第15讲 八下Units 7-8（课件）（人教版教材梳理）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

一轮复习讲练测 八下Units 7~8 英 语 人教版教材梳理 01 复习概览·目标指引 02 教材梳理·考点精讲 03 分层训练·巩固提升 目录 CONTENTS 复习概览·目标指引 01 (2) 易混词辨析： include,including 与 included； success,succeed,successful 与 successfully； achieve与come true； already 与 yet (3)句型精讲： 含比较级及与最高级的相关句型 (1)重点单词的含义和用法: population；ancient；protect；achievement；thick；condition；succeed； achieve；force；nature；adult；research；awake；illness；protection； huge；treasure；hurry；ship；towards；fiction；technology；rock；forever； abroad；fan；modern；success；belong；beauty；introduce (4)单元语法: 1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 2.现在完成时 Unit 7-8 总览 02-1 重点单词 教材梳理·考点精讲 population Point (3) 形容人口多少:"多"用big，large；"少"用small。 The city has a big/large population. (1) 用法：population作主语，表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词用单数， 当其前有分数或百分数修饰时，谓语动词可用单数或复数。 The population of Nigeria is more than 100 million. (2)询问人口数量:What’s the population of...? What’s the population of the world now? = How large is the population of the world ? population 1. China has the biggest population in the world. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家。(八下Unit8 P50) 02-1 重点单词 教材梳理·考点精讲 2.Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？(八下 Unit 7 P50) one of Point (3) 注意：one of短语作句子主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式 One of my friends is going to study abroad next year. (1) “one of+可数名词复数或人称代词宾格"，表示“……中的一个" One of the apples has gone bad. (2)“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……的一个” Yao Ming is one of the most popular basketball players in China. one of 3.Many songs these days are just about modern life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about belonging to a group. 现在许多歌只是关于美国的现代生活，如金钱和成功的重要性，而不是有关归属感的。(八下Unit8 P62) 02-1 重点单词 教材梳理·考点精讲 belong to Point ② 注意：不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态 ① to为介词，其后只能跟名词或人称代词的宾格形式， 不能接名词性物主代词或名词所有格 The bike belongs to my sister. This classroom belongs to us. belong to 02-1 重点单词 教材梳理·考点精讲 4.Have you introduced this singer/writer to others？ 你曾把这位歌手/作家介绍给其他人了吗？(八下Unit8 P63) introduce Point (3) introduce oneself自我介绍 Can I introduce myself？ (1) introduce sb./sth.介绍某人/某物 It’s my pleasure to introduce an important guest. (2)introduce sb.to...把某人介绍给… Please allow me to introduce my friend to you. introduce 教材梳理·考点精讲 1．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）The population of Heilongjiang is ________ than ________ of Shanghai. The birthrate is low, so our government encourages a second or a third child. A．smaller; those B．less; it C．smaller; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：黑龙江的人口比上海的少。出生率很低，所以我们的政府鼓励生第二个或第三个孩子。 考查形容词辨析以及代词辨析。smaller更小；less更少；those那些；it它；that那个。此处表示人口的少用smaller，排除B；根据“The population of Heilongjiang is...than...of Shanghai”可知第二个空代指上海的人口，在比较结构中用that代指population。故选C。 教材梳理·考点精讲 2．（2023·四川雅安·中考真题）— Mike plays basketball well. Do you know him? — Sure. He is also one of ________ basketball players in our class. A．tall B．the taller C．tallest D．the tallest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——迈克篮球打得很好。你认识他吗？——当然。他也是我们班最高的篮球运动员之一。 考查形容词最高级的用法。根据“He is also one of...basketball players in our class.”可知，此处是“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”结构，故选D。 教材梳理·考点精讲 3．（23-24九年级上·四川·期末）—I don’t know ________ the dictionary belongs to? —It must ________ Tom’s. Tom is the ________ one who has a dictionary. A．whose; is; only B．whose; belongs to; not C．who; be; only D．who; belongs to; not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道这本字典属于谁？——这一定是汤姆的。汤姆是唯一有字典的人。 考查宾语从句、情态动词的用法以及形容词辨析。who谁；whose谁的；is是（be动词的单数形式）；be是（原形）；belongs to属于（第三人称单数形式）；only唯一的；not不。分析“I don’t know...the dictionary belongs to?”可知，此处表示“我不知道这本字典属于谁”，空处是宾语从句的引导词，意为“谁”，所以应用who引导此宾语从句；第二空前的must是情态动词，其后接动词原形，结合选项可知，be符合语境；分析“Tom is the...one who has a dictionary.”和选项可知，此处表示“汤姆是唯一有字典的人”，only符合语境。故选C。 教材梳理·考点精讲 4．（2024·吉林长春·一模）I felt proud while I ________ my hometown to the foreigners yesterday afternoon. A．introduce B．was introducing C．introduces D．have introduced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天下午，当我向外国人介绍我的家乡时，我感到很自豪。 考查时态。根据“I felt proud while...”可知是当介绍自己的家乡时，表示当时正在做的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing。故选B。 教材梳理·考点精讲 易混词辨析 include,including 与 included Point 02-2 易混词 1.Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 更加严峻的困难包括极冷的天气状况和巨大的风暴。(Unit 7 P51) include 动词 包括；把……列为一部分 including 作介词 意为“包括…在内”，后接名词/代词/v-ing included 形容词 意为“包括在内的”，位于名词/代词后 The tour included a visit to the science museum. There are 30 students in the classroom,including me. They will send you the book for＄15,postage included. 2...., while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 而来自日本的田部井淳子在1975年成为第一个成功登顶的女登山者。(八下Unit 7 P51) 教材梳理·考点精讲 易混词辨析 success,succeed,successful 与 successfully Point 02-2 易混词 success  名词 成功 Failure is the mother of success. succeed  动词 成功 succeed in doing sth. Jim succeeded in getting the job. successful  形容词 成功的； 可作表语或定语， The play was very successful on Broadway. successfully 副词 成功地 do sth. successfully  They finished the task successfully. 教材梳理·考点精讲 achieve与come true Point 02-2 易混词 3.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神告诉我们：我们永远不要放弃努力实现我们的梦想。(八下Unit7 P51) achieve achieve指实现梦想、目标，主语是人。 come true come true实现，主语多是梦想、蓝图、计划等。 At last, his dream came true. He hopes to achieve all his aims soon. 教材梳理·考点精讲 02-2 易混词 already 与 yet Point 4.—Have You read Little Women yet?你看过《小妇人》吗？ —Yes,I’ve already read it.是的，我已经看过它了。(八下 Unit 8 P57) already “已经”。 常用于现在完成时态的肯定句中（一般置于 have/has 之后，也可 置于句末）。 yet “还；仍” 常用于现在完成时态的否定句和疑问句中（一般置于句末）。 I have already finished my homework. She hasn't finished her work yet. Have you ever climbed the Great Wall? I have just heard the news. just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词也常与现在完成时连用。 教材梳理·考点精讲 1．（2020·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）When you ask a stranger for ________, polite expressions should ________  in your question. You can start with  “Could you please…?”  or  “May I ask…?”. A．direction, include B．directions, be included C．direct, be including 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你向陌生人询问方向，礼貌的表达应该被包含在你的问题中。你可以说“你能不能……？”或者“我可以问……？” direction是名词，意为“方向”，directions 是其名词复数形式，direct可作形容词，意为“直接的”，direct也可作动词，意为“指导”。include是动词，意为“包含”，be included构成被动语态；be including构成进行时。第一空介词后加名词，direction是可数名词，这里用名词复数形式；第二空should是情态动词，主语expressions与include之间构成被动关系。故选B。 教材梳理·考点精讲 2．（24-25九年级上·陕西西安·校考）The road to ________ is difficult, but if you work hard, you’re sure to _________. A．success; succeed B．successful; success C．succeed; success D．succeed; successful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：成功的道路是艰难的，但如果你努力工作，你一定会成功。 考查词汇辨析。success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词；successful成功的，形容词。根据“The road to ... is difficult”可知，空处是作主语，应用名词，the road to success“成功之路”；再根据be sure to do sth.“务必做某事”可知，第二空要用动词原形。故选A。 教材梳理·考点精讲 3．（2023·内蒙古·二模）—Are you going to _____ for the basketball team? —Yes, I hope my dream of becoming a great basketball player can ________ one day. A．try out; achieve B．try out; come true C．hand out; achieve D．give out; come true 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你打算参加篮球队的选拔吗？——是的，我希望我成为一名伟大的篮球运动员的梦想有一天能够实现。 考查动词短语辨析。try out参加；hand out分发；give out分发；achieve实现，但主语必须是人；come true实现。根据“Are you going to…for the basketball team?”可知，此处指的是“参加篮球队的选拔”，因此用“try out”；又由“I hope my dream of becoming a great basketball player can…one day.”可知，此处指的是“实现”，，主语是物，因此第二个空填“come true”。故选B。 教材梳理·考点精讲 含比较级及与最高级的相关句型 Point 1 1 02-3 重点句型 形容词 表达 最高级含义 2. 比较级 + than + the other + 可数名词复数+in/of. The Nile is longer than the other rivers in the world. 1.the+ 最高级 +单数名词+in/of. The Nile is the longest river in the world. 2.比较级+than+any other+单数名词+in/of. The Nile is higher than any other river in the world. 教材梳理·考点精讲 含already/yet的现在完成时的相关句型 Point 2 1 02-3 重点句型 含already/yet 现在完成时 的相关句型 2. yet,疑问句中表“已经”，用在否定句中表“还”，常放在句末。 Have you found your lost pen yet? No, I haven’t found it yet. 1.already, 意为“已经”，用于肯定句，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。 I have already watched the TV play. 1．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Dalian is more beautiful than ________ in China. A．any city B．all the cities C．any other city D．some other cities 教材梳理·考点精讲 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大连比中国任何其他的城市更美丽。 考查形容词比较级句型。any city任何城市；all the cities所有的城市；any other city任何其他的城市；some other cities一些其他的城市。因为大连也是中国的一个城市，所以本句是大连与中国范围内的城市作比较；根据句中的“than”可知，本句考查比较级句型：比较级+than+any other+名词单数，表示“比其他任何的……更……”。故选C。 2．（2023·四川凉山·中考真题）—Becky, we’re leaving in several minutes. Are you ready? —No, I ________ my clothes yet. A．have packed B．haven’t packed C．didn’t pack 教材梳理·考点精讲 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——贝基，我们几分钟后就要走了。你准备好了吗？——不，我还没收拾衣服。 考查动词时态。根据“yet”可知本句用现在完成时，结合“No”可知还没有收拾好衣服，故选B。 02-4 Grammar 比较级及与最高级 形 容 词 副 词 比 较 级 用 法 2.less＋原级＋than + B “A不如B...” The book is less interesting than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。 3.the＋比较级，the＋比较级，“越……，越……”， The busier the old man is,the happier he feels. 那老人越忙越高兴 1.比较级+than (比……) “A比B更...” Jim is older than Geoffrey. Jim比Geoffrey大一些。 4.具体数字、实物、倍数等+比较级+than，与具体倍数比较。 He is a head taller than I. / This box is three times bigger than that one. 5.比较级表示最高级: 比较级 + than + any other + 可数名词单数 = 比较级 + than + the other + 可数名词复数 = 最高级 + 可数名词单数 “比其他任何都...” The Nile is longer than any other river in the world. =The Nile is longer than the other rivers in the world. =The Nile is the longest river in the world. 02-4 Grammar 现在完成时 (1)谓语形式 have / has + done。 在肯定句中与“since +过去点时间、for +段时间”连用时， 谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 (2) 用法 表示过去发生的某个动作或状态持续到现在； 表示过去发生的动作所产生的结果或影响； 表示过去某个动作到现在已经发生多少次。 (3)时间状语 already, yet, before, just,ever, never,for,since等 现在完成时 (1) 一般过去时强调过去发生的动作或状态 及其发生的时间、地点、方式、原因等，与现在没有关系。 This company opened an office in Shanghai yesterday. (2) 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作与现在的联系或对现在的影响， 表示一种因果关系，即：过去发生的动作是因，对现在产生的影响是果。 The company has opened an office in Shanghai. 辨析 02-4 Grammar 现在完成时与一般过去时区别 1．（2024·云南昆明·一模）—Have you finished your homework ________? —I have ________ done my math homework. I will do my English homework later. A．just; already B．yet; just C．already; yet D．just; yet 教材梳理·考点精讲 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的作业做完了吗？——我刚完成我的数学作业，我一会儿要做我的英语作业。 考查副词辨析。just仅仅，刚刚；already已经，用于肯定句，放在句中或句尾；yet还，已经，用于否定句或疑问句中，放在句尾。根据语境可知，第一空疑问句中用yet，第二空应为just或already。故选B。 2．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Hurry up! The movie ________ for ten minutes. A．has begun B．began C．has been on 教材梳理·考点精讲 【答案】C 【详解】句意：快点！电影已经开始十分钟了。 考查时态。根据“for ten minutes”可知电影已经开始十分钟了，用现在完成时，且动词要用延续性动词。begin是非延续性动词，延续性动词是be on。故选C。 3．（2024·四川雅安·三模）In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection. A．had made B．was making C．has made D．is making 教材梳理·考点精讲 【答案】C 【详解】句意：近年来，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。 考查时态。根据“In the last few years”可知，应该与现在完成时连用，结构为have/has done，主语China为单数，应用has made。故选C。 Life is full of the unexpected. In December, 2023, an earthquake 1 on Jishi Mountains in Gansu Province. This made people feel very 2 because it made more than 100 people dead and over 500 people wounded and it even caused most people to lose their homes. However, during the disaster (灾难), the 3 actions of a mother moved and warmed us deeply. When the earthquake happened, the mother was lying on the bed and 4 her baby. As soon as she realized the earthquake had come, she picked up her baby quickly and would rush out of the door. 5 , the house fell down all of a sudden and got in the way of going outside. They were trapped inside. But the mother supported the collapsed (倒塌的) walls with her body and hugged her baby tightly in her 6 . Although her hands and back were full of blood, she didn’t give up protecting her baby. Finally, they were 7 when the firemen showed up. Seeing them, the firemen’s eyes all got wet. Indeed, mother’s love is the 8 and it’s also the warmest and most selfless. All the mothers in the world will not regret doing anything for their kids. From the story, along with mother’s love, we should also 9 that difficulties can be overcome (克服) in the end as long as our hearts are filled with courage, hope and belief. Natural disasters are heartless, but people in the world have 10 . Ahead of disasters, warmth that makes Chinese people pull together can deal with any disaster. 分层训练·巩固提升 二、完形填空（2024·陕西榆林·二模） 地震的发生时间和地点。故选D。 严重性，地震使人恐惧。 挡住了外出的路 6．A．arms B．legs 7．A．taught B．saved 8．A．widest B．quickest 9．A．stop B．learn 10．A．message B．advice C．feet C．refused C．greatest C．help C．progress 1．A．changed B．ended 2．A．bored B．afraid 3．A．friendly B．strict 4．A．looking after B．running after 5．A．Luckily B．Hardly C．remained C．relaxed C．brave C．looking for C．Politely D．happenedD．excitedD．angryD．waiting forD．Unluckily D．eyesD．risenD．heaviestD．watchD．love 常识 谢谢 聆听 THANKS FOR LISTENING $$