Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came 知识清单 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came？ 一.词形变换： begin--__________(pt.) report(v./n.)--__________(n.记者) match(n.火柴)--__________(pl.) beat--_________(pt.) sleep--____________(adj.睡着) die--__________(现在分词) fall--____________(adj.倒下的，落下的) ice--_________(adj.) complete(adj.)--_____________(adv.) shock(v.震惊)--__________(adj.震惊的) true(adj.)--____________(n.)--___________(adv.) beat ________(pt.) 二．重点短语: 1. 等公交车_______________2.在…的时候____________3. (闹钟)发出响声________4.rain heavily________ 5.接电话_________6.take a shower___________7.at that time___________8.fall asleep________9.逐渐变弱/消失_________10. in a mess__________11.break.. . apart ___________12.right away_________ 13.你在开玩笑______________14.by the side of____________15.walk by__________16. make one’s way to …_____________ 17.the rest of___________18.沉默;无声________19. take down____________;____________20.对某人有意义__________________21. point out________ 三．重要知识点： 1. What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm? 昨天当暴风雨来临的时候人们正在做些什么？ 【解析】过去进行时 ⑴ 用法：①过去某个时间正在发生的动作 He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。 ②过去某段时间正在发生的动作 I was staying here from March to May last year.去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。 ⑵ 与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night，at that time= then，at this time yesterday 或有when the teacher came in， while he was reading的提示 ⑶ 过去进行时的构成：was\were +现在分词 ⑷ 过去进行时的四个基本句型 肯定句 He was cooking at six last night. 否定句 He was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night? 两个回答Yes ,he was. No, he wasn’t. 特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night? ⑸时态的选择：根据句意 Jim was reading when the teacher came in. 当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。 Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。 Jim came in while Kate was watching TV. 在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。 ⑹请比较 He watched TV last night. （用一般过去时，表过去完整的动作） He was watching TV at nine last night. (用过去进行时，表过去一个动作片段) 练一练： 【黑龙江绥化】My uncle ___ books in the room at this time yesterday. A. was seeing  B. is reading C. was reading 【齐齐哈尔】What  ____ you  _____ when the captain came in?     A. are; doing       B. did; do   C. were; doing 巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1) .He __________________(watch)TV at nine last night. (2) He __________________(watch)TV last night. (3) --What __________________the twins __________________(do) then? --They ___________________ (listen) to the music at that time. (4). — ________Lily _________(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? — No, she _______ (5). We _______________ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang. (6) Her mother ____________(cook) while her father _____________(watch) TV. (7) Tom reads books every day.(用at nine last night替换every day) Tom __________books at nine last night. 2.I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily. 当天开始下大雨的时候我正在等公交车 【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上 heavy adj. 沉重的 形容风大的时候常用strong, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard 练一练：It is raining __________, it is a really _________ rain. 【黔西南】Sometimes it rains _________in Guizhou in summer . A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly The radio says there will be a _________ wind tomorrow. A. heavily B. heavy C. strong D. Strongly 3.I called at seven and you didn’t pick up. 我七点钟给你打电话，你没有接。 【解析】 pick up 接电话 Tom, I called you, but you didn’t pick up 捡起；拾起 I pick up a wallet on my way home （开车）接某人 I will pick you up at the station 【陕西】The workers in the Huashan Mountains have to ___ rubbish to keep the mountains clean. A. turn up B. pick up C. mix up D. give up Shall I _______you ________ at the station?  4. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有一丝光亮， 让人感觉这是在午夜。 【解析1】with + n +adj./prep./doing ，在句中做伴随状语 练一练：She can see stars in the dark sky____________________________(开/关着窗子) Tom usually sleeps _______________________(开/关着灯) We couldn’t have fun with a serious storm ______________(happen) outside. 【解析2】feel like________ sth (1)想要做某事= would like /want to do sth (2)感觉好像要… 练一练：Tom feels like ____________(eat) something. I feel like _______ (catch) a clod today. 5.Ben’s dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working . 本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。 【解析】辨析when和while用法： (1)when指时间点或时间段， while只指时间段，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词是________动词或_______动词，多用________时态；而while从句中的动词必须是_________动词,多用________时态。 如：_______ the teacher came in, we were talking. ______ we were talking, the teacher came in. (2)when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主从句两个动作同时发生。 如：______ I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 ______ I was dancing，my brother was singing．当我跳舞时，我弟弟在唱（两动作同时进行） (3) 当表示年龄或是生命中的一段时间时，用when而不用while. 如：_______ I was a child we lived in London. 我小时候住在伦敦。 (4) while 还可作并列连词,表示“而，却”，表__________关系,when 没有此用法。 如： He is strong ________ his brother is weak. 他长得很结实，而他弟弟却很瘦弱。 练一练： 用when或while填空： ① The girls were dancing ________the boys were singing. ② Tom’s mother was cooking ________ he got home. ③ ________ Tom’s mother was cooking, he got home. ④______ Tom was 5 years old, he was able to play the piano well. 用恰当时态填空： ① While Jake __________ (look) for customers, he _______ (see) a woman.  ② They __________ (play) football on the playground when it _____ (begin) to rain.  ③ A strange box ________ (arrive) while we _________ (talk).  ④ John ____________ (sleep) when someone __________ (steal) his car.   6.Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。 【解析1】 against ________词，后跟名词、代词、________词。 ⑴表示位置，意为“靠着”、“顶着”等： The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。 He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上 ⑵ “反对;对抗”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly： be against (________) sth. 反对（做）某事 Are you for or against the plan?  你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢? 练一练： （1）【临沂】Mr. Wang is strongly ___ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also enjoy freedom. A. up B. for C. against D. down （2）Tom was standing there __________ a tree at that time. 当时Tom正靠着树站在那里。 （3）Our class will have a basketball match ________Class 2 on Friday.周五我们班将和2班进行篮球对抗赛。 【解析1】beat和win beat : ①敲击 ②打败(对方) pt.________ win : 赢,获胜（比赛；奖品，奖金；战争） pt._______ 练一练：① --Did Milke _____the table tennis match? --No, he didn’t. Tom _______him. ②The rain began to _______heavily against the windows while I was reading last night. 7. When he woke up. the sun was rising 当他醒来的时候，太阳已经升起来了。 【解析】rise 和raise 提高；增强；上升，升起 (1)rise 升起；上升 主语自身移向较高位置 sth. rise… (主语是物，某物自己升起来) (2)raise ①举起；提高 主语发出的动作作用于其他事物 sb. raise sth. (主语是人，某人把某物举起来) ②筹集 raise money筹钱 ③抚养 练一练： ①The sun ________ in the east and sets in the west.日出于东而落于西。 ②He ________his right hand. 他举起了右手。 ③We ________ some money for the poor children. 我们为贫穷孩子筹集了一些钱。 ④It’s not easy for parents to _________there children. 父母抚养孩子不容易。 8.What event happened at the school yesterday?昨天学校发生了什么事？ 【解析】 happen (1) v .“发生” ，没有被动语态 ，主语是事、物，强调某事发生的偶然性 __________________________________ 某人发生某事 What___________ to you?=What was wrong with him? (2) v. “碰巧，恰好” __________________________________ 某人碰巧做某事 She happened ________(be) out when we called. It happened that… “碰巧…” Tom happened to meet his best friend in Tai’an yesterday.(同义句) _______ ____ ________ Tom met his best friend in Tai’an yesterday. 拓展：take place 举行；发生，没有被动语态，指事情有计划有安排地发生 The sports meeting _____________ in our school last week. 练一练： ①A car accident __________ to Tom yesterday. Luckily, he wasn’t hurt. A. happened B. took place C. was happened D. was taken place ②【铜仁】Great changes _________ in Tongren in the past five years. A. have happened B. have taken place C. have been happened D. have been taken place ③【临沂】The Olympic Games of 2016 _____ in Brazil. A. take after B. take off C. took place D. take away 9. Robert Allen is now over 50 , but he was a school pupil at that time.罗柏特 艾伦现在已经50多岁了，但那时候他还只是一名小学生。 【解析】1. over= more than 超过; 2. 覆盖，在……之上 3.结束 【连云港】—Can I join Oxfam Trailwalker? —Only if you are _____ eighteen. A. over B. on C. under D. below 【安徽】Mrs. King put a coat_____ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. A. over B. with C. behind D. beside 10. When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school. 【解析】 make one’s way to … 朝着…走；费力地前进（当后接地点副词时，应省略介词to） I’ll make my way ___ school now. I’ll make my way ___ home now. 11.Robert and his friends were surprised to hear the news. 罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。 【解析】be surprised ____________ sth 做某事很惊讶 be surprised _________ sth. 对……感到吃惊 【拓展】surprise v 使惊讶→surprising adj. 令人惊讶的→surprised adj. 惊讶的 ①to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是（常置于句首，后面引出一句话） ②in surprise 惊讶地 （修饰某一动作） 练一练： ①We are ____________at the _____________news.(surprise) ( )② ___his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain. A. At B. To C. In D. On ③Tom looked at me __________ and could say nothing. Tom惊讶地看着我说不出话。 12. I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid. 后来由于害怕我无法清晰地思考。 【解析】trouble n. 困难； 苦恼； 忧虑 have trouble/difficulty/problems （in）__________ sth. 做某事有麻烦 拓展：(1)in trouble 处于困境中 ⑵What's the trouble with you ?= What’s the matter with you ?= What’s wrong with you ? 练一练： ( ) ①I had trouble ____ my homework. A. to finish B. finishing C. finishes D. finish ( ) ② – Mr. Wang , I have trouble ___ the text. --Remember ____ it three times at least. A. to understand; reading B. understanding; reading C. understanding; to read D. to understand; to read 四．书面表达 本单元的考点：谈论过去的事情，是一定要用过去进行时，来表示当过去某事发生的时候，某某正在做某事。而同学们千万不要忘了过去进行时的格式 was (were) + doing，而且过去发生的短暂的动作一定要到一般过去时。 （注意以下句子划线处） 例如：When the accident happened, Sam was taking a shower, Nick was watching TV. Then they helped the injured people together. (当事故发生时，山姆正在洗澡，尼克正在看电视，然后他们一起去帮助伤者) 范文：昨晚七点开始下雨，请你描述一下当时你和你的家人分别在做些什么。 It began to rain at about 7:00 yeaterdat evening. At that time I was doing my homework in my bedroom. And my sister was playing with her favorite toy doll. My father was watching TV. He was watching CCTV news.My mother was washing dishes in the kitchen. 1.An important event that I remember well was Wenchuan Earthquake. It happened on May 12, 2008 in Wenchuan, Sichuan. When I heard the news of this event, I was working. My friends were watching games on TV. This event is very important to me because many people died in the earthquake. They need some help. Lots of people came to help them. 2.P18 2d 改编： A terrible day Yesterday was a terrible day. ①My alarm didn’t go off so I woke up late. ②Then I ran to the bus stop. But I still missed the bus. So I was late for class and my teacher was angry. I felt bad all day. ③At 4:30, it was time to go home. I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain suddenly. ④While I was looking for the umbrella, a car came and got the water all over me. So I was waiting like that for about an hour. ⑤Finally, the bus came and brought me home. I took a shower and ate some warm food. It felt so good to be home. 3. 书面表达 　　假如你叫王凡, 是一名八年级的中学生。上个星期五的上午, 你们班去了动物园。请根据下面的提示, 写一篇不少于80个词的短文, 介绍一下这次活动。 提示: (1)上个星期五上午, 我们去了动物园。我们是坐公交车去的。我起床晚了。当我赶到车站的时候, 同学们正在等我。 (2)当我们到达动物园的时候, 一些人正在动物园前面的广场上跳舞。 (3)当我们走进动物园的时候, 老虎正在吃肉, 猴子在爬树,狮子在树下睡觉。 (4)当我们在动物园闲逛的时候, 李磊拍了一些照片。 参考词汇：square n.广场 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— 课文复述 The storm … 1. Ben could hear…outside…in Alabama. Black clouds were… With….outside, it….midnight. The news…that a….was in… 2. Everyone in….was… Ben’s dad was….over…while his mom…..were… She also put….on…. 3. Ben was….when the rain began….against…. After dinner, they tried…., but it….to…with….outside. 4. Ben could not….He finally …when the wind…..at…. When he…, the sun…. He went…and found….. Fallen trees, broken…and …were…. They joined …to help…. Although the storm…., it brought….closer… Do you remember what you were doing? 1. We were…in…when we….on… The news reporter…,“Dr King ….”My parents were….! My parents did not…, and we finished…. 2. More …, most Americans remember what….when…..in…was….by….Even the date—September 11,2001--……. 3. This was a day Kate Smith…. She remembers…in…near… “My friend shouted that ….! I didn’t…., but then I ….and realized that…. I was so…that…..” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$