【同步100分背默】Unit2 No Rules,No Order 知识清单-2024-2025学年七年级下册同步知识背默（人教版2024）

【同步100分背默】Unit2 No Rules,No Order 知识清单 一．重点词汇背默 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Section A 1．________/ruːl/ n．规则；规章 2.________/'ɔːdə(r)/n.秩序；命令v.点菜；命令 3．________/'fɒləʊ/v.遵循，跟随 4.________/ə'raɪv/v.到达 5．________/'hɔːlweɪ/n.走廊 6.________/'juːnɪfɔːm/n.校服，制服 7．________/'lɪtə(r)/v.乱扔 n．垃圾 8.________/pə'laɪt/adj.有礼貌的 9．________/triːt/v.对待，招待，治疗 n．款待 10.________/rɪ'spekt/n.& v．尊敬 11．________/ɪf/conj.如果 12.________/'dʒækɪt/n.夹克衫，短上衣 13．________/'evriθɪ/pron.每件事，一切 14.________/lend/v.借给，借出 15．________/swiːt/n.糖果 adj.甜的 16.________/snæk/n.点心，小吃 17．________/'məʊbaɪl/adj.可移动的 18.________/kjuː/n.队 19．________/liːv/v.离开； 留下 20.________/'æbsənt/adj.缺席的，不在的 21．________/'kwaɪətli/adv.轻声地；安静地 22.________/belt/n.安全带，腰带，皮带 23．________/fiːd/v.喂养，饲养 24.________/nɔɪz/n.声音，噪声 1. rule　2. order　3. follow　4. arrive5. hallway　6. uniform　7. litter　8. polite　9. treat 10. respect　11. if　12. jacket　13. everything　14. lend15. sweet　16. snack　17. mobile　18. queue　19. leave20. absent　21. quietly　22. belt　23. feed　24. noise Section B 1．________/ʌn'hæpi/ adj.不快乐的 2．________/'aɪðə(r)；'iːðə(r)/ adv.也(用于否定词组后) 3．________/'præktɪs/ v．训练；练习 4.________ /hæ/ v．悬挂 5．________/'wiːkdeɪ/ n．工作日 6.________/'ɔːfl/ adj.糟糕的；讨厌的 7．________/bɪ'kʌm/ v．变成，成为 8.________/'betə(r)/ adj.较好的adv.较好地 9．________/'pɜːsn/ n．人 10.________/'fəʊkəs/ v．集中(注意力、精力等)；聚焦 11．________/bɪld/v.创建；建造 12.________ /'spɪrɪt/ n．精神；情绪 13．________ /rɪ'læks/ v．放松；休息 14.________/əd'vaɪs/ n．建议；意见 15．________ /ˌʌndə'stænd/v.理解；领会 16.________/ʌn'taɪdi/ adj.不整洁的 1. unhappy　 2. either　3. practise　4. hang5. weekday　6. awful　7. become　8. better　9. person　10. focus　11. build　12. spirit　13. relax　14. advice　15. understand　16. untidy 二．词汇拓展背默 Section A 1． polite →__________(adj.反义词) →__________(adv.礼貌地)→__________(adv.不礼貌地) 2．absent→____________(名词) 3．quiet→____________(副词) 4．noise→____________(形容词) 1. impolite; politely; impolitely2. absence　3. quietly　 4. noisy Section B 1．happy →____________(adv.)→____________(adj.不高兴的) →____________(adv.不高兴地) 2．tidy→____________(adj.反义词) 3．good→____________(adj.比较级，较好的) →____________(adj.最高级，最好的) 4．build→____________(n.建筑物) 5.help→____________(adj.) 1. happily; unhappy; unhappily 　2. untidy3. better; best　4. building　5. helpful 三．重点短语背默 Section A 1.________________迟到 2.________________准时 3．________________不得不 4.________________当然 5．________________手机 6.________________关掉(水、电或煤气) 7．________________插队 8.________________等待 9．________________ 缺席，不在 10.________________以……方式对待 11．________________举起；张贴 12.________________对……有利 13．________________从……到…… 14.________________玩得开心 15．________________把某物借给某人 16.________________看一看…… 17．________________戴上；穿上 18.________________制造噪音；发出声响 1. late(for)　2. on time　3. have to4. of course　5. mobile phone　6. turn off7. jump the queue　8. wait for　9. absent from10. treat…with　11. put up　12. be good for13. from…to…　14. have fun15. lend sth.to sb./ lend sb.sth. 16. look at17. put on　18. make noise Section B 1.________________整理床铺；铺床 2.________________闲逛 3．________________集中(注意力、精力等)于 4.________________思考；考虑 5．________________急忙…… 6.________________对……表示尊重 7．________________在周末 8.________________遛狗 9．________________与……相处得好 10.________________照顾 11．________________与……打架 12.________________对……友好 13．________________根据 1. make sb.'s/the bed　2. hang out3. focus on4. think about 5. hurry to6. show respect for　7. at weekends　8. walk the dog9. get along well with　10. take care of　11. fight with 12. be kind to　13. according to 四．重点句子背默 Section A 1．________________________________ school.上学不要迟到。 2．________________ and ________ everyone with respect.有礼貌，尊重每个人。 3．________________ your hand________ you want to ask your teacher a question.如果你想问老师问题，请举手。 4．I can________________________________．我可以把我的笔借给你。 5．—________________drink water ？　— Yes，________________．——我们可以喝水吗？——当然可以。 6．I'm sorry, I________________________ my phone.抱歉，我不得不接电话。 7．We________________________________________ and keep them in our lockers.我们不得不把它们关机，并把它们保存在我们的有锁储物柜里。 8．________________ telling me, Anne.安妮，谢谢你告诉我这些。 1. Don't be late for　2. Be polite; treat3. Put up; if　4. lend you my pen　5. Can we; of course 6. have to answer　7. have to turn them off　8. Thanks for Section B 1．There are ________________________ in my life!我的生活中有太多规则！ 2．I have to________________school because I________________________________school.我不得不匆忙去学校，因为我上学不能迟到。 3．When I'm in school, I ________________________________ in class ________．当我在学校的时候，我也不能使用手机。 4．I________________________ basketball after I________________________．我只能在练完钢琴之后打篮球。 5．I________________________ with my friends ________________．工作日我不能和我的朋友们出去闲逛。 6．You can't use your phone in class because you need to ________________________．你在课堂上不能使用手机，因为你需要集中注意力学习。 7．You have to wear a uniform because it ________________________．你不得不穿校服，因为它构建了学校精神。 8．You can also________________the things you can do!你也可以考虑你能做的事情！ 9．I know it's hard, but rules can help to ________________________________．我知道这很难，但是规则有助于让世界变得更美好。 10．________________，________________！没有规则，就没有秩序！ 1. too many rules2. hurry to; can't be late for3. mustn't use my phone; either4. can only play; practise the piano5. can't hang out; on weekdays　6. focus on learning7. builds school spirit　8. think about9. make the world better　10. No rules; no order 五．易错点背默 Section A 考点1.No rules, No Order. 没规矩，没秩序。 此处rule为名词，译为“规则、规章、条例” Everyone should follow the traffic rules. 每个人都应该遵守交通规则。 rule还可以作动词，译为“统治、支配” I am going to rule this land. 我将统治这片土地。 常见搭配：follow/ keep the rule 遵守规则 The rules of the game 游戏规则 You must follow the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。 Do you know the rules of the game? 你知道游戏的规则吗？ 1.我们必须遵守规则。 We must _keep/follow the rules . 考点2.order的用法 order为名词，译为“秩序”，还可译为“顺序、命令、订单”等意。 The four seasons follow in order. 四个季节依次轮换。 The machine is in good working order. 机器运转良好。 order也可以作动词，译为“命令、订购、整理、建立秩序”等意。 Order him to act at once. 命令他立刻行动。 Let’s order food from a restaurant. 咱们从饭店订餐吧。 常见搭配：in order to do sth. = so that从句 “为了做某事” He gets up early in order to catch the early bus. = He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. 他早起为了赶上早班车。 ( A )1. Look at the ______, Amy. What do you want to eat? A.order B. make C. cook D. meal ( B ) 2. I went to bed early ______ wake up early. A.in order B. in order to C. so that D. such that 考点3.need的用法 need动词，译为“需要”。 常见搭配：need to do sth. 需要做某事（表主动） Need doing sth. 需要做某事（表被动） She needs to finish her work in one hour. 她需要一小时后完成工作。 The flowers need watering. 这些花需要浇水。 need亦可作情态动词，此时无人称和数的变化，后面需加动词原形。 She need finish her work in one hour. 她需要一小时后完成工作。 此外need还可以作名词同样译为“需要”。 常见搭配：in need 困难中的、有需要的、困难中的 Let’s help people in need. 让我们帮助困难中的人吧。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 ( C )1. Grandpa _____ to water the flowers now. It’s going to rain soon. A.isn’t needing B. needn’t C. doesn’t need D. needs ( C )2. Look! Your shirt is so dirty. It _______. A.need washing B. need to wash C. needs washing D. need wash ( C )3. There is plenty of time. You _____ be in such a hurry. A.must B. needn’t C. can D. mustn’t 考点4.arrive的用法 用法分析 arrive做不及物动词，后加介词at或in,arrive at后常接车站、学校、邮局、机场等较小的地方；arrive in后常接表示国家、城市等较大地点的名词。 火车什么时候到站？When does the train arrive at the station？ 他们明天到达纽约。They'll arrive in New York tomorrow. 小提示 arrive in/at后若接副词here/there/home等，at/in省略。 考点拓展 arrive late for表示“做某事迟到”，相当于 be late for。前者指到的时间晚，后者指状态。 Don't arrive late for the meeting next time. =Don't be late for the meeting next time.下次开会别迟到了。 It is raining hard.I am afraid that we can't get to the airport on time. （同义替换）___A___ A.arrive at B.get along with C.take part in D.go to 考点5.wear, put on, dress, in区别： put on强调穿衣服的动作 It’s cold outside, please put on your sweater. 外面天气冷，请穿上你的毛衣。 wear强调穿衣服的状态 The girl wears a sweater today. 这个女孩今天穿了一件毛衣。 dress 后面接人，表示给某人穿衣服 The boy is too young to dress himself. 这个小那还太小了不能自己穿衣服。 in 后面常常接颜色表示穿某颜色的衣服 The girl in red is my little sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我小妹妹。 ( B )1. The woman ____ white looks like a doctor. A.with B. in C. wears D. puts on ( C )2. The thin man ______ a black jacket. That’s cool. A.with B. in C. wears D. puts on 考点4.keep的用法 keep在此处为动词，译为“保持”，还可译为“保留；持续、饲养” 常见搭配：keep + 形容词 “保持...” Keep sb./sth. + 形容词 “使某人/某物保持某种状态” Keep doing sth. “一直做某事” Please keep the dictionary well. 请好好保存这本词典。 Please keep the room clean. 请保持房间干净。 My grandmother keeps some chicken in her yard. 我奶奶在庭院里养了一些鸡。 Mr. Wang keeps working day and night. 王先生没日没夜的工作。 ( B )1. Please keep _____ hard, you must get good grades. A.study B. studying C. to study D. to studying 考点5.tidy的用法 tidy形容词，译为“整洁的；井井有条的”，其反义词为untidy(不整洁的；乱的) tidy也可以作动词， 译为“整理；清洁” 常见搭配：tidy ... up 整理 He is a tidy man. 他是一个爱整洁的人。 Be sure to tidy it up before going out. 确保出去之前整理好它。（注意：宾语为代词时需放在中间） ( D )1. We should _____ the place before we move in. A.tidy in B. tidy out C. tidy away D. tidy up 考点6.polite 的用法 polite为形容词，译为“有礼貌的”，其反义词为impolite，译为“不礼貌的”。 常见搭配：be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌 She is a polite person. 她是一个有礼貌的人。 You should be polite to your elders. 你应该对长辈有礼貌。 It’s impolite to talk with your mouth full. 说话时嘴里还塞满食物是不礼貌的。 ( A )1. It is ______ to let the old man sit on your seat on the bus. A.polite B. impolite C. important D. necessary 考点7.if的用法 if为连词，译为“如果”，常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里。 if也可以译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句，时态随实际情况而定。 I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否下雨。 ( C )1. If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time. A.will go B. went C. go D. going ( A )2. I wonder if she ______ tomorrow. A.will come B. came C. come D. coming 考点8.put up的用法 put up one’s hand译为“举手”，其同义词为“raise one’s hand” put up还可译为“张贴、搭建” We put up the advertisement on the wall. 我们把广告张贴在墙上。 They put up a tent by the fire. 他们在火堆旁搭起帐篷。 Put常见搭配：put on 穿上 Put off 推迟 Put out 扑灭 She put on her coat before going out. 她出门前穿上了外套。 The meeting was put off because of the rain. 由于下雨，会议被推迟了。 These firefighters put out the big fire. 这些消防员扑灭了大火。 ( A )1. They will ______ a new house here. A.put up B. put on C. put off D. put out 考点9.own的用法 own形容词，译为“属于某人自己的”。 常见搭配：one’s own + 名词 某人自己的... On one’s own 独自地、靠自己 This is my own room. 这是我自己的房间。 She decided to learn to drive on her own. 她决定自学开车。 own也可以作动词，译为“拥有”。 He owned a new car. 他拥有一辆新车。 ( A )1. Knowledge has its ______ power. A.own B. won’s C. owner D. of own 2. 我亲自动手做的这个风筝。 I made this kite with __my__ __own__ hands. 考点10.have to和must区别 have to强调客观上的需要，表示由于客观因素而不得不做某事； must 强调主观上的义务或责任，表示说话者认为有必要或有义务去做某事。 I have to go now because I have an appointment. 我必须现在走，因为我有约。 You must study hard to pass the exam. 你必须努力学习才能通过考试。 ( B )1. We ______ clean the classroom after school. A.must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to ( A )2. The teacher said we ______ finish our homework on time. A.must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 考点11.动名词作主语 动名词作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。 Running is a good sport. 两个或两个以上动词-ing形式做主语时，则谓语动词用复数形式 Swimming and playing basketball are my favourite sports. ( C )1. _______ is one of the useful ways to protect our eyes. A.Do eye exercise B. To do eye exercise C. Doing eye exercise D. To doing eye exercise 考点12.“It is + 形容词 ( + for/ of sb. ) + to do sth. “(对某人来说)做某事是...”” 注意：当形容词为人品格的形容词时用of，其它形容词用for It’s kind of you to help me. 你帮我太善良了。 It’s important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语很重要。 ( A )1. It’s difficult _____ me ______ this math problem. A.for; to understand B. of; to understand C. for; understand D. of; understand ( B )2. It’s honest _____ you ______ your mistake. A.for; to admit B. of; to admit C. for; admit D. of; admit 考点13.find和look for 区别 find译为“发现、找到”，强调寻找的结果； look for译为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。 I looked for my book everywhere, but I can’t find it. 我到处找我的书但是我没有找到。 ( C )1. Mike is ______ his pen, but he can’t _____ it. A.finding; look for B. looking for; finding C. looking for; find D. find; looking for 考点14.lend与borrow区别 lend通常表示“借出”，后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”； borrow通常表示“借入”，后面跟介词from，表示“从某人那里借”。 常见搭配：borrow ... from sb. 从某人那借 She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me. 她借给我一本书。 I borrowed a book from the library. 我从图书馆借了一本书。 ( C )1. -- Could you please _____ me your notebook, Grace? -- Certainly. Here you are. A.borrow B. to borrow C. lend D. to lend 考点15.turn 的用法 turn ... off 关闭（常指关掉自来水、电灯及家用电器等） turn... on 打开（常指开灯或打开家用电器等） turn down 把声音调低、拒绝 turn up 把声音调高、出现 You must turn off the light when you go to bed. 你应当在你睡觉前关灯。 I want to watch TV, can I turn it on? 我想要看电视，我能开吗？ Don’t forget to turn down the volume when you leave the room. 当你离开房间时，别忘了调低音量。 He has turned down the letter. 他拒绝了信。 Don't worry, it will turn up. 别担心，它会出现的。 I can't hear the music clearly, please turn up the radio. 我听不清音乐，请把收音机声音调高。 ( D )1. The lights must be ______ before you leave the classroom. A.turned on B. turned up C. turned down D. turned off 考点16.wait的用法 wait为动词，译为“等待”。 常见搭配：wait for sb./sth. 等待某人/某物 Wait to do sth. 等待做某事 Can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 There is someone waiting for you at the gate. 有人在大门口等你。 I will wait to do my homework until after dinner. 我会等到晚饭后再做作业。 I can't wait to meet her. 我迫不及待地想见她。 turn 为动词，译为“转动”；“变成”；“转向”；也可作名词，译为“转动”；“轮流”。 常见搭配：It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 Take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 Take turns to choose a place. 轮流选择一个地方。 It’s my turn to clean the room. 轮到我打扫房间。 1. It’s my turn _to be_ (be) on duty. ( A )2. I’m not sure if he will come or not, but I’ll _____ for him. A.wait B. wait out C. wait on D. wait up 考点17.rise, arise与raise区别： rise (动词)“上升”表示由低到高的变化过程，强调主语自身移向较高位置。 arise (动词)“起身”主语发出的动作，作用到其它事物。 raise (动词)“举起” 表示把具体事物举到高处。 The sun rises. 太阳升起来了。 He arises to greet her. 他起身向她问候。 He raises his hand to answer questions. 他举手回答问题。 用rise或raise填空 1.The sun __rises__ in the east. 2.How did the quarrel (争吵) _arise__? 3.The boss promised to __raise__ her salary. 考点18.absent的用法 absent为形容词，译为“缺席的”，其名词形式为absence。 常见搭配：be absent from... 缺席... make oneself absent 故意缺席 He was absent from work yesterday. 他昨天没来上班。 He made himself absent from the meeting on purpose. 他故意缺席会议。 1.Li Ming has been _absent_ (absence) from class three times this week. ( D )2. Mr. Wang is absent _____ the important meeting today. A.with B. for C. on D. from 考点19.noise的用法 noise为不可数名词，译为“噪音”；其形容词形式为noisy，译为“吵闹的”。 常见搭配：make some noise 制造噪音 noise pollution 噪声污染 They was a strange noise in his ears. 他听到奇怪的杂音。 The engine is very noisy at high speed. 这个发动机在高速时噪音很大。 【易混辨析】 sound, voice与noise区别： sound指自然界中所有的声音 voice指人说话的声音或悦耳的鸟叫 noise指让人不舒服的噪音 sound of music 音乐之声 That sounds great. 听起来不错。 The girl’s voice is sweet. 这个女孩的声音很甜美。 Don’t make noise, please. 请不要制造噪音。 ( B )1. There is a lot of _____ next door. They must be having a party. A.sound B. noise C. voice D. noisy ( A )2. The girl has a sweet _____. She sings very well. A.voice B. noise C. sound D. sounds Section B 考点1.too many的用法 much too 太 关键词为too，修饰形容词/副词 This dish is much too salty. 这道菜太咸了。 too much 太多（的） 关键词为much，修饰不可数名词/动词 Today I have too much homework to do.今天我有太多的家庭作业要做。 Don’t speak too much at the meeting.会上别讲得太多。 too many 太多的 关键词为many，修饰复数名词 I have too many questions to ask. 我有太多的问题要问。 so many 如此多 关键词为many，修饰复数名词 There are so many cars in the street here.这儿的大街上有如此多的车。 so much 如此多 关键词为much，修饰不可数名词 There was so much food that we couldn’t eat it all.食物太多了，我们吃不完。 ( D )1. Today, _____ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world. A.much too B. too much C. many too D. too many ( A )2. Look! There’s ______ ice on the lake. A.too much B. much too C. too many D. many too ( B )3. The sweater is very beautiful, but it’s _____dear. A.too much B. much too C. too many D. many too 考点2.finish的用法 finish为动词，译为“完成、结束”。 常见搭配：finish doing sth. 结束做某事 I finished my homework last night. 我昨晚完成了我的作业。 I finally finished cleaning the house after five hours of hard work. 最终在五个小时的努力工作后 我打扫完房间。 ( B )1. They finish _______ the report before the deadline. A.write B. writing C. to write D. to writing 考点3.practise的用法 practise为动词，译为“锻炼、练习”，其名词形式为practice。 常见搭配：practise/ practice doing sth. 练习做某事 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 He needs to practise playing the guitar every day. 他需要每天练习弹吉他。 ( B )1. She must practise ________ English every morning. A.speak B. speaking C. to speak D. to speaking 考点4.hang out hang为动词，可译为“悬挂、处于某种状态中、绞刑”； The flag is hanging in the breeze. 旗帜中悬挂在微风中。 She hung around the office all day. 她整天都在办公室周围转悠。 They hanged the pirate. 他们把海盗吊死了。 常见搭配：hang out with sb. 和某人闲逛 I hung out with my friends last night. 我昨晚和朋友们一起出去玩了。 1.让我们周六去逛一逛吧。 Let's __hang__ __out__ this Saturday. 考点5.hard的用法 hard为形容词，译为“难的”；也可译为“坚固的、结实的”； It’s very hard to maintain a relationship. 维持一段关系是很困难的。 After the earthquake, the new building is still standing there. It is very hard.地震过后，那座新的大楼依然屹立不倒，它很坚固。 hard也可为副词，译为“努力地、猛烈地”。 Most importantly, you must work hard to catch up. 最为重要的是，你必须努力学习，迎头赶上。 It rained hard in the summer of 2021. 2021年夏天的那场雨下得很猛烈。 She worked __hard__ (hard) all the time, so she got good grades in the exam. 考点6.make的用法 make为动词，译为“使成为”，也可译为“制作” 常见搭配：make a cake 做蛋糕 make sb./sth + 形容词 使某人/某事处于某种状态 make sb. do sth. 使某人某事 The story makes me happy. 这个故事让我快乐。 The boss makes them work all the time. 这个老板让他们一直工作。 ( A )1. I like films that make me ______. I don’t like anything sad. A.laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. to laugh ( D )2. -- What makes him _____?-- His team has won the game. A.to happy B. to be happy C. being happy D. happy 考点7. advice 的用法 advice为不可数名词，译为“建议”，可以用much, a little等词修饰。 常见搭配：a piece of advice 一条建议 Some advice 一些建议 I need some advice about how to learn English. 我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。 advice的动词形式为advise，译为“建议”。 常见搭配：advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 She advised me to go there by bus. 她建议我坐公交车去那。 【知识拓展】 suggestion为可数名词，译为“建议”，可以用many, a few等词修饰。 Suggestion的动词形式为suggest，译为“建议”。 常见搭配：suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 注意：suggest后接that从句，从句中谓语动词用原形。 I suggest that you ask for advice. 我建议你咨询建议。 ( A )1. The woman asked the doctor for some ______. A.advice B. advices C. suggestion D. advise ( B )2. Can you give me _____ on how to solve the problem? A.some advice B. any advice C. some suggestion D. any suggestion ( B )3. Mr. Wu ______ David _____ a new tape recorder yesterday. A.advised; bought B. advised; to buy C. suggested; to buy D. suggested; to buying 考点8.Get along well 和睦相处 短语“Get along well/ badly with sb.”译为“和某人相处得好/坏”，就well/badly提问时，用how开头。 -- How do you get along with your classmates? 你和你的同学相处的怎么样？ -- I get along well with them. 我和他们相处的很好。 考点9.fight的用法 fight为动词，译为“打架”；fight也可作名词，译为“打架”。 常见搭配：fight with sb. 和某人打架 fight against 与...作斗争“ fight for ... 为...而战 They will fight with you . 他们会和你一起战斗。 We must fight against the enemy. 我们必须与敌人作战。 They fight for their rights. 他们为他们的权利而战。 1.你不应该和其他人打架。 You shouldn’t __fight__ __with__ the others. 考点10.weekdays的用法 用法分析weekday 指工作日（from Monday to Friday）。而on/at weekends意为“在周末（Saturday and Sunday）”， 在春天，我们经常周末放风筝。In spring, we often fly kites on weekends. 注意 在某天或某天某段时间用“on 在上周一早上on the morning of last Monday 在一个寒冷的冬天的早上on a cold winter morning Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races ___B___ 9:00 a.m. ______ the morning of June 18. A. at；in B. at；on C. on；in D. on；on 考点11.raise的用法 用法分析 raise做及物动词，意为“募集；征集”，其过去式和过去分词均为raised。常用短语：raise money for…意为“为……筹款”。 They want to raise money for homeless people.他们想为无家可归的人筹钱。 考点拓展 raise的其他含义： （1）举起；提升。 Raise your hand to get permission to speak.举手争取发言权。 （2）培养；抚养。 The poor parents raised her as an engineer.贫穷的父母把她培养成一位工程师。 —How did your class raise money for the poor old man in hospital？ —We organized a book fair on the playground and sold some books and CDs.（同义替换） A. collect B. put up C. spend 考点12. in time的用法 用法分析 on time意为“准时；按时”，指正好在规定的时间内。 You must always return your library books on time.你必须总是按时归还从图书馆借的书籍。 The train arrived into the station on time.火车准时进站了。 考点拓展 in time意为“及时”，指按照预定的时间行事，尚有充裕的时间可做些别的事情。 谢谢你及时来这儿帮助我。Thanks for coming here to help me in time. 这个婴儿病得很重。幸好医生及时赶到。他得救了。The baby was badly ill. Luckily the doctor came in time. He was saved. When you’re invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should be ___A___ or a little later. It’s different from our Chinese custom. A. on time B. on business C. on show 考点13.thanks for...的用法 用法分析 thanks for...表示“因……而感谢”，相当于thank you for...for后接名词/代词/动名词形式。 谢谢你的帮助。Thanks for your help. 谢谢你邀请我。Thanks for inviting me. 考点拓展 易混短语：thanks to“多亏了……；由于……的帮助”。 Thanks to your help, I finish the work on time.多亏了你的帮助，我才能按时完成工作。 -Thanks for __B___ me a ride to catch the train on time. -With pleasure. A. gave B. giving C. to give D. gave 考点14.think about的用法 用法分析think about是固定短语，意为“思考，考虑”，其主要用法如下： （1）think about后接名词。 我正在考虑这个计划。I'm thinking about the plan. （2）think about后接代词。 给我五分钟来考虑这件事。Give me five minutes to think about it. （3）think about后接动词-ing形式。 我正在考虑去野营。I'm thinking about going camping. 考点辨析 think about，think of think about 意为“考虑”，表示通过思考而得出某种结论，强调过程。 think of 意为“想起”，强调思考的结果。 我现在无法告诉你。我得考虑一下。I can't tell you now. I'll have to think about it. 我记不起他的名字了。I can't think of his name. —What's thirty-seven and fifty-nine, Bill？ —Oh,let me___B___ it for a minute. It's ninety-six，right？ A.look at B.think about C.play with D.ask for 六．语法点记忆 一.祈使句 一、基本用法 祈使句用来表示命令、请求、劝告、建议、禁止等，以动词原形开头，否定祈使句以“Don't+动词原形”开头。它的主语是听话人（you），一般不需要说出来，祈使句末尾用感叹号或句号，句子用降调。 Open the door,please.请把门打开。 Don't forget to take your medicine,Alice.爱丽丝，不要忘记吃药。 祈使句的种类： 1.do型。即省略主语you，用动词原形开头，开头或结尾可以用 please。 Listen to me carefully,please.请仔细听我讲。 2.be型。以系动词be开头，其句型为：Be动词+表语（名词、形容词）+其他。 Be quiet,boys and girls！大家安静！ 3.Let型。Let后面可以跟代词第一、二和第三人称的宾格做宾语，即 Let sb. do sth.。 Let's go and ask our teacher.咱们去问问老师吧。 4.省略型。祈使句可采用省略形式，即根据上下文省略动词或动词词组。 This way,please.请这边走。（句首省略come） 二、特殊用法 （一）祈使句否定形式 1.肯定形式是do型和be型的句子，其否定形式在句首加Don't，句首有 please或人名的，在 please或人名后加don't。 Don't do it like that！不要那样做！ Mary,don't be late for class again.玛丽，上课不要再迟到了。（容易错用 doesn't） 2.Let型句子。其否定形式为“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他.”。 Let them not go out for a walk.It is raining.让他们别出去散步了。下雨了。 3.警示型。常由“No+名词或动词的-ing形式”构成，表示“禁止”或“规劝”人们不许做某事。 No photos.不许拍照。 No parking！禁止停车！ No parking here.此处不准停车。 （二）祈使句的回答 1.由于祈使句所表达的动作是还未发生的，因此对它的应答通常要用“一般将来时”。 —Please turn off the light when you go out.当你出去的时候请关上灯。 —OK,I will.好的，我会的。 Don't be late any more.不要再迟到了。 Sorry,I won't.对不起，我不会再迟到了。 2.以let开头的句式的肯定回答多用“Good idea.”，否定用“ Sorry,...” —Let's chat on the Internet.我们上网聊天吧。 —Good idea.好主意。 三、难点突破 祈使句与复合句的转换 if引导的条件状语从句可以转换成“祈使句+and/or+简单句”结构。 If you don't hurry, you'll not catch the early bus. =Hurry up,or you'll not catch the early bus.如果你不快点，就赶不上早班公交车了。 If you work harder, you'll catch up with your classmates. =Work harder,and you'll catch up with your classmates.如果你再努力些，你就会赶上你的同学。 一．用所给词的适当形式填空 1.—Tom, don't （not）draw on the wall. —Sorry,I won't do it again. 2.Mary, let's___go___（go） home now. 3.—May I take some pictures here？ —Sorry,you mustn't.Please look at the sign.It says“No,___photos___（photo）”. 4.Boys and girls,___be___（be）quiet！Class begins！ 5.Let him___not___（not）open the door.It's too cold. Ⅱ.单项填空 6.Tom,___C___ the umbrella with you.Look at the clouds；it's going to rain！ A.taking B.takes C.take 7.—Don't be late for class next time,Jiang Tao. —___C___. A.OK.I will B.I know C.Sorry,I won't D.It doesn't matter 8.—___B___,or you won't do well in your lessons. —OK.I will. A.Don't work hard B.Work hard C.Hard work 9.David,___B___ make trouble at school. A cant B. don't C. doesn't 10.___A___throwing those stones, please. A.Stop B.Stops C.Stopping D.Stopped 11.Boys and girls,___A___ learning and ave fun. A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept 12.—Mom, can I go dancing this evening？ —___A___your homework first,and then we'll talk about. A.Finish B.Finishing C.To finish D.Finished 13.—Don't eat junk food. It's bad for you. —___A___. A.Sorry,I won't B.Sure.I will C.Take it easy D.Never mind 14.—___A___run in the hallways,Mike. —Sorry,Ms.Clark. A.Don't B.Please C.No 15.—___B___dressed now！We have to go in ten minutes. —OK.Mom. A.Getting B.Get C.To get D.Gets 二．情态动词 1.Can (1) 表能力： He can speak English. “他会说英语。” (2) 表许可： You can play for an hour. “你可以玩一个小时。” (3) 表请求： Can you help me? “你能帮我吗？” 2.May (1) 表许可，比can更委婉： May I have a look? “我可以看一看吗？” (2) 表可能性，意为“也许”： I may be late. “我也许迟到了。” 3.Must 说话人主观意愿，其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止；不准” You must finish work in two hours. “两个小时后你必须完成工作。” 注意：用must开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用needn’t -- Must I finish my homework now? “我必须现在完成我的工作吗？”-- No, you needn’t. “不，你不需要。” 4.Have to 强调客观的需要，其否定形式don’t have to表示“不必” 表示“不得不；必须” 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Don’t eat (not eat) in class. 2. We must be (be) careful when we cross the street. 3. It’s important for us to learn (learn) English carefully. 4. No swimming (swim) in the river. 5. Listen (listen) to the teacher carefully. 2、 单项选择 ( B )1. Jim, ______ fight with your elder brother. A. doesn’t B. don’t C. not D. no ( D )2. The park is far away. We ______ take the subway to the park. A. must B. can C. has to D. have to ( D )3. -- Don’t make noise in the library. -- ______ A. Yes, I can B. No, I can’t C. Yes, I know D. Sorry, I won’t ( D )4. -- Must you do the dishes now? -- No, I _____. But I want to do it now. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. don’t D. needn’t ( B )5. Don’t go out _____ school night. A. at B. on C. in D. by 七．写作背默 假如你是百事通博士，请你针对李平的困惑给他写一封回信，从生活、学习和饮食三个方面对家规进行合理分析，并给他提一些建议。 要求：1.语言流畅，逻辑通顺，书写工整； 2.90词左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Li Ping, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Dr Know 【写作提示】 1.主题：家规 2.人称：以第二人称为主 3.时态：一般现在时 4.要点：从生活、学习、饮食三个方面分析家规的合理性，给出建议 5.写作思路：开篇表示理解和安慰，接着从生活、学习、饮食三方面分析家规的合理性，最后总结观点并给出建议。 【范文赏读】 Dear Li Ping, There are many rules in our lives. It’s common to have these feelings. But family rules can guide you and help you grow. Getting up early to exercise is a great way to start the day and stay fit. After all, early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. It is important to finish your homework first. Then you’ll have more time to relax. Junk food is bad for your health. You’d better not eat it. Remember：No rules ,no order! Try to have an open conversation with your parents and tell them how you feel so that they can understand you better. Best wishes, Dr Know $$【同步100分背默】Unit2 No Rules,No Order 知识清单 一．重点词汇背默 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Section A 1．________/ruːl/ n．规则；规章 2.________/'ɔːdə(r)/n.秩序；命令v.点菜；命令 3．________/'fɒləʊ/v.遵循，跟随 4.________/ə'raɪv/v.到达 5．________/'hɔːlweɪ/n.走廊 6.________/'juːnɪfɔːm/n.校服，制服 7．________/'lɪtə(r)/v.乱扔 n．垃圾 8.________/pə'laɪt/adj.有礼貌的 9．________/triːt/v.对待，招待，治疗 n．款待 10.________/rɪ'spekt/n.& v．尊敬 11．________/ɪf/conj.如果 12.________/'dʒækɪt/n.夹克衫，短上衣 13．________/'evriθɪ/pron.每件事，一切 14.________/lend/v.借给，借出 15．________/swiːt/n.糖果 adj.甜的 16.________/snæk/n.点心，小吃 17．________/'məʊbaɪl/adj.可移动的 18.________/kjuː/n.队 19．________/liːv/v.离开； 留下 20.________/'æbsənt/adj.缺席的，不在的 21．________/'kwaɪətli/adv.轻声地；安静地 22.________/belt/n.安全带，腰带，皮带 23．________/fiːd/v.喂养，饲养 24.________/nɔɪz/n.声音，噪声 Section B 1．________/ʌn'hæpi/ adj.不快乐的 2．________/'aɪðə(r)；'iːðə(r)/ adv.也(用于否定词组后) 3．________/'præktɪs/ v．训练；练习 4.________ /hæ/ v．悬挂 5．________/'wiːkdeɪ/ n．工作日 6.________/'ɔːfl/ adj.糟糕的；讨厌的 7．________/bɪ'kʌm/ v．变成，成为 8.________/'betə(r)/ adj.较好的adv.较好地 9．________/'pɜːsn/ n．人 10.________/'fəʊkəs/ v．集中(注意力、精力等)；聚焦 11．________/bɪld/v.创建；建造 12.________ /'spɪrɪt/ n．精神；情绪 13．________ /rɪ'læks/ v．放松；休息 14.________/əd'vaɪs/ n．建议；意见 15．________ /ˌʌndə'stænd/v.理解；领会 16.________/ʌn'taɪdi/ adj.不整洁的 二．词汇拓展背默 Section A 1． polite →__________(adj.反义词) →__________(adv.礼貌地)→__________(adv.不礼貌地) 2．absent→____________(名词) 3．quiet→____________(副词) 4．noise→____________(形容词) Section B 1．happy →____________(adv.)→____________(adj.不高兴的) →____________(adv.不高兴地) 2．tidy→____________(adj.反义词) 3．good→____________(adj.比较级，较好的) →____________(adj.最高级，最好的) 4．build→____________(n.建筑物) 5.help→____________(adj.) 三．重点短语背默 Section A 1.________________迟到 2.________________准时 3．________________不得不 4.________________当然 5．________________手机 6.________________关掉(水、电或煤气) 7．________________插队 8.________________等待 9．________________ 缺席，不在 10.________________以……方式对待 11．________________举起；张贴 12.________________对……有利 13．________________从……到…… 14.________________玩得开心 15．________________把某物借给某人 16.________________看一看…… 17．________________戴上；穿上 18.________________制造噪音；发出声响 Section B 1.________________整理床铺；铺床 2.________________闲逛 3．________________集中(注意力、精力等)于 4.________________思考；考虑 5．________________急忙…… 6.________________对……表示尊重 7．________________在周末 8.________________遛狗 9．________________与……相处得好 10.________________照顾 11．________________与……打架 12.________________对……友好 13．________________根据 四．重点句子背默 Section A 1．________________________________ school.上学不要迟到。 2．________________ and ________ everyone with respect.有礼貌，尊重每个人。 3．________________ your hand________ you want to ask your teacher a question.如果你想问老师问题，请举手。 4．I can________________________________．我可以把我的笔借给你。 5．—________________drink water ？　— Yes，________________．——我们可以喝水吗？——当然可以。 6．I'm sorry, I________________________ my phone.抱歉，我不得不接电话。 7．We________________________________________ and keep them in our lockers.我们不得不把它们关机，并把它们保存在我们的有锁储物柜里。 8．________________ telling me, Anne.安妮，谢谢你告诉我这些。 Section B 1．There are ________________________ in my life!我的生活中有太多规则！ 2．I have to________________school because I________________________________school.我不得不匆忙去学校，因为我上学不能迟到。 3．When I'm in school, I ________________________________ in class ________．当我在学校的时候，我也不能使用手机。 4．I________________________ basketball after I________________________．我只能在练完钢琴之后打篮球。 5．I________________________ with my friends ________________．工作日我不能和我的朋友们出去闲逛。 6．You can't use your phone in class because you need to ________________________．你在课堂上不能使用手机，因为你需要集中注意力学习。 7．You have to wear a uniform because it ________________________．你不得不穿校服，因为它构建了学校精神。 8．You can also________________the things you can do!你也可以考虑你能做的事情！ 9．I know it's hard, but rules can help to ________________________________．我知道这很难，但是规则有助于让世界变得更美好。 10．________________，________________！没有规则，就没有秩序！ 五．易错点背默 Section A 考点1.No rules, No Order. 没规矩，没秩序。 此处rule为名词，译为“规则、规章、条例” Everyone should follow the traffic rules. 每个人都应该遵守交通规则。 rule还可以作动词，译为“统治、支配” I am going to rule this land. 我将统治这片土地。 常见搭配：follow/ keep the rule 遵守规则 The rules of the game 游戏规则 You must follow the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。 Do you know the rules of the game? 你知道游戏的规则吗？ 1.我们必须遵守规则。 We must . 考点2.order的用法 order为名词，译为“秩序”，还可译为“顺序、命令、订单”等意。 The four seasons follow in order. 四个季节依次轮换。 The machine is in good working order. 机器运转良好。 order也可以作动词，译为“命令、订购、整理、建立秩序”等意。 Order him to act at once. 命令他立刻行动。 Let’s order food from a restaurant. 咱们从饭店订餐吧。 常见搭配：in order to do sth. = so that从句 “为了做某事” He gets up early in order to catch the early bus. = He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. 他早起为了赶上早班车。 ( )1. Look at the ______, Amy. What do you want to eat? A.order B. make C. cook D. meal ( ) 2. I went to bed early ______ wake up early. A.in order B. in order to C. so that D. such that 考点3.need的用法 need动词，译为“需要”。 常见搭配：need to do sth. 需要做某事（表主动） Need doing sth. 需要做某事（表被动） She needs to finish her work in one hour. 她需要一小时后完成工作。 The flowers need watering. 这些花需要浇水。 need亦可作情态动词，此时无人称和数的变化，后面需加动词原形。 She need finish her work in one hour. 她需要一小时后完成工作。 此外need还可以作名词同样译为“需要”。 常见搭配：in need 困难中的、有需要的、困难中的 Let’s help people in need. 让我们帮助困难中的人吧。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 ( )1. Grandpa _____ to water the flowers now. It’s going to rain soon. A.isn’t needing B. needn’t C. doesn’t need D. needs ( )2. Look! Your shirt is so dirty. It _______. A.need washing B. need to wash C. needs washing D. need wash ( )3. There is plenty of time. You _____ be in such a hurry. A.must B. needn’t C. can D. mustn’t 考点4.arrive的用法 用法分析 arrive做不及物动词，后加介词at或in,arrive at后常接车站、学校、邮局、机场等较小的地方；arrive in后常接表示国家、城市等较大地点的名词。 火车什么时候到站？When does the train arrive at the station？ 他们明天到达纽约。They'll arrive in New York tomorrow. 小提示 arrive in/at后若接副词here/there/home等，at/in省略。 考点拓展 arrive late for表示“做某事迟到”，相当于 be late for。前者指到的时间晚，后者指状态。 Don't arrive late for the meeting next time. =Don't be late for the meeting next time.下次开会别迟到了。 It is raining hard.I am afraid that we can't get to the airport on time. （同义替换） A.arrive at B.get along with C.take part in D.go to 考点5.wear, put on, dress, in区别： put on强调穿衣服的动作 It’s cold outside, please put on your sweater. 外面天气冷，请穿上你的毛衣。 wear强调穿衣服的状态 The girl wears a sweater today. 这个女孩今天穿了一件毛衣。 dress 后面接人，表示给某人穿衣服 The boy is too young to dress himself. 这个小那还太小了不能自己穿衣服。 in 后面常常接颜色表示穿某颜色的衣服 The girl in red is my little sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我小妹妹。 ( )1. The woman ____ white looks like a doctor. A.with B. in C. wears D. puts on ( )2. The thin man ______ a black jacket. That’s cool. A.with B. in C. wears D. puts on 考点4.keep的用法 keep在此处为动词，译为“保持”，还可译为“保留；持续、饲养” 常见搭配：keep + 形容词 “保持...” Keep sb./sth. + 形容词 “使某人/某物保持某种状态” Keep doing sth. “一直做某事” Please keep the dictionary well. 请好好保存这本词典。 Please keep the room clean. 请保持房间干净。 My grandmother keeps some chicken in her yard. 我奶奶在庭院里养了一些鸡。 Mr. Wang keeps working day and night. 王先生没日没夜的工作。 ( )1. Please keep _____ hard, you must get good grades. A.study B. studying C. to study D. to studying 考点5.tidy的用法 tidy形容词，译为“整洁的；井井有条的”，其反义词为untidy(不整洁的；乱的) tidy也可以作动词， 译为“整理；清洁” 常见搭配：tidy ... up 整理 He is a tidy man. 他是一个爱整洁的人。 Be sure to tidy it up before going out. 确保出去之前整理好它。（注意：宾语为代词时需放在中间） ( )1. We should _____ the place before we move in. A.tidy in B. tidy out C. tidy away D. tidy up 考点6.polite 的用法 polite为形容词，译为“有礼貌的”，其反义词为impolite，译为“不礼貌的”。 常见搭配：be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌 She is a polite person. 她是一个有礼貌的人。 You should be polite to your elders. 你应该对长辈有礼貌。 It’s impolite to talk with your mouth full. 说话时嘴里还塞满食物是不礼貌的。 ( )1. It is ______ to let the old man sit on your seat on the bus. A.polite B. impolite C. important D. necessary 考点7.if的用法 if为连词，译为“如果”，常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里。 if也可以译为“是否”，用来引导宾语从句，时态随实际情况而定。 I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否下雨。 ( )1. If you _____ to the party, you’ll have a great time. A.will go B. went C. go D. going ( )2. I wonder if she ______ tomorrow. A.will come B. came C. come D. coming 考点8.put up的用法 put up one’s hand译为“举手”，其同义词为“raise one’s hand” put up还可译为“张贴、搭建” We put up the advertisement on the wall. 我们把广告张贴在墙上。 They put up a tent by the fire. 他们在火堆旁搭起帐篷。 Put常见搭配：put on 穿上 Put off 推迟 Put out 扑灭 She put on her coat before going out. 她出门前穿上了外套。 The meeting was put off because of the rain. 由于下雨，会议被推迟了。 These firefighters put out the big fire. 这些消防员扑灭了大火。 ( )1. They will ______ a new house here. A.put up B. put on C. put off D. put out 考点9.own的用法 own形容词，译为“属于某人自己的”。 常见搭配：one’s own + 名词 某人自己的... On one’s own 独自地、靠自己 This is my own room. 这是我自己的房间。 She decided to learn to drive on her own. 她决定自学开车。 own也可以作动词，译为“拥有”。 He owned a new car. 他拥有一辆新车。 ( )1. Knowledge has its ______ power. A.own B. won’s C. owner D. of own 2. 我亲自动手做的这个风筝。 I made this kite with hands. 考点10.have to和must区别 have to强调客观上的需要，表示由于客观因素而不得不做某事； must 强调主观上的义务或责任，表示说话者认为有必要或有义务去做某事。 I have to go now because I have an appointment. 我必须现在走，因为我有约。 You must study hard to pass the exam. 你必须努力学习才能通过考试。 ( )1. We ______ clean the classroom after school. A.must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to ( )2. The teacher said we ______ finish our homework on time. A.must B. have to C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 考点11.动名词作主语 动名词作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。 Running is a good sport. 两个或两个以上动词-ing形式做主语时，则谓语动词用复数形式 Swimming and playing basketball are my favourite sports. ( )1. _______ is one of the useful ways to protect our eyes. A.Do eye exercise B. To do eye exercise C. Doing eye exercise D. To doing eye exercise 考点12.“It is + 形容词 ( + for/ of sb. ) + to do sth. “(对某人来说)做某事是...”” 注意：当形容词为人品格的形容词时用of，其它形容词用for It’s kind of you to help me. 你帮我太善良了。 It’s important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语很重要。 ( )1. It’s difficult _____ me ______ this math problem. A.for; to understand B. of; to understand C. for; understand D. of; understand ( )2. It’s honest _____ you ______ your mistake. A.for; to admit B. of; to admit C. for; admit D. of; admit 考点13.find和look for 区别 find译为“发现、找到”，强调寻找的结果； look for译为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。 I looked for my book everywhere, but I can’t find it. 我到处找我的书但是我没有找到。 ( )1. Mike is ______ his pen, but he can’t _____ it. A.finding; look for B. looking for; finding C. looking for; find D. find; looking for 考点14.lend与borrow区别 lend通常表示“借出”，后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”； borrow通常表示“借入”，后面跟介词from，表示“从某人那里借”。 常见搭配：borrow ... from sb. 从某人那借 She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me. 她借给我一本书。 I borrowed a book from the library. 我从图书馆借了一本书。 ( )1. -- Could you please _____ me your notebook, Grace? -- Certainly. Here you are. A.borrow B. to borrow C. lend D. to lend 考点15.turn 的用法 turn ... off 关闭（常指关掉自来水、电灯及家用电器等） turn... on 打开（常指开灯或打开家用电器等） turn down 把声音调低、拒绝 turn up 把声音调高、出现 You must turn off the light when you go to bed. 你应当在你睡觉前关灯。 I want to watch TV, can I turn it on? 我想要看电视，我能开吗？ Don’t forget to turn down the volume when you leave the room. 当你离开房间时，别忘了调低音量。 He has turned down the letter. 他拒绝了信。 Don't worry, it will turn up. 别担心，它会出现的。 I can't hear the music clearly, please turn up the radio. 我听不清音乐，请把收音机声音调高。 ( )1. The lights must be ______ before you leave the classroom. A.turned on B. turned up C. turned down D. turned off 考点16.wait的用法 wait为动词，译为“等待”。 常见搭配：wait for sb./sth. 等待某人/某物 Wait to do sth. 等待做某事 Can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事 There is someone waiting for you at the gate. 有人在大门口等你。 I will wait to do my homework until after dinner. 我会等到晚饭后再做作业。 I can't wait to meet her. 我迫不及待地想见她。 turn 为动词，译为“转动”；“变成”；“转向”；也可作名词，译为“转动”；“轮流”。 常见搭配：It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 Take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 Take turns to choose a place. 轮流选择一个地方。 It’s my turn to clean the room. 轮到我打扫房间。 1. It’s my turn (be) on duty. ( )2. I’m not sure if he will come or not, but I’ll _____ for him. A.wait B. wait out C. wait on D. wait up 考点17.rise, arise与raise区别： rise (动词)“上升”表示由低到高的变化过程，强调主语自身移向较高位置。 arise (动词)“起身”主语发出的动作，作用到其它事物。 raise (动词)“举起” 表示把具体事物举到高处。 The sun rises. 太阳升起来了。 He arises to greet her. 他起身向她问候。 He raises his hand to answer questions. 他举手回答问题。 用rise或raise填空 1.The sun in the east. 2.How did the quarrel (争吵) ? 3.The boss promised to her salary. 考点18.absent的用法 absent为形容词，译为“缺席的”，其名词形式为absence。 常见搭配：be absent from... 缺席... make oneself absent 故意缺席 He was absent from work yesterday. 他昨天没来上班。 He made himself absent from the meeting on purpose. 他故意缺席会议。 1.Li Ming has been (absence) from class three times this week. ( )2. Mr. Wang is absent _____ the important meeting today. A.with B. for C. on D. from 考点19.noise的用法 noise为不可数名词，译为“噪音”；其形容词形式为noisy，译为“吵闹的”。 常见搭配：make some noise 制造噪音 noise pollution 噪声污染 They was a strange noise in his ears. 他听到奇怪的杂音。 The engine is very noisy at high speed. 这个发动机在高速时噪音很大。 【易混辨析】 sound, voice与noise区别： sound指自然界中所有的声音 voice指人说话的声音或悦耳的鸟叫 noise指让人不舒服的噪音 sound of music 音乐之声 That sounds great. 听起来不错。 The girl’s voice is sweet. 这个女孩的声音很甜美。 Don’t make noise, please. 请不要制造噪音。 ( )1. There is a lot of _____ next door. They must be having a party. A.sound B. noise C. voice D. noisy ( )2. The girl has a sweet _____. She sings very well. A.voice B. noise C. sound D. sounds Section B 考点1.too many的用法 much too 太 关键词为too，修饰形容词/副词 This dish is much too salty. 这道菜太咸了。 too much 太多（的） 关键词为much，修饰不可数名词/动词 Today I have too much homework to do.今天我有太多的家庭作业要做。 Don’t speak too much at the meeting.会上别讲得太多。 too many 太多的 关键词为many，修饰复数名词 I have too many questions to ask. 我有太多的问题要问。 so many 如此多 关键词为many，修饰复数名词 There are so many cars in the street here.这儿的大街上有如此多的车。 so much 如此多 关键词为much，修饰不可数名词 There was so much food that we couldn’t eat it all.食物太多了，我们吃不完。 ( )1. Today, _____ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world. A.much too B. too much C. many too D. too many ( )2. Look! There’s ______ ice on the lake. A.too much B. much too C. too many D. many too ( )3. The sweater is very beautiful, but it’s _____dear. A.too much B. much too C. too many D. many too 考点2.finish的用法 finish为动词，译为“完成、结束”。 常见搭配：finish doing sth. 结束做某事 I finished my homework last night. 我昨晚完成了我的作业。 I finally finished cleaning the house after five hours of hard work. 最终在五个小时的努力工作后 我打扫完房间。 ( )1. They finish _______ the report before the deadline. A.write B. writing C. to write D. to writing 考点3.practise的用法 practise为动词，译为“锻炼、练习”，其名词形式为practice。 常见搭配：practise/ practice doing sth. 练习做某事 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 He needs to practise playing the guitar every day. 他需要每天练习弹吉他。 ( )1. She must practise ________ English every morning. A.speak B. speaking C. to speak D. to speaking 考点4.hang out hang为动词，可译为“悬挂、处于某种状态中、绞刑”； The flag is hanging in the breeze. 旗帜中悬挂在微风中。 She hung around the office all day. 她整天都在办公室周围转悠。 They hanged the pirate. 他们把海盗吊死了。 常见搭配：hang out with sb. 和某人闲逛 I hung out with my friends last night. 我昨晚和朋友们一起出去玩了。 1.让我们周六去逛一逛吧。 Let's this Saturday. 考点5.hard的用法 hard为形容词，译为“难的”；也可译为“坚固的、结实的”； It’s very hard to maintain a relationship. 维持一段关系是很困难的。 After the earthquake, the new building is still standing there. It is very hard.地震过后，那座新的大楼依然屹立不倒，它很坚固。 hard也可为副词，译为“努力地、猛烈地”。 Most importantly, you must work hard to catch up. 最为重要的是，你必须努力学习，迎头赶上。 It rained hard in the summer of 2021. 2021年夏天的那场雨下得很猛烈。 She worked (hard) all the time, so she got good grades in the exam. 考点6.make的用法 make为动词，译为“使成为”，也可译为“制作” 常见搭配：make a cake 做蛋糕 make sb./sth + 形容词 使某人/某事处于某种状态 make sb. do sth. 使某人某事 The story makes me happy. 这个故事让我快乐。 The boss makes them work all the time. 这个老板让他们一直工作。 ( )1. I like films that make me ______. I don’t like anything sad. A.laugh B. to laugh C. laughing D. to laugh ( )2. -- What makes him _____?-- His team has won the game. A.to happy B. to be happy C. being happy D. happy 考点7. advice 的用法 advice为不可数名词，译为“建议”，可以用much, a little等词修饰。 常见搭配：a piece of advice 一条建议 Some advice 一些建议 I need some advice about how to learn English. 我需要一些关于如何学英语的建议。 advice的动词形式为advise，译为“建议”。 常见搭配：advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 She advised me to go there by bus. 她建议我坐公交车去那。 【知识拓展】 suggestion为可数名词，译为“建议”，可以用many, a few等词修饰。 Suggestion的动词形式为suggest，译为“建议”。 常见搭配：suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 注意：suggest后接that从句，从句中谓语动词用原形。 I suggest that you ask for advice. 我建议你咨询建议。 ( )1. The woman asked the doctor for some ______. A.advice B. advices C. suggestion D. advise ( )2. Can you give me _____ on how to solve the problem? A.some advice B. any advice C. some suggestion D. any suggestion ( )3. Mr. Wu ______ David _____ a new tape recorder yesterday. A.advised; bought B. advised; to buy C. suggested; to buy D. suggested; to buying 考点8.Get along well 和睦相处 短语“Get along well/ badly with sb.”译为“和某人相处得好/坏”，就well/badly提问时，用how开头。 -- How do you get along with your classmates? 你和你的同学相处的怎么样？ -- I get along well with them. 我和他们相处的很好。 考点9.fight的用法 fight为动词，译为“打架”；fight也可作名词，译为“打架”。 常见搭配：fight with sb. 和某人打架 fight against 与...作斗争“ fight for ... 为...而战 They will fight with you . 他们会和你一起战斗。 We must fight against the enemy. 我们必须与敌人作战。 They fight for their rights. 他们为他们的权利而战。 1.你不应该和其他人打架。 You shouldn’t the others. 考点10.weekdays的用法 用法分析weekday 指工作日（from Monday to Friday）。而on/at weekends意为“在周末（Saturday and Sunday）”， 在春天，我们经常周末放风筝。In spring, we often fly kites on weekends. 注意 在某天或某天某段时间用“on 在上周一早上on the morning of last Monday 在一个寒冷的冬天的早上on a cold winter morning Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races 9:00 a.m. ______ the morning of June 18. A. at；in B. at；on C. on；in D. on；on 考点11.raise的用法 用法分析 raise做及物动词，意为“募集；征集”，其过去式和过去分词均为raised。常用短语：raise money for…意为“为……筹款”。 They want to raise money for homeless people.他们想为无家可归的人筹钱。 考点拓展 raise的其他含义： （1）举起；提升。 Raise your hand to get permission to speak.举手争取发言权。 （2）培养；抚养。 The poor parents raised her as an engineer.贫穷的父母把她培养成一位工程师。 —How did your class raise money for the poor old man in hospital？ —We organized a book fair on the playground and sold some books and CDs.（同义替换） A. collect B. put up C. spend 考点12. in time的用法 用法分析 on time意为“准时；按时”，指正好在规定的时间内。 You must always return your library books on time.你必须总是按时归还从图书馆借的书籍。 The train arrived into the station on time.火车准时进站了。 考点拓展 in time意为“及时”，指按照预定的时间行事，尚有充裕的时间可做些别的事情。 谢谢你及时来这儿帮助我。Thanks for coming here to help me in time. 这个婴儿病得很重。幸好医生及时赶到。他得救了。The baby was badly ill. Luckily the doctor came in time. He was saved. When you’re invited to have dinner at home by an American friend, you should be or a little later. It’s different from our Chinese custom. A. on time B. on business C. on show 考点13.thanks for...的用法 用法分析 thanks for...表示“因……而感谢”，相当于thank you for...for后接名词/代词/动名词形式。 谢谢你的帮助。Thanks for your help. 谢谢你邀请我。Thanks for inviting me. 考点拓展 易混短语：thanks to“多亏了……；由于……的帮助”。 Thanks to your help, I finish the work on time.多亏了你的帮助，我才能按时完成工作。 -Thanks for __B___ me a ride to catch the train on time. -With pleasure. A. gave B. giving C. to give D. gave 考点14.think about的用法 用法分析think about是固定短语，意为“思考，考虑”，其主要用法如下： （1）think about后接名词。 我正在考虑这个计划。I'm thinking about the plan. （2）think about后接代词。 给我五分钟来考虑这件事。Give me five minutes to think about it. （3）think about后接动词-ing形式。 我正在考虑去野营。I'm thinking about going camping. 考点辨析 think about，think of think about 意为“考虑”，表示通过思考而得出某种结论，强调过程。 think of 意为“想起”，强调思考的结果。 我现在无法告诉你。我得考虑一下。I can't tell you now. I'll have to think about it. 我记不起他的名字了。I can't think of his name. —What's thirty-seven and fifty-nine, Bill？ —Oh,let me it for a minute. It's ninety-six，right？ A.look at B.think about C.play with D.ask for 六．语法点记忆 一.祈使句 一、基本用法 祈使句用来表示命令、请求、劝告、建议、禁止等，以动词原形开头，否定祈使句以“Don't+动词原形”开头。它的主语是听话人（you），一般不需要说出来，祈使句末尾用感叹号或句号，句子用降调。 Open the door,please.请把门打开。 Don't forget to take your medicine,Alice.爱丽丝，不要忘记吃药。 祈使句的种类： 1.do型。即省略主语you，用动词原形开头，开头或结尾可以用 please。 Listen to me carefully,please.请仔细听我讲。 2.be型。以系动词be开头，其句型为：Be动词+表语（名词、形容词）+其他。 Be quiet,boys and girls！大家安静！ 3.Let型。Let后面可以跟代词第一、二和第三人称的宾格做宾语，即 Let sb. do sth.。 Let's go and ask our teacher.咱们去问问老师吧。 4.省略型。祈使句可采用省略形式，即根据上下文省略动词或动词词组。 This way,please.请这边走。（句首省略come） 二、特殊用法 （一）祈使句否定形式 1.肯定形式是do型和be型的句子，其否定形式在句首加Don't，句首有 please或人名的，在 please或人名后加don't。 Don't do it like that！不要那样做！ Mary,don't be late for class again.玛丽，上课不要再迟到了。（容易错用 doesn't） 2.Let型句子。其否定形式为“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他.”。 Let them not go out for a walk.It is raining.让他们别出去散步了。下雨了。 3.警示型。常由“No+名词或动词的-ing形式”构成，表示“禁止”或“规劝”人们不许做某事。 No photos.不许拍照。 No parking！禁止停车！ No parking here.此处不准停车。 （二）祈使句的回答 1.由于祈使句所表达的动作是还未发生的，因此对它的应答通常要用“一般将来时”。 —Please turn off the light when you go out.当你出去的时候请关上灯。 —OK,I will.好的，我会的。 Don't be late any more.不要再迟到了。 Sorry,I won't.对不起，我不会再迟到了。 2.以let开头的句式的肯定回答多用“Good idea.”，否定用“ Sorry,...” —Let's chat on the Internet.我们上网聊天吧。 —Good idea.好主意。 三、难点突破 祈使句与复合句的转换 if引导的条件状语从句可以转换成“祈使句+and/or+简单句”结构。 If you don't hurry, you'll not catch the early bus. =Hurry up,or you'll not catch the early bus.如果你不快点，就赶不上早班公交车了。 If you work harder, you'll catch up with your classmates. =Work harder,and you'll catch up with your classmates.如果你再努力些，你就会赶上你的同学。 一．用所给词的适当形式填空 1.—Tom, （not）draw on the wall. —Sorry,I won't do it again. 2.Mary, let's （go） home now. 3.—May I take some pictures here？ —Sorry,you mustn't.Please look at the sign.It says“No, （photo）”. 4.Boys and girls, （be）quiet！Class begins！ 5.Let him （not）open the door.It's too cold. Ⅱ.单项填空 6.Tom, the umbrella with you.Look at the clouds；it's going to rain！ A.taking B.takes C.take 7.—Don't be late for class next time,Jiang Tao. — . A.OK.I will B.I know C.Sorry,I won't D.It doesn't matter 8.— ,or you won't do well in your lessons. —OK.I will. A.Don't work hard B.Work hard C.Hard work 9.David, make trouble at school. A cant B. don't C. doesn't 10.___A___throwing those stones, please. A.Stop B.Stops C.Stopping D.Stopped 11.Boys and girls, learning and ave fun. A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept 12.—Mom, can I go dancing this evening？ — your homework first,and then we'll talk about. A.Finish B.Finishing C.To finish D.Finished 13.—Don't eat junk food. It's bad for you. — . A.Sorry,I won't B.Sure.I will C.Take it easy D.Never mind 14.— run in the hallways,Mike. —Sorry,Ms.Clark. A.Don't B.Please C.No 15.— dressed now！We have to go in ten minutes. —OK.Mom. A.Getting B.Get C.To get D.Gets 二．情态动词 1.Can (1) 表能力： He can speak English. “他会说英语。” (2) 表许可： You can play for an hour. “你可以玩一个小时。” (3) 表请求： Can you help me? “你能帮我吗？” 2.May (1) 表许可，比can更委婉： May I have a look? “我可以看一看吗？” (2) 表可能性，意为“也许”： I may be late. “我也许迟到了。” 3.Must 说话人主观意愿，其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止；不准” You must finish work in two hours. “两个小时后你必须完成工作。” 注意：用must开头的一般疑问句，其否定回答用needn’t -- Must I finish my homework now? “我必须现在完成我的工作吗？”-- No, you needn’t. “不，你不需要。” 4.Have to 强调客观的需要，其否定形式don’t have to表示“不必” 表示“不得不；必须” 1、 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (not eat) in class. 2. We must (be) careful when we cross the street. 3. It’s important for us (learn) English carefully. 4. No (swim) in the river. 5. (listen) to the teacher carefully. 2、 单项选择 ( )1. Jim, ______ fight with your elder brother. A. doesn’t B. don’t C. not D. no ( )2. The park is far away. We ______ take the subway to the park. A. must B. can C. has to D. have to ( )3. -- Don’t make noise in the library. -- ______ A. Yes, I can B. No, I can’t C. Yes, I know D. Sorry, I won’t ( )4. -- Must you do the dishes now? -- No, I _____. But I want to do it now. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. don’t D. needn’t ( )5. Don’t go out _____ school night. A. at B. on C. in D. by 七．写作背默 假如你是百事通博士，请你针对李平的困惑给他写一封回信，从生活、学习和饮食三个方面对家规进行合理分析，并给他提一些建议。 要求：1.语言流畅，逻辑通顺，书写工整； 2.90词左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Li Ping, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Dr Know $$