Unit 1 What's the matter？【B卷·培优卷】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（浙江专用）

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 What's the matter？【B卷·培优卷】 提示：紧贴新教材单元主题 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。 Bob is afraid of going to the lab(实验室) again. An accident happened last month. After 1 the experiment(实验) with other students in the lab, he 2 all the useless things in the dustbin. Suddenly, one of the bottles fell from his hands. He went to pick it up. But he hurt 3 . He cut his hand. 4 scared Bob was! The teacher quickly helped him wash the cut and 5 on it to stop bleeding. And then some students found a clean 6 . The teacher put it 7 the cut. The teacher and his classmates 8 him to go to the hospital, but he didn’t go. He thought he would be OK. But later, the 9 was worse than before. Bob had a 10 , so the teacher drove Bob to the hospital. Luckily, it was not really 11 . The doctor took Bob’s temperature and said he had a fever caused(引起) by the cut. And then the doctor put some 12 on the cut and advised him to take 13 . There are many 14 in doing experiments. The students will become more careful 15 they are in the lab after the accident. 1．A．finishing B．playing C．cleaning D．taking 2．A．touched B．put C．moved D．chose 3．A．him B．he C．himself D．his 4．A．How B．What C．Which D．When 5．A．call B．wait C．look D．press 6．A．bandage B．clothes C．bag D．hand 7．A．in B．on C．at D．by 8．A．agreed B．chose C．ordered D．asked 9．A．situation B．information C．result D．resolution 10．A．fever B．cold C．headache D．toothache 11．A．comfortable B．serious C．fine D．boring 12．A．medicine B．water C．food D．temperature 13．A．breaks B．actions C．trips D．messages 14．A．surprises B．risks C．tests D．meetings 15．A．though B．because C．when D．although 二、阅读理解 I have a bad cold. I have a sore throat and a headache. What should I do? Are there any ways to make my throat feel better? —Rachel, 1 month ago My favorite sore throat “medicine” is hot water with lemon (柠檬) juice and honey. It works very well. —Wishful Spirit, 2 days ago Wash your hands a lot. Rest as much as possible. Also try massaging (按摩) your head to help make your headache go away. —Julie, 1 week ago. Take medicine as early as possible. Keep warm and get a lot of rest. —Michelle, 2 weeks ago 16．When did Michelle give her advice? A．2 days ago. B．1 week ago. C．2 weeks ago. D．1 month ago. 17．How many people advised Rachel to drink water? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 18．This passage may be from ________⁠. A．a sports newspaper B．a doctor’s letter C．the Internet D．an art magazine Recently, 16-year-old Cao Chenzhe from Taizhou, Jiangsu, gave 5,000 yuan to the Disabled Persons’ Federation (残疾人联合会) in Jiangsu to help children. The money was for his brave act of using the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) to save a classmate’s life. Cao clearly remembered that day. One evening in March, he was having dinner at the school canteen. Then he saw a classmate’s face turning purple. “Oh no, something is stuck in his throat (喉咙)!” Cao quickly found the problem and used the Heimlich maneuver, Standing behind his classmate, Cao pressed (按压) hard into his chest (胸膛) with upward thrusts (向上推力). After trying many times, a large rice ball came out of the classmate’s throat. Cao learned the Heimlich maneuver during a safety education class at Jiangyan Licai Experimental School. “The teacher showed us how to do it and we practiced with each other,” said Cao. Apart from these classes, the school organizes safety education classes every month and encourages students to take online classes on the Ministry of Education’s online safety education platform (教育部学校安全教育平台). When talking about safety education, Cao hoped students of his age to take it seriously. “Every student should learn to protect themselves and others in a useful way.” he said. 19．What happened on one March evening at Cao Chenzhe’s school canteen? A．Disabled Persons’ Federation gave 5000 yuan to Cao Chenzhe. B．Cao Chenzhe saved his classmate’s life. C．Students practices the Heimlich maneuver. D．Teachers showed how to do the Heimlich maneuver. 20．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 4? A．The safety education class. B．The large rice ball. C．Jiangyan Licai Experimental School. D．The Heimlich maneuver. 21．How often does Cao Chenzhe’s school organize safety education classes? A．Once a year. B．Once a month. C．Twice a year. D．Three times a year. 22．Which of the following is probably Cao Chenzhe’s advice for students? A．You should only protect yourself. B．It’s meaningless to learn the Heimlich maneuver. C．Why not learn some useful ways to help yourselves and others? D．It’s a waste of time to have safety education classes. A Car Accident in the Heavy Snow ·Process (过程) of the accident: A car crashed into a tree. Some people were trapped in the car. ·Weather conditions: There was a heavy snow. ·Date of the call: December 29, 2023 ·Time of the call: 9: 30 pm ·Name of the caller: Mrs Green ·Place: Yonghuai Road, Huai’an ·Conditions of victims (受害人状况): Mr Green hurt his head. Mrs Green hurt her left leg. Their daughter felt frightened. ·Action: Policemen arrived at 9: 40 pm and they were taken to People’s Hospital at 9: 45 pm. 23．What time did Mrs Green call the police? A．At 9: 30 am. B．At 9: 30 pm. C．At 9: 40 pm. D．At 9: 45 pm. 24．What was the weather like that day? A．It was sunny. B．It was snowy. C．It was cloudy. D．It was rainy. 25．How did Mr Green’s daughter feel at that time? A．Surprised. B．Frightened. C．Angry. D．Bored. 26．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The car crashed into a wall. B．Mrs Green’s daughter hurt her leg and was taken to the hospital. C．The car accident happened on Yonghuai Road, Huai’an. D．The policemen arrived half an hour later and took the victims to the hospital. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have been stuck indoors. Online classes and working from home mean a lot of sitting around on your butt. We already know that if we don’t move much, we get fatter, we get heart problems and maybe we get diabetes (糖尿病). But new studies have shown that it could hurt our mental (心理的) health too. A study of 1020 Brazilian adults during the pandemic found that about 30% of them sat around for more than 10 hours per day. It reported that people who sat for too long often showed more symptoms of depression (抑郁的症状). Another study looked at children. It found that each extra hour of sitting time at ages 12, 14 and 16 led to higher depression scores by age 18. Eighteen-year-old people who sat most often had depression scores 28 % higher than those who were more active. Scientists are not sure yet about the link between too much sitting and depression. But according to Mats Hallgren from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, “Sitting for too long can slow blood flow in the body, including blood flow to the brain.” It might also affect the growth of neurons (神经细胞) in the brain. And couch potatoes might do other unhealthy things while sitting, such as snacking on junk food. All these may lead to depression. The good news? It’s easy to overcome (克服). Aaron Kandola from University College London, UK, said “all types” of movement might help, even light activity. “It is great to exercise and play sports,” said Kandola. “But anything you can do to avoid sitting for too long will help with mood, stress and thinking clearly.” The key message is just to move more, more often. 27．What might happen if we don’t move much? A．We will be mentally healthier. B．We will feel more energetic. C．We will be happier. D．We will get fatter. 28．In this study, how many Brazilian adults sat for more than 10 hours a day? A．936. B．468. C．306. D．234 29．What might “couch potatoes” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．People who don’t move very much. B．People who love to eat potatoes on the couch. C．People who don’t have enough blood in their bodies. D．People whose neurons grow faster than others. 30．What can we learn from the passage? A．18-year-olds might have higher depression scores if they are more active. B．It’s great for people to go out for sports to avoid sitting for too long. C．Too much sitting must affect the growth of brain. D．Watching TV for a long time will help with mood, stress and thinking clearly. 三、任务型阅读 下面文章中有四处需要添加小标题，请从以下选项（A~E）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。其中一项为多余选项。 Students are often very busy. It is difficult for them to get away from bad eating habits. But having a healthy diet (饮食) can help them to feel better. It isn’t really hard to get started. . When there isn’t enough time to sit down and enjoy your breakfast, just have a piece of bread and some juice. You can keep some of these things in your room. . If you really want to have some unhealthy food, you can choose it wisely. For example, choose pizza with less cheese. And don’t eat French fries or fried chicken too much, because there is a lot of fat in them. . When watching a movie at home, you’d always like to have some snacks and it is fine. However, you’d better choose snacks such as fresh fruit, but not potato chips. . Your body needs at least eight glasses of water a day. If you exercise regularly, you need to drink more water Remember, a healthy diet is important for the body. A．Drink lots of water B．Have breakfast C． Choose snacks as you like D．Keep healthy snacks on hand E. Choose fast food wisely 31． 32． 33． 34． 35．Answer the question: What healthy eating habits do you have? 四、单词拼写 36．I want to be a (护士) when I grow up because I hope to help the sick. 37．To the teacher’s (惊讶), all the students passed the exam. 38．The little girl has a very high (发烧). We must take her to the hospital at once. 39．The bus (撞击) a girl yesterday. Luckily, she was taken to the hospital in time and saved. 40．In 2003, Aron Ralston (包扎) his right arm to save his own life. 41．We felt very sad for the old man’s (die). 42．The old man had problems breathing. What should we do (help) him? 43．The journey was a little boring. They don’t enjoy (they) at all. 44．When I’m too angry, (control) myself is not an easy thing. 45．In his speech, our teacher told us the (important) of good teamwork. 五、选词填空 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空，有两词为多余项。 hurt   fever   stomachache   foot   lie   break   toothache 46．She ate too much just now and she has a now. 47．You have watched TV for too long. You should take away from the television. 48．I have a and can’t eat anything. 49．There is something wrong with both of my . 50．My neck badly yesterday, but now I’m feeling better. 六、短文填空 After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink a glass of cold water. When the water 51 (travel) down your throat, you feel so good. However, you are often 52 (tell) not to do so. Is drinking cold water really unhealthy? Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion (消化). Having cold water makes your body’s temperature lower, 53 the body needs to burn energy to bring your temperature back to normal. At the same time, 54 (little) energy is used for digestion. Think of your digestive system (系统) 55 a burning pot. If someone poured cold water into this pot 56 (sudden), what would happen? Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is like adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is 57 good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals may be a bad idea. If you cannot control 58 (you) urge (冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice. Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid 59 (drink) cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes 60 (headache). Scientists will still do more research on this. 七、书面表达 61．你的朋友Jim非常喜欢玩游戏。由于长时间玩电脑游戏，现在头痛、眼睛不舒服、腰酸背痛，并且晚上睡不好觉。请你写一篇英语短文，介绍一下他的情况，并指出你对他的建议。 具体要求： 1. 内容包含上述所提供的信息，可适当发挥； 2. 书写认真，句子通顺，语法正确； 3. 词数：80词左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第2页，共8页 试卷第1页，共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 What's the matter？【B卷·培优卷】 提示：紧贴新教材单元主题 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出一个最佳选项。 Bob is afraid of going to the lab(实验室) again. An accident happened last month. After 1 the experiment(实验) with other students in the lab, he 2 all the useless things in the dustbin. Suddenly, one of the bottles fell from his hands. He went to pick it up. But he hurt 3 . He cut his hand. 4 scared Bob was! The teacher quickly helped him wash the cut and 5 on it to stop bleeding. And then some students found a clean 6 . The teacher put it 7 the cut. The teacher and his classmates 8 him to go to the hospital, but he didn’t go. He thought he would be OK. But later, the 9 was worse than before. Bob had a 10 , so the teacher drove Bob to the hospital. Luckily, it was not really 11 . The doctor took Bob’s temperature and said he had a fever caused(引起) by the cut. And then the doctor put some 12 on the cut and advised him to take 13 . There are many 14 in doing experiments. The students will become more careful 15 they are in the lab after the accident. 1．A．finishing B．playing C．cleaning D．taking 2．A．touched B．put C．moved D．chose 3．A．him B．he C．himself D．his 4．A．How B．What C．Which D．When 5．A．call B．wait C．look D．press 6．A．bandage B．clothes C．bag D．hand 7．A．in B．on C．at D．by 8．A．agreed B．chose C．ordered D．asked 9．A．situation B．information C．result D．resolution 10．A．fever B．cold C．headache D．toothache 11．A．comfortable B．serious C．fine D．boring 12．A．medicine B．water C．food D．temperature 13．A．breaks B．actions C．trips D．messages 14．A．surprises B．risks C．tests D．meetings 15．A．though B．because C．when D．although 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了鲍勃在实验室里发生的事故以及就医情况。 1．句意：在实验室里和其他学生一起完成实验后，他把所有无用的东西都放进了垃圾箱。 finishing结束；playing玩；cleaning清理；taking拿走。根据“he...all the useless things in the dustbin.”可知，实验结束了。故选A。 2．句意：在实验室里和其他学生一起完成实验后，他把所有无用的东西都放进了垃圾箱。 touched触摸；put放；moved移动；chose选择。根据“in the dustbin”可知，是把东西放进垃圾箱。故选B。 3．句意：但是他伤到了自己。 him他，宾格；he他，主格；himself他自己，反身代词；his她的，形容词性物主代词。当宾语和主语是同一主体时用反身代词，主语是he，对应的反身代词是himself。故选C。 4．句意：鲍勃真害怕！ How怎么样；What什么；Which哪一个；When什么时候。sacred“害怕的”是形容词，“how+形容词...!”是感叹句，故选A。 5．句意：老师很快帮他清洗伤口并按压伤口止血。 call打电话；wait等待；look看起来；press按压。根据“The teacher quickly helped him wash the cut and...on it to stop bleeding.”可知，受伤后清洗伤口并按压伤口止血。故选D。 6．句意：然后一些学生发现了一个干净的绷带。 bandage绷带；clothes衣服；bag袋子；hand手。根据“he teacher quickly helped him wash the cut and  press on it to stop bleeding. And then some students found a clean...”可知，受伤后，先清洗再按压止血，然后用上绷带。故选A。 7．句意：老师把他放在伤口上。 in在……里；on在……上；at在……时；by通过。根据“The teacher put it...the cut.”可知，绷带绑在伤口上。故选B。 8．句意：老师和他的同学叫他去医院，但他没有去。 agreed同意；chose选择；ordered命令；asked要求。根据“The teacher and his classmates...him to go to the hospital, but he didn’t go.”可知，老师和他的同学叫他去医院，但他没有去。ask sb to do sth“叫某人做某事”，故填D。 9．句意：但是后来，情况比之前更糟糕。 situation情况；information信息；result结果；resolution解决。根据“But later, the...was worse than before.”可知，情况比之前更糟糕。故选A。 10．句意：鲍勃发烧了，所以老师开车送鲍勃去医院。 fever发烧；cold感冒；headache头疼；toothache牙疼。根据“The doctor took Bob’s temperature and said he had a fever caused by the cut.”可知，医生给鲍勃量了体温，说他是因为割伤而发烧的。故选A。 11．句意：很幸运，不是很严重。 comfortable舒适的；serious严重的；fine好的；boring令人无聊的。根据“Luckily, it was not really...”可知，很幸运，不是很严重。故选B。 12．句意：然后医生在伤口上放了一些药，并建议他休息一下。 medicine药；water水；food食物；temperature温度。根据“And then the doctor put some...on the cut”可知，医生给他敷了药。故选A。 13．句意：然后医生在伤口上放了一些药，并建议他休息一下。 breaks休息；actions行动；trips建议；messages信息。根据“...advised him to take...”可知，医生建议他休息。故选A。 14．句意：做实验有很多风险。 surprises惊喜；risks风险；tests测试；meetings会议。根据文章可知，讲述的是鲍勃因做实验伤到了自己，所以做实验有风险。故选B。 15．句意：事故发生后，学生们在实验室里会变得更加小心。 though尽管；because因为；when当；although虽然。根据“The students will become more careful...they are in the lab after the accident.”可知，当鲍勃发生了事故，学生们在实验室里会变得更加小心。故选C。 二、阅读理解 I have a bad cold. I have a sore throat and a headache. What should I do? Are there any ways to make my throat feel better? —Rachel, 1 month ago My favorite sore throat “medicine” is hot water with lemon (柠檬) juice and honey. It works very well. —Wishful Spirit, 2 days ago Wash your hands a lot. Rest as much as possible. Also try massaging (按摩) your head to help make your headache go away. —Julie, 1 week ago. Take medicine as early as possible. Keep warm and get a lot of rest. —Michelle, 2 weeks ago 16．When did Michelle give her advice? A．2 days ago. B．1 week ago. C．2 weeks ago. D．1 month ago. 17．How many people advised Rachel to drink water? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 18．This passage may be from ________⁠. A．a sports newspaper B．a doctor’s letter C．the Internet D．an art magazine 【答案】16．C 17．A 18．C 【导语】本文讲述了Rachel得了重感冒在网上向大家寻求建议，不同的人在不同的时间给出了自己的建议。 16．细节理解题。根据“Michelle, 2 weeks ago”可知，是两周前。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“My favorite sore throat ‘medicine’ is hot water with lemon juice and honey. It works very well.”可知，有一个人建议喝水。故选A。 18．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Rachel得了重感冒向大家寻求建议，不同的人在不同的时间给出了自己的建议。由此推断，短文最有可能来源于网上。故选C。 Recently, 16-year-old Cao Chenzhe from Taizhou, Jiangsu, gave 5,000 yuan to the Disabled Persons’ Federation (残疾人联合会) in Jiangsu to help children. The money was for his brave act of using the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) to save a classmate’s life. Cao clearly remembered that day. One evening in March, he was having dinner at the school canteen. Then he saw a classmate’s face turning purple. “Oh no, something is stuck in his throat (喉咙)!” Cao quickly found the problem and used the Heimlich maneuver, Standing behind his classmate, Cao pressed (按压) hard into his chest (胸膛) with upward thrusts (向上推力). After trying many times, a large rice ball came out of the classmate’s throat. Cao learned the Heimlich maneuver during a safety education class at Jiangyan Licai Experimental School. “The teacher showed us how to do it and we practiced with each other,” said Cao. Apart from these classes, the school organizes safety education classes every month and encourages students to take online classes on the Ministry of Education’s online safety education platform (教育部学校安全教育平台). When talking about safety education, Cao hoped students of his age to take it seriously. “Every student should learn to protect themselves and others in a useful way.” he said. 19．What happened on one March evening at Cao Chenzhe’s school canteen? A．Disabled Persons’ Federation gave 5000 yuan to Cao Chenzhe. B．Cao Chenzhe saved his classmate’s life. C．Students practices the Heimlich maneuver. D．Teachers showed how to do the Heimlich maneuver. 20．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 4? A．The safety education class. B．The large rice ball. C．Jiangyan Licai Experimental School. D．The Heimlich maneuver. 21．How often does Cao Chenzhe’s school organize safety education classes? A．Once a year. B．Once a month. C．Twice a year. D．Three times a year. 22．Which of the following is probably Cao Chenzhe’s advice for students? A．You should only protect yourself. B．It’s meaningless to learn the Heimlich maneuver. C．Why not learn some useful ways to help yourselves and others? D．It’s a waste of time to have safety education classes. 【答案】19．B 20．D 21．B 22．C 【导语】本文介绍了16岁曹宸哲关键时刻用海姆立克急救法挽救了同学的生命的事迹。 19．细节理解题。根据“One evening in March, he was having dinner at the school canteen. Then he saw a classmate’s face turning purple.”“After trying many times, a large rice ball came out of the classmate’s throat”可知，三月份的一个晚上他救了同学的命，故选B。 20．词义猜测题。根据“Cao learned the Heimlich maneuver during a safety education class at Jiangyan Licai Experimental School”，“The teacher showed us how to do it”可知，老师向同学们展示如何实施海姆立克急救法，所以it指代“The Heimlich maneuver”，故选D。 21．细节理解题。根据“Apart from these classes, the school organizes safety education classes every month”可知，每月组织安全教育课程，故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据“Every student should learn to protect themselves and others in a useful way.”可知，每个学生都应该学会用一种有用的方式保护自己和他人，故选C。 A Car Accident in the Heavy Snow ·Process (过程) of the accident: A car crashed into a tree. Some people were trapped in the car. ·Weather conditions: There was a heavy snow. ·Date of the call: December 29, 2023 ·Time of the call: 9: 30 pm ·Name of the caller: Mrs Green ·Place: Yonghuai Road, Huai’an ·Conditions of victims (受害人状况): Mr Green hurt his head. Mrs Green hurt her left leg. Their daughter felt frightened. ·Action: Policemen arrived at 9: 40 pm and they were taken to People’s Hospital at 9: 45 pm. 23．What time did Mrs Green call the police? A．At 9: 30 am. B．At 9: 30 pm. C．At 9: 40 pm. D．At 9: 45 pm. 24．What was the weather like that day? A．It was sunny. B．It was snowy. C．It was cloudy. D．It was rainy. 25．How did Mr Green’s daughter feel at that time? A．Surprised. B．Frightened. C．Angry. D．Bored. 26．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The car crashed into a wall. B．Mrs Green’s daughter hurt her leg and was taken to the hospital. C．The car accident happened on Yonghuai Road, Huai’an. D．The policemen arrived half an hour later and took the victims to the hospital. 【答案】23．B 24．B 25．B 26．C 【导语】本文是一份有关交通事故的报告，主要介绍了事故发生的时间、地点以及人员受伤等情况。 23．细节理解题。根据“Time of the call: 9: 30 pm”可知，报警时间是晚上九点半。故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据“Weather conditions: There was a heavy snow.”可知，那天下着大雪。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据“Their daughter felt frightened.”可知，他们的女儿非常害怕。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据“Place: Yonghuai Road, Huai’an”可知，车祸发生在淮安市永淮路。故选C。 Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have been stuck indoors. Online classes and working from home mean a lot of sitting around on your butt. We already know that if we don’t move much, we get fatter, we get heart problems and maybe we get diabetes (糖尿病). But new studies have shown that it could hurt our mental (心理的) health too. A study of 1020 Brazilian adults during the pandemic found that about 30% of them sat around for more than 10 hours per day. It reported that people who sat for too long often showed more symptoms of depression (抑郁的症状). Another study looked at children. It found that each extra hour of sitting time at ages 12, 14 and 16 led to higher depression scores by age 18. Eighteen-year-old people who sat most often had depression scores 28 % higher than those who were more active. Scientists are not sure yet about the link between too much sitting and depression. But according to Mats Hallgren from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, “Sitting for too long can slow blood flow in the body, including blood flow to the brain.” It might also affect the growth of neurons (神经细胞) in the brain. And couch potatoes might do other unhealthy things while sitting, such as snacking on junk food. All these may lead to depression. The good news? It’s easy to overcome (克服). Aaron Kandola from University College London, UK, said “all types” of movement might help, even light activity. “It is great to exercise and play sports,” said Kandola. “But anything you can do to avoid sitting for too long will help with mood, stress and thinking clearly.” The key message is just to move more, more often. 27．What might happen if we don’t move much? A．We will be mentally healthier. B．We will feel more energetic. C．We will be happier. D．We will get fatter. 28．In this study, how many Brazilian adults sat for more than 10 hours a day? A．936. B．468. C．306. D．234 29．What might “couch potatoes” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．People who don’t move very much. B．People who love to eat potatoes on the couch. C．People who don’t have enough blood in their bodies. D．People whose neurons grow faster than others. 30．What can we learn from the passage? A．18-year-olds might have higher depression scores if they are more active. B．It’s great for people to go out for sports to avoid sitting for too long. C．Too much sitting must affect the growth of brain. D．Watching TV for a long time will help with mood, stress and thinking clearly. 【答案】27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文主要讲述的是久坐可能会导致抑郁，人们应该多运动。 27．细节理解题。根据“We already know that if we don’t move much, we get fatter, we get heart problems and maybe we get diabetes (糖尿病).”可知，如果我们不多动，我们就会变胖。故选D。 28．推理判断题。根据“A study of 1020 Brazilian adults during the pandemic found that about 30% of them sat around for more than 10 hours per day.”可知，在疫情期间对1020名巴西成年人进行的一项研究发现，其中约 30% 的人每天静坐时间超过10小时，即约306人每天坐着超过10小时。故选C。 29．词句猜测题。根据“Sitting for too long can slow blood flow in the body, including blood flow to the brain.”可知，久坐会减慢身体的血液流动，由此猜测，“couch potatoes”指的是不怎么动的人。故选A。 30．细节理解题。根据“It is great to exercise and play sports...The key message is just to move more, more often.”可知，锻炼和运动是好的，且关键就是多运动，多运动。故选B。 三、任务型阅读 下面文章中有四处需要添加小标题，请从以下选项（A~E）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。其中一项为多余选项。 Students are often very busy. It is difficult for them to get away from bad eating habits. But having a healthy diet (饮食) can help them to feel better. It isn’t really hard to get started. . When there isn’t enough time to sit down and enjoy your breakfast, just have a piece of bread and some juice. You can keep some of these things in your room. . If you really want to have some unhealthy food, you can choose it wisely. For example, choose pizza with less cheese. And don’t eat French fries or fried chicken too much, because there is a lot of fat in them. . When watching a movie at home, you’d always like to have some snacks and it is fine. However, you’d better choose snacks such as fresh fruit, but not potato chips. . Your body needs at least eight glasses of water a day. If you exercise regularly, you need to drink more water Remember, a healthy diet is important for the body. A．Drink lots of water B．Have breakfast C． Choose snacks as you like D．Keep healthy snacks on hand E. Choose fast food wisely 31． 32． 33． 34． 35．Answer the question: What healthy eating habits do you have? 【答案】31．B 32．E 33．D 34．A 35．I go to bed early and wake up early, and I eat fruits and vegetables every day. 【导语】本文介绍了多种养成良好饮食习惯的建议。 31．根据“When there isn’t enough time to sit down and enjoy your breakfast, just have a piece of bread and some juice.”可知，此处是介绍有关吃早餐的情况，选项B“吃早餐”符合，故选B。 32．根据“If you really want to have some unhealthy food, you can choose it wisely. For example, choose pizza with less cheese. And don’t eat French fries or fried chicken too much, because there is a lot of fat in them.”可知，此处是介绍有关快餐方面的情况，选项E“明智地选择快餐”符合，故选E。 33．根据“When watching a movie at home, you’d always like to have some snacks and it is fine. However, you’d better choose snacks such as fresh fruit, but not potato chips.”可知，此处是说有关选择零食的情况，选项D“在手边准备一些健康的零食”符合，故选D。 34．根据“Your body needs at least eight glasses of water a day. If you exercise regularly, you need to drink more water”可知，此处是介绍有关喝水的情况，选项A“多喝水”符合，故选A。 35．主观题，符合题意即可，故填I go to bed early and wake up early, and I eat fruits and vegetables every day. 四、单词拼写 36．I want to be a (护士) when I grow up because I hope to help the sick. 【答案】nurse 【详解】句意：我长大后想成为一名护士，因为我希望帮助病人。根据“a”与提示词可知，nurse“护士”，可数名词，此处应用单数形式作宾语。故填nurse。 37．To the teacher’s (惊讶), all the students passed the exam. 【答案】surprise 【详解】句意：令老师惊讶的是，所有的学生都通过了考试。To one’s surprise意为“令某人惊讶的是”，固定短语。故填surprise。 38．The little girl has a very high (发烧). We must take her to the hospital at once. 【答案】fever 【详解】句意：这个小女孩发高烧了。我们必须马上带她去医院。fever“发烧”，是名词，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数名词，故填fever。 39．The bus (撞击) a girl yesterday. Luckily, she was taken to the hospital in time and saved. 【答案】hit 【详解】句意：昨天公共汽车撞了一个女孩。幸运的是，她被及时送往医院，得救了。空处缺少谓语动词，由下文可知这里同样使用一般过去时；hit撞击，动词，过去式是hit。故填hit。 40．In 2003, Aron Ralston (包扎) his right arm to save his own life. 【答案】bandaged 【详解】句意：2003年，Aron Ralston包扎右臂以挽救自己的生命。根据事件发生的时间可知横线上用过去式，bandage动词意为“包扎”，其过去式为bandaged。故填bandaged。 41．We felt very sad for the old man’s (die). 【答案】death 【详解】句意：我们对那位老人的死感到非常难过。根据“We felt very sad for the old man’s”可知，设空处应该填所给词的名词形式death“死”，为不可数名词。故填death。 42．The old man had problems breathing. What should we do (help) him? 【答案】to help 【详解】句意：那位老人呼吸有问题。我们应该做点什么来帮助他？本句主语谓语宾语俱全，可考虑缺少状语；根据语境可知我们能做点什么事情的目的是为了帮助老人；help意为“帮助”，动词，其前加to构成动词不定式可作目的状语。故填to help。 43．The journey was a little boring. They don’t enjoy (they) at all. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：旅途有点无聊。他们玩得一点也不开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心，过得愉快”，所以空处应用they对应的反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 44．When I’m too angry, (control) myself is not an easy thing. 【答案】controlling 【详解】句意：当我太生气的时候，控制自己不是一件容易的事。分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词形式，作主语。故填controlling。 45．In his speech, our teacher told us the (important) of good teamwork. 【答案】importance 【详解】句意：在他的演讲中，我们的老师告诉我们良好团队合作的重要性。根据“the…of”可知，空处用名词，importance意为“重要性”，名词。故填importance。 五、选词填空 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空，有两词为多余项。 hurt   fever   stomachache   foot   lie   break   toothache 46．She ate too much just now and she has a now. 47．You have watched TV for too long. You should take away from the television. 48．I have a and can’t eat anything. 49．There is something wrong with both of my . 50．My neck badly yesterday, but now I’m feeling better. 【答案】46．stomachache 47．breaks 48．toothache 49．feet 50．hurt 【解析】46．句意：她刚才吃得太多了，现在肚子痛。根据“ate too much”及备选词可知，表示吃多了肚子痛。have a stomachache表示“肚子痛”。故填stomachache。 47．句意：你看电视的时间太长了。你应该离开电视休息一下。根据“You have watched TV...away from the television.”及备选词可知，表示看电视的时间太久了，得去休息。take breaks表示“休息一下”，break在这个短语中应用复数形式breaks。故填breaks。 48．句意：我牙痛，吃不下东西。 根据“can’t eat anything”及备选词可知，此处指牙痛，have a toothache表示“牙痛”。故填toothache。 49．句意：我的两只脚都有毛病。根据“There is something wrong with both of my...”及备选词可知，此处具体指我的脚，应用复数形式feet。故填feet。 50． 句意：我的脖子昨天疼得很厉害，但现在感觉好多了。根据“My neck...badly yesterday, but now I’m feeling better.”及备选词可知，此处应是指我的脖子很痛，用hurt表示“使疼痛，感到疼痛”。另由“yesterday”可知，是过去发生的事，用过去式hurt。故填hurt。 六、短文填空 After exercising, the first thing that you want to do is to drink a glass of cold water. When the water 51 (travel) down your throat, you feel so good. However, you are often 52 (tell) not to do so. Is drinking cold water really unhealthy? Cold water is said to slow down a person’s digestion (消化). Having cold water makes your body’s temperature lower, 53 the body needs to burn energy to bring your temperature back to normal. At the same time, 54 (little) energy is used for digestion. Think of your digestive system (系统) 55 a burning pot. If someone poured cold water into this pot 56 (sudden), what would happen? Similarly, when you drink cold water while eating, it is like adding water to a burning pot. Of course, it isn’t that bad, but it is 57 good way to explain why drinking cold water during meals may be a bad idea. If you cannot control 58 (you) urge (冲动) to do so, drinking water at room temperature is a better choice. Traditional Chinese medicine suggests trying to avoid 59 (drink) cold water. And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes 60 (headache). Scientists will still do more research on this. 【答案】 51．travels 52．told 53．so 54．less 55．as 56．suddenly 57．a 58．your 59．drinking 60．headaches 【导语】本文主要介绍了经常性饮用冷水对身体所产生的不良影响。 51．句意：当水流进你的喉咙时，你感觉很好。根据“you feel so good”和语境可知，此句应用一般现在时，主语the water时第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填travels。 52．句意：但是，您经常被告知不要这样做。根据“However, you are often…(tell) not to do so.”可知，指被告知不能那样做，此句应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be done。故填told。 53．句意：喝冷水会使身体温度降低，因此身体需要燃烧能量才能使体温恢复正常。根据“Having cold water makes your body’s temperature lower,…the body needs to burn energy to bring your temperature back to normal.”可知，前后两个句子为因果关系，前因后果。因此用so连接。故填so。 54．句意：同时，用于消化的能量也更少。根据“Having cold water makes your body’s temperature lower,…the body needs to burn energy to bring your temperature back to normal.”可知，燃烧多的能量保持体温，用于消化的能量就更少了，此处应用little的比较less，表示“更少的”。故填less。 55．句意：将您的消化系统想象成一个燃烧的锅。根据“ Think of your digestive system (系统)…a burning pot.”可知，指想象成一个燃烧的锅，此处应用as表示“成为，作为”之意。故填as。 56．句意：如果有人突然往这个锅里倒冷水，会发生什么？根据“If someone poured cold water into this pot…(sudden)”可知，指突然地倒水进锅里，此处应用sudden的副词形式修饰动词poured。故填suddenly。 57．句意：当然，这并没有那么糟糕，但它很好地解释了为什么吃饭时喝冷水可能是一个坏主意。根据“good way”可知，指一个好的方式，此处用不定冠词修饰名词way，表示泛指，good是以辅音音素开头，因此用a。故填a。 58．句意：如果您无法控制这样做的冲动，喝室温水是更好的选择。根据“urge”可知，指你的冲动，此处应用you的形容词性物主代词修饰名词urge。故填your。 59．句意：中医建议尽量避免喝冷水。根据“avoid”可知，指避免喝冷水，avoid doing sth.意为“避免做某事”。故填drinking。 60．句意：欧洲的现代研究指出，喝冷水会导致头痛。根据“And modern studies in Europe point out drinking cold water causes…(headache)”可知，喝冷水会导致头痛，此处应用复数形式表示“头痛”这类疾病。故填headaches。 七、书面表达 61．你的朋友Jim非常喜欢玩游戏。由于长时间玩电脑游戏，现在头痛、眼睛不舒服、腰酸背痛，并且晚上睡不好觉。请你写一篇英语短文，介绍一下他的情况，并指出你对他的建议。 具体要求： 1. 内容包含上述所提供的信息，可适当发挥； 2. 书写认真，句子通顺，语法正确； 3. 词数：80词左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文      Jim is my friend. He likes playing computer games very much. He often sits in the same way for too long without moving. Now he has a headache, sore eyes and a sore back. He doesn’t sleep well at night, so he feels tired every day.      I think he should take breaks away from the computer. He shouldn’t use the computer for a long time. He should do eye exercises to relax his eyes and go to bed early at night.      I think if he has a good rest, he will feel well soon. 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，以第三人称为主。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍Jim的基本情况； 第二步，阐述自己给出的建议。 [亮点词汇] ①like doing sth喜欢做某事 ②in the same way以同样的方式 ③do eye exercises做眼保健操 [高分句型] ①I think he should take breaks away from the computer.（省略that的宾语从句） ②I think if he has a good rest, he will feel well soon.（if引导的条件状语从句） 试卷第2页，共15页 试卷第1页，共15页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$