命题点5 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2025广西中考英语（译林版）·一轮复习·精讲册优质课件PPT（讲册）（新题型版）

英语 1 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题一 动词 命题点5 动词的语态 2 （单项选择：2020.40；选词填空： 2024.82,2023.78） 考点精讲 1.主动语态变被动语态的方法 口诀：宾变主, 主变宾, 谓语动词用被动。 3 注意 常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 主动语态中有些感官动词（如hear, see, watch, notice等）和使役动词 （如make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语, 变为被动语态时, 要 把不定式符号to加上。如： hear/see sb. do sth.→sb. be heard/seen to do sth. make sb. do sth. → sb. be made to do sth. 4 2.被动语态的结构 时态 被动语态的结构 例句 一般现 在时 am/is/are+done My homework is always finished on time. 我 的作业总是按时完成。 一般过 去时 was/were+done The breakfast was cooked by Linda. 早饭是琳 达做的。 一般将 来时 will/shall/be going to +be+done Jim's room will be cleaned tonight. 吉姆的房 间今晚将被打扫。 5 时态 被动语态的结构 例句 含情态 动词 情态动词 +be+done The flower should（not） be watered every day. 这个花（不）应该被每天浇水。 3.使用被动语态的情况 （1）不知道动作的执行者是谁。如： This watch was made in China. 这块手表是中国制造的。 （2）没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如： Smoking isn't allowed here. 这里不允许吸烟。 （3）需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如： Chinese is now spoken all around the world. 现在世界各地都在说汉语。 7 （4）出于礼貌而不说出动作的执行者。如： My glass was broken this morning. 我的玻璃杯今天早上被摔碎了。 （5）动作的发出者不是人。如： Many houses were washed away by the flood. 很多房屋被洪水冲走了。 8 4.主动结构表被动意义的情况 （1）open, lock, write, read, sell, wash, clean, watch, cut, burn, drive 等 作不及物动词时, 它们的主语为物, 可用主动结构表被动意义。如： This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种笔很好写。 （2）look, sound, taste, smell 等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。如： The fish tastes delicious. 鱼肉尝起来很美味。 （3）be worth doing “值得做”, 用主动结构表被动意义。如： This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 9 （4）“need/require+doing”相当于“need/require+to be done”, to be done是 不定式的被动结构。如： Your car needs washing.=Your car needs to be washed. 你的车需要洗一 下。 （5）be +adj. +to do结构中, 当不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时, 不定 式的主动形式表示被动意义。如： This food isn't easy to keep fresh. 这种食物不易保鲜。 10 注意 不能使用被动语态的情况 1.不及物动词（短语）没有被动语态, 常见的有 happen, take place, belong to等； 2.表示状态的动词没有被动语态, 常见的有 have, own, fail, cost, fit, last （持续）等; 3.反身代词在句中作宾语时, 不能用被动语态; 4.当及物动词 leave, enter, reach 等的宾语是表示地点和处所名词时, 不能 用被动语态。 11 考点精练 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.If you can't cook yourself, the videos about cooking can tell you how food is ______（make）. 2.Ann gave me a new pen and it _______（write） very smoothly. 3.A speech on robots will be ______（give） in the school hall next Friday afternoon. 4.It was three o'clock when I was _______（wake） up by a strange sound this morning. made writes given woken 12 5.Anyone who devotes himself to protecting our motherland is ___________（consider） as a hero. 6.Sam believes that all problems can be _______（solve）, no matter how difficult they are. 7.We were _____（tell）the sports meeting might be put off. 8.The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers are ________（plant） every year. considered solved told planted 13 9.Tea is very popular in the world. It is __________（produce） in many different areas in China now. 10.This T-shirt is ______（make） of silk and it feels very smooth. 11.The artists are _____________（encourage） to tell good Chinese stories in their favorite art forms. 12.We'll have a school play on the Open Day. All the parents are _________（invite） to watch it. produced made encouraged invited 14 13.Paper, one of the four greatest inventions in ancient China, was __________（invent） by Cai Lun about 2,000 years ago. 14.All customers are ________（ask） to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket. 15.These old buildings are going to be _____（put）down because they are too dangerous. invented1 asked1 put 15 二、选词填空基础练 sell divide solve steal need 1.[2024白银改编]No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can be _______ in the end. 2.Doctors are greatly ________ in every part of the world, so I want to be a doctor. 3.The students in our class were ________ into eight interest groups this term. solved needed divided 16 4.My bike was _______ last night, so I had to walk to school this morning. 5.This kind of computer _____ well. They were sold out in a month. stolen sells 二、选词填空 use solve try expect collect call A project has been started by a team of scientists at Greenwich University since 2016 in London. They are 1._______ to find ways to make food on Mars（火星） in the future. The project is 2._______ Feeding Mars. It tries to use water, fish and fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars. trying called 18 Farming on Mars, however, will be very hard. There's plenty of water that could be 3._________ from ice just below the surface, but the land on Mars is missing the nutrients（养分） that living things need. The team says that the problem will be 4._______ by growing plants and fish together. Fish waste can then be 5.______ to provide nutrients for plants. “It is 6._________ that you can grow lots of food, such as vegetables, salads, teas and medicinal plants on Mars, ” said Dr. Benz Kotzen, who leads the project. “You can even harvest（捕获） fish for food then.” collected solved used expected $$