices. Dinnertime and family meeting time are two examples. 4 Encourage other activities With a wealth of apps, games, devices and content, it's easy for kids to become dependent on electronics. 5 . Playing outside, reading a book, or even digging out an old board game are just a few ideas. A．Educate yourself on electronics B．Invite questions from your child C．One example is your home's dining room or kitchen D．You can join an online group where you can get support E．Parents need to be role models of screen use for their kids F．Encourage your kids to go for activities that don't need a screen G．When you all agree to do so, your family will spend quality time together Passage 8 （23-24高一下·江苏无锡·期中）If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. 1 Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analyzed the data across 50 countries. The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. 2 In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice. 3 Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I love you”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women. Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. 4 To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. 5 For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against Internet attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience. A．As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats. B．The findings show that passwords tell our emotions and our identity. C．Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information. D．These are among the most popular passwords around the world. E．The report also reflected different preferences between genders. F．People in some countries take inspiration from a football team. G．They need the support of computer experts. Passage 9 （23-24高一下·江苏宿迁·期中）Social media is a double-edged sword. It can be good or bad, depending on how people use it. Here are several ways to help one use it responsibly. 1 Social media can be a big waste of time if you spend most of your day looking through what other people post, commenting on and liking things, or looking at every message on your device. Instead, you should learn to practice some self-control and limit your usage every day. 2 Afterward, set an amount of time for your social media use, such as 10 minutes every time. Think twice before posting something. Materials posted on social media are often more lasting than you think. And even if your post is deleted, words and images you upload on these platforms can remain online and be difficult to remove. 3 Therefore, before posting something online, consider if it would negatively affect others. If it is, then don’t post it. 4 This can destroy your reputation or others’. Learn to check the truth of things that you see. Some of the things you see on social media might not necessarily be true, especially when it comes to news and information. You may immediately believe what you see and read. The danger of this behavior is that you might be spreading misinformation if you share what you have seen before checking the truth of the post. 5 Check from other sources whether what you have seen and read is true. Ask opinions from other people. A．Follow those that matter to you. B．Don’t let social media eat all your time. C．And you never know where they might end up. D．What’s more, avoid posting unprofessional photos or bad comments. E．Social media can have a powerful impact on a person’s emotional state. F．Just make it a practice to research the accuracy of any information or image. G．For example, try setting specific times per day when you check your social media accounts. Passage 10 （23-24高一下·浙江·期中）As the world struggles to deal with the climate crisis, some companies are working to remove polluting carbon dioxide from the air. 1 But two US companies have recently made important progress. Scientists say large amounts of CO2 must be removed from the CO2 atmosphere and stored. 2 But there’s so much CO2 in the atmosphere that just planting trees and protecting forests won’t solve the problem. And, when plants and trees die, the carbon they’ve stored gets released again. That means humans need to come up with ways of removing carbon from the air and storing it. This is called Direct Air Capture(DAC). The science of removing carbon from the air is challenging, and it’s still pretty new. 3 So one puzzle for these companies is how to remove carbon without creating more pollution. A company called Heirloom has just opened the first DAC plant in the United States. The company heats up the limestone to separate out the CO2, which is concrete. The process is extremely expensive. 4 That’s a tiny amount compared to how much carbon needs to be removed from the atmosphere, but the company says it hopes to remove a billion tons per year by 2035. 5 Some people worry that it will take too long for DAC technology to become powerful enough to make a difference. Others worry that focusing on removing carbon could take attention away from more important climate actions, like switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy. But experts say the decision isn’t to do one or the other. The world needs to end fossil fuel use and pull carbon out of the air. A．Plants and trees do this naturally. B．That’s a huge and challenging goal. C．Not everyone is excited about carbon removal. D．Graphyte is another US company working on DAC． E．The new plant can remove 1,000 tons of CO2 a year. F．Most DAC processes require a large amount of energy. G．As a matter of fact, CO2 is just a small part of the gases that make up air. 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （23-24高一下·广东河源·开学考试）We live in a world where we are usually exposed to (接触) news on social media that can be scary, upsetting, or confusing. 1 However, as Mr. Rogers, the beloved host of a children’s show, once said, “When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my mother would say to me, ‘Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helpful.’ ” One of the places where we can look for “the helpers” is on social media platforms. 2 For example, Ryan Kaji is a 9-year-old boy who runs the channel Ryan’s World. He makes videos about science experiments and games that are fun and educational for kids. He also donates to charities and causes that he cares about. 3 One problem is finding reliable (可靠) and exact sources of information. Not all content on social media platforms is trustworthy. Some content creators may just want to make money from ads. Therefore, it is important to judge the reliability of the sources before we trust their content. Another challenge is keeping a healthy balance between online and offline activities. Spending too much time online can do harm to our physical health, such as causing headaches or sleep problems. Therefore, it is important to limit our screen time by doing other activities. 4 Looking for helpers on social media can be a valuable way to find hope and comfort in difficulty. 5 Then we will form our own opinions. We can also be helpers ourselves by sharing helpful content on social media that can make a difference in the world. A．We’d better find some topics to talk about with the helper. B．Exercising, reading, and learning art are all good choices. C．Phones and computers have made information easier to gain. D．They offer a lot of content that can educate or support young viewers. E．It enables us to see things from different viewpoints and learn new things. F．However, looking for helpers on social media also comes with some challenges. G．Sometimes, it can be hard to deal with the negative thoughts that these events cause. Passage 12 （23-24高一下·山东泰安·期中）As we know, the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. It makes communication much more convenient. 1 Nowadays, your friends are just a click away. Whenever someone needs help, friends from all over the world can immediately provide useful suggestions or information. Online communication can actually bring people closer to each other. In spite of this, some people believe that the Internet has many negative aspects. 2 Images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. Important social skills are developed through direct contact. It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships. The Internet can make people self-centred. 3 For example, instead of having proper conversations with friends, some people are only concerned with their online popularity — How many “likes” did I get? How many followers do I have? — though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships. 4 Posts about funny cat images do not necessarily help form meaningful relationship. Online relationships may not be what they appear to be. Friendships are built on the basis of trust. With online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. 5 In my opinion, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and less on online communication. This is the best way to maintain healthy relationships. A．The Internet has completely changed people’s lives. B．They never think of anyone or anything but themselves. C．Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact. D．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are. E．It’s impolite to post embarrassing information of other people. F．In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is of little value. G．Going online can be dangerous if you are easily influenced or too trusting. Passage 13 （23-24高一下·贵州六盘水·期中）Who said that you can only use the Internet to socialize with your friends and family? You may actually put your Internet usage to good use by doing something productive. 1 Here are some ways you can learn a new language on the Internet. Talk to people who live in other countries Did you know you can also pickup languages if you actually talk-to people who live in the area where the languages are spoken fluently? 2 However, now it is something that you can easily achieve even just by using the Internet on your phone. 3 You can listen to English news for language beginners. They tend to simplify it so that you wouldn’t have a problem learning a new language. Another simple way that you can use is to stream a movie that is in another language and just be sure to have your English subtitles (字幕) on. Use an app on your phone One of the simplest methods that are also really fun is that you download an app on your phone that can effectively teach you a language. These apps usually allow you to learn more than one language. 4 Consider joining an online school Another effective method is that you can join an online school where you can practice listening and speaking. 5 This would avoid your need to travel to a physical school to learn a language. A．Keep your ears open. B．Stream online movies. C．The more you practice, the better you will get. D．This would have been difficult to do in the past. E．For example, you can use the Internet to learn a new language. F．You can also join other online schools to learn more language skills. G．They make the process fun so that you don’t get bored along the way. Passage 14 （23-24高一下·湖北·期末）In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. 1 This is where critical thinking steps in, helping humans stay ahead in an increasingly automated (自动化的) world. Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. 2 Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. 3 Critical thinkers are able to question the AI's outputs, challenge its assumptions, and ensure that decisions are based on a full understanding of the problem at hand instead of being influenced by these biases and errors. 4 In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. 5 In conclusion, critical thinking is vital in the age of artificial intelligence, ensuring a future that is both technologically advanced and human-centered. A．It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects. B．It enables people to understand the world in various ways. C．Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). D．Critical thinking ensures human advantage in logical reasoning. E．Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. F．Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. G．AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. Passage 15 （23-24高二下·河南信阳·阶段练习）Sometimes you may feel like privacy, as a concept, has disappeared from the world. 1 Thus they can serve up frighteningly accurate ads that make you think your phone’s microphone has been turned on and marketers are actively listening to your every word. They’re not—  yet. But they are engaged in something called “datamining”. This is the process of collecting enormous amounts of unknown data from your every connected activity and then analyzing that data to fill your life with advertisements and other influences. Datamining gives away your privacy. You may find it quite impossible to avoid. 2 Check settings carefully. When you install (安装) an app on your device, you probably click through a series of permissions, But an app may require many unnecessary permissions. You may doubt whether a game really needs access to your microphone, location, and camera. 3 Take the next line of defense: stop installing garbage free apps and spend that dollar. 4 Social media is very obviously a landfill when it comes to privacy. If your main goal on social media is to connect with friends or colleagues, restrict the reach of your posts to just those folks. And don’t expose your travel plans, spending habits, or product reviews out into the universe. Remember to log out. 5 And as long as you’re signed in, that ability continues — even if you leave the site. It’s an inconvenience indeed, but logging out of those services when you’re not actively using them and clearing cookies and history regularly can slowdown the mining of data. A．Be “boring” on social media. B．Mind your comments on social media. C．But you can minimize your exposure to it. D．Advertisers certainly seem to know everything about you. E．You should assume it is more of a data-mining app than anything else. F．Upon logging into platforms like Google, your activities are monitored. G．Online platforms have some hidden traps in which you will be cheated often. 高一下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$