精品解析：甘肃省白银市靖远县第四中学2024-2025学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题

2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语模拟测试 本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man like about the city? A. The weather. B. The food. C. The people. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How much should the man pay at least to have his badminton racket restrung? A. $10. B. $15. C. $20. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Move house. B. Buy a new car. C. Have breakfast at home. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A restaurant. B. Travel. C. Architecture. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What hairstyle does the woman want? A. Long straight hair. B. Short wavy hair. C. Short straight hair. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Which is the woman’s best-loved sport? A. Tennis. B. Diving. C. Table tennis. 7. Why does the woman like recorded shows better? A. They offer flexibility in watching. B. They bring greater excitement. C. They offer a sense of participation. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What should Lily do at the shelter? A. Train the animals. B. Fundraise for the shelter. C. Feed animals and do some cleaning. 9. What does Lily find most rewarding about her volunteer work? A. Meeting new people. B. Animals’ finding homes. C. Learning about animal care. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How does the man feel about the house redecoration? A. Stressed. B. Excited. C. Worried. 11. What will be a great addition to the kitchen? A. The appliances. B. The kitchen island. C. The new cabinets. 12. Which color would the man like to paint the living room? A. White. B. Blue. C. Light gray. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What is Mike restoring? A. A boat. B. A car. C. A bicycle. 14. What made Mike start the move? A. His major. B. His friends’ suggestion. C. The work with his father. 15. What part is Mike currently working on? A. The engine. B. The bodywork. C. The sound system. 16. What is the most challenging part for Mike? A. Taking the car to shows. B. Obtaining authentic parts. C. Determining if a part is old. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17 Which classes are available on Fridays? A. Yoga and Tai Chi. B. Tai Chi and jazz dancing. C. Yoga and Indian dancing. 18. What are offered in the changing rooms? A. Towels. B. Shower shoes. C. Hanging shower bags. 19. What can you get if you join the centre for a year? A. One class a week. B. Two classes a week. C. Three classes a week. 20. How long is the centre open on Wednesdays? A. 8 hours. B. 10 hours. C. 13 hours. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Faculty Teaching Workshop Announcement There is an upcoming faculty teaching workshop opportunity this summer, Monday, August 5. The workshop, which will be a half-day event, is co-sponsored by Academic Affairs and the Center for Collaborative Learning. It will focus on employing effective and creative tools in the classroom, with a particular emphasis on collaborative learning. Dr Brad Garner, PhD, the Director of Faculty Enrichment at Indiana Wesleyan University, will be serving as our facilitator. I had the pleasure of attending Dr Garner’s session at a National Conference on the First Year Experience this semester, which was entitled Teachapalooza: A Festival of Bedazzling Strategies, Tools and Tactics. It was both inspiring and practical, perfect for relatively new faculty, as well as for more experienced faculty, in learning about a variety of the most effective teaching strategies that can be employed in the classroom. All faculty are invited to attend the workshop, particularly applicable given our cross-campus focus on collaborative learning. Dr Garner’s brief bio is included below. Brad Garner Brad Garner serves as Director of Faculty Enrichment in the Center for Learning and Innovation at Indiana Wesleyan University’s National & Global Campus. Garner has been actively involved for several years in directing and teaching the first-year seminar on his campus. Currently, he leads faculty enrichment efforts across the entire university. One of his greatest passions is helping faculty learn new and creative ways to teach and engage students. 21. What is the main purpose of the workshop mentioned in the text? A. To recruit new faculty. B. To enhance teaching strategies. C. To discuss administrative duties. D. To review student performance. 22. Who is the facilitator of the upcoming workshop? A. A representative from Academic Affairs. B. A professor from the Center for Collaborative Learning. C. The Head of National Conference on the First Year Experience. D. The Director of Faculty Enrichment at Indiana Wesleyan University. 23. What experience does Dr Garner have that is relevant to leading this workshop? A. Directing faculty enrichment efforts. B. Managing university finances. C. Writing academic textbooks. D. Developing online courses. B Kurt Wenner, a former NASA illustrator (绘图员) turned professional artist, specializes in chalk-drawn three-dimensional illusions that seem carved into the pavement rather than drawn on it. Born and raised in Santa Barbara, California, Kurt Wenner attended both the Rhode Island School of Design and ArtCenter in Pasadena and was quickly recruited to work for NASA while studying at the school. There, he was among the few highly skilled artists whose work was done merely by hand. Eventually, Kurt left the agency and moved to Europe to study some of the world’s greatest works of art. Disappointed to find no class on the principles of classicism, the young artist came up with his own self-learning program which involved spending countless hours drawing from the magnificent art collection of the Vatican Museums and the Pantheon. Every morning, Kurt would draw some of the world’s most famous works of art and sell them to tourists in order to support himself. It was during this period that he discovered the world of pavement illusions. One day, on his way to the Vatican to see the paintings that had become his inspiration, Kurt passed by artists creating images with chalk on the pavement. After being invited to try his hand at it, he spent only a few months developing a new art form known as 3D pavement art. Inspired by a wide range of subjects, Kurt Wenner creates sophisticated pavement artworks that, admired from just the right angle, have an impressive depth that makes them look sculpted into the pavement. The American artist is generally regarded as the inventor of 3D pavement art and his works have fascinated audiences in over 30 countries around the world. “In photographs of my 3D images, the art can appear as ‘real’ as the audience. Although I employ many visual tools to create illusion, the classical language of form is the most vital. Classicism is vastly superior to other forms of realism for the creation of illusion as it is based on human perception. Every stroke has the purpose of communicating form and space to the viewers. My perspective technique enables me to bring classicism into the present by creating a visual and geometrical link between a work of art and its contemporary surroundings,” said Kurt Wenner. 24. What made Kurt Wenner create his own self-learning program? A His major in college. B. His work experience in NASA. C. The visit to the Vatican Museums. D. The lack of classes on the principles of classicism. 25. How did Kurt Wenner make a living in Europe at first? A. By teaching art classes. B. By selling his artworks. C. By working in a local museum. D. By creating pavement illusions. 26. What is special about Kurt Wenner’s 3D pavement artworks? A. They primarily show American culture. B. They are created based on famous artworks. C. They bring a “real” visual space to viewers. D. They combine digital and ancient elements. 27. What can be the best title for the text? A. The development of classicism in modern art B. Kurt Wenner: A NASA illustrator C. The origin and growth of 3D pavement art D. Kurt Wenner: Pioneer of 3D pavement illusions C New research reveals that nature has created a way to produce oxygen without the involvement of plants. Previously, scientists had understood oxygen to be the product of life itself, created by photosynthesizing autotrophs (光能自养生物) such as plants and algae. But the new study overturns that simplistic narrative. In fact, the discovery was so astonishing that, when lead author Andrew Sweetman first measured this “dark oxygen” in the Pacific Ocean’s Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in 2013, he dismissed it outright. Sweetman was part of a research team aiming to measure how much oxygen was being consumed by organisms at the bottom of the ocean. What he saw in the sea water from the deep was a rise in oxygen levels, instead of the predicted decrease. Initially, he thought his sensors were defective and sent them back to their manufacturer for adjustment — four to five times. In 2021, using a different technique, Sweetman’s team once again measured dramatic increases in dissolved oxygen in the same spot. He finally had good grounds to take the numbers seriously — and the motivation to hunt for the oxygen’s real source. The scientists ruled out the possibility that microbes were behind the act: In lab tests simulating the seafloor, the researchers killed off any organisms in the water. Yet the oxygen levels still rose. That region of the CCZ was dotted with rock-like lumps known as polymetallic nodules (多金属结核), which form when metals such as manganese and cobalt precipitate (沉淀) out of the water and gather around shell pieces or shark teeth. Scientists zeroed in on these metals as the source of the oxygen, but they still weren’t sure how they created the gas. A breakthrough came when Sweetman heard a character calling the nodules “a battery in a rock”. Then he realized oxygen could be generated through electrolysis (电解) — a process that can generate hydrogen and oxygen gases as the electricity splits water molecules. Voltage (电压) measurements on the nodules’ surface confirmed it. The naturally occurring rock-batteries force scientists to broaden the theories of life’s evolutionary route. “I think we therefore need to revisit questions like: Where could life needing oxygen have begun?” said the team. 28. What’s Sweetman’s initial reaction to the “dark oxygen”? A. He shared it online. B. He ignored it. C. He reported it to the team. D. He studied it immediately. 29. What does the underlined word “defective” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Faulty. B. Outdated. C. Sharp. D. Overloaded. 30. What role do polymetallic nodules play during electrolysis? A. An element for photosynthesis. B. The primary source of carbon dioxide. C. The energy to drive the chemical reaction. D. The material used to absorb oxygen in water. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. The decrease of oxygen levels in the ocean. B. A new source on the seabed — polymetallic nodules. C. A newly-found species in the Pacific Ocean’s CCZ. D. The generation of “dark oxygen” on the ocean floor. D It will come as no surprise that, on a whole, we’re eating too much sugar. Now, scientists have found that when our sweet tooth is satisfied, that longing is dialed down and in its place comes a sudden desire for fatty foods, which can affect metabolic functions and weight. Researchers at Umea University in Sweden have identified a hormonal mechanism triggered by overconsumption of sugar, resulting in cravings for food high in fat. In a study on fruit flies, sugar consumption swiftly signaled to the endocrine (内分泌) system that it should put the call out for some fat to avoid what it perceives as malnutrition. “Too much sugar reduces sweet cravings but amps up fat intake, and vice versa,” explained co-author Mattias Alenius, Professor in the Department of Molecular Biology. “This ensures flies get enough sugar and fat as nutrients.” In 2022, the team identified how even a slight increase in sugar intake induces the secretion of the Hedgehog (Hh) hormone. And while circulating Hh helped suppress sweet taste perception and preference, it greatly enhanced fatty acid receptors. In this study, the scientists found that too much fat induced the adipose tissue secretion of Upd2, the equivalent of leptin in humans, into the fly’s “bloodstream”, its hemolymph. This resulted in the suppression of fat taste perception, and in its place a rise in the craving of sugary foods. This mutual regulation suggests that overindulgence with either sugar or fat will signal to the required hormones that there’s a deficit of the other substance that needs urgent balancing. “It’s a tug of war between sugar and fat—not a restriction of total calories, as we would prefer,” said Alenius. “Presumably, humans have similar compensation mechanisms to flies, which means that we prefer to have as much fat as sugar. An American cheesecake is usually said to be the best way to drive our desire to eat.” The researchers intend to adapt the study to human subjects expecting a similar response to that of the fly’s hormonal triggers. “We humans perceive fat as a taste, and it remains to be seen if these research findings apply also to us,” Alenius added. “Food for thought in further research.” 32. What triggers the desire for fatty foods after consuming sugar? A. Increased appetite. B. Endocrine system. C. Physical activity. D. Environmental factors. 33. What is the overall effect of indulging in either sugar or fat? A. Weight loss B. Hormonal imbalance. C. Decrease in appetite. D Urgent need to balance the other substance. 34. What does Mattias Alenius believe is the relationship between sugar and fat intake? A. They facilitate each other. B. They are independent of each other. C. They are in constant competition. D. They are unrelated to each other. 35. What is a primary focus of the study mentioned in the text? A. Interplay between sugar and fat consumption. B. Role of vitamins in appetite regulation. C. Impact of diet on genetic expression. D. Effects of exercise on metabolism. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Each day, we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. ____36____ Since the early 1990s, psychologists have regarded intolerance for uncertainty (IU) as a character associated with different forms of anxiety and depression. IU doesn’t directly cause all of those conditions, but having a higher intolerance for uncertainty is a common experience that cuts across them. ____37____ It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. This can manifest in overplanning, repeated reassurance or information-seeking and avoiding anything new or unfamiliar. Some with high IU might make lists repeatedly or plan out conversations in their head. People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. ____38____ For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. ____39____ Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. ____40____ They can even accept and perhaps embrace uncertainty in day-to-day life. Life will always be full of unknowns. When facing the uncertain, people might feel discomfort, but there’s also a chance to try to feel curious and open. A. Analyze your need for certainty. B. Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. C. For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. D. High IU can also affect people’s physical health. E. People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. F. Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. G. Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 By the time Dom was 10 years old, he’d broken and repaired his bicycle many times. He thought it ____41____ to upgrade to something tougher, so he went to his mom with a big ____42____, “I wanted a really nice mountain bike.” His mom said no, but offered to help. Dom decided to earn money by ____43____ bikes. His mom created a page online — Dom Fixes Bikes — to spread about his ____44____. He was ____45____ able to purchase his dream bike. He also had enough money left over to ____46____ six other kids with brand-new bikes for Christmas. After that, “I just ____47____ to do it,” says Dom, now 15. At first, he worked outside the home. When more ____48____ was needed, he rented a one-car garage. There was no electricity, no air conditioning and no heating. However, Dom’s resolution wasn’t ____49____. Last year, he celebrated the grand opening of his first storefront. During the holiday season, he ______50______ 121 bikes, exceeding his goal of 100 a year. The process is ______51______: Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free. That’s how 5-year-old Ilarri, a newcomer, got a bike, shortly after his school made an ______52______. Dom also reached out to students with special needs and donated ______53______ bikes, bringing mobility and independence to their lives. “He is an excellent example of how young people are ambitious and ______54______ to the social issues of our time,” said Pennsylvania State representative Melissa Shusterman. “His generosity gave us hope for the future.” For Dom, the project remains pure. “My bike represents ______55______, taking me anywhere I want to go. I just want to share it with others.” 41. A. stood out B. worked out C. made sure D. made sense 42. A. replacement B. request C. presentation D. step 43. A. advertising B. renting C. repairing D. exchanging 44. A. services B. kindness C. procedures D. hardship 45. A. suddenly B. naturally C. apparently D. eventually 46. A. surprise B. attract C. employ D. challenge 47. A. failed B. continued C. attempted D. agreed 48. A. security B. donation C. inspection D. space 49. A. shaken B. perceived C. valued D. approved 50. A. took up B. put together C. gave away D. turned over 51. A. flexible B. scientific C. suitable D. simple 52. A. invitation B. application C. instruction D. arrangement 53. A. adaptive B. expensive C. stylish D. classic 54. A. accustomed B. opposed C. connected D. limited 55. A. achievements B. freedom C. charity D. contributions 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A significant leap forward in quantum computing technology has been achieved by researchers in China, as the Anhui Quantum Computing Engineering Research Center announced that a high-performance anti-interference ruthenium oxide thermometer (抗干扰氧化钌温度计) ____56____ (develop) by Chinese scientists, Science and Technology Daily reported on Sunday. The thermometer ____57____ (create) by QuantumCTek, which boasts a starting temperature close to 6 millikelvin (mK), not only set a new record within China but also marked a crucial step ____58____ places China’s ultra-low temperature measurement technology for superconducting quantum computing at the forefront of global advancements. Ruthenium oxide thermometers play ____59____ vital role in quantum computers. They function by precisely ____60____ (measure) the temperature of the working environment within quantum chips. As explained by technology expert LiXu from QuantumCTek, “absolute zero” (around minus 273.15 degrees Celsius), also known as 0 Kelvin, is often referred to as the “lowest temperature in the universe” and represents the theoretical limit for ____61____ (achieve) thermodynamic temperatures. Since quantum states are ____62____ (incredible) delicate, quantum chips require operation at conditions near “absolute zero”. Even the ____63____ (slight) temperature fluctuation can lead to the loss of quantum information. Utilizing ruthenium oxide thermometers for accurate monitoring of a quantum chip’s operating temperature is essential for guaranteeing the stable operation of quantum computers and enhancing the accuracy and ____64____ (reliable) of calculations performed by these powerful machines, said Li. Wang Zhehui, deputy director of the Anhui Quantum Information Engineering Technology Research Center, hailed the new thermometer _____65_____ a major step towards solidifying China’s self-sufficiency and control over the entire superconducting quantum computing industry chain. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是学校科学俱乐部负责人李华，请你给外籍科学教师Mr Johnson写封邮件，邀请他在即将举办的科学俱乐部的活动上做一次演讲。内容包括： （1）俱乐部介绍； （2）演讲的时间和主题。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Johnson, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One afternoon, Tom was going to see a movie that everyone had been talking about. The posters were everywhere. As he approached the cinema, he noticed a small boy sitting on the steps, looking longingly at the movie posters. The boy seemed to be lost in his thoughts, staring at the colorful images with a mix of hope and sadness. The boy’s clothes were a bit worn, and his shoes had seen better days. His shirt had patches, and his pants were a little too short, showing his ankles. It was clear that he had been through some hard times. Tom could see the desire in his eyes to be inside, watching the movie like everyone else. He knew he had to do something to make this boy’s day a little brighter. “Hey there.” Tom said, approaching the boy. “What’s your name?” he spoke softly, not wanting to startle him. The boy looked up, surprised that someone was talking to him. His eyes were wide, and for a moment, he seemed unsure of how to respond. “I’m Jack.” he replied shyly, his voice barely above a whisper. “Jack, do you like movies?” Tom asked with a smile. He wanted to make Jack feel comfortable and show him that he cared. Jack’s eyes lit up instantly. “I love the film! But I don’t have enough money for a ticket,” he said. He looked down at his worn-out shoes, his excitement fading as quickly as it had appeared. Tom thought for a moment. He had been saving his money for this movie, but he knew what he had to do. Sacrificing a bit of his savings seemed like a small price to pay to bring joy to someone else. “How about buying a ticket for you? We can watch the movie together,” he said. Jack’s face brightened with joy. “Really? You’d do that for me?” he asked, hardly able to believe his ears. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 They walked to the ticket office, and Tom bought two tickets. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the movie ended, they walked out of the cinema together. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语模拟测试 本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man like about the city? A. The weather. B. The food. C. The people. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Having lived in this city for almost three years, I still can’t stand the weather. M: I agree. The weather here is too changeable and the food doesn’t suit me well. But I think the people here are very friendly. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How much should the man pay at least to have his badminton racket restrung? A. $10. B. $15. C. $20. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hello. I want to get my badminton racket restrung. How much does it cost? W: It depends. The price of the strings ranges from $5 to $10 with an additional cost of $10 for the string job. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Move house. B. Buy a new car. C. Have breakfast at home. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: A penny for your thoughts. You look troubled. W: I was late for work again this morning. The manager was very angry with me. M: I think moving closer works better than your new car. You can even have time for a good breakfast. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A restaurant. B. Travel. C. Architecture. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: I’m dying to try this place. M: Me too! It smells so good! I’ve heard its food is fresh, healthy and tasty. W: I love the decoration style. It’s elegant and traditional. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What hairstyle does the woman want? A. Long straight hair. B. Short wavy hair. C. Short straight hair. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: What are we going to do today? The hairstyle as usual? W: Actually I want a change. I want to have a trendy look. I don’t want long wavy hair anymore. I want short straight hair. M: That would look great on you. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Which is the woman’s best-loved sport? A. Tennis. B. Diving. C. Table tennis. 7. Why does the woman like recorded shows better? A. They offer flexibility in watching. B. They bring greater excitement. C. They offer a sense of participation. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, what are you up to? M: Just watching a live stream. W: Oh, you are watching a tennis match. Tennis is my beloved sport, second only to diving. M: I thought you enjoyed ping-pong best. Anyway, watching live streaming matches is superb. It offers excitement and a feeling of being part of something happening now. W: I prefer recorded shows. I can watch them whenever I want and can also skip the part I don’t like. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What should Lily do at the shelter? A. Train the animals. B. Fundraise for the shelter. C. Feed animals and do some cleaning. 9. What does Lily find most rewarding about her volunteer work? A. Meeting new people. B. Animals’ finding homes. C. Learning about animal care. 【答案】8. C 9. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hey, Lily. I heard you started volunteering at the animal shelter. How is that? W: Hi, Alex. It’s really rewarding. I’ve always loved animals. M: What does your volunteer work involve? W: I help with feeding the animals and keeping their areas clean. Sometimes, I assist in the adoption process. M: That sounds like a lot of work. What inspired you to start? W: I wanted to make a difference for animals in need. M: Do you have a favorite part of volunteering? W: Definitely. When animals find their permanent homes, it’s such a happy moment. M: How do you balance this with your other responsibilities? W: I volunteer on weekends. It’s busy, but I manage my time to fit it in. M: It must be hard to say goodbye to the animals you’ve cared for. W: Yes, but knowing they’re going to loving homes makes it worth it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. How does the man feel about the house redecoration? A. Stressed. B. Excited. C. Worried. 11. What will be a great addition to the kitchen? A. The appliances. B. The kitchen island. C. The new cabinets. 12. Which color would the man like to paint the living room? A. White. B. Blue. C. Light gray. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hey, Chris. How’s your house renovation going? M: Hi, Julia. It’s a bit stressful. We’re focusing on the kitchen now. W: What changes are you making there? M: We’re installing new cabinets and upgrading the appliances. I’m also thinking of adding a kitchen island. W: That sounds fantastic. A kitchen island would be a great addition. What about the living room? M: We plan to repaint it and change the furniture. Maybe we’ll add some modern lighting. W: Have you picked a color yet? M: We’re leaning towards a light gray. It’s neutral and pairs well with most furniture. W: True. It’s exciting to see it all come together. M: Yeah. Once it’s done, we will have you over to visit it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What is Mike restoring? A A boat. B. A car. C. A bicycle. 14. What made Mike start the move? A. His major. B. His friends’ suggestion. C. The work with his father. 15. What part is Mike currently working on? A. The engine. B. The bodywork. C. The sound system. 16. What is the most challenging part for Mike? A. Taking the car to shows. B. Obtaining authentic parts. C. Determining if a part is old. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi Mike, I saw photos of the classic car you’re restoring. How’s that project? M: It’s a lot of work but really fulfilling. It’s a 1960s model. W: What got you into car restoration? M: My dad and I used to work on cars together. It’s a way to honor those memories. W: What stage of restoration are you at? M: I’m currently working on the engine and hope to start on the bodywork soon. W: Do you do all the work yourself? M: Mostly, but I get help from friends who are mechanics for the tricky parts. W: How do you find parts for a car that old? M: It’s a challenge. I visit auto shows, check online and consult other enthusiasts. W: What’s been the most challenging part so far? M: Definitely sourcing authentic parts and ensuring they work properly. W: What do you plan to do with the car once it’s restored? M: I’d love to take it to car shows and just enjoy driving it around. W: That sounds like a great way to enjoy your hard work. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. Which classes are available on Fridays? A. Yoga and Tai Chi. B. Tai Chi and jazz dancing. C. Yoga and Indian dancing. 18. What are offered in the changing rooms? A Towels. B. Shower shoes. C. Hanging shower bags. 19. What can you get if you join the centre for a year? A. One class a week. B. Two classes a week. C. Three classes a week. 20. How long is the centre open on Wednesdays? A. 8 hours. B. 10 hours. C. 13 hours. 【答案】17. C 18. C 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello everybody. Welcome to the Grange Park Sports Centre. Well, as you can see, this is quite a small centre but we offer a lot of different activities at different times of the day. If you’d just like to come through here, you can see the main rooms. Here we have classes of yoga every morning at different levels. Tai Chi classes are special that unfold solely on Wednesday afternoons. We also have different types of dance classes: jazz dancing on Tuesdays and Indian dancing on Fridays. Over there we have the changing rooms with showers. You do need to bring your own towel and shower shoes if you want a shower, but hanging shower bags are available. Right, the prices. You can join for three months, six months or a year. If you join for three or six months, you will have the right to go to one class a week, and for a year, two classes weekly. We are open from Tuesdays through Saturdays from 9 am to 10 pm, and Sundays from 9 am to 5 pm. Now, any questions? 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Faculty Teaching Workshop Announcement There is an upcoming faculty teaching workshop opportunity this summer, Monday, August 5. The workshop, which will be a half-day event, is co-sponsored by Academic Affairs and the Center for Collaborative Learning. It will focus on employing effective and creative tools in the classroom, with a particular emphasis on collaborative learning. Dr Brad Garner, PhD, the Director of Faculty Enrichment at Indiana Wesleyan University, will be serving as our facilitator. I had the pleasure of attending Dr Garner’s session at a National Conference on the First Year Experience this semester, which was entitled Teachapalooza: A Festival of Bedazzling Strategies, Tools and Tactics. It was both inspiring and practical, perfect for relatively new faculty, as well as for more experienced faculty, in learning about a variety of the most effective teaching strategies that can be employed in the classroom. All faculty are invited to attend the workshop, particularly applicable given our cross-campus focus on collaborative learning. Dr Garner’s brief bio is included below. Brad Garner Brad Garner serves as Director of Faculty Enrichment in the Center for Learning and Innovation at Indiana Wesleyan University’s National & Global Campus. Garner has been actively involved for several years in directing and teaching the first-year seminar on his campus. Currently, he leads faculty enrichment efforts across the entire university. One of his greatest passions is helping faculty learn new and creative ways to teach and engage students. 21. What is the main purpose of the workshop mentioned in the text? A. To recruit new faculty. B. To enhance teaching strategies. C. To discuss administrative duties. D. To review student performance. 22. Who is the facilitator of the upcoming workshop? A. A representative from Academic Affairs. B. A professor from the Center for Collaborative Learning. C. The Head of National Conference on the First Year Experience. D. The Director of Faculty Enrichment at Indiana Wesleyan University. 23. What experience does Dr Garner have that is relevant to leading this workshop? A. Directing faculty enrichment efforts. B. Managing university finances. C. Writing academic textbooks. D. Developing online courses. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍的是教师暑期研讨会的相关情况。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“It will focus on employing effective and creative tools in the classroom, with a particular emphasis on collaborative learning. (它将专注于在课堂中使用有效和创造性的工具，特别强调协作学习)”可知，该研讨会的主要目的是提升教学策略。故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Dr Brad Garner, PhD, the Director of Faculty Enrichment at Indiana Wesleyan University, will be serving as our facilitator. (印第安纳卫斯理大学师资发展部主任布拉德·加纳博士将担任我们的研讨会主持人)”可知，即将举行的研讨会的促进者是印第安纳卫斯理大学师资发展部主持人。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Currently, he leads faculty enrichment efforts across the entire university. One of his greatest passions is helping faculty learn new and creative ways to teach and engage students.(目前，他领导着整个大学的教师发展工作。他的最大热情之一是帮助教师学习新的、富有创意的教学方法以吸引学生)”可知，加纳博士有领导师资发展工作的经验，这使他适合主持此次研讨会。因此，选项A“Directing faculty enrichment efforts.(领导教师发展工作)”符合题意。故选A。 B Kurt Wenner, a former NASA illustrator (绘图员) turned professional artist, specializes in chalk-drawn three-dimensional illusions that seem carved into the pavement rather than drawn on it. Born and raised in Santa Barbara, California, Kurt Wenner attended both the Rhode Island School of Design and ArtCenter in Pasadena and was quickly recruited to work for NASA while studying at the school. There, he was among the few highly skilled artists whose work was done merely by hand. Eventually, Kurt left the agency and moved to Europe to study some of the world’s greatest works of art. Disappointed to find no class on the principles of classicism, the young artist came up with his own self-learning program which involved spending countless hours drawing from the magnificent art collection of the Vatican Museums and the Pantheon. Every morning, Kurt would draw some of the world’s most famous works of art and sell them to tourists in order to support himself. It was during this period that he discovered the world of pavement illusions. One day, on his way to the Vatican to see the paintings that had become his inspiration, Kurt passed by artists creating images with chalk on the pavement. After being invited to try his hand at it, he spent only a few months developing a new art form known as 3D pavement art. Inspired by a wide range of subjects, Kurt Wenner creates sophisticated pavement artworks that, admired from just the right angle, have an impressive depth that makes them look sculpted into the pavement. The American artist is generally regarded as the inventor of 3D pavement art and his works have fascinated audiences in over 30 countries around the world. “In photographs of my 3D images, the art can appear as ‘real’ as the audience. Although I employ many visual tools to create illusion, the classical language of form is the most vital. Classicism is vastly superior to other forms of realism for the creation of illusion as it is based on human perception. Every stroke has the purpose of communicating form and space to the viewers. My perspective technique enables me to bring classicism into the present by creating a visual and geometrical link between a work of art and its contemporary surroundings,” said Kurt Wenner. 24. What made Kurt Wenner create his own self-learning program? A. His major in college. B. His work experience in NASA. C. The visit to the Vatican Museums. D. The lack of classes on the principles of classicism. 25. How did Kurt Wenner make a living in Europe at first? A. By teaching art classes. B. By selling his artworks. C. By working in a local museum. D. By creating pavement illusions. 26. What is special about Kurt Wenner’s 3D pavement artworks? A. They primarily show American culture. B. They are created based on famous artworks. C. They bring a “real” visual space to viewers. D. They combine digital and ancient elements. 27 What can be the best title for the text? A. The development of classicism in modern art B. Kurt Wenner: A NASA illustrator C. The origin and growth of 3D pavement art D. Kurt Wenner: Pioneer of 3D pavement illusions 【答案】24 D 25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了前NASA绘图员库尔特·温纳转型为专业艺术家，擅长创作粉笔绘制的三维立体错觉画，这些画作看似雕刻于路面上而非绘制而成。他在欧洲自学成才，最终发明了3D路面艺术，其作品在世界30多个国家受到观众喜爱。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Disappointed to find no class on the principles of classicism, the young artist came up with his own self-learning program which involved spending countless hours drawing from the magnificent art collection of the Vatican Museums and the Pantheon.(由于没有找到关于古典主义原理的课程，这位年轻的艺术家感到失望，于是他制定了自己的自学计划，包括花无数小时从梵蒂冈博物馆和万神殿的宏伟艺术品收藏中绘画。)”可知，由于没有古典主义原理的课程，Kurt Wenner创造了自己的自学计划。故选D项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Every morning, Kurt would draw some of the world’s most famous works of art and sell them to tourists in order to support himself.(每天早上，Kurt都会画一些世界上最著名的艺术作品，然后卖给游客以维持生计。)”可知，Kurt Wenner每天早上临摹一些世界上最著名的艺术作品并卖给游客以维持生计。故选B项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Inspired by a wide range of subjects, Kurt Wenner creates sophisticated pavement artworks that, admired from just the right angle, have an impressive depth that makes them look sculpted into the pavement.(Kurt Wenner受到各种主题的启发，创作出复杂精致的路面艺术作品，从合适的角度欣赏，这些作品具有令人印象深刻的深度，看起来像是雕刻在路面上。)”和以及第五段中“‘In photographs of my 3D images, the art can appear as ‘real’ as the audience.’(“在我的3D画像中，艺术可以像观众一样‘真实’。”)”可知，Kurt Wenner创作的三维地面艺术作品的特殊之处在于它们给欣赏者呈现了一个近乎真实的视觉空间。故选C项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Kurt Wenner, a former NASA illustrator (绘图员) turned professional artist, specializes in chalk-drawn three-dimensional illusions that seem carved into the pavement rather than drawn on it.(Kurt Wenner曾是美国国家航空航天局的绘图员，后来成为职业艺术家，他专门从事粉笔绘制的三维错觉艺术，这种艺术看起来像是雕刻在路面上，而不是画上去的。)”和第四段最后一句“The American artist is generally regarded as the inventor of 3D pavement art and his works have fascinated audiences in over 30 countries around the world.(这位美国艺术家通常被认为是3D路面艺术的发明者，他的作品迷住了世界上30多个国家的观众。)”可知，本文主要介绍了Kurt Wenner是3D路面错觉艺术的先驱。D选项“Kurt Wenner: Pioneer of 3D pavement illusions(Kurt Wenner: 3D路面错觉的先驱)”符合题意。故选D项。 C New research reveals that nature has created a way to produce oxygen without the involvement of plants. Previously, scientists had understood oxygen to be the product of life itself, created by photosynthesizing autotrophs (光能自养生物) such as plants and algae. But the new study overturns that simplistic narrative. In fact, the discovery was so astonishing that, when lead author Andrew Sweetman first measured this “dark oxygen” in the Pacific Ocean’s Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in 2013, he dismissed it outright. Sweetman was part of a research team aiming to measure how much oxygen was being consumed by organisms at the bottom of the ocean. What he saw in the sea water from the deep was a rise in oxygen levels, instead of the predicted decrease. Initially, he thought his sensors were defective and sent them back to their manufacturer for adjustment — four to five times. In 2021, using a different technique, Sweetman’s team once again measured dramatic increases in dissolved oxygen in the same spot. He finally had good grounds to take the numbers seriously — and the motivation to hunt for the oxygen’s real source. The scientists ruled out the possibility that microbes were behind the act: In lab tests simulating the seafloor, the researchers killed off any organisms in the water. Yet the oxygen levels still rose. That region of the CCZ was dotted with rock-like lumps known as polymetallic nodules (多金属结核), which form when metals such as manganese and cobalt precipitate (沉淀) out of the water and gather around shell pieces or shark teeth. Scientists zeroed in on these metals as the source of the oxygen, but they still weren’t sure how they created the gas. A breakthrough came when Sweetman heard a character calling the nodules “a battery in a rock”. Then he realized oxygen could be generated through electrolysis (电解) — a process that can generate hydrogen and oxygen gases as the electricity splits water molecules. Voltage (电压) measurements on the nodules’ surface confirmed it. The naturally occurring rock-batteries force scientists to broaden the theories of life’s evolutionary route. “I think we therefore need to revisit questions like: Where could life needing oxygen have begun?” said the team. 28. What’s Sweetman’s initial reaction to the “dark oxygen”? A. He shared it online. B. He ignored it. C. He reported it to the team. D. He studied it immediately. 29. What does the underlined word “defective” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Faulty. B. Outdated. C. Sharp. D. Overloaded. 30. What role do polymetallic nodules play during electrolysis? A. An element for photosynthesis. B. The primary source of carbon dioxide. C. The energy to drive the chemical reaction. D. The material used to absorb oxygen in water. 31. What is the text mainly about? A. The decrease of oxygen levels in the ocean. B. A new source on the seabed — polymetallic nodules. C. A newly-found species in the Pacific Ocean’s CCZ. D. The generation of “dark oxygen” on the ocean floor. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家在海底发现了一种新的产生氧气的方式，即“暗氧”。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In fact, the discovery was so astonishing that, when lead author Andrew Sweetman first measured this ‘dark oxygen’ in the Pacific Ocean’s Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) in 2013, he dismissed it outright.(事实上，这一发现令人震惊，2013年，首席作者Andrew Sweetman首次在太平洋克拉里昂-克利珀顿区测量到这种‘暗氧’时，他当即否定了它。)”可知，Sweetman最初忽略了“暗氧”。故选B。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“What he saw in the sea water from the deep was a rise in oxygen levels, instead of the predicted decrease.(他在深海海水中观察到的是氧气含量的上升，而非预期的下降。)”和下文“sent them back to their manufacturer for adjustment — four to five times.(将其送回制造商处调整了四到五次)”可知，他认为自己的传感器有缺陷，才将其多次送回制造商进行调整，由此可知，defective意为“有缺陷的，出故障的”。故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“A breakthrough came when Sweetman heard a character calling the nodules “a battery in a rock”. Then he realized oxygen could be generated through electrolysis (电解) — a process that can generate hydrogen and oxygen gases as the electricity splits water molecules.(当斯威特曼听到一个角色把结核称为“岩石中的电池”时，他有了突破性的想法。然后他意识到，可以通过电解过程产生氧气——电解过程可以通过电流分解水分子来生成氢气和氧气。)”可知，多金属结核相当于一种“岩石中的电池”，它带的电可以分解海洋中的水分子，从而产生氢气和氧气。由此可知，多金属结核在水电解的过程中提供了能量，促使化学反应发生。故选C。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段主要讲述了科学家在太平洋克拉里昂-克利珀顿区发现了一种不需要植物参与就能产生氧气的新方式，即“暗氧”；第二段至第五段主要讲述了科学家Andrew Sweetman及其团队对“暗氧”来源的研究过程，最终发现“暗氧”来源于海底的多金属结核，多金属结核通过电解产生氧气；最后一段主要讲述了“暗氧”的发现对生命进化理论的影响。由此可知，文章主要讲的是海底“暗氧”的产生。故选D。 D It will come as no surprise that, on a whole, we’re eating too much sugar. Now, scientists have found that when our sweet tooth is satisfied, that longing is dialed down and in its place comes a sudden desire for fatty foods, which can affect metabolic functions and weight. Researchers at Umea University in Sweden have identified a hormonal mechanism triggered by overconsumption of sugar, resulting in cravings for food high in fat. In a study on fruit flies, sugar consumption swiftly signaled to the endocrine (内分泌) system that it should put the call out for some fat to avoid what it perceives as malnutrition. “Too much sugar reduces sweet cravings but amps up fat intake, and vice versa,” explained co-author Mattias Alenius, Professor in the Department of Molecular Biology. “This ensures flies get enough sugar and fat as nutrients.” In 2022, the team identified how even a slight increase in sugar intake induces the secretion of the Hedgehog (Hh) hormone. And while circulating Hh helped suppress sweet taste perception and preference, it greatly enhanced fatty acid receptors. In this study, the scientists found that too much fat induced the adipose tissue secretion of Upd2, the equivalent of leptin in humans, into the fly’s “bloodstream”, its hemolymph. This resulted in the suppression of fat taste perception, and in its place a rise in the craving of sugary foods. This mutual regulation suggests that overindulgence with either sugar or fat will signal to the required hormones that there’s a deficit of the other substance that needs urgent balancing. “It’s a tug of war between sugar and fat—not a restriction of total calories, as we would prefer,” said Alenius. “Presumably, humans have similar compensation mechanisms to flies, which means that we prefer to have as much fat as sugar. An American cheesecake is usually said to be the best way to drive our desire to eat.” The researchers intend to adapt the study to human subjects, expecting a similar response to that of the fly’s hormonal triggers. “We humans perceive fat as a taste, and it remains to be seen if these research findings apply also to us,” Alenius added. “Food for thought in further research.” 32. What triggers the desire for fatty foods after consuming sugar? A. Increased appetite. B. Endocrine system. C. Physical activity. D. Environmental factors. 33. What is the overall effect of indulging in either sugar or fat? A. Weight loss B. Hormonal imbalance. C. Decrease in appetite. D. Urgent need to balance the other substance. 34. What does Mattias Alenius believe is the relationship between sugar and fat intake? A. They facilitate each other. B. They are independent of each other. C. They are in constant competition. D. They are unrelated to each other. 35. What is a primary focus of the study mentioned in the text? A. Interplay between sugar and fat consumption. B. Role of vitamins in appetite regulation. C. Impact of diet on genetic expression. D. Effects of exercise on metabolism. 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是瑞典于默奥大学的研究发现，摄入过多糖分会激发对高脂食物的渴望。研究表明，糖分和脂肪之间存在相互调节机制，影响代谢功能与体重。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In a study on fruit flies, sugar consumption swiftly signaled to the endocrine (内分泌) system that it should put the call out for some fat to avoid what it perceives as malnutrition.(在一项关于果蝇的研究中，糖分的摄入迅速向内分泌系统发出信号，要求它寻求一些脂肪，以避免它认为的营养不良。)”可知，是内分泌系统引发了吃糖后对高脂肪食物的渴望。故选B项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“This mutual regulation suggests that overindulgence with either sugar or fat will signal to the required hormones that there’s a deficit of the other substance that needs urgent balancing. (这种相互调节表明，过度摄入糖或脂肪会向所需的激素发出信号，表明另一种物质缺乏，需要紧急平衡。)”可知，过度摄入糖或脂肪的总体效果是需要紧急平衡另一种物质。故选D项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段““It’s a tug of war between sugar and fat—not a restriction of total calories, as we would prefer,” said Alenius. (Alenius说：“这是糖和脂肪之间的拉锯战，而不是我们希望的限制总热量。”)”可知，Mattias Alenius描述糖分和脂肪摄入之间的关系为一场“拉锯战”，这一比喻暗示着糖分和脂肪之间存在着一种竞争动态，其中一种物质的过量会导致对另一种物质补偿性的渴望。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Researchers at Umea University in Sweden have identified a hormonal mechanism triggered by overconsumption of sugar, resulting in cravings for food high in fat.(瑞典于默奥大学的研究人员发现了一种由过度摄入糖分引发的激素机制，导致人们对高脂肪食物的渴望。)”以及第三段“In 2022, the team identified how even a slight increase in sugar intake induces the secretion of the Hedgehog (Hh) hormone.(2022年，该团队确定了即使糖分摄入量略有增加，也会如何诱发Hedgehog (Hh)激素的分泌。)”和第四段“This mutual regulation suggests that overindulgence with either sugar or fat will signal to the required hormones that there’s a deficit of the other substance that needs urgent balancing.(这种相互调节表明，过度摄入糖或脂肪会向所需的激素发出信号，表明另一种物质缺乏，需要紧急平衡。)”可知，文章主要讲述了糖和脂肪摄入之间的相互影响和调节即研究的焦点是糖分和脂肪消耗之间的相互作用。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Each day, we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. ____36____ Since the early 1990s, psychologists have regarded intolerance for uncertainty (IU) as a character associated with different forms of anxiety and depression. IU doesn’t directly cause all of those conditions, but having a higher intolerance for uncertainty is a common experience that cuts across them. ____37____ It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. This can manifest in overplanning, repeated reassurance or information-seeking and avoiding anything new or unfamiliar. Some with high IU might make lists repeatedly or plan out conversations in their head. People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. ____38____ For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. ____39____ Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. ____40____ They can even accept and perhaps embrace uncertainty in day-to-day life. Life will always be full of unknowns. When facing the uncertain, people might feel discomfort, but there’s also a chance to try to feel curious and open. A. Analyze your need for certainty. B. Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. C. For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. D. High IU can also affect people’s physical health. E. People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. F. Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. G. Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others. 【答案】36. G 37. E 38. C 39. F 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人们对不确定性的不耐受（IU）心理及其影响，以及一些应对不确定性、提高耐受力的建议。 【36题详解】 上文“Each day, we face uncertainty around our health, what others think of us, or what soup will be served at lunch. (每天，我们都会面临健康、他人对我们的看法或午餐吃什么汤等不确定因素。)”说明生活中充满了不确定性；G选项“Yet some people react more strongly to these unknowns than others.(然而，有些人对这些未知的反应比别人更强烈。)”中的these unknowns指代上文提到的各种不确定性，并指出不同人对不确定性的反应程度不同，引出下文对不耐受不确定性（IU）的讨论，符合题意。故选G。 【37题详解】 下文“It makes them stressed, irritable or anxious and they are motivated to avoid it at all costs, or control their environments to reduce uncertainty as much as possible. (这会使他们感到压力、烦躁或焦虑，他们有动力不惜一切代价避免它，或控制自己的环境以尽可能减少不确定性。)”中的“them”指代E选项中的“People with high IU”，说明高IU人群对不确定性的反应；E选项“People with high IU are bothered by even a minor case of uncertainty. (即使是轻微的不确定性，高IU人群也会感到困扰。)”指出了高IU人群对不确定性的敏感程度，符合题意。故选E。 【38题详解】 上文“People with high IU can also react to events more impulsively in order to resolve uncertainty as quickly as possible. (高IU人群为了尽快解决不确定性，也会更冲动地对事件做出反应。)”说明高IU人群对不确定性的强烈反应；C选项“For them, uncertainty is not just unpleasant - it’s intolerable. (对他们来说，不确定性不仅仅是不愉快的——它是无法忍受的。)”进一步强调了高IU人群对不确定性的无法忍受，符合题意。故选C。 【39题详解】 上文“For milder discomfort with uncertainty that doesn’t cause significant distress or disruption to life, people can build their own tolerance to uncertainty a little bit each day. (对于不会导致生活显著痛苦或混乱的轻微不确定性不适，人们可以每天一点一点地建立自己对不确定性的容忍度。)”说明人们可以逐渐建立对不确定性的容忍度；F选项“Seek out opportunities to safely play around the edges of your routines. (寻找机会在你的日常生活边缘安全地玩耍。)”中的play around the edges of your routines指的是尝试一些新的、不同于日常的事物，以此来逐渐适应和容忍不确定性，符合题意。故选F。 【40题详解】 上文“Then, after experimenting with small exposures to uncertainty, challenge yourself to do other new things-nothing big or scary, just things that are different and will initially feel uncomfortable. (然后，在尝试了一些小的、不确定性的暴露之后，挑战自己去做其他新的事情——不是什么大事或可怕的事，只是不同的事情，一开始会让你感到不舒服。)”说明通过逐渐尝试新事物来建立对不确定性的容忍度；B选项“Over time, people can learn to tolerate uncertainty. (随着时间的推移，人们可以学会容忍不确定性。)”总结了前文的内容，指出通过不断尝试和挑战，人们可以逐渐学会容忍不确定性，符合题意。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 By the time Dom was 10 years old, he’d broken and repaired his bicycle many times. He thought it ____41____ to upgrade to something tougher, so he went to his mom with a big ____42____, “I wanted a really nice mountain bike.” His mom said no, but offered to help. Dom decided to earn money by ____43____ bikes. His mom created a page online — Dom Fixes Bikes — to spread about his ____44____. He was ____45____ able to purchase his dream bike. He also had enough money left over to ____46____ six other kids with brand-new bikes for Christmas. After that, “I just ____47____ to do it,” says Dom, now 15. At first, he worked outside the home. When more ____48____ was needed, he rented a one-car garage. There was no electricity, no air conditioning and no heating. However, Dom’s resolution wasn’t ____49____. Last year, he celebrated the grand opening of his first storefront. During the holiday season, he ______50______ 121 bikes, exceeding his goal of 100 a year. The process is ______51______: Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free. That’s how 5-year-old Ilarri, a newcomer, got a bike, shortly after his school made an ______52______. Dom also reached out to students with special needs and donated ______53______ bikes, bringing mobility and independence to their lives. “He is an excellent example of how young people are ambitious and ______54______ to the social issues of our time,” said Pennsylvania State representative Melissa Shusterman. “His generosity gave us hope for the future.” For Dom, the project remains pure. “My bike represents ______55______, taking me anywhere I want to go. I just want to share it with others.” 41. A. stood out B. worked out C. made sure D. made sense 42. A. replacement B. request C. presentation D. step 43. A. advertising B. renting C. repairing D. exchanging 44. A. services B. kindness C. procedures D. hardship 45. A. suddenly B. naturally C. apparently D. eventually 46. A. surprise B. attract C. employ D. challenge 47. A. failed B. continued C. attempted D. agreed 48. A. security B. donation C. inspection D. space 49 A. shaken B. perceived C. valued D. approved 50. A. took up B. put together C. gave away D. turned over 51. A. flexible B. scientific C. suitable D. simple 52. A. invitation B. application C. instruction D. arrangement 53. A. adaptive B. expensive C. stylish D. classic 54. A. accustomed B. opposed C. connected D. limited 55. A. achievements B. freedom C. charity D. contributions 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了15岁的男孩Dom通过修理自行车赚钱，不仅实现了自己拥有山地车的梦想，还帮助其他孩子获得新自行车的感人故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他觉得升级成更结实的东西是有道理的，所以他带着一个很大的请求去找妈妈。A. stood out突出；B. worked out算出；C. made sure确保；D. made sense有道理。根据下文“so he went to his mom with a big ___2___, “I wanted a really nice mountain bike.””可知，Dom觉得有必要换一辆更结实的自行车，所以去找妈妈说想要一辆非常不错的山地车，说明他觉得升级成更结实的自行车是有道理的。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他觉得升级成更结实的东西是有道理的，所以他带着一个很大的请求去找妈妈。A. replacement替换；B. request请求；C. presentation展示；D. step步骤。根据下文“I wanted a really nice mountain bike.”可知，Dom去找妈妈是想提出一个请求，即想要一辆山地车。故选B。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dom决定通过修理自行车来赚钱。A. advertising登广告；B. renting出租；C. repairing修理；D. exchanging交换。根据上文“By the time Dom was 10 years old, he’d broken and repaired his bicycle many times.”可知，Dom擅长修理自行车，所以此处指他决定通过修理自行车来赚钱。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的妈妈在网上创建了一个页面——Dom Fixes Bikes，来宣传他的服务。A. services服务；B. kindness善良；C. procedures程序；D. hardship困难。根据上文“Dom decided to earn money by ____3____ bikes.”可知，Dom提供修理自行车的服务，所以妈妈在网上创建页面是为了宣传他的服务。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他最终买到了自己梦寐以求的自行车。A. suddenly突然；B. naturally自然地；C. apparently显然地；D. eventually最终。根据上文“Dom decided to earn money by ____3____ bikes.”以及下文“He also had enough money left over to ___6___ six other kids with brand-new bikes for Christmas.”可知，Dom通过修理自行车赚钱，最终买到了自己梦寐以求的自行车。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还剩下足够的钱，在圣诞节时给其他六个孩子一个惊喜，送给他们崭新的自行车。A. surprise使……惊喜，给……惊喜；B. attract吸引；C. employ雇佣；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“with brand-new bikes for Christmas”可知，在圣诞节送给孩子们崭新的自行车，是给他们一个惊喜。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，“我就继续这么做了，”现在15岁的Dom说。A. failed失败；B. continued继续；C. attempted尝试；D. agreed同意。根据下文“Last year, he celebrated the grand opening of his first storefront.”可知，Dom后来开了自己的店，说明他一直在继续修理自行车并帮助他人。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当需要更多空间时，他租了一个能停一辆车的车库。A. security安全；B. donation捐赠；C. inspection检查；D. space空间。根据下文“he rented a one-car garage”可知，他租了一个车库，说明他需要更多的空间来存放或修理自行车。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，Dom的决心并没有动摇。A. shaken动摇；B. perceived察觉；C. valued重视；D. approved批准。根据下文“Last year, he celebrated the grand opening of his first storefront.”可知，Dom最终开了自己的店，说明他的决心没有动摇。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在假期期间，他送出了121辆自行车，超过了他每年100辆的目标。A. took up拿起；B. put together组合；C. gave away赠送；D. turned over翻身，认真思考。根据下文“ Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free”可知，他是在赠送自行车。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个过程很简单：每个申请自行车的人都会免费得到一辆。A. flexible灵活的；B. scientific科学的；C. suitable适合的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free.”可知，申请自行车的人都能免费得到一辆，说明这个过程很简单。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是5岁的新来者Ilarri在学校提出申请后不久就得到一辆自行车的方式。A. invitation邀请；B. application申请；C. instruction指令；D. arrangement安排。根据上文“Everyone who applies for a bike will get one for free.”可知，想要自行车的人需要提出申请。故选B。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dom还联系了有特殊需要的学生，并捐赠了适应性自行车，为他们的生活带来了便利和独立。A. adaptive适应的，有适应能力的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. stylish时髦的；D. classic经典的。根据下文“students with special needs”可知，有特殊需要的学生需要适应性自行车来满足他们的需求。故选A。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是年轻人如何雄心勃勃并与我们时代的社会问题相联系的杰出典范。A. accustomed习惯于；B. opposed反对；C. connected联系；D. limited限制。根据上文“He is an excellent example of how young people are ambitious”可知，Dom是年轻人的典范，说明他与时代的社会问题有着紧密的联系。故选C。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的自行车代表着自由，带我去任何我想去的地方。A. achievements成就；B. freedom自由；C. charity慈善；D. contributions贡献。根据下文“taking me anywhere I want to go”可知，自行车可以带Dom去任何他想去的地方，代表着自由。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A significant leap forward in quantum computing technology has been achieved by researchers in China, as the Anhui Quantum Computing Engineering Research Center announced that a high-performance anti-interference ruthenium oxide thermometer (抗干扰氧化钌温度计) ____56____ (develop) by Chinese scientists, Science and Technology Daily reported on Sunday. The thermometer ____57____ (create) by QuantumCTek, which boasts a starting temperature close to 6 millikelvin (mK), not only set a new record within China but also marked a crucial step ____58____ places China’s ultra-low temperature measurement technology for superconducting quantum computing at the forefront of global advancements. Ruthenium oxide thermometers play ____59____ vital role in quantum computers. They function by precisely ____60____ (measure) the temperature of the working environment within quantum chips. As explained by technology expert LiXu from QuantumCTek, “absolute zero” (around minus 273.15 degrees Celsius), also known as 0 Kelvin, is often referred to as the “lowest temperature in the universe” and represents the theoretical limit for ____61____ (achieve) thermodynamic temperatures. Since quantum states are ____62____ (incredible) delicate, quantum chips require operation at conditions near “absolute zero”. Even the ____63____ (slight) temperature fluctuation can lead to the loss of quantum information. Utilizing ruthenium oxide thermometers for accurate monitoring of a quantum chip’s operating temperature is essential for guaranteeing the stable operation of quantum computers and enhancing the accuracy and ____64____ (reliable) of calculations performed by these powerful machines, said Li. Wang Zhehui, deputy director of the Anhui Quantum Information Engineering Technology Research Center, hailed the new thermometer _____65_____ a major step towards solidifying China’s self-sufficiency and control over the entire superconducting quantum computing industry chain. 【答案】56. had been developed 57. created 58. that##which 59. a 60. measuring 61. achievable 62. incredibly 63. slightest 64. reliability 65. as 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了中国在量子计算技术方面取得重大突破，安徽量子计算工程研究中心宣布，中国科学家研发了一款高性能抗干扰氧化钌温度计，该温度计不仅在国内创下新纪录，还标志着中国在超导量子计算超低温测量技术领域走在全球前列。 【56题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：据《科技日报》周日报道，安徽省量子计算工程研究中心宣布，中国科学家已经研发出一种高性能的抗干扰氧化钌温度计，量子计算技术取得了重大突破。设空处应填谓语，根据前文的announced可知，此处表示设空处的动作发生在过去的过去，同时a high-performance anti-interference ruthenium oxide thermometer 与develop之间是被动关系，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been developed。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这款由QuantumCTek公司研发的温度计，起始温度接近6毫开尔文（mK），不仅在中国创下了新纪录，也标志着中国在超导量子计算超低温测量技术领域迈出了至关重要的一步。句中set和marked构成并列谓语，create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语thermometer构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填created。 【58题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为step，在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词that/which引导。故填which。 【59题详解】 考查冠词。句意：氧化钌温度计在量子计算机中发挥着至关重要的作用。play a role in…为固定短语，意为“在……中发挥作用”。故填a。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们通过精确测量量子芯片内部工作环境的温度来发挥作用。measure在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处指通过测量温度来发挥作用，用介词by后接动名词作宾语，故填measuring。 【61题详解】 考查形容词。句意：据来自QuantumCTek的技术专家李旭解释，“绝对零度”（约零下273.15摄氏度），也被称为0开尔文，通常被称为“宇宙中的最低温度”，代表了热力学温度理论上可达到的极限。设空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词thermodynamic temperatures，表示“可实现的”，应用achievable，故填achievable。 【62题详解】 考查副词。句意：由于量子态极其精细，量子芯片需要在接近“绝对零度”的条件下运行。设空处应用副词修饰形容词delicate，表示“极其”，应用incredibly，故填incredibly。 【63题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：即使是极其微小的温度变化也会导致量子信息的丢失。根据后文can lead to the loss of quantum information可知，此处强调变化极其微小，应用形容词最高级作定语，修饰名词temperature fluctuation。故填slightest。 【64题详解】 考查名词。句意：李说，利用氧化钌温度计准确监测量子芯片的工作温度，对于保证量子计算机的稳定运行，提高这些强大机器的计算准确性和可靠性至关重要。and连接并列成分，根据and前名词accuracy可知，设空处也应填名词，表示“可靠性”，应用reliability，不可数。故填reliability。 【65题详解】 考查介词。句意：安徽省量子信息工程技术研究中心副主任王哲晖称赞这款新温度计，认为它是巩固中国在超导量子计算整个产业链上的自给自足和控制权方面迈出的一大步。设空处考查固定短语hail…as…，意为“称赞……为……”，故填as。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是学校科学俱乐部的负责人李华，请你给外籍科学教师Mr Johnson写封邮件，邀请他在即将举办的科学俱乐部的活动上做一次演讲。内容包括： （1）俱乐部介绍； （2）演讲的时间和主题。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Johnson, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr Johnson, I am Li Hua, the head of our school’s Science Club. Our club is dedicated to developing a love for science among students through various activities and events. We would be honored if you could give a speech at our upcoming club event, which is scheduled for next Friday at 3 pm. We would appreciate it if you could speak on the topic of “Innovation in Modern Science”. Thank you for considering our invitation. We look forward to your response. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按照要求给外籍科学教师Mr Johnson写封邮件，邀请他在即将举办的科学俱乐部的活动上做一次演讲。 【详解】1.词汇积累 致力于：be dedicated to → be devoted to 各种各样的：various → a variety of 安排：schedule → arrange 答复：response → reply 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句原句：I am Li Hua, the head of our school’s Science Club. 拓展句：I am Li Hua, who is the head of our school’s Science Club. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We would be honored if you could give a speech at our upcoming club event, which is scheduled for next Friday at 3 pm.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句、which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Thank you for considering our invitation.（运用了动名词considering作宾语） 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One afternoon, Tom was going to see a movie that everyone had been talking about. The posters were everywhere. As he approached the cinema, he noticed a small boy sitting on the steps, looking longingly at the movie posters. The boy seemed to be lost in his thoughts, staring at the colorful images with a mix of hope and sadness. The boy’s clothes were a bit worn, and his shoes had seen better days. His shirt had patches, and his pants were a little too short, showing his ankles. It was clear that he had been through some hard times. Tom could see the desire in his eyes to be inside, watching the movie like everyone else. He knew he had to do something to make this boy’s day a little brighter. “Hey there.” Tom said, approaching the boy. “What’s your name?” he spoke softly, not wanting to startle him. The boy looked up, surprised that someone was talking to him. His eyes were wide, and for a moment, he seemed unsure of how to respond. “I’m Jack.” he replied shyly, his voice barely above a whisper. “Jack, do you like movies?” Tom asked with a smile. He wanted to make Jack feel comfortable and show him that he cared. Jack’s eyes lit up instantly. “I love the film! But I don’t have enough money for a ticket,” he said. He looked down at his worn-out shoes, his excitement fading as quickly as it had appeared. Tom thought for a moment. He had been saving his money for this movie, but he knew what he had to do. Sacrificing a bit of his savings seemed like a small price to pay to bring joy to someone else. “How about buying a ticket for you? We can watch the movie together,” he said. Jack’s face brightened with joy. “Really? You’d do that for me?” he asked, hardly able to believe his ears. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 They walked to the ticket office, and Tom bought two tickets. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the movie ended, they walked out of the cinema together. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】They walked to the ticket office, and Tom bought two tickets. Tom put one ticket in Jack’s hand. Jack held the ticket tightly as if it were a treasure, his eyes sparkling with excitement. They entered the cinema together, found their seats, and settled in. As the lights dimmed and the movie started, Tom glanced over at Jack. The boy was completely absorbed in the film, his face a picture of pure delight. Tom felt a touch of warmth in his heart, knowing he had made a difference in Jack’s life, even if just for a short time. After the movie ended, they walked out of the cinema together. Jack turned to Tom with a big smile on his face. “Thank you so much for this. It was the best day ever,” he said, his voice filled with gratitude. Tom patted Jack on the shoulder and said, “I’m glad you enjoyed it. Remember, kindness is something we can all share. Maybe one day, you can do something nice for someone else.” Jack nodded. “I will,” he promised. Tom watched as Jack ran off, waving goodbye. Tom felt a deep sense of fulfillment. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章主要讲述了Tom在去看电影时，注意到一个名叫Jack的小男孩因为没钱买电影票而坐在电影院台阶上盯着电影海报看。Tom心生怜悯，便用自己的钱买了两张电影票，邀请Jack一起观看电影。Jack对此非常感激，两人一起享受了电影。电影结束后，Jack对Tom表示感谢，Tom则鼓励Jack将来也能对他人行善。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他们走向售票处，Tom买了两张票。”可知，第一段可描写Tom为Jack买了票，Jack非常兴奋的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“电影结束后，他们一起走出了电影院。”可知，第二段可描写Jack对Tom的帮助表示感谢，并承诺将来也会对他人行善。 2.续写线索： 买票——兴奋——进入电影院——看电影——电影结束——感谢——承诺——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①走进：enter/walk into ②开始：start/begin ③跑开：run off/run away 情绪类 ①兴奋：excitement/thrill/exhilaration ②充满感激：filled with gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Tom felt a touch of warmth in his heart, knowing he had made a difference in Jack’s life, even if just for a short time.（句中使用现在分词作状语以及省略that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]. Tom watched as Jack ran off, waving goodbye. （句中使用现在分词作状语以及as引导状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null