Unit1 Grammar数词专项复习和练习2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语七年级下册

课 题 U1 Home ----Grammar 教学目标 1. 掌握U1 数词语法知识 2. 通过练习，灵活运用数词知识点 重难点透视 灵活运用数词知识点 知识点剖析 序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况 1 数词语法知识 70min 2 数词专项讲练 20 min 教 学 内 容 【基础知识】--------------数词 1.定义:表示数目或顺序的词 2.分类:基数词和序数词 (1)基数词: ①定义:表示数量的多少的词 ②构成: ❶0-12的基数词单独记:zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve; ❷13~19的基数词以-teen结尾(注意10，35，18的写法):thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen ❸整十的基数词以-ty结尾(注意20,30，40，90的写法):twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty ninety. ❹"几十几"的表达(在十位和个位之间加上连字符): 例如36:thirty- six ❺三位数基数词的表达(个位和十位之间加上连字符，百位之后+and): 例如624:six hundred and twenty four. 101:one hundred and one. ❻多位数的基数词表达(单词从右往左数，每三个字母加一个逗号，第一个逗号用的，第二个逗号用million，第三个逗号 用billion): 例如2，467，813: two million, four hundred and sixty seven, eight hundred and thirteen. 【注意】:英语中没有直接表示"万"和"亿"的单位词，因此常用thousand和million来表达。所以ten thousand就等于1万; one hundred million就等于一亿; a. ★★当表示具体数目时，hundred、 thousand和million后不能+-s也不能+-of： 例如：two hundred students b. 当表示模糊的数目及概数时，要用"hundreds/thousands/millions of+名词复数"结构： 如: hundreds of trees c. 当表示…当中的几百或者几千…，需要+of ： one hundred of the cars. (数字+hundred +of+the+可数名词是指有特定的范围) four thousand of them(.数字+of+us/them/these/those....有特定的范围) （2）序数词 1　 定义：表示人或事物的先后顺序，通常与the连用。 2　 构成; (一般的序数词的构成是在基数词词尾加上-th) ➊1-3单独记: first、second 、third ➋ 4~19的序数词 (由相应的基数词加-th构成); fourth、sixth、thirteenth（注意：第五、第八、第九、第十二：fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth） ➌ 20-90的整十的序数词 : （相应的基数词词尾的-y变为-ie再加-th）。twentieth、thirtieth、fortieth、fiftieth、sixtieth、seventieth、 eightieth、ninetieth ➍“几十几”或“几百几十几”的序数词: (只将其个位上的基数词变为序数词)。 第二十一： twenty-second ➎整百、千、百万等序数词，（只在hundred、thousand、million 等后加-th）。 one hundredth (第一百) 【注意】:序数词缩写时，用阿拉伯数字加序数词的最后两个字母来表示。 eighth =8th； twelfth =12th； twenty-third =23rd 基变序，有规律，一二三，单独记，词尾字母t、d、d。 八去t,九去e，f来把-ve替，然后再加-th。 遇到整十须注意，-ty变为-tie，然后再加-th。 若是遇到几十几，只变个位数字就可以。 记忆口诀: ③基数词的用法: ➊ 1）表示数量，位于名词前: two books. 2） 表示编号,位于名词后(名词和基数词的首字母通常大写): Lesson One.= the first lesson. 3) 表示号码: You can call me at 2240668 ➋ 1）表示时间: （I）顺读法--- 结构:钟点数+分钟数 ， 表示“几点几分”？ 例如6点six o'clock. 7:25：seven twenty-five. （II）逆读法: i）若分钟小于或等于30，用past--- 结构:分钟数+past+整点时间 ，表示“几点几分”。 9:30 : half past seven. ⅱ）若分钟数大于30，用to---结构:(60-原分钟数)+to+下一个整点，表示”几点差几分”？ 11:55: five to twelve 注意:30分钟用half，15分钟用a quarter 2)关于年份、日期的读法: · 年份：①可以4个数字两两分组分别来读，也可以以hundred为单位: 例如：1985: Nineteen hundred and eighty-five.或nineteen eighty-five. ②当年份为整百数或者中间带两个零时，直接用基数词读法: 例如3000: three thousand； 3009:three thousand and nine. ③当年份第三位为零，有两种读法: 例如1403:fourteen o three.或fourteen hundred and three. · 日期的读法:(年用基数词，日期用序数词表达顺序可以是 月日年/日月年) 例如：2025年1月17日可以写为Jan,17th, 2025--- 读作：January (the)seventeenth.twenty twenty -five. 或者可以写为17th,Jan.,2025 ---读作：the seventeenth of January twenty twenty five. · 表示世纪：用“the+序数词+century”或“the+百位进数+s”表示 （起始年份） 例如：十七世纪:in the 17th century，读作the seventeenth century 或in the 1600s,读作 the sixteen hundreds （起始年份 1601年） · 表示年代：用年份的阿拉伯数字加's或s表示 。(初期,中期,末期分别用early,mid-和 late 表示) 例如： 60 年代:the 60s 20 世纪 50 年代初期:the early 1950s/ 1950's或 the early nineteen fifties 20 世纪 50 年代中期:the mid-1950s/ 1950's; 或 the mid nineteen fifties 20 世纪 50 年代末期:the late 1950s/ 1950's. 或 the late nineteen fifties · 表示月份:January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December ➌ 1）表示百分数: 基数词+percent(percent没有复数形式) 35%, thirty-five percent. 【注意】i) 分数/百分数+of+名词/代词(+限定词)其谓语动词与 of后的名词在人称和数上保持一致! 例如：Two thirds of the students in my class are boys. 我班上三分之二的学生是男生。 Thirty percent of the work was done yesterday. 昨天只完成了百分之三十的工作。 ii)数字整体>1+单位名词复数 : Eg. "1.5 米"-1.5(one point five)meters iii)数字整体⋜1+单位名词单数 : Eg. "1/4 吨"one fourth (a quarter) ton 2）表示小数: 小数点前面的数读基数词,小数点读作point,零读作 zero 或0 小数点后则按基数词读,把数字逐个读出。 例如：3.14 读作: three point one four ；0.08 读作: zero point zero eight 18.08 读作: eighteen point o eight. 3）★分数的表示:分子基，分母序，分子大于1，分母用复数，若有假分数，and连整分。 1/3 one third ； 2/3 two thirds.；1⅔ one and two thirds ➍ 倍数、次数 :一倍/一次: once; 两倍/两次:twice 三倍/三次及以上:“数字+times”(数字用基数词) ➎表示年龄: 用阿拉伯数字或基数词+years old表示 用at the age of+基数词表示在…岁时 用基数词+of age “在某人几十岁时”，用in+ 几十的基数词复数形式:in his thirties. ➏复合形容词:数词+名词(+形容词)——具有形容词性，作定语 i）名词用复数形式 : two years old 两岁大的; two meters long两米长的 ii)用连字符"-"来连接 : two-year-old 两岁大的;two-meter-tall 两米高的 注意: 连字符"-"和s不能同时出现 It takes only a five-minute walk from my house to the nearest supermarket. 从我家到最近的超市只需要步行五分钟。 A ten-year-old boy is playing football with his friends in the park. 一个十岁的男孩正在公园里和他的朋友们踢足球。 ➐时间、距离: 含数词的名词所有格形式作定语 five minutes' walk. 步行五分钟的距离。 （用How far提问） It's an hour's ride from my home to our school. 从我家到我们学校有一个小时的车程。 ➑长、宽、高、深、面积(两种方式)-------基数词+单位词+形容词=基数词+单位词+in+名词 单位名词:meter/foot/inch/kilogram 形容词:long/wide/high/deep 名词：length/width（宽度）/height/depth/weight. / ➒加减乘除法 ：加:plus ； 减:minus/from ；乘:multiplied by/times ；除:divided by 6+7=13 ---Six plus seven is thirteen. 15-8=7 ----Fifteen minus eight equals/is seven.或 Eight from fifteen is seven. 3x5=15 ----Three multiplied by five is fifteen. 或 Three times five is fifteen. 10+2=5 ----Ten divided by two is five. 加减乘除主谓一致: ①两数相减或相除,动词用单数 ；②两数相加或相乘,动词可用单数,也可用复数。 ➓”再来几个”:another+基数词+可数名词=基数词+more+可数名词复数 ⓷序数词的用法: ➊序数词前一般要加定冠词the，可以用来表示次序、日期、楼层、生日等。 the first to get to the office第一个到达办公室的人 on the fifth of January/on January the fifth在1月5日 on the tenth floor在10楼 her twelfth birthday她的12岁生日 ➋序数词常用来修饰名词，当序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等限定词时，序数词前不用定冠词the。 ➌表示分数时:分子用基数词，写在前面;分母用序数词，写在后面。当分子大于1时，表示分母的序数词要用复数 形式。 one fifth五分之一 ➍序数词前加不定冠词a或an，这时表示的不再是具体范围内的“第几”，而表示在原有基础上的“又一个，另一个”。 I think you must do it a second time.我觉得你必须再做一次。(已经做过一次了) ➎表示比赛或考试的名次时通常省略定冠词，比如he was (the) second in the English exam. ➏序数词被用作副词时，不用冠词. I have to finish my homework first 【专题训练】 1、 写出下列数词的基数词或序数词 1. one 7.twenty 2.two 8.eighty-eight 3.three 9.twelve 4.five 10.twenty-first 5.eight_ 11.tenth_ 6.nine_ 12.ninety-sixth _ 2、 单选题 1.There are _days in a year. A.three hundreds sixty-five B.three hundreds and sixty-five C.three hundred and sixty-five D.three hundred and sixty five 2.There are___students in this school A.eight hundreds and forty-six B.eight hundreds and forty six C.eight hundred and forty-six D.eight hundred forty-six 3.-- people visit this museum every day A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Hundred of D.Hundreds of 4.There are two__ people in the meeting room. A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.hundred of 5.Every year____watch NBA on TV A.million people B.millions of people C. milions people D.million of people 6.______trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years. A.Thousands of B.Two thousands C.Thousand of D.Two thousand of 7.My brother is in A.Three Class,One Grade B.Class Three,Grade One C.Grade One,Class Three D.class three,grade one 8.Please tum to____.Let's read the text aloud. A.Page Two B.the page two C.second page D.page second 9.We can say the number 78,645 in English like this____. A.seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five B.seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five C.seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five D.seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five 10.The year "1999°should be read "The year____ A.nineteen and ninety-nine B.nineteen ninety-nine C.one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D.nineteen hundred and ninety-nine 11.There are__ months in a year.December is the__ month of the year. A.twelve,twelve B.twelve,twelfth C.twelfth,twelve D.twelve,twelveth 12.He began to work there__ 。 A.on his fifty B.at age of fifty C.when he fifty D.in his fifties 13.They moved to Beijing___. A.in 1980s B.in the 1980' C.in the 1980s D.on the 1980's 14.__the students in our school is about 5000,_____of them are boys. A. A number of ,three fifths B.The number of,third fives C.A number of,third fifths D.The number of,three fifths 15.-Is your uncle in his____? ---Yes.His___ birthday is coming next month. A.forty,forty-first B.forties,forty-first C.forties,forty-one D.forty,forty-one 16.__people lost their lives in the accident. A.Two thousands B.Two thousand of C.Thousands of D.Thousand of 17.—Do you often play computer games? —No,And neither do___of my classmates,you know we are very busy A.three fourths B.three four C.third four D.third fourths 18.Each of us has to write a_______report every two weeks A.two-hundred-word B.two-hundreds-word C.two-hundreds-words D. two-hundred-words 19.Little Tom is only_____boy,however,he has already learned about 1,000 English words. A.a8-year-old B.an 8-year-old C.a8-years-old D.an 8-years-old 20.-There is a wrong word in Line___ ---Where?Oh,I see,in the_______line. A.two,two B.Two,second C.second,two D.second,second 21.Her daughter was born___。 A.on May 8,on 1986 B.on May 8,1986 C.in May 8,in 1986 D.in May 8,1986 22.I am in___ . A.Grade 1 Class 3 B.Class 3,Grade 1 C.3 Class,1 Grade D.Class 3Grade 1 23.-Here we are.Where does your cousin live,Tom? -Oh,he lives on the_____floor. A.two B.twice C.second D.twos 24.wrote___article in 40 minutes. A.a 800-word B.800-words C.800-word D.an 800-word 3、 填空题 1.There are__ days in a year.(365天) 2.Excuse me, I want .(两杯咖啡) 3.There are forty-six students in (三班) 4.The number of books in the reading room is (四百) 5.Ann received a lot of presents on her (第十二)birthday.The (十二岁大的) girl felt very happy. 6.It’s right to make it at (四点二十分) 7.There are in our school. (成百上千名学生) 8.1 can see on the floor.(两箱苹果) 9.She is (八岁大) 10 of workers in this factory are women.(三分之一) 11.Please come after .I will be at the office then. (7:45) 12.I found a lot of spelling mistakes (在92页上) 【提升题型】 1. It is the __time in one week that you broke dishes. A. third B. three C.thirty D. two-thirds 2.About ___of the clerks in this office under the age of 40. A. three-fifths,are B. third fifths,are C. third-five,is D.three fifths,is 3.--How much will it cost to build the school library? -- About four______yuan. A. million B. millions C.millions of D. million of 4. The boy will stay there for A. one and half B. one and a half hour C. one and half hours D. one and a half hours 5. After____talk, they decided to go to Beijing on holiday. A. two hour B. two hours C. two-hours D. two hours' 6. We had learned about English words by the end of last term. A. nine hundreds and forty-five B. nine hundreds of and forty-five C. nine hundred and forty-five D. nine hundred and fourty-five 7._____of the students in our class money to the disabled people these days. A. Two-thirds, have risen B. Two-thirds, has raised C. Two-three, have risen D. Two-thirds, have raised 8. of the land in that district covered with trees and grass. A. Two-fifths; is B. Two-fifth; are C.Two-fifth; is D. Two-fifths; are 9.We can go to Shanghai Forest Park easily through Xiangyin Road Tunnel which is ____ A 2-kilometre-long B 2 kilometres long C. 2-kilometre long D. 2-kilometres-long 10. The newly-built bridge is about__wide. A. fifteen metres B. fifteen metres' C. fifteen-metre D. fifteen metre 11. One of my friends learnt driving in A.sixty B.the sixtieth C. her sixties D. her sixtieth 12. We will have a ____holiday in February soon. What about going to the West Lake? A seven days B.seven-days C seven-days' D seven-day 13. The train from Shanghai will arrive_______. A.in quarter past six B.in a quarter past six C.at quarter past six D.at a quarter past six 14. ,Coca-Cola began to enter China’s market. A.In 1970's B.In 1970s C.In the 1970s' D.In the 1970s 15.June___is Children’s Day. A.the one B.first C.the one's D.one 16.They were told that several enemy soldiers were coming. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$