Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. Section A (2d, GF,4a-4c)（ 课件）-2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks. Section A (2d, GF,4a-4c) Section A (2d) Listen to a conversation and choose the right answers. 1.Where does Helen plan to work this summer? A. In an old people's home. B. In a hospital. C. In a library. 2. When did Tom do that? A. Last weekend. B. Last month. C. Last summer. 3. What didn't they ask Tom to help out with? A. Reading newspapers with them. B. Talking to them. C. Dancing with them. Helen: Hi, Tom. I’m making some plans to work in an old people’s home this summer. Tom: Really? I did that last summer! Helen: Oh, what did they ask you to help out with? Tom: Mmm... things like reading the newspaper to the old people, or just talking to them. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. Helen: That sounds interesting. Tom: Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. We should listen to them and care for them. Helen: You’re right. I mean, we’re all going to be old one day, too. Role-play the conversation. 2d 嗨，杰克。我正在制定今年暑假去老人之家工作的一些计划。 真的吗？我去年夏天就去过。 噢，那他们要你帮忙做些什么？ 嗯……像给老人们读报，或者只是陪他们聊聊天这样的事。他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。 是呀，许多老人都很孤独。我们应该倾听他们，照顾他们。 那听起来很有趣。 你说得很对。我的意思是我们总有一天也会变老。 help (sb.) out (with sth.) 帮助（某人）摆脱困境 I will help out on my father's shop this summer. When I bought the house, my sister helped me out with a sum of money. used to 曾经……，过去…… 暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态。 其后接动词原形，不与表示过去的时间状语连用。 He didn't used to wear glasses.= He usedn't to wear glasses. Language points be used to doing "习惯做某事"，to是介词，其后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式。 be used to do “被用来做……”，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。 used to do “曾经……；过去……”，to是不定式符号，后面接动词原形。 He is used to getting up early. Wood is used to make paper. I used to take a walk after supper every night. Diana used to ____ to work, but now she is used to _____ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit. A. drive; walking B. drive; walk C. driving; walk Language points 【辨析】 care for ① “照顾” = look after/ take care of The mother cared for the sick child day and night. ② “非常喜欢” He likes pop but he doesn't care for classical music. ③ care about “关心；在意” take care “当心；小心” take care of = look after “照顾” Language points Grammar Focus 短 语 动 词 短语动词是由动词和介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语，其作用和动词差不多。 【语法概述】 The boy could give out food at the food bank. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean-up Day. I'm making some signs to put up around the school. 【常见短语动词的类型及用法】 动 + 介 vt. 后面必须接宾语，且宾语只能位于介词之后 look after/ look at / care for/ think about/ agree with 动 + 副 vi./vt. 名词作宾语时可位于动词和副词之间，或位于副词之后；代词作宾语时只能放中间 cheer up/ give up/ fix up/ clean up/ put off/ take away/ give in/ turn down 动 + 副 + 介 vt. 宾语放在介词之后 catch up with/ come up with/ look forward to/ run out of 动 + 名 +介 vt. 名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语位于介词之后 make fun of/ make use of/ pay attention to/ make friends with 动 词 不 定 式 【语法概述】 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。其否定是"not to do",没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能做谓语。 I hope to work outside. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. 【动词不定式的用法】 宾语 常接不定式作宾语的动词有： want, refuse, forget, need, try, learn, choose, agree, help, hope, wish, expect, decide, begin, start He decided to help the homeless people. 宾语补足语 常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： ask, tell, make, teach, wish, help, warn, invite, encourage Sam asked me to help him learn Chinese. 目的状语 可以放在句首，一般用逗号隔开，也可以放在句尾。 To get there on time, they started early. 结果状语 常用在too…to…结构中 The boy is to young to look after himself. 原因状语 常跟在作表语的形容词后。 I’m very happy to receive your letter. 主语 为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语。 It's necessary for us to read a lot. 表语 常位于系动词be之后。 My duty is to look after the animals. 定语 要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。 We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng. 【动词不定式的用法】 【拓展】 1. to do 作主语时，常用it代替它作形式主语，而将不定式放在谓语后面。主要有以下三种情况： It is + 名词 + to do sth. It is our duty to take good care of the old. It takes sb. + some time + to do sth. How long did it take you to finish the work? It is + 形容词 + for/of ab. + to do sth. It is important for you to master two languages. 【拓展】 2. find，feel，make，think等词后如果是不定式作宾语，补语是形容词或名词时，常用it作形式宾语，把不定式后移。 I find it necessary to have breakfast. 3. 感官动词（see, feel, watch, hear）和使役动词（make, have, let）后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to。 I watched her get into the car. 不定式作宾补，下列词后省略to: 4看 see/ watch/ look at/ notice 3让 have/ let/ make 2听 hear/ listen to 1感觉 feel 半帮助 help 4. 有些动词后既可以接to do 作宾语，也可以接-ing形式作宾语，但表达的意义不同。 stop 停下来去做 停止正在做的 remember 记着去做 记得做过 forget 忘记去做 忘记做过 like 喜欢做（特定情况下） （习惯性喜欢） 【拓展】 to do doing Exercise Choose the best answer. 1. --Would you please drive faster? My flight is_______. A. taking off  B. getting off  C. turning off  2. --How is the play going ? --We are going to _______ tomorrow. A. put on it  B. put it off  C. put off it 3. We have to _______ our things if we travel on a train or bus. A. look at  B. look up  C. look after 4. If you ______ a new idea, please call me as soon as possible. A. keep up with B. catch up with  C. come up with 5. Please _______ the box carefully. It is filled with glasses. A. put down B. put on C. put off  6. --________ ! There’s a car coming! --Oh. Thanks. A. Look over B. Look out  C. Look on  7. It’s very cold today. You’d better put ____ your coat when you go out. A. away B. down C. on  8. Lucy, could you please help me _____ the map on the blackboard? A. put into B. put up C. put on 9. “Get a ladder, please. I can’t _____ .” Jim said in a tall tree. A. come back  B. come out  C. come down  Tanslate the sentences into English. 1. 妈妈要求我清扫厨房。 2. 我们制定了一个计划来完成这项工作。 3. 学好英语不容易。 4. 我有一点事要和你谈一谈。 5. 我帮忙修理了汽车。 My mother asked me to clean up the kitchen. We made a plan to finish the work. It's not easy to learn English well. I have something to talk to you. I helped (to) fix up the car. 4a Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box. 1. I want to _______ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. I’m too busy with my studies this year. 2. She hopes to ______ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs. 3. Our class is trying to ____________ some ideas to ________ sick children because they are often sad. 4. We decided to ______ signs around the school and ________ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will _______ the money from the sale to homeless people. put off call up come up with cheer up put up hand out give out put up hand out call up cheer up come up with give out put off 张贴 分发 打电话给；召集 使振奋 想出 分发；散发 推迟 4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. help move do make visit spend Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs _______ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _______ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do _______ others.There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way _______ our free time. For example, we can make plans _______ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year _______ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there. to make to do to help to spend to visit to move $$