Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解练习-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解练习 基础语篇巩固练 （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）When it comes to childhood (童年), what do you think of first? Everyone has their own different answers. Let’s go back to the past and share things that make us think of our childhood. A photo of my primary school classmates brings back the deepest memory of my childhood. It was taken at the end of primary school, and it shows the happy times of my childhood. Whenever I see it, I think of running on the playground with my classmates. I will keep this photo and cherish (珍惜) my happy childhood forever. Zhu Minhao What impresses (使……铭记) me most in my childhood is my grandmother’s tricycle (三轮车). In the past, my grandma used it to sell vegetables. And when she came back, she would bring me sweets. Sometimes, she took me out with her tricycle. Seeing the peaceful scenery (景色), I totally lost myself in its beauty. For me, the tricycle is not just a vehicle (交通工具), but also a memory of grandma. Zhou Jiayi My childhood was always filled with tasty food. I think ice cream was the most delicious snack in my childhood. When I ate it for the first time, my mouth was filled with breathtaking (令人震惊的) cold. And I was impressed by a happy feeling. From then on, I almost always ate ice cream until one day I found out that ice cream has a lot of calories. So I seldom eat ice cream after that. However, whenever I see ice cream, I can always think of my childhood and those happy days. Lu Shijian In my childhood, the most memorable things were the many animations (动漫) that I watched. One of them that I really liked was Naruto《火影忍者》. I watched Naruto Uzumaki grow from a child into a man in charge of (负责) his own life. The story gave me a longing (渴望) for my own growth and hope I can follow my heart to do the things I want. Even now, whenever I watch the animation, I will always think of my passion (热情) for being the person I want to be. Yang Xinyu 1．What is the deepest memory for Zhu Minhao? A．His mother’s tricycle. B．Tasty food. C．A photo of his classmates. D．Films about history. 2．Why did Zhou Jiayi like his grandma’s tricycle? A．Because he was good at riding it. B．Because he often rode it with his classmates. C．Because he was made to ride it by his grandma. D．Because it could help him think of his grandma. 3．Which of following is right according to the passage? A．We shouldn’t remember our childhood. B．When Yang Xinyu’s grandma came back, she would bring him sweets. C．Lu Shijian used to eat ice cream, but now he seldom does. D．Zhu Minhao liked animations. 4．What did Yang Xinyu get from Naruto? A．He could follow his heart to do what he wanted. B．He could enjoy any film. C．He could eat tasty food. D．He needn’t grow up. 5．What can we get from the passage? A．Different people have different childhoods. B．We will never think of our childhood. C．Everyone has a good childhood. D．Childhood is useless because it can only stand for the past. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了不同的人有不同的童年，由几名学生分享了他们童年的事情。 1．细节理解题。根据“A photo of my primary school classmates brings back the deepest memory of my childhood.”可知，一张小学同学的照片，勾起了朱敏浩童年最深刻的记忆。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“For me, the tricycle is not just a vehicle, but also a memory of grandma.”可知，三轮车不仅是交通工具，它能让他想起奶奶。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“From then on, I almost always ate ice cream until one day I found out that ice cream has a lot of calories. So I seldom eat ice cream after that.”可知，直到有一天他发现冰淇淋含有大量的卡路里，所以在那之后很少吃冰淇淋。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The story gave me a longing for my own growth and hope I can follow my heart to do the things I want.”可知，从《火影忍者》那里，他学到了他可以跟随自己的内心去做他想做的事。故选A。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，不同的人有不同的童年经历和回忆。故选A。 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）Improvements in technology often happen overnight. Some gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced (代替) by newer things like smartphones. Here are some old gadgets that people used to use. ① Do you have a landline at home? These are phones that people plug (插入) into their living room walls. Mobile phones didn’t use to be so popular at that time, so most families had a landline. But landlines only worked at home. What did people do when they were outside and needed to call someone? They looked for a pay phone! Then, most people had their own mobile phones and many homes no longer had landlines. ② People today store plenty of information online, or on SD cards. But in the 1980s and 1990s, people used to use floppy disks. The first floppy disks were large, expensive, and not very useful—each disk could store just 175 KB of information! Later, floppy disks got smaller and better. But even the best ones could only hold 1.44 MB．You would need three or four disks just for one song, and about 22,000 disks to match the storage (储存空间) available on a 32 GB phone! ③ It’s easy to take photos today. People often have thousands just on their phones! But photos used to cost much, and people took fewer of them. To take a photo, you had to buy a roll of film. This allowed you to take up to 30 photos. After finishing the roll, you left it at a shop. The shop developed the photos to make them be seen, which you could collect after a few days. Technology changes all the time, and the gadgets we use today will one day be old. What do you think will be next to disappear (消失)? 1．What is the title of each paragraph? a. Goodbye Disks         b. Music to my Ears     c. Picture This d. Call Me         e. Film Development A．①—d; ②—b; ③—e B．①—d; ②—a; ③—c C．①—c; ②—a; ③—b D．①—c; ②—b; ③—e 2．What can we get from the passage? A．No homes had landlines now. B．Floppy disks could store much information. C．You could take 40 photos with a roll of film. D．The improvements in technology change people’s life. 3．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Changing Phones B．The Gadgets of Tomorrow C．The Gadgets We are Using D．The Tools We Used to Use 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们过去常用的旧工具。 1．最佳标题题。根据“Do you have a landline at home?”可知，①段介绍固定电话，是用来通话的，用“Call Me”做标题；根据“People today store plenty of information online, or on SD cards. But in the 1980s and 1990s, people used to use floppy disks.”可知，②段讲述以前用过的软盘，用“Goodbye Disks”做标题；根据“It’s easy to take photos today...To take a photo, you had to buy a roll of film.”可知，③段介绍拍照工具，用“Picture This”做标题。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Improvements in technology often happen overnight.”和“Technology changes all the time, and the gadgets we use today will one day be old.”可知，全文通过讲述过去和现在常用工具的对比，阐述科技的进步改变了人们的生活。故选D。 3．最佳标题题。根据“Here are some old gadgets that people used to use.”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了人们过去常用的工具，D选项“我们过去使用的工具”符合文章内容。故选D。 （23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）Villages in China have enjoyed their development in a digital (数字) way in recent years. With the help of digital technology (技术), villagers are living an easier and happier life. Farming in the past was not an easy job. Farmers worked hard all year round. At the same time, they usually found it difficult to solve problems like plant diseases and pest (害虫). Now, there have been big changes in farming. For example, in Dayi County, Sichuan Province, AI machines help local farmers know when and how to fertilize (施肥) and kill pests. In this way, they make farmers work more easily with less time and energy. Thanks to the Internet, a new business called rural e-commerce (乡村电子商务) grows. Selling fresh fruit and vegetables to cities is faster. The business also helps villagers live a digital life. They can get many things done on different kinds of apps. They can also use drones to help with their farm work. More visitors travel in beautiful villages because of digital technology. A good example is Huacheng Town, Guangdong Province. Visitors can know where to park their cars for free, when to book a ticket easily and what to buy online. They can also enjoy the view of nearly every part of the town by using VR. 1．According to Paragraph 2, we know AI machines can help farmers ________. A．water the crops B．harvest the crops C．know when and where to fertilize D．save time and energy on farming 2．What is the structure of this passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2...) A． B． C． D． 3．What is the best title of this passage? A．Better village life. B．Tourism in villages. C．The digital technology. D．A new business in villages. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了数字技术在农村的发展及应用情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“...AI machines help local farmers know when and how to fertilize and kill pests. In this way, they make farmers work more easily with less time and energy.”可知，人工智能帮助农民施肥和除虫，减少了农民务农所需的时间和精力。故选D。 2．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述了数字技术对农村发展帮助颇多；第二、三、四段分别介绍了数字技术在务农、电子商务和旅游方面的作用。故选A。 3．最佳标题题。根据“With the help of digital technology, villagers are living an easier and happier life.”可知，本文主要介绍了数字技术使村民们过上了更轻松、更幸福的生活，因此A项“更好的乡村生活。”最适合做本文的标题。故选A。 （23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）I get up early in the morning. The curtain opens itself. The speaker starts to tell me about the weather and air quality today. Vroom, vroom. A self-driving taxi sends me to school. It comes on time and it’s very quiet. I scan my face when I get to the school gate. Look at my exercise book. In my class, each student finishes different exercises. They include the questions that we often get wrong. After school, Dad takes me to the city park. There were many cars on the road and the light stays green. Thanks to the smart traffic lights, we passed the crossings smoothly. Before getting to the park, Dad checks the online maps to find a free parking space. Then the map guides us there. In the park we jog on the smart lane (跑道). The lane records all our sports data such as our heartbeat (心跳), calories and how far we run. It’s getting dark and we are on our way home. The street lights turn on themselves. When there are few people around, they become less bright. 1．How does the writer go to school according the passage? A．On foot. B．By bike. C．By self-driving car. D．By self-driving taxi. 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the third paragraph? A．The exercise books. B．The questions. C．The students. D．The exercises. 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．My school life. B．Changes to the city. C．A day in a smart city. D．Travel around the city. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了在智能科技影响下作者一天的生活。 1．细节理解题。根据“A self-driving taxi sends me to school.”可知，一辆自动驾驶出租车送作者去上学。故选D。 2．代词指代题。根据“In my class, each student finishes different exercises. They include the questions that we often get wrong.”可知，每位同学完成不同的练习，这些练习包括我们经常错的一些题，they指代练习。故选D。 3．最佳标题题。结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了在智能科技的影响下作者一天的生活。故选C。 （22-23八年级下·四川达州·期末）When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (灌溉渠) and other projects began to be built in my village, “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard (果园) so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase (增加) the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 1．What troubled the villagers most was that ________. A．they could only grow fruit trees B．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard C．they had too much work D．it was not convenient to go up the hill 2．The good men came and offered help probably because of ________. A．the government’s support B．a school’s practical activity C．a company’s engineering plan D．the villagers’ suggestions 3．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A．more people like to work in the countryside nowadays B．the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city C．the village is a place of interest for tourists now D．there will be more fruit production in the village 4．What does the underlined phrase “devoted themselves to” mean in Chinese? A．捐钱给他人 B．吸引公众注意 C．付出很多努力 D．为他人准备 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Why do people come back? B．What does a hometown mean? C．How is a village improved? D．Who are the good men? 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在党和政府的富民政策的支持下，作者的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there.”可知，果园缺水是村民们所面临的最大的问题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“They are good men from our government”可知，为村民们修建灌溉渠的那些人来自政府部门，可见正是有了政府的支持，灌溉渠才得以修建。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase (增加) the fruit production with clean water in the river.”可知，政策鼓励村民们提高水果产量，可推知村子里将会生产越来越高的水果产量。故选D。 4．词义猜测题。由第二、三、四段内容可知，正是由于政府的支持，工作人员将大量精力用于村子里的灌溉渠修建，才使得村民们的水果收入大增，故“have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside”应是“将精力投入到乡村发展之中”之意，划线部分意为“付出很多努力”。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文内容，本文主要介绍了在党和政府的富民政策支持下，作者的家乡发生了巨大的变化，故C项“村子是如何得到改善的？” 最符合文章主题。故选C。 （22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）At my primary school, I was one of the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always got perfect scores. I thought I was born clever. At least I believed so. I was also a prodigy in music according to myself. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school. I was pretty sure that once I got to seventh grade, everyone would be surprised by me. But in fact they weren’t. When I arrived at my new class, I couldn’t wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do better than me. My grades began to get worse. I needed to actually study for my tests. More talented girls often sang solo (独唱). I believed I wasn’t smart. I believed I wasn’t talented. I believed I was a failure. Over the next two years. I had to work very hard. Every prize (奖) for the singing competition was given to me for hard work. Grades were still very low but improving (提高) little by little. I worked really hard. However, I was never the best at everything. I realize (意识到) that I really don’t have to be the best at everything. I was too hard on myself. In fact, when I did badly in a test, my classmates never laughed at me. No one is perfect. There may always be someone better than me at something. Anyway, there are about seven billion people in this world. I will never be the number one at everything, and that’s really okay. 1．What does the underlined word “prodigy” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．A lazy girl. B．A crazy fan. C．A kind child. D．A smart kid. 2．When the writer was at the new class, ________. A．she lost her interest in music B．she had difficulty in learning C．she surprised everyone in solos D．she was still the best 3．What happened to the writer during the next two years? A．She worked hard but failed to be perfect. B．She found the best way to be a singer. C．She gave up trying because of the low grades. D．She won many prizes without any hard work. 4．What would be the best title for this passage? A．Hard work doesn’t work. B．My past life as a young girl. C．No one is perfect. D．How to be a top student. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在小学时期自认为聪明且多才多艺，但进入新班级后遭遇挫折，逐渐意识到人无完人，不必在所有方面都做到最好。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I was one of the smartest kids there. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school.”可知，作者认为自己是学校里最聪明的孩子之一，并且唱歌也比学校里几乎所有人都唱得好。因此，可以推断出“prodigy”意为“一个聪明的孩子”。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“When I arrived at my new class, I couldn’t wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do better than me. My grades began to get worse.”可知，当作者来到新班级时，她迫不及待地想向大家展示自己的能力，但总是有人比她做得更好，她的成绩也开始变差。因此，作者在学习上遇到了困难。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Over the next two years. I had to work very hard. Every prize (奖) for the singing competition was given to me for hard work. Grades were still very low but improving (提高) little by little.”可知，在接下来的两年里，作者不得不非常努力地工作，虽然歌唱比赛的奖项都是因为她努力而获得的，但她的成绩仍然很低，只是逐渐提高了一点。因此，作者虽然努力但未能做到完美。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章最后一段“No one is perfect. There may always be someone better than me at something. Anyway, there are about seven billion people in this world. I will never be the number one at everything, and that’s really okay.”可知，文章主要讲述了作者意识到没有人是完美的，总会有比自己更擅长某事的人，作者也永远不会在所有事情上都排名第一，这没关系。因此，最适合本文的标题是“没有人是完美的”。故选C。 （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）A 15-year-old boy in Gaza has made power to light up his family’s tent, using two fans he found at a market. He and his family have lived in the tent since there was a war. His neighbors in the tent camp called him “Gaza’s Newton” because of his great ability and bright mind. “Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple fell on his head. And we here are living in darkness and bombs are falling on us, so I thought of creating light, and did so.” The boy said. Since the boy’s family lived a hard life, they connected their tent to the side of a house so that the boy could climb onto the top of the house and set up his two fans to charge batteries (给电池充电). Then, the boy connected the fans to power lines that run down through the house and used on-off, lights and a thin piece of wood in the tent to create light for his family. It took the boy some time to be successful finally after his first two tries failed. The boy was still very happy that he was able to make this because he could help his family and others like them. What’s more, he was also very glad that people in this camp called him “Gaza’s Newton”, because he hoped to become a scientist like Newton and create something that will be good for people of the whole world. 1．When did the boy and his family start living in the tent? A．When he was 15 years old. B．After he found two fans. C．When he created light for his family. D．After the war began in his country. 2．Why did the neighbors call him “Gaza’s Newton”? A．Because he created power lines. B．Because an apple fell on his head. C．Because he found a new energy. D．Because he used fans to make power. 3．How did the boy set up his fans? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The boy is creative and kind-hearted. B．The poor family was rich before the war. C．The boy had no difficulty creating light at first. D．The boy’s neighbors weren’t friendly to each other. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Power created in Gaza B．Special presents in life C．Ways to achieve dreams D．Bright mind of Gaza 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个15岁的加沙男孩儿，在以色列的袭击后与家人住在帐篷里，他用市场上找到的两个风扇制作了发电装置，为帐篷提供照明，被领居们称为“加沙的牛顿”的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文中第一段中“He and his family have lived in the tent since there was a war.”可知，这个男孩儿在国家发生战争后开始住在帐篷里。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据文中“His neighbors in the tent camp called him “Gaza’s Newton” because of his great ability and bright mind.”以及第三段可知，邻居之所以称男孩儿为加沙的牛顿是因为他利用风扇来发电。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据文中第三段中“Since the boy’s family lived a hard life, they connected their tent to the side of a house so that the boy could climb onto the top of the house and set up his two fans to charge batteries”可知，房子上面有两个电扇。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文中“And we here are living in darkness and bombs are falling on us, so I thought of creating light, and did so.”可知，这个男孩儿是有创造力的。根据“he hoped to become a scientist like Newton and create something that will be good for people of the whole world.”可知，这个男孩儿还是心地善良的。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了15岁加沙男孩儿，制造了发电装置，方便自己家人和邻居的故事。选项D“加沙的光明心灵”符合题意。故选D。 重难语篇拔高练 （23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末） My name is Joseph Davranche. My family was a poor one from Havre. My father worked hard, came home late from the office, and made very little money. We had to save money on everything. My two sisters made their own dresses. And if I lost my buttons or tore a hole in my trousers, my mother would be very angry. Every Sunday, dressed in our best, we would take our walk along the breakwater. When the big ships were returning from faraway countries, my father would always say the same words, “What a surprise it would be if Jules were on that one! Eh?” My Uncle Jules was the only hope of my family, after being its only fear. I have heard about him since childhood. It seems that he carelessly spent “a little” money. That action, in a poor family, is one of the greatest crimes. Well, Uncle Jules spent all of the money that should go to my father, after he had used up all of his own money. Then, he shipped off to America. Soon after, my uncle wrote that he was making a little money. He hoped he could make up for the harm he had done to my father. This letter stirred up a deep and strong feeling in the family. Jules, someone not worth his salt until then, suddenly became a good man, a kind-hearted fellow, a true and honest Davranche. Two years later a second letter came, saying, “My dear brother, I am writing to tell you not to worry about my health, which is excellent. Business is good. I may be away for several years in South America. If I shouldn’t write, don’t worry. When I became rich, I shall return to Havre. I hope that it will not be too long and that we shall all live happily together...” This letter became the gospel of my family. It was read when it was possible, and it was shown to everybody. For ten years we heard nothing from Uncle Jules, but as time went on, my father’s hope grew, and my mother, also, often said, “Once that good Jules returns, our life will be different. There is one who knew how to get along!” (To be continued) Mini-dictionary 1. tear /teə (r)/ v. (tore, torn) 扯破, 撕裂   2. breakwater /'breikwɔ:tə (r)/ n. 防波堤 3. stir /stə:(r)/ up 激起                    4. crime /kraim/ n. 罪过 5. worth /wɜːθ/ v. 值……钱              6. gospel /'ɡɒspl / n. 福音书 1．How does the writer show that “We had to save money on everything”? A．By telling stories. B．By giving examples. C．By introducing the main idea. D．By making a list of reasons. 2．The writer’s family expected Uncle Jules to come back home because _____________. A．they were deeply worried about Uncle Jules B．they always got along well with Uncle Jules C．they hoped Uncle Jules could live with them D．they hoped Uncle Jules came back with money 3．Why did the family show the letter to everybody? A．To tell others Jules missed the family. B．To tell others Jules was in South America. C．To tell others Jules was a kind-hearted man. D．To tell others their life would become better. 4．What does “someone not worth his salt” mean? A．Someone who is lazy. B．Someone who is poor. C．Someone who is homeless. D．Someone who is useless. 5．What can we know about Uncle Jules according to the passage? A．Uncle Jules left for America to do business. B．Uncle Jules used to be the fear of the family. C．Uncle Jules sent the family quite a lot of money. D．Uncle Jules had been away from home for 10 years. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了Joseph Davranche的家庭因贫穷寄希望于他的叔叔Jules，Jules在美国和南美寻找机会，虽然他们很久没有收到他的消息，但家里的人对他的期待和希望却在增长。 1．细节理解题。根据“We had to save money on everything. My two sisters made their own dresses. And if I lost my buttons or tore a hole in my trousers, my mother would be very angry.”可知，作者的两个姐姐自己做裙子；妈妈会因为纽扣掉了或者裤子破了一个洞而生气。所以作者是通过举例子的方式来表明他们每件事情上都在省钱。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“When I became rich, I shall return to Havre.”和“Once that good Jules returns, our life will be different.”可知，叔叔在信中说他变有钱了就会回到Havre，妈妈也希望叔叔回来后他们的生活会有所不同，所以作者全家期望叔叔回家是因为他们希望叔叔带着他的钱回来改善生活。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“When I became rich, I shall return to Havre. I hope that it will not be too long and that we shall all live happily together.”可知，叔叔在信中说等他有钱了就会回家，然后全家人快乐地生活在一起，所以家人总是将信给每个人看是为了告诉别人他们的生活会变得更好。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“Uncle Jules spent all of the money that should go to my father, after he had used up all of his own money.”和“He hoped he could make up for the harm he had done to my father.”和“Jules, someone not worth his salt until then, suddenly became a good man”可知，曾经的叔叔在花完自己的钱后将本该属于作者父亲的钱也花光，而如今却希望能弥补他对父亲造成的伤害，叔叔曾经是那么不值一提的人，突然变成了一个好人。所以D选项“一个没用的人”符合“someone not worth his salt”词义。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“My Uncle Jules was the only hope of my family, after being its only fear.”可知，Jules叔叔曾经是他们全家的恐惧。故选B。 （22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期中）Have you ever read stories of Sherlock Holmes-a famous detective? Here is one of his cases. Stapleton, Charles’s younger brother, found that he would inherit (继承) the Baskerville lands if Charles and his nephew (侄子)—Henry both died. Charles who had a weak heart believed super natural stories. After knowing this, Stapleton had the idea of buying a huge hound (猎犬), and of using the phosphorus (磷) to make it shine like the hound in one story. Then Stapleton asked his friend Laura to write a letter to bring Charles to the moor gate on that sad night. The hound, which was shining with phosphorus, chased Charles down the Yew Alley. Charles’s fear was so great that his weak heart stopped, and he died but the animal did not touch the dead body. There was no sign of murder (谋杀). It was difficult for Holmes to find the murderer. Two weeks later, Stapleton learned that Henry had reached England. He took his wife and the hound with him. He wore a false beard and followed Henry in London. He wanted to use the same way to murder Henry there. He needed something to give the hound Henry’s smell, so he paid a woman at Henry’s hotel to steal one of his shoes. The first one was a new one, which was no use for the hound, so it was put back. And then another older shoe was stolen. Before he was ready to murder Henry, he wasn’t sure if his wife would keep his secret, so he did not tell her the truth. He locked her up in their hotel. She knew that he must have some evil plans. She sent Henry a letter which was made of words cut from a newspaper. After receiving the letter, Henry knew he was in great danger and it must have something to do with his uncle Charles’s death. So he asked Holmes for help. 1．Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. A．how Stapleton bought the hound B．how Stapleton made the hound shine C．how the hound killed Charles D．how the hound chased Charles 2．The first new shoe was not useful for the hound because ________. A．it didn’t have Henry’s smell B．it belonged to Henry’s wife C．the hound saw nothing about Henry D．the hound didn’t like the smell 3．Which is the right order of what happened in the story? a. Stapleton stole Henry’s shoes.          b. Henry asked Holmes for help. c. Charles’s weak heart stopped.          d. Stapleton made the hound shine like the one in a story. e. Stapleton’s wife sent Henry a letter. A．d-a-e-b-c B．d-c-a-e-b C．b-e-a-d-c D．b-a-e-d-c 4．What may happen if Stapleton’s wife didn’t send the letter to Henry? A．It may be easy for Henry to find that he was in danger. B．It may be easy for Stapleton’s wife to know the truth. C．Henry may be murdered easily with no sign like Charles. D．Henry may get to know the truth much more easily. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名侦探福尔摩斯的一个案例故事。 1．段落大意题。根据“He wanted to use the same way to murder Henry there. ”以及本段内容可知，第四段讲述了斯台普顿如何利用猎犬杀死查尔斯的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The first one was a new one, which was no use for the hound, so it was put back.”可知，第一只新鞋对猎犬来说没有用，因为它没有亨利的气味。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“After knowing this, Stapleton had the idea of buying a huge hound (猎犬), and of using the phosphorus (磷) to make it shine like the hound in one story.”可知，斯台普顿使那只猎犬像故事里的人物一样闪闪发光。根据“Charles’s fear was so great that his weak heart stopped, and he died but the animal did not touch the dead body.”可知，查尔斯虚弱的心脏停止了跳动。根据“He needed something to give the hound Henry’s smell, so he paid a woman at Henry’s hotel to steal one of his shoes”可知，斯台普顿偷了亨利的鞋子。根据“She sent Henry a letter which was made of words cut from a newspaper.”可知，斯台普顿的妻子给亨利写了一封信。根据“After receiving the letter, Henry knew he was in great danger and it must have something to do with his uncle Charles’s death. So he asked Holmes for help.”可知，最后亨利向福尔摩斯求助。所以正确的故事发生顺序为d-c-a-e-b。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Charles’s fear was so great that his weak heart stopped, and he died but the animal did not touch the dead body. There was no sign of murder (谋杀). It was difficult for Holmes to find the murderer.”可知，查尔斯的死亡没有谋杀的迹象。结合“After receiving the letter, Henry knew he was in great danger and it must have something to do with his uncle Charles’s death. So he asked Holmes for help.”可知，如果斯台普顿的妻子没有把信寄给亨利，最后亨利也会很可能会以同样的方式被谋杀，故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题阅读理解练习 基础语篇巩固练 （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）When it comes to childhood (童年), what do you think of first? Everyone has their own different answers. Let’s go back to the past and share things that make us think of our childhood. A photo of my primary school classmates brings back the deepest memory of my childhood. It was taken at the end of primary school, and it shows the happy times of my childhood. Whenever I see it, I think of running on the playground with my classmates. I will keep this photo and cherish (珍惜) my happy childhood forever. Zhu Minhao What impresses (使……铭记) me most in my childhood is my grandmother’s tricycle (三轮车). In the past, my grandma used it to sell vegetables. And when she came back, she would bring me sweets. Sometimes, she took me out with her tricycle. Seeing the peaceful scenery (景色), I totally lost myself in its beauty. For me, the tricycle is not just a vehicle (交通工具), but also a memory of grandma. Zhou Jiayi My childhood was always filled with tasty food. I think ice cream was the most delicious snack in my childhood. When I ate it for the first time, my mouth was filled with breathtaking (令人震惊的) cold. And I was impressed by a happy feeling. From then on, I almost always ate ice cream until one day I found out that ice cream has a lot of calories. So I seldom eat ice cream after that. However, whenever I see ice cream, I can always think of my childhood and those happy days. Lu Shijian In my childhood, the most memorable things were the many animations (动漫) that I watched. One of them that I really liked was Naruto《火影忍者》. I watched Naruto Uzumaki grow from a child into a man in charge of (负责) his own life. The story gave me a longing (渴望) for my own growth and hope I can follow my heart to do the things I want. Even now, whenever I watch the animation, I will always think of my passion (热情) for being the person I want to be. Yang Xinyu 1．What is the deepest memory for Zhu Minhao? A．His mother’s tricycle. B．Tasty food. C．A photo of his classmates. D．Films about history. 2．Why did Zhou Jiayi like his grandma’s tricycle? A．Because he was good at riding it. B．Because he often rode it with his classmates. C．Because he was made to ride it by his grandma. D．Because it could help him think of his grandma. 3．Which of following is right according to the passage? A．We shouldn’t remember our childhood. B．When Yang Xinyu’s grandma came back, she would bring him sweets. C．Lu Shijian used to eat ice cream, but now he seldom does. D．Zhu Minhao liked animations. 4．What did Yang Xinyu get from Naruto? A．He could follow his heart to do what he wanted. B．He could enjoy any film. C．He could eat tasty food. D．He needn’t grow up. 5．What can we get from the passage? A．Different people have different childhoods. B．We will never think of our childhood. C．Everyone has a good childhood. D．Childhood is useless because it can only stand for the past. （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）Improvements in technology often happen overnight. Some gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced (代替) by newer things like smartphones. Here are some old gadgets that people used to use. ① Do you have a landline at home? These are phones that people plug (插入) into their living room walls. Mobile phones didn’t use to be so popular at that time, so most families had a landline. But landlines only worked at home. What did people do when they were outside and needed to call someone? They looked for a pay phone! Then, most people had their own mobile phones and many homes no longer had landlines. ② People today store plenty of information online, or on SD cards. But in the 1980s and 1990s, people used to use floppy disks. The first floppy disks were large, expensive, and not very useful—each disk could store just 175 KB of information! Later, floppy disks got smaller and better. But even the best ones could only hold 1.44 MB．You would need three or four disks just for one song, and about 22,000 disks to match the storage (储存空间) available on a 32 GB phone! ③ It’s easy to take photos today. People often have thousands just on their phones! But photos used to cost much, and people took fewer of them. To take a photo, you had to buy a roll of film. This allowed you to take up to 30 photos. After finishing the roll, you left it at a shop. The shop developed the photos to make them be seen, which you could collect after a few days. Technology changes all the time, and the gadgets we use today will one day be old. What do you think will be next to disappear (消失)? 1．What is the title of each paragraph? a. Goodbye Disks         b. Music to my Ears     c. Picture This d. Call Me         e. Film Development A．①—d; ②—b; ③—e B．①—d; ②—a; ③—c C．①—c; ②—a; ③—b D．①—c; ②—b; ③—e 2．What can we get from the passage? A．No homes had landlines now. B．Floppy disks could store much information. C．You could take 40 photos with a roll of film. D．The improvements in technology change people’s life. 3．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Changing Phones B．The Gadgets of Tomorrow C．The Gadgets We are Using D．The Tools We Used to Use （23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）Villages in China have enjoyed their development in a digital (数字) way in recent years. With the help of digital technology (技术), villagers are living an easier and happier life. Farming in the past was not an easy job. Farmers worked hard all year round. At the same time, they usually found it difficult to solve problems like plant diseases and pest (害虫). Now, there have been big changes in farming. For example, in Dayi County, Sichuan Province, AI machines help local farmers know when and how to fertilize (施肥) and kill pests. In this way, they make farmers work more easily with less time and energy. Thanks to the Internet, a new business called rural e-commerce (乡村电子商务) grows. Selling fresh fruit and vegetables to cities is faster. The business also helps villagers live a digital life. They can get many things done on different kinds of apps. They can also use drones to help with their farm work. More visitors travel in beautiful villages because of digital technology. A good example is Huacheng Town, Guangdong Province. Visitors can know where to park their cars for free, when to book a ticket easily and what to buy online. They can also enjoy the view of nearly every part of the town by using VR. 1．According to Paragraph 2, we know AI machines can help farmers ________. A．water the crops B．harvest the crops C．know when and where to fertilize D．save time and energy on farming 2．What is the structure of this passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2...) A． B． C． D． 3．What is the best title of this passage? A．Better village life. B．Tourism in villages. C．The digital technology. D．A new business in villages. （23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）I get up early in the morning. The curtain opens itself. The speaker starts to tell me about the weather and air quality today. Vroom, vroom. A self-driving taxi sends me to school. It comes on time and it’s very quiet. I scan my face when I get to the school gate. Look at my exercise book. In my class, each student finishes different exercises. They include the questions that we often get wrong. After school, Dad takes me to the city park. There were many cars on the road and the light stays green. Thanks to the smart traffic lights, we passed the crossings smoothly. Before getting to the park, Dad checks the online maps to find a free parking space. Then the map guides us there. In the park we jog on the smart lane (跑道). The lane records all our sports data such as our heartbeat (心跳), calories and how far we run. It’s getting dark and we are on our way home. The street lights turn on themselves. When there are few people around, they become less bright. 1．How does the writer go to school according the passage? A．On foot. B．By bike. C．By self-driving car. D．By self-driving taxi. 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the third paragraph? A．The exercise books. B．The questions. C．The students. D．The exercises. 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．My school life. B．Changes to the city. C．A day in a smart city. D．Travel around the city. （22-23八年级下·四川达州·期末）When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (灌溉渠) and other projects began to be built in my village, “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard (果园) so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservation project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase (增加) the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 1．What troubled the villagers most was that ________. A．they could only grow fruit trees B．there wasn’t enough water in the orchard C．they had too much work D．it was not convenient to go up the hill 2．The good men came and offered help probably because of ________. A．the government’s support B．a school’s practical activity C．a company’s engineering plan D．the villagers’ suggestions 3．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A．more people like to work in the countryside nowadays B．the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city C．the village is a place of interest for tourists now D．there will be more fruit production in the village 4．What does the underlined phrase “devoted themselves to” mean in Chinese? A．捐钱给他人 B．吸引公众注意 C．付出很多努力 D．为他人准备 5．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Why do people come back? B．What does a hometown mean? C．How is a village improved? D．Who are the good men? （22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）At my primary school, I was one of the smartest kids there. I never studied, but always got perfect scores. I thought I was born clever. At least I believed so. I was also a prodigy in music according to myself. I could sing better than almost everyone else in my school. I was pretty sure that once I got to seventh grade, everyone would be surprised by me. But in fact they weren’t. When I arrived at my new class, I couldn’t wait to show everyone what I could do. However, there was always someone else who could do better than me. My grades began to get worse. I needed to actually study for my tests. More talented girls often sang solo (独唱). I believed I wasn’t smart. I believed I wasn’t talented. I believed I was a failure. Over the next two years. I had to work very hard. Every prize (奖) for the singing competition was given to me for hard work. Grades were still very low but improving (提高) little by little. I worked really hard. However, I was never the best at everything. I realize (意识到) that I really don’t have to be the best at everything. I was too hard on myself. In fact, when I did badly in a test, my classmates never laughed at me. No one is perfect. There may always be someone better than me at something. Anyway, there are about seven billion people in this world. I will never be the number one at everything, and that’s really okay. 1．What does the underlined word “prodigy” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．A lazy girl. B．A crazy fan. C．A kind child. D．A smart kid. 2．When the writer was at the new class, ________. A．she lost her interest in music B．she had difficulty in learning C．she surprised everyone in solos D．she was still the best 3．What happened to the writer during the next two years? A．She worked hard but failed to be perfect. B．She found the best way to be a singer. C．She gave up trying because of the low grades. D．She won many prizes without any hard work. 4．What would be the best title for this passage? A．Hard work doesn’t work. B．My past life as a young girl. C．No one is perfect. D．How to be a top student. （23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）A 15-year-old boy in Gaza has made power to light up his family’s tent, using two fans he found at a market. He and his family have lived in the tent since there was a war. His neighbors in the tent camp called him “Gaza’s Newton” because of his great ability and bright mind. “Newton was sitting under an apple tree when an apple fell on his head. And we here are living in darkness and bombs are falling on us, so I thought of creating light, and did so.” The boy said. Since the boy’s family lived a hard life, they connected their tent to the side of a house so that the boy could climb onto the top of the house and set up his two fans to charge batteries (给电池充电). Then, the boy connected the fans to power lines that run down through the house and used on-off, lights and a thin piece of wood in the tent to create light for his family. It took the boy some time to be successful finally after his first two tries failed. The boy was still very happy that he was able to make this because he could help his family and others like them. What’s more, he was also very glad that people in this camp called him “Gaza’s Newton”, because he hoped to become a scientist like Newton and create something that will be good for people of the whole world. 1．When did the boy and his family start living in the tent? A．When he was 15 years old. B．After he found two fans. C．When he created light for his family. D．After the war began in his country. 2．Why did the neighbors call him “Gaza’s Newton”? A．Because he created power lines. B．Because an apple fell on his head. C．Because he found a new energy. D．Because he used fans to make power. 3．How did the boy set up his fans? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．The boy is creative and kind-hearted. B．The poor family was rich before the war. C．The boy had no difficulty creating light at first. D．The boy’s neighbors weren’t friendly to each other. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Power created in Gaza B．Special presents in life C．Ways to achieve dreams D．Bright mind of Gaza 重难语篇拔高练 （23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末） My name is Joseph Davranche. My family was a poor one from Havre. My father worked hard, came home late from the office, and made very little money. We had to save money on everything. My two sisters made their own dresses. And if I lost my buttons or tore a hole in my trousers, my mother would be very angry. Every Sunday, dressed in our best, we would take our walk along the breakwater. When the big ships were returning from faraway countries, my father would always say the same words, “What a surprise it would be if Jules were on that one! Eh?” My Uncle Jules was the only hope of my family, after being its only fear. I have heard about him since childhood. It seems that he carelessly spent “a little” money. That action, in a poor family, is one of the greatest crimes. Well, Uncle Jules spent all of the money that should go to my father, after he had used up all of his own money. Then, he shipped off to America. Soon after, my uncle wrote that he was making a little money. He hoped he could make up for the harm he had done to my father. This letter stirred up a deep and strong feeling in the family. Jules, someone not worth his salt until then, suddenly became a good man, a kind-hearted fellow, a true and honest Davranche. Two years later a second letter came, saying, “My dear brother, I am writing to tell you not to worry about my health, which is excellent. Business is good. I may be away for several years in South America. If I shouldn’t write, don’t worry. When I became rich, I shall return to Havre. I hope that it will not be too long and that we shall all live happily together...” This letter became the gospel of my family. It was read when it was possible, and it was shown to everybody. For ten years we heard nothing from Uncle Jules, but as time went on, my father’s hope grew, and my mother, also, often said, “Once that good Jules returns, our life will be different. There is one who knew how to get along!” (To be continued) Mini-dictionary 1. tear /teə (r)/ v. (tore, torn) 扯破, 撕裂   2. breakwater /'breikwɔ:tə (r)/ n. 防波堤 3. stir /stə:(r)/ up 激起                    4. crime /kraim/ n. 罪过 5. worth /wɜːθ/ v. 值……钱              6. gospel /'ɡɒspl / n. 福音书 1．How does the writer show that “We had to save money on everything”? A．By telling stories. B．By giving examples. C．By introducing the main idea. D．By making a list of reasons. 2．The writer’s family expected Uncle Jules to come back home because _____________. A．they were deeply worried about Uncle Jules B．they always got along well with Uncle Jules C．they hoped Uncle Jules could live with them D．they hoped Uncle Jules came back with money 3．Why did the family show the letter to everybody? A．To tell others Jules missed the family. B．To tell others Jules was in South America. C．To tell others Jules was a kind-hearted man. D．To tell others their life would become better. 4．What does “someone not worth his salt” mean? A．Someone who is lazy. B．Someone who is poor. C．Someone who is homeless. D．Someone who is useless. 5．What can we know about Uncle Jules according to the passage? A．Uncle Jules left for America to do business. B．Uncle Jules used to be the fear of the family. C．Uncle Jules sent the family quite a lot of money. D．Uncle Jules had been away from home for 10 years. （22-23八年级下·江苏常州·期中）Have you ever read stories of Sherlock Holmes-a famous detective? Here is one of his cases. Stapleton, Charles’s younger brother, found that he would inherit (继承) the Baskerville lands if Charles and his nephew (侄子)—Henry both died. Charles who had a weak heart believed super natural stories. After knowing this, Stapleton had the idea of buying a huge hound (猎犬), and of using the phosphorus (磷) to make it shine like the hound in one story. Then Stapleton asked his friend Laura to write a letter to bring Charles to the moor gate on that sad night. The hound, which was shining with phosphorus, chased Charles down the Yew Alley. Charles’s fear was so great that his weak heart stopped, and he died but the animal did not touch the dead body. There was no sign of murder (谋杀). It was difficult for Holmes to find the murderer. Two weeks later, Stapleton learned that Henry had reached England. He took his wife and the hound with him. He wore a false beard and followed Henry in London. He wanted to use the same way to murder Henry there. He needed something to give the hound Henry’s smell, so he paid a woman at Henry’s hotel to steal one of his shoes. The first one was a new one, which was no use for the hound, so it was put back. And then another older shoe was stolen. Before he was ready to murder Henry, he wasn’t sure if his wife would keep his secret, so he did not tell her the truth. He locked her up in their hotel. She knew that he must have some evil plans. She sent Henry a letter which was made of words cut from a newspaper. After receiving the letter, Henry knew he was in great danger and it must have something to do with his uncle Charles’s death. So he asked Holmes for help. 1．Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. A．how Stapleton bought the hound B．how Stapleton made the hound shine C．how the hound killed Charles D．how the hound chased Charles 2．The first new shoe was not useful for the hound because ________. A．it didn’t have Henry’s smell B．it belonged to Henry’s wife C．the hound saw nothing about Henry D．the hound didn’t like the smell 3．Which is the right order of what happened in the story? a. Stapleton stole Henry’s shoes.          b. Henry asked Holmes for help. c. Charles’s weak heart stopped.          d. Stapleton made the hound shine like the one in a story. e. Stapleton’s wife sent Henry a letter. A．d-a-e-b-c B．d-c-a-e-b C．b-e-a-d-c D．b-a-e-d-c 4．What may happen if Stapleton’s wife didn’t send the letter to Henry? A．It may be easy for Henry to find that he was in danger. B．It may be easy for Stapleton’s wife to know the truth. C．Henry may be murdered easily with no sign like Charles. D．Henry may get to know the truth much more easily. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$