话题12 社会的发展与变迁-【一战成名新中考】2025福建厦门中考英语（人教版）·一轮复习·话题读写思维训练优质课件PPT（讲册）

英语 1 第一部分 话题读写进阶练 话题12 社会的发展与变迁（2017阅读E） 2 【话题角度】基础设施、社会进步（2017阅读E） 【教材单元链接】 八下U10 I’ve had this bike for three years. Section B 生活环境的改变 3 话题词句梳理 话题词汇 基础设施 1.transportation交通 2.environment环境 3.community社区 4.service服务 5.hometown家乡 6.countryside乡村 7.city城市 8.railway铁路 9.parking lot停车场 10.restroom公共厕所 4 11.avenue林荫大道 12.road道路 13.bridge桥 14.airport机场 15.train station火车站 我来补充：__________________ 5 社会进步 1.society社会 2.system体系 3.policy政策 4.change改变 5.achieve实现 6.promote促进 7.development发展 8.population人口 9.government政府 10.education教育 11.medical医疗的 12.lifestyle生活方式 13.living conditions居住条件 14.take place发生 15.create more jobs创造更多就业机会 我来补充：__________________ 6 写作佳句 1.Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts. 我们的家 乡在我们心中留下了许多温馨甜蜜的回忆。 2.Zhong Wei thinks these changes are good because things need to change in order to become better. 钟伟认为这些变化是好的，因为事物需要改变才能 变得更好。 3.Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed. 许多人像钟伟一样，对他们的家乡发生了怎样的变化抱有 极大的兴趣。 7 4.In many places, the government has also built some new schools and sent teachers from the cities to help. 在许多地方，政府也新建了一些学校，并 派遣城市的教师来提供帮助。 5.He also thinks some things never change, and his hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood memories. 他还认为有些事情永远不会改变，他 的家乡仍然是承载着他所有童年记忆的地方。 8 话题语篇“精讲” Many of us read news every day probably because we’d like to know what’s happening in the world. Today we can get news from TV 1.____ the Internet, but how did ancient people get news? At the very beginning, information 2.____________ （spread） by word of mouth. People living in tribes（部落） 3.________ （main） got news from neighbors or travelers. Ancient Romans changed 4.____ way people knew about their communities. They posted a list of daily happenings at public squares in the cities. Ancient Chinese people did it in another way. The government had news sheets sent to officials in the whole country so people could know what was or was spread mainly the 9 going on in the capital. The 5._________ （fifteen） century saw big progress in printing technology in the West. The progress 6._________ （bring） a sudden rise of news business. Printers sold whatever people loved to read. In the sixteenth century, the first real newspaper appeared. People started to form the habit of 7.________ （read） newspapers. They liked to share their 8._________ （opinion） in newspapers. The invention of telegraph（电报） machines led 9.___ another big step in history. News stories were sent to the papers in minutes instead of weeks. Now we get news in seconds from all over the world. We can become some kind of reporters by posting online what happens around 10.____ （we）. fifteenth brought reading opinions to us 语篇研读 1.Theme（主题）：人与社会——历史的发展 2.What（主旨）：介绍了古代人获取信息的方式 3.Why（意图）：通过了解新闻获取方式的历史演变，鼓励人们持续学习， 不断适应新的技术和变化。 11 4.How（结构）： 12 读后迁移练 一材多设 How did people get news in the sixteenth century? ___ A. B. C. D. √ 13 话题语篇“精练” Passage 1 With the efforts and support from the government in many aspects（方面）, a new socialist countryside（社会主义新农村） has appeared in China. The farmers have lived happy lives, and many . .1. . have been built. There are more new farmers with . .2. . knowledge of science and technology, laws and management. Many farming techniques have been modernized（现代化）. With the . .3. . of scientists, farmers have used the latest technologies to increase 14 agricultural production without harming the environment. As a result, the yearly income（收入） of the farmers has increased and their housing conditions have been . .4. . as well. People in the new countryside are enjoying a clean, tidy and orderly environment. Besides, children can go to school . .5. . paying and have free lunch at school. They can read and study . .6. . in the evening. There are even some highways and railways . .7. . through the villages. The government also provides medical care system for farmers. The . .8. . socialist countryside has attracted foreigners. Nowadays, some of them have come to visit it. We are happy for the farmers. We . .9. . the farmers will be richer and happier. Thanks to our government for building socialist countryside for us, we live a better life. As students, we should study hard to be well prepared for the . .10. . construction（建设） of the newer socialist countryside, thus making our country more beautiful and powerful. 1.( ) A. buildings B. villages C. bridges 2.( ) A. expensive B. cheap C. basic 3.( ) A. heat B. door C. help 4.( ) A. taken B. improved C. corrected 5.( ) A. without B. between C. during 6.( ) A. quickly B. hardly C. happily 7.( ) A. driving B. running C. riding 8.( ) A. large B. short C. beautiful 9.( ) A. watch B. compare C. hope 10.( ) A. road B. future C. hospital √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 17 读后迁移练 一、一材多设 1.新考法·英英释义 What does the underlined word “techniques” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? ___ A. Skills. B. Feelings. C. Situations. D. Opinions. 2.What could be the best title of the text? ___ A. Fishing for a Living B. “Beautiful Villages” Project C. Great Changes in the Countryside D. The Tourism Industry in China √ √ 18 二、句子仿写 1.thanks to 幸亏 仿写：__________________________________________________________ _____________ 2.prepare for 为……做准备 仿写：__________________________________________________________ _______________________ Thanks to the good policies, villagers have more ways to make money. Now many young people study in paid study rooms to prepare for their exams. 19 Passage 2 Great changes have taken place in people’s lives since the reform and opening- up in 1978. China’s economy（经济） has grown rapidly. So in many ways, people live a lot better than before. In the past, every family had several children. They lived a very hard life. Most children had no chance to receive a good education. But now, people have changed their ideas. Families have fewer but healthier children. Most children can go to college by working hard. People now keep in touch with friends and relatives by WeChat or QQ online instead of writing letters. People used to listen to the radio for news and other 20 information. But now they mainly get it from TVs, the Internet, cellphones and so on. In transportation, people have more choices to take all kinds of vehicles. People used to walk to work and children went to school on foot or by bike. It often took too much time to do so. Today it’s very easy to take buses, subways and cars. Traveling is very convenient. People can reach a place easily and they can save a lot of time for doing other things. The living conditions were poor in the 1960s. ▲ Nowadays, people have moved into big and bright apartments with several rooms. They needn’t share the same room with their sisters or brothers. 21 1.When did Chinese people’s lives begin to change according to the text? ___ A. In 1960. B. In 1978. C. In 1980. D. In 1988. 2.What change of people’s lives does Paragraph 3 tell us about? ___ A. Education. B. Transportation. C. Living conditions. D. Communication. 3.What does the underlined word “vehicles” in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese? ___ A. 建议 B. 工具 C. 途径 D. 场所 √ √ √ 22 4.How many ways of changes in China does the text talk about? ___ A. Six. B. Five. C. Four. D. Three. 5.What’s the best title for the text? ___ A. Great Changes of Chinese Lives B. Children’s Education in China C. Chinese Living Conditions D. The Reform and Opening-up of China √ √ 23 读后迁移练 一、题型加练 新考法·句子还原 Which of the following can be put into the “▲”？ ___ A. The living conditions in the new place have improved. B. It’s necessary to have fridges and TV sets in modern families. C. Big families were crowded into small rooms. D. We were surprised because everything had changed. √ 24 二、句子仿写 1.have the chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 仿写：__________________________________________________________ _______________ 2.keep in touch with 保持联系 仿写：__________________________________________________________ _________________________ Nowadays, more and more people have the chance to get a good education. When my grandparents were young, they wrote letters to keep in touch with others. 25 Passage 3 China has made great achievements during these years. Recently, many foreigners came to rural China（中国农村）. In the past, they only chose to visit some big cities. 1.___ Gina, from Italy, returned to the village she had visited two years ago. The local people are still friendly and warm. She liked to take pictures in villages. 2.___ During her trip, she found that everyone in the village lives a life that is similar to the life of people in the city. There are also parks and libraries for people. 3.___ The government also sends teachers to help, so students there D C E 26 have chances to receive a better education. What a happy life they are living! 4.___ High-speed trains and private cars can take people everywhere. She even sees drones（无人机） in farming and many other high-tech products being used to help with farming. People can book rooms and pay with WeChat. Some villagers even sell their goods online. It is different from what happened at the end of the last century. Now, more young people are willing to return home. Perhaps you can’t imagine an American living in rural Yunnan. 5.___ The local traditional culture and festival celebrations attracted（吸引） him. These were great pleasures for him. If he has to express it in one word, it will be “hope”. A B A. Saran says transportation is more convenient. B. But an American businessman called Linden did it. C. So she invited the villagers to take pictures this time. D. Here is the beauty of rural China in three foreigners’ eyes. E. They can not only enjoy themselves but also learn something new. F. What’s more, more and more visitors from all over the world come to visit. 读后迁移练 一、一材多设 新考法·细节归纳 What attracted Linden most in rural Yunnan? ___ ①Its local traditional culture. ②Its convenient transportation. ③Its festival celebrations. ④Its friendly people. A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ①③ √ 29 二、句子仿写 1.make great achievements 取得很大成就 仿写：__________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ 2.be different from 与……不同 仿写：__________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Nowadays, our country has made great achievements in many fields, such as technology and economy. I think life in the twenty-second century will be very different from that in the twenty-first century. 30 Passage 4 China has a very long tradition of using coins and it was the first country to introduce paper money. Here, we take a look at the changes of money in China— its history, the ideas behind it, and the use of paper money. Cowrie shells（贝壳）. Cowrie shells were first used as money in the Shang Dynasty. Cowrie shells were a kind of shell, and it can be seen in the word—Bèi, which means things of great value. Cowrie shells continued to be used in some southwestern areas up to the Ming Dynasty. Cash coins. It was back in the Western Zhou Dynasty that China started using 31 metal coins. Chinese provided the technology for making the coins. People used different shapes of coins, like a shell, a knife, or a round thing. Then the Qin Dynasty Emperor Shihuangdi asked people to use the money in the same shape. Silver money. The Chinese silver money was in the shape of a boat or shoe. Compared with coins, very few were produced, and they were made by hand. It appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period and the use increased during the Song Dynasty. Silver and gold were long considered of similar value in China. Chinese paper money. Paper money came into use in the Tang Dynasty. People found they didn’t have difficulty carrying and using it anymore. Marco Polo, a famous Italian traveler, wrote about the use of paper money in his book, which led to the use of paper money in Europe. Nowadays, we use renminbi. As China became one of the world’s centers of finance（金融） and trade in the early 21st century, renminbi is growing to be a kind of money used worldwide. Money makes it possible for people to connect with the world and create a better life. No matter what kinds of money they are, behind them lies the rich culture of China. 1.When were cowrie shells first used as money? ______________________ 2.What did the Qin Dynasty Emperor Shihuangdi ask people to do? ____________________________________________________ 3.What led to the use of paper money in Europe? ________________________________________________ In the Shang Dynasty. He asked people to use the money in the same shape. Marco Polo’s book about the use of paper money. 34 4.What do these kinds of money have in common? __________________________________________ 5.What do you think of the changes of money? ______________________________________________________________ _________________（开放性试题，言之有理即可） Behind them lies the rich culture of China. It’s becoming much easier to carry and use. And it makes our life more convenient. 35 $$