Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题语法填空练习-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题语法填空练习 基础语篇巩固练 （23-24八年级上·湖南怀化·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sam got an e-mail from his friend Rosa. Rosa asked 1 (he) to her birthday party on Sunday afternoon. Sam was happy 2 (get) the invitation (邀请), but it also made him worried, because he only had a few dollars. That was not enough to buy a good birthday gift. And Sam’s father 3 (lose) his job last month, so it wasn’t a good time to ask his parents for help. Sam 4 (go) to study in the library that day. There was a book sale in the library. The books were all from the library. They were old but very cheap. Sam saw two books. They were about how to cook traditional food. Sam knew Rosa was good 5 cooking, but would it be bad to use old books as a birthday gift? Well, it was 6 (good) than no gifts at all! On Sunday, Sam packed the two books and went to 7 (Rosa) party. He had a good time at the party, 8 still worried about his gift. The next day, he got an e-mail from Rosa. It said, “Of all the 9 (gift), yours was the nicest. Thank you for being such 10 wonderful friend!” 【答案】 1．him　 2．to get 3．lost　 4．went 5．at 6．better 7．Rosa’s 8．but 9．gifts 10．a 【导语】本文讲述了萨姆应邀参加罗莎的生日派对，但是他没有足够的钱买礼物。他从图书馆买了两本降价处理的烹饪书送给罗莎，她很喜欢这两本书。 1．句意：罗莎邀请他参加她周日下午的生日聚会。空处缺宾语，此处用代词宾格形式him，意为“他”。故填him。 2．句意：萨姆很高兴收到邀请，但这也让他很担心，因为他只有几美元。be happy to do sth.意为“开心做某事”，固定词组。故填to get。 3．句意：萨姆的父亲上个月失业了，所以这不是向他父母求助的好时机。根据时间状语“last month”可知，事情发生在过去，此处谓语动词用其过去式lost。故填lost。 4．句意：那天萨姆去图书馆学习了。根据“that day”可知，事情发生在过去，此处用动词过去式went。故填went。 5．句意：山姆知道罗莎擅长烹饪，但用旧书作为生日礼物会不会不好？be good at意为“擅长”，固定词组。故填at。 6．句意：嗯，总比没有礼物好！根据“than”可知，此处用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。 7．句意：星期天，萨姆收拾好两本书，去参加罗莎的聚会。此处指的是罗莎的聚会，应该用名词所有格Rosa’s。故填Rosa’s。 8．句意：他在晚会上玩得很开心，但仍然担心他的礼物。此处表示转折，应该用转折词but，意为“但是”。故填but。 9．句意：在所有礼物中，你的是最好的。all修饰可数名词复数形式，gift的复数形式为gifts，意为“礼物”。故填gifts。 10．句意：谢谢你成为我这么好的朋友！空处表示泛指一个好朋友，wonderful以辅音音素开头，应该用不定冠词a。故填a。 （22-23八年级上·山东枣庄·期末）语法填空  阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。 My hometown is a small town. It is in the southern part 1 Shandong Province. I left my hometown 2 (work) in Singapore 15 years ago. But I have not been back home for almost ten years. Last month I came back to my hometown with my family. What I saw 3 (great) surprised me. Great changes 4 (take) place in the past ten years. The environment is getting 5 (beautiful) than before. The streets are wider and cleaner. There are trees and flowers everywhere. In the past, people used to 6 (travel) by bike. Now they take buses or drive cars. I’m sure transportation 7 (be) better in the future. When I got home, my parents 8 (wait) for me at home. Then they told me a lot of the 9 (change) in my hometown. I can’t imagine 10 my hometown will be like in another ten years’ time. 【答案】 1．of 2．to work 3．greatly 4．have taken 5．more beautiful 6．travel 7．will be 8．were waiting 9．changes 10．what 【导语】本文主要写了作者的家乡发生了巨大的变化，环境变得更加美丽，街道更宽更干净，人们的交通方式也发生了改变。作者回到家乡后，父母告诉他关于家乡的变化，他无法想象未来十年家乡会变成什么样子。 1．句意：它在山东省南部。of表示“……的”，表所属关系。故填of。 2．句意：15年前我离开家乡去新加坡工作。work表示“工作”，该处要用不定式表示目的。故填to work。 3．句意：我所看到的令人非常震惊。该处要用副词来修饰动词surprised。great的副词形式是greatly。故填greatly。 4．句意：在过去10年间我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。in the past ten years表示“在过去10年间”，用于现在完成时，主语是复数changes，助动词用have，take place表示“发生”。故填have taken。 5．句意：环境变得比以前更美丽。than before表示“比以前”，用于比较级。beautiful的比较级形式是more beautiful，故填more beautiful。 6．句意：过去人们常常骑自行车出行。used to do表示“过去常常做某事”。故填travel。 7．句意：我确信未来的交通会更好。in the future表示“在未来”，用于一般将来时。故填will be。 8．句意：当我到家时，我的父母正在家等我。根据时态一致原则可知此处用过去时，根据句意可知此处用进行时，主语是复数parents。故填were waiting。 9．句意：然后他们告诉我家乡的很多变化。change表示“变化”，在该处中是名词，根据前面有a lot of可知此处用复数。故填changes。 10．句意：我无法想象未来十年家乡会变成什么样子。imagine后面是what引导的宾语从句，what作like的宾语。故填what。 （23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。 It was a cold and dark evening when I first met Ruby. On the way home, my daughter and I saw a homeless puppy 1 (lie) there alone. My daughter told me that she wanted 2 (save) the poor dog. When this little dog saw us coming closer, she quickly sat back on her place where she stayed before, trying to let us 3 (know) what a good girl she was. So we kept the little Ruby, and she 4 (move) into our house. Every day, my daughter shared some 5 (dish) with her. Soon she got along well with us. One day in the second spring, my daughter ran along the road. 6 (lucky), she got lost. Before long, Ruby ran back, 7 (scream) and forcing me to follow her. Finally I found my daughter. She was hurt. At that moment, I was touched by the dog. She was 8 (smart) and more lovely than I had thought. I decided to buy some delicious food for 9 (she) after my daughter recovered (康复). Now Ruby 10 (act) as an important member in our family. I can’t imagine our family without this dog. 【答案】 1．lying 2．to save 3．know 4．moved 5．dishes 6．Unluckily 7．screaming 8．smarter 9．her 10．acts 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和女儿收留了流浪狗Ruby，后来Ruby带领作者找到了迷路的女儿，展现了它在家中的重要性。 1．句意：在回家的路上，我和女儿看到一只无家可归的小狗孤零零地躺在那里。根据“my daughter and I saw a homeless puppy ... there alone.”可知，我和女儿看到小狗时，它正躺在那里。“see sb./sth. doing sth.”意为“看见某人/某物正在做某事”，需填入lie的现在分词形式。故填lying。 2．句意：我女儿告诉我她想救那只可怜的狗。根据“she wanted ... the poor dog”可知，“want to do sth.”意为“想要做某事”，需填入动词不定式。故填to save。 3．句意：当这只小狗看到我们走近时，她迅速坐回之前待着的地方，试图让我们知道她是一只多么乖巧的狗狗。根据“trying to let us ... what a good girl she was”可知，“let sb. do sth.”意为“让某人做某事”，需填入动词原形。故填know。 4．句意：所以我们留下了小Ruby，她搬到了我们家。根据“So we kept the little Ruby, and she ... into our house.”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填moved。 5．句意：每天，我女儿都和她分享一些食物。根据“Every day, my daughter shared some ... with her.”可知，dish在句中意为“菜肴；一盘食物”，是可数名词，位于some后，要用复数形式。故填dishes。 6．句意：不幸的是，她迷路了。根据“..., she got lost”可知，她迷路了，这是不幸的，需填入副词修饰整个句子，unluckily意为“不幸地”，符合语境。故填Unluckily。 7．句意：没过多久，Ruby就跑了回来，高声叫着并逼着我跟着她。根据“Ruby ran back, ... and forcing me to follow her.”可知，主语Ruby与动词scream之间是主动关系，且填入的词与forcing并列，描述Ruby跑回来时伴随的动作，用现在分词表伴随状态。故填screaming。 8．句意：她比我想象的更聪明、更可爱。根据“She was ... and more lovely than I had thought.”可知，填入的词和more lovely并列，要用比较级。故填smarter。 9．句意：我决定等女儿康复后给Ruby买些好吃的。根据“I decided to buy some delicious food for ...”可知，介词for后跟宾格，she的宾格是her。故填her。 10．句意：现在Ruby在我们家充当着重要的一员。根据“Now Ruby ... as an important member in our family.”可知，该句时态为一般现在时，主语Ruby是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填acts。 （24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期中）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文连贯、通顺。 I used to feel 1 (hope) and sad. Last year, my mother became badly ill. I had no idea what I could do to help her. Last month I 2 (lose) a watch. It was my 3 (twelve) birthday gift from my father. I felt terrible about the loss. There have been many things like these in my life. I could never know what to do with such bad things before I read If You Have a Lemon, Make Lemonade (柠檬水) by an 4 (America) writer. When the 5 (humour) man is handed a lemon, he says, “How can I make my situation (形势) good? How can I turn this lemon into lemonade?” I suddenly understand that life is 6 (full) with ups and downs. I need to stay positive (乐观的) all the time.When my mother was fighting against her illness. I should hold her hands in 7 (I), and tell her things would get greater than before, instead of hiding and crying. Weeks ago, I took part in a singing competition . I didn’t win a prize (奖). If I had not read this article, I would have felt terrible again. But this time, I smiled after it. I think that at 8 (little) I had got some experience (经验). Life is not just a bed of roses. There 9 (be) thorns (刺) too. And these thorns help us become brave and strong. If life gives you a lemon, _________ you please 10 (try) to make lemonade? 【答案】 1．hopeless 2．lost 3．twelfth 4．American 5．humorous 6．filled 7．mine 8．least 9．are 10．will try 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者起初因为生活中的不如意而感到沮丧和消极，后来读了《如果你有一个柠檬，就做成柠檬水》，受到启发后，开始积极面对生活。 1．句意：我过去常常感到绝望和悲伤。此空位于“feel”后作表语，应用形容词，并且在含义上和“sad”并列，因此应用hopeless“绝望的”。故填hopeless。 2．句意：上个月，我丢了一块表。根据“Last month”可知此句为一般过去时，动词“lose”需变为过去式“lost”。故填lost。 3．句意：那是我十二岁生日时我父亲送我的礼物。此空修饰单数名词“birthday”，表示顺序，应用“twelve”的序数词twelfth“第十二”。故填twelfth。 4．句意：我在读一位美国作家写的《如果你有一个柠檬，就做成柠檬水》之前，我不知道该如何处理如此不好的事情。此空修饰名词“writer”，应用“America”的形容词American“美国的”。故填American。 5．句意：当那个幽默的人拿着一个柠檬时，他说：“我如何能把我的形势变好呢？我怎样能把柠檬变成柠檬水？”此空修饰后面的名词“man”，应用“homour”的形容词humorous“幽默的”。故填humorous。 6．句意：我突然明白生活是充满起伏的。根据“life is…with ups and downs”可知此处应用“filled”，be filled with“充满”。故填filled。 7．句意：我应该握住她的手，告诉她事情比以前更好了，而不是躲避和哭泣。根据“I should hold her hands in…”可知此处指把妈妈的手放到我的手里，空后没有名词，应用“I”对应的名词性物主代词mine“我的”。故填mine。 8．句意：我认为至少我得到了一些经验。根据“at…I had got some experience”可知此处应用“little”的最高级“least”，at least“至少”。故填least。 9．句意：也有刺。此空后主语“thorns”是复数，因此be动词应用“are”。故填are。 10．句意：如果生活给了你一个柠檬，你会设法把它变成柠檬水吗？此句是“If”引导的条件状语从句，时态应遵循“主将从现”，主句应用一般将来时，因此变为一般疑问句应把“will”提前，动词用原形。故填will try。 （23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）根据短文内容，用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整。 Danny isn’t strong or tall. He is 1 (thin) kid of all the boys around. So his friends call him Bones. He talks more and laughs louder than anyone else, but he is truly 2 (happy), because he is not good at sports. One day, Danny 3 (watch) the men’s marathon on TV. The runners needn’t go fast and they ran on and on. They didn’t have big muscles (肌肉). They were more like Danny. He decided 4 (have) a try. “Boy, it’s better to do a little bit each day.” said his mother. The next day, Danny started his practice, and he kept on 5 (train) in the park every morning. When race day came, there were 109 runners and they were all 6 (heavy) than Danny. They all started to run. Although Danny tried to catch up with 7 (they), he couldn’t. Halfway someone got tired. Danny passed a big runner with muscles. 8 (Sudden), he felt like he was a switch (开关) that had been turned on. He passed another one, then a 9 (three) one. All the runners looked tired except Danny. He didn’t see the crowds (观众) until he heard their cheers. In the end, Danny 10 (win) the marathon. He raised his two arms as he crossed the ending line. 【答案】 1．the thinnest 2．unhappy 3．watched 4．to have 5．training 6．heavier 7．them 8．Suddenly 9．third 10．won 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了丹尼克服自身的弱点，成功赢得马拉松比赛的故事。 1．句意：他是周围所有男孩中最瘦的一个。根据“of all the boys around”可知，此处是三者以上的比较，用最高级，thin表示“瘦的”，其最高级是thinnest，最高级前加定冠词the。故填the thinnest。 2．句意：他说得比任何人都多，笑得比任何人都响亮，但他真的不开心，因为他不擅长运动。根据“because he is not good at sports.”可知他不擅长运动，所以是不开心，unhappy“不开心的”，形容词作表语。故填unhappy。 3．句意：一天，丹尼在电视上看男子马拉松比赛。根据“One day...”可知，此处表示发生在过去的事情，本句用一般过去时，watch的过去式是watched。故填watched。 4．句意：他决定去试一试。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”。故填to have。 5．句意：第二天，丹尼开始练习，每天早上他都在公园里继续训练。keep on doing sth.“继续做某事”。故填training。 6．句意：当比赛日到来时，有109名选手，他们都比丹尼重。根据“than”可知此处用比较级heavier“更重”。故填heavier。 7．句意：尽管丹尼试图赶上他们，但他做不到。作介词with的宾语用代词宾格them。故填them。 8．句意：突然，他觉得自己就像一个被打开的开关。此处修饰整个句子用副词suddenly“突然”。故填Suddenly。 9．句意：他又通过了一个，然后又一个。此处表示又超过一个，用结构“a+序数词+名词”，表示“又一个……”，third“第三”。故填third。 10．句意：最后，丹尼赢得了马拉松。根据“raised”可知，此处是一般过去时，win表示“赢得”，其过去式是won。故填won。 （22-23八年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 We are all proud of our country — China. People from home and abroad are all surprised at China’s progress. 1 October 1st, 2019, China held its largest military parade (阅兵仪式) in Tiananmen Square. It was really 2 (amazed). Looking back at the past, the great changes have taken place in China. Many people died because of 3 (hungry) and wars in the past. Most people lived a hard life. About five to seven people ever lived in a small house. Children couldn’t have 4 (they) own rooms and the younger seldom had new clothes. People had little money to see a doctor. And there were few hospitals. 5 , in 1978, China carried out the reform and opening-up policy (政策). It was 6 important turning point for Chinese people. China has developed rapidly since then. Now, people’s life is much 7 (good). More people begin to have a happy life 8 the country tries its best to help poor areas. China also 9 (pay) great attention to compulsory (义务) education. I think it is important 10 (remember) the past, live in the present and dream about the future. 【答案】 1．On 2．amazing 3．hunger 4．their 5．However 6．an 7．better 8．because 9．pays 10．to remember 【导语】本文主要介绍了改革开放政策给中国带来的变化。 1．句意：2019年10月1日，中国在天安门广场举行了最盛大的阅兵仪式。根据“October 1st, 2019”可知，此处指具体的某一天，应用介词on，句首首字母大写。故填On。 2．句意：这是令人震惊的。主语it代指”阅兵仪式”，因此用形容词amazing“令人惊叹的”作表语。故填amazing。 3．句意：在过去，很多人死于饥饿和战争。because of后跟名词，hunger“饥饿”，不可数名词。故填hunger。 4．句意：孩子们不能拥有自己的房间，年纪较小的孩子很少有新衣服。根据“own rooms”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”作定语。故填their。 5．句意：然而，1978年，中国实行改革开放政策。根据上下文可知，此处是表转折关系，且空后由逗号，用however表示“然而”，位于句首首字母大写。故填However。 6．句意：这是中国人的重要转折点。根据“turning point”可知，此处用不定冠词表示泛指，important是以元音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．句意：现在人们的生活更好了。根据“much”可知，用比较级better表示“更好的”。故填better。 8．句意：更多的人开始过上幸福的生活，因为国家尽力帮助贫困地区。根据“More people begin to have a happy life”和“the country tries its best to help poor areas.”可知，两者是因果关系，前者是果，后者是因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 9．句意：中国也非常重视义务教育。pay attention to“关注”，固定短语，本句时态是一般现在时，主语是China，因此谓语用三单。故填pays。 10．句意：我认为重要的是记住过去，活在当下，梦想未来。it is+形容词+to do sth“做某事是怎么样的”，固定句型，it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。故填to remember。 （22-23八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Last week, my father and I went to Zibo in Shandong to try Zibo barbecue (烧烤). Recently, the local food 1 (become) so popular that people all over China travel there to taste it. On the way to Zibo, my father told me a story. Last year, during the COVID-19 pandemic (疫情), 2 (thousand) of college students were stuck in Zibo. The local government helped students to get through that period and offered a great barbecue dinner. When the quarantine (隔离) was over, the government officers also invited the students 3 (come) back to Zibo again when spring came. I 4 (move) when I heard this. At 5 p.m., we arrived at the restaurant. There are some differences between Zibo’s barbecue and the ones in other 5 (city). Zibo’s barbecue restaurants have a small grill (烤架) on each table. People need to cook on the grill by 6 (they). When the food is ready, you put it onto a small pancake, and then add scallions (葱) and sauce before 7 (eat). People in the restaurant didn’t know each other before. But we just talked 8 (natural) about daily life and sang together. After eating the delicious food, I 9 (keep) thinking about why Zibo became popular. Is it the promise (承诺) between the government and the college 10 (student), or the special, tasty food, or the friendly people? 【答案】 1．has become 2．thousands 3．to come 4．was moved 5．cities 6．themselves 7．eating 8．naturally 9．kept 10．students 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和父亲到淄博吃烧烤的所见所闻。 1．句意：最近，当地的食物变得如此受欢迎，以至于全中国的人都去那里品尝。become“变得”，动词，又结合语境可知，此处指淄博烧烤已经变得很受欢迎，应用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响，其结构为“have/has done”，该句主语“the local food”为单数名词，助动词应用has。故填has become。 2．句意：去年，在新冠肺炎大流行期间，数千名大学生被困在淄博。thousand“千”，数词，又根据“…of college students”可知，此处指“成千上万名大学生”，应用其名词复数形式与之搭配，thousands of“成千上万的”符合语境。故填thousands。 3．句意：隔离结束后，政府官员还邀请学生们在春天到来的时候再来淄博。come“来”，动词，该句考查“invited sb. to do”，应用其不定式搭配，表示“邀请某人做某事”。故填to come。 4．句意：当我听到这句话时，我很感动。move“使感动”，动词，又根据前文描述可知，此处指作者对政府邀请学生们来淄博这件事很感动，应用其形容词形式moved表示“感动的”，全文描述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，且主语为I，be动词应用was。故填was moved。 5．句意：淄博的烧烤和其他城市的有一些不同。city“城市”，名词，又根据“the ones in other…”可知，此处指“其他的一些城市”，应用其名词复数形式表泛指。故填cities。 6．句意：人们需要自己在烤架上做饭。they“他们”，代词，又根据“by…”可知，此处指“靠他们自己”，应用其对应的反身代词。故填themselves。 7．句意：当食物准备好时，你把它放在一个小煎饼上，然后在吃之前加入葱和酱汁。eat“吃”，动词，又根据介词“before…”可知，此处应用其动名词形式作宾语，指“在吃之前”。故填eating。 8．句意：但我们只是自然地谈论日常生活，一起唱歌。natual“自然的”，形容词，该句结构完整，应用其副词修饰动词“talk about”，意为“自然地”。故填naturally。 9．句意：吃完美味的食物后，我一直在想淄博为什么会这么受欢迎。keep“保持”，动词，本文时态为一般过去时，此处应用其过去式kept作谓语，表示过去发生的动作。故填kept。 10．句意：是政府和大学生之间的承诺，还是特别的、美味的食物，还是友好的人？student“学生”，名词，又根据第二段“The local government helped students to get through that period and offered a great barbecue dinner.”及最后一段“between the government and the college…”可知，此处表示“大学生们”，应用其名词复数形式表泛指。故填students。 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填写单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 When I was a child, I loved to visit my 605 (grandparent) farm. There was always something new to do, to see and to enjoy. One day, I together with my brothers and sisters went to the farm 606 (celebrate) my birthday. We all liked eating strawberries and we went to pick 607 (they). We each took a basket. But I was lazy. I took the 608 (small) basket. While the others were picking strawberries, I had a rest. Before 609 (return), I put a lot of grass in my basket and then I put only a few strawberries on the top. The basket looked full. My grandfather said he was proud of my hard work. The next morning my grandmother made many pies. There was a big pie which was made just for me. It looked nice! But when I 610 (begin) to eat it, I found there was nothing but some grass under the top strawberries! You can guess how 611 (surprise) I was. My grandmother looked at me and said 612 (angry), “When you cheat others, in fact, you cheat 613 (you).” She didn’t need to say anything more, but she 1 (teach) me a good lesson. 【答案】 1．grandparents’ 2．to celebrate 3．them 4．smallest 5．returning 6．began 7．surprised 8．angrily 9．yourself 10．taught 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在农场上用草欺骗奶奶，结果他从奶奶那里得到了一个教训：当你欺骗别人的时候，你也欺骗了自己。 1．句意：在我小的时候，我喜欢去我爷爷奶奶的农场。farm为名词，此处应用grandparent的名词所有格表示所属关系，且grandparent用其复数形式。故填grandparents’。 2．句意：有一天，我和兄弟姐妹一起去农场庆祝我的生日。根据“my birthday”可知去农场是为了庆祝生日，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to celebrate。 3．句意：我们都喜欢吃草莓，我们去摘它们。作pick的宾语用代词宾格them“它们”，代指草莓。故填them。 4．句意：我拿了最小的篮子。small“小的”，由语境可知，作者为了偷懒，拿了一个最小的篮子，定冠词the后加形容词最高级。故填smallest。 5．句意：在回来之前，我在篮子里放了很多草，然后在上面放了一些草莓。before doing sth“在做某事之前”。故填returning。 6．句意：但是当我开始吃的时候，我发现上面的草莓下面除了一些草什么都没有！根据“I found”可知when引导的时间状语从句也应用一般过去时，谓语用动词的过去式。故填began。 7．句意：你可以猜到我有多惊讶。guess为动词，后接how引导的宾语从句，且为how引导的感叹句，根据“I was”可知此处应用形容词surprised表示“感到惊讶的”，作表语。故填surprised。 8．句意：我的奶奶生气地看着我说：“当你欺骗别人的时候，其实，你是在欺骗你自己。”looked和said都是动词，应用angry的副词angrily修饰动词。故填angrily。 9．句意：当你欺骗别人的时候，其实，你是在欺骗你自己。主语为you，此处用反身代词yourself，指代“你自己”。故填yourself。 10．句意：她不需要多说，但是她给我上了很好的一课。根据“didn’t need to say anything more”可知句子采用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填taught。 重难语篇拔高练 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Rugao is a modern town now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the 3 (south) part of town. Most people are used to travelling 4 business by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with pollution. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter carelessly in public, they will be punished. As a result, there is less 8 (pollute) in rivers now. People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Rugao believe that if they work together, they can surely make Rugao a better place. 【答案】 1．have taken 2．live 3．southern 4．on 5．themselves 6．dropped 7．factories 8．pollution 9．to help 10．more meaningful 【导语】本文讲述了如皋的一些重大变化，包括居住条件、交通、环境和人们。 1．句意：这些年来发生许多巨大的变化，包括居住条件、交通、环境和人们。根据后面“over the past few years”可知，表示过去某个时刻持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时。句式：主语+have/has done，根据主语changes是复数。故填have taken。 2．句意：当地的人们以前住在老房子里。used to do sth.过去常常做某事。故填live。 3．句意：现在他们中的大多数人都搬进了新公寓，而且在城镇的南部有一个高铁站。根据后面part是名词，可知此处用形容词形式。故填southern。 4．句意：大多数的人习惯乘坐高铁出差。on business出差，为固定搭配。故填on。 5．句意：在一天的辛苦工作之后，人们经常去那里放松自己。根据relax oneself放松自己，可知此处用反身代词。故填themselves。 6．句意：在过去，人们到处乱扔垃圾。根据In the past（在过去）可知，此处用动词的一般过去式。故填dropped。 7．句意：来自工厂的废物被排入河流里。此处不止一家工厂，factory工厂，其复数形式为factories。故填factories。 8．句意：现在河流中的污染越来越少。less后接名词，pollute污染，其名词形式为pollution。故填pollution。 9．句意：他和他的同学经常讨论如何帮助有需要的人。“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。故填to help。 10．句意：他认为现在他的生活比之前有意义的多。根据前文“Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. ”可知，他现在感觉生活更有意义，is后接形容词，此处是将现在的生活与之前对比，用比较级。meaningful有意义的，比较级形式为more meaningful。故填more meaningful。 （22-23八年级下·江苏·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。 At the 1 (begin) of the 20th century, there was a successful American shoe-making company. Due to market changes, the sales of the company went down 2 (quick). The boss was worried about this, so he 3 (hold) a meeting to discuss this problem. A new business strategy (策略) was planned—opening new markets abroad. He decided to send the two best salesmen in his company to Africa to do a survey first. Both salesmen left for Africa 4 boat, but they went to different countries. Within a month, the first salesman finished his survey of the African market. He made a call 5 the boss, telling 6 (he) that the African market for shoe sales was null (空白的). He said, “Boss, it is bad news. The weather here is so hot. People all go barefoot. No one wears any shoes. There is no market for us here! We are not going to be able to sell a single pair of 7 in Africa!” The salesman sounded pretty sad. After a few days, the second salesman called the boss. He was quite 8 (excite) and said, “Boss, good news. It’s a fantastic place and a great business opportunity (商机) for us. No one here wears shoes. No one sells shoes. There is a huge potential (潜力的) market for us. We are going to sell 9 (thousand) of pairs and make a lot of money. All we need to do is to educate them on the advantages and 10 (important) of wearing shoes on the hot road.” 【答案】 1．beginning 2．quickly 3．held 4．by 5．to 6．him 7．shoes 8．excited 9．thousands 10．importance 【导语】本文介绍制鞋公司的两位销售人员对于非洲市场的不同观点。 1．句意：20世纪初，有一家成功的美国制鞋公司。at the beginning of“在……的开始”，固定搭配。故填beginning。 2．句意：由于市场变化，公司的销售额迅速下降。此处修饰动词，应该用副词quickly。故填quickly。 3．句意：老板对此很担心，于是开会讨论这个问题。根据“The boss was worried about this”可知，句子为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填held。 4．句意：两个推销员都乘船去了非洲，但是他们去了不同的国家。by boat“乘船”，固定搭配。故填by。 5．句意：他打电话给老板，告诉他非洲的鞋销售市场是空白的。make a call to sb“给某人打电话”。故填to。 6．句意：他打电话给老板，告诉他非洲的鞋销售市场是空白的。此处使用人称代词指代前面的boss，动词后人称代词用宾格。故填him。 7．句意：我们在非洲一双鞋都卖不出去！根据“No one wears any shoes”可知，此处指的是卖鞋，故填shoes。 8．句意：他相当兴奋地说。此处使用形容词作表语，修饰人用excited。故填excited。 9．句意：我们要卖出成千上万双鞋，赚很多钱。thousands of“成千上万的”。故填thousands。 10．句意：我们需要做的就是教育他们在炎热的道路上穿鞋的好处和重要性。根据“of”可知，此处应该用名词，important的名词为importance“重要性”。故填importance。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题语法填空练习 基础语篇巩固练 （23-24八年级上·湖南怀化·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sam got an e-mail from his friend Rosa. Rosa asked 1 (he) to her birthday party on Sunday afternoon. Sam was happy 2 (get) the invitation (邀请), but it also made him worried, because he only had a few dollars. That was not enough to buy a good birthday gift. And Sam’s father 3 (lose) his job last month, so it wasn’t a good time to ask his parents for help. Sam 4 (go) to study in the library that day. There was a book sale in the library. The books were all from the library. They were old but very cheap. Sam saw two books. They were about how to cook traditional food. Sam knew Rosa was good 5 cooking, but would it be bad to use old books as a birthday gift? Well, it was 6 (good) than no gifts at all! On Sunday, Sam packed the two books and went to 7 (Rosa) party. He had a good time at the party, 8 still worried about his gift. The next day, he got an e-mail from Rosa. It said, “Of all the 9 (gift), yours was the nicest. Thank you for being such 10 wonderful friend!” （22-23八年级上·山东枣庄·期末）语法填空  阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。 My hometown is a small town. It is in the southern part 1 Shandong Province. I left my hometown 2 (work) in Singapore 15 years ago. But I have not been back home for almost ten years. Last month I came back to my hometown with my family. What I saw 3 (great) surprised me. Great changes 4 (take) place in the past ten years. The environment is getting 5 (beautiful) than before. The streets are wider and cleaner. There are trees and flowers everywhere. In the past, people used to 6 (travel) by bike. Now they take buses or drive cars. I’m sure transportation 7 (be) better in the future. When I got home, my parents 8 (wait) for me at home. Then they told me a lot of the 9 (change) in my hometown. I can’t imagine 10 my hometown will be like in another ten years’ time. （23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整。 It was a cold and dark evening when I first met Ruby. On the way home, my daughter and I saw a homeless puppy 1 (lie) there alone. My daughter told me that she wanted 2 (save) the poor dog. When this little dog saw us coming closer, she quickly sat back on her place where she stayed before, trying to let us 3 (know) what a good girl she was. So we kept the little Ruby, and she 4 (move) into our house. Every day, my daughter shared some 5 (dish) with her. Soon she got along well with us. One day in the second spring, my daughter ran along the road. 6 (lucky), she got lost. Before long, Ruby ran back, 7 (scream) and forcing me to follow her. Finally I found my daughter. She was hurt. At that moment, I was touched by the dog. She was 8 (smart) and more lovely than I had thought. I decided to buy some delicious food for 9 (she) after my daughter recovered (康复). Now Ruby 10 (act) as an important member in our family. I can’t imagine our family without this dog. （24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期中）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文连贯、通顺。 I used to feel 1 (hope) and sad. Last year, my mother became badly ill. I had no idea what I could do to help her. Last month I 2 (lose) a watch. It was my 3 (twelve) birthday gift from my father. I felt terrible about the loss. There have been many things like these in my life. I could never know what to do with such bad things before I read If You Have a Lemon, Make Lemonade (柠檬水) by an 4 (America) writer. When the 5 (humour) man is handed a lemon, he says, “How can I make my situation (形势) good? How can I turn this lemon into lemonade?” I suddenly understand that life is 6 (full) with ups and downs. I need to stay positive (乐观的) all the time.When my mother was fighting against her illness. I should hold her hands in 7 (I), and tell her things would get greater than before, instead of hiding and crying. Weeks ago, I took part in a singing competition . I didn’t win a prize (奖). If I had not read this article, I would have felt terrible again. But this time, I smiled after it. I think that at 8 (little) I had got some experience (经验). Life is not just a bed of roses. There 9 (be) thorns (刺) too. And these thorns help us become brave and strong. If life gives you a lemon, _________ you please 10 (try) to make lemonade? （23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）根据短文内容，用括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整。 Danny isn’t strong or tall. He is 1 (thin) kid of all the boys around. So his friends call him Bones. He talks more and laughs louder than anyone else, but he is truly 2 (happy), because he is not good at sports. One day, Danny 3 (watch) the men’s marathon on TV. The runners needn’t go fast and they ran on and on. They didn’t have big muscles (肌肉). They were more like Danny. He decided 4 (have) a try. “Boy, it’s better to do a little bit each day.” said his mother. The next day, Danny started his practice, and he kept on 5 (train) in the park every morning. When race day came, there were 109 runners and they were all 6 (heavy) than Danny. They all started to run. Although Danny tried to catch up with 7 (they), he couldn’t. Halfway someone got tired. Danny passed a big runner with muscles. 8 (Sudden), he felt like he was a switch (开关) that had been turned on. He passed another one, then a 9 (three) one. All the runners looked tired except Danny. He didn’t see the crowds (观众) until he heard their cheers. In the end, Danny 10 (win) the marathon. He raised his two arms as he crossed the ending line. （22-23八年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面的短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 We are all proud of our country — China. People from home and abroad are all surprised at China’s progress. 1 October 1st, 2019, China held its largest military parade (阅兵仪式) in Tiananmen Square. It was really 2 (amazed). Looking back at the past, the great changes have taken place in China. Many people died because of 3 (hungry) and wars in the past. Most people lived a hard life. About five to seven people ever lived in a small house. Children couldn’t have 4 (they) own rooms and the younger seldom had new clothes. People had little money to see a doctor. And there were few hospitals. 5 , in 1978, China carried out the reform and opening-up policy (政策). It was 6 important turning point for Chinese people. China has developed rapidly since then. Now, people’s life is much 7 (good). More people begin to have a happy life 8 the country tries its best to help poor areas. China also 9 (pay) great attention to compulsory (义务) education. I think it is important 10 (remember) the past, live in the present and dream about the future. （22-23八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Last week, my father and I went to Zibo in Shandong to try Zibo barbecue (烧烤). Recently, the local food 1 (become) so popular that people all over China travel there to taste it. On the way to Zibo, my father told me a story. Last year, during the COVID-19 pandemic (疫情), 2 (thousand) of college students were stuck in Zibo. The local government helped students to get through that period and offered a great barbecue dinner. When the quarantine (隔离) was over, the government officers also invited the students 3 (come) back to Zibo again when spring came. I 4 (move) when I heard this. At 5 p.m., we arrived at the restaurant. There are some differences between Zibo’s barbecue and the ones in other 5 (city). Zibo’s barbecue restaurants have a small grill (烤架) on each table. People need to cook on the grill by 6 (they). When the food is ready, you put it onto a small pancake, and then add scallions (葱) and sauce before 7 (eat). People in the restaurant didn’t know each other before. But we just talked 8 (natural) about daily life and sang together. After eating the delicious food, I 9 (keep) thinking about why Zibo became popular. Is it the promise (承诺) between the government and the college 10 (student), or the special, tasty food, or the friendly people? （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填写单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 When I was a child, I loved to visit my 605 (grandparent) farm. There was always something new to do, to see and to enjoy. One day, I together with my brothers and sisters went to the farm 606 (celebrate) my birthday. We all liked eating strawberries and we went to pick 607 (they). We each took a basket. But I was lazy. I took the 608 (small) basket. While the others were picking strawberries, I had a rest. Before 609 (return), I put a lot of grass in my basket and then I put only a few strawberries on the top. The basket looked full. My grandfather said he was proud of my hard work. The next morning my grandmother made many pies. There was a big pie which was made just for me. It looked nice! But when I 610 (begin) to eat it, I found there was nothing but some grass under the top strawberries! You can guess how 611 (surprise) I was. My grandmother looked at me and said 612 (angry), “When you cheat others, in fact, you cheat 613 (you).” She didn’t need to say anything more, but she 1 (teach) me a good lesson. 重难语篇拔高练 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Rugao is a modern town now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years, including living conditions, transport, environment and people. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is a high-speed railway station in the 3 (south) part of town. Most people are used to travelling 4 business by high-speed railway. Moreover, the government has turned part of the town centre into a modern library. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with pollution. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter carelessly in public, they will be punished. As a result, there is less 8 (pollute) in rivers now. People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Daniel, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is much 10 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Rugao believe that if they work together, they can surely make Rugao a better place. （22-23八年级下·江苏·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。 At the 1 (begin) of the 20th century, there was a successful American shoe-making company. Due to market changes, the sales of the company went down 2 (quick). The boss was worried about this, so he 3 (hold) a meeting to discuss this problem. A new business strategy (策略) was planned—opening new markets abroad. He decided to send the two best salesmen in his company to Africa to do a survey first. Both salesmen left for Africa 4 boat, but they went to different countries. Within a month, the first salesman finished his survey of the African market. He made a call 5 the boss, telling 6 (he) that the African market for shoe sales was null (空白的). He said, “Boss, it is bad news. The weather here is so hot. People all go barefoot. No one wears any shoes. There is no market for us here! We are not going to be able to sell a single pair of 7 in Africa!” The salesman sounded pretty sad. After a few days, the second salesman called the boss. He was quite 8 (excite) and said, “Boss, good news. It’s a fantastic place and a great business opportunity (商机) for us. No one here wears shoes. No one sells shoes. There is a huge potential (潜力的) market for us. We are going to sell 9 (thousand) of pairs and make a lot of money. All we need to do is to educate them on the advantages and 10 (important) of wearing shoes on the hot road.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$