Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题短文首字母填空练习-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津译林版）

Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题短文首字母填空练习 基础语篇巩固练 （22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 My grandparents live in a small old town in the south part of Jiangsu. Many of its buildings have a history of three centuries. There are many old buildings and bridges. Thirty years ago, people there u 1 to live a quiet and peaceful life. There were few cars, few f 2 . And of course, little p 3 . But now the town has t 4 into a hot travel destination (目的地). It is not a quiet place any more. Every day, t 5 of tourists come into the town. The parking areas are always f 6 of cars and coaches. Tourists come to the town on holiday. They say it can help them relax themselves. But, can they r 7 enjoy a holiday in such a crowded (拥挤的) and n 8 town? Now, too many tourists have c 9 many problems. The biggest problem is that they have polluted the town. The rivers are dirty and the air is not so f 10 as before. Local people have more money, but is money so important? 【答案】 1．(u)sed 2．(f)actories 3．(p)ollution 4．(t)urned 5．(t)housands 6．(f)ull 7．(r)eally 8．(n)oisy 9．(c)aused 10．(f)resh 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者祖父母居住的小镇近些年来发生的变化。 1．句意：三十年前，那里的人们过着宁静祥和的生活。本句讲述过去人们的生活状态，used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。故填(u)sed。 2．句意：那里几乎没有汽车，也没有工厂。根据“live a quiet and peaceful life”并结合首字母f可知，factroy“工厂”符合语境，因其前修饰词为few，所以此处填写复数形式。故填(f)actories。 3．句意：当然，污染也很少。根据“few cars”及首字母p可知，此处指环境无污染。pollution“污染”，不可数名词。故填(p)ollution。 4．句意：但是现在这个小镇已经变成了热门的旅游目的地。根据has可知，本句时态为现在完成时。turn into“变成”，动词用过去分词形式。故填(t)urned。 5．句意：每天，成千上万的游客来到这个小镇。设空处形容游客数量多，结合首字母t可知，thousand符合语境，thousands of“成千上万的”。故填(t)housands。 6．句意：停车场总是充满了汽车和长途客车。be full of“充满”。故填(f)ull。 7．句意：但是，他们真的能在如此拥挤嘈杂的城镇上享受假期吗？设空处需用副词修饰动词，really“真正地”，符合语境。故填(r)eally。 8．句意：但是，他们真的能在如此拥挤嘈杂的城镇上享受假期吗？根据“It is not a quiet place any more.”可知，小镇目前环境嘈杂；noisy“吵闹的；嘈杂的”，形容词作定语。故填(n)oisy。 9．句意：现在，太多的游客已经造成了很多问题。根据have可知，本句时态为现在完成时；cause“导致”，动词应用过去分词形式。故填(c)aused。 10．句意：河流很脏，空气也不像以前那么新鲜了。fresh“新鲜的”，“not so+形容词原级+as”意为“不如；比不上”，所以此处填写形容词原级。故填(f)resh。 （22-23八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Some people still live in their hometown. H 1 , others may only see it once or twice a year. Now millions of Chinese leave the countryside to s 2 for work in the cities. Among these is Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father. He has lived in Beijing for the p 3 13 years. With a hard job in a factory, he doesn’t find much time to visit his hometown. “I used to r 4 home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for three years now,” he says. Many people like Zhong Wei are interested in how their hometown have c 5 . Besides large hospitals and new roads, the government has also built new schools and sent t 6 from the cities to help. Zhong Wei thinks such changes are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot s 7 the same. However, some things will n 8 change. “In my hometown, there was a big old tree outside the school. It is still there and has b 9 a symbol (象征) of the place. Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree. It was s 10 a happy childhood. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.” 【答案】 1．(H)owever 2．(s)earch 3．(p)ast 4．(r)eturn 5．(c)hanged 6．(t)eachers 7．(s)tay 8．(n)ever 9．(b)ecome 10．(s)uch 【导语】本文主要讲述有些人背井离乡，在外工作，没有时间回家乡，在这期间家乡发生了很大的变化。 1．句意：然而，其他人可能一年只能回家乡一两次。分析“Some people still live in their hometown...others may only see it once or twice a year.”可知，前后句是转折关系，空格处意为“然而”，however符合语境，句首首字母大写，故填(H)owever。 2．句意：现在数百万中国人离开农村到城市寻找工作。根据“leave the countryside to...for work in the cities”可知，此处表示离开乡村去城市找工作，search for意为“搜寻，寻找”，空前的to是动词不定式符号，其后接动词原形，故填(s)earch。 3．句意：过去13年他一直住在北京。根据“the...13 years”和首字母提示可知，此处表示过去的13年，past“过去的”符合语境，故填(p)ast。 4．句意：我过去每年至少回家一次，但现在我已经三年没回家了。根据“I used to...home at least once a year”和首字母提示可知，此处表示钟伟过去每年至少回家一次，动词return“返回”符合语境，结合短语used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”可知，空格处应填动词return的原形，故填(r)eturn。 5．句意：许多像钟伟一样的人对他们的家乡发生了怎样的变化很感兴趣。结合首字母提示和下文“Zhong Wei thinks such changes are good”可知，此处表示对他们的家乡发生了怎样的变化很感兴趣，动词change“变化”符合语境，空前的have是现在完成时的助动词，其后接动词过去分词，故填(c)hanged。 6．句意：除了大型医院和新道路之外，政府还建造了新学校，并从城市派遣教师前往帮助。根据首字母提示和“built new schools”可知，空格处意为“老师”，此处表示泛指，所以空格处应填名词teacher的复数形式，故填(t)eachers。 7．句意：钟伟认为这样的变化是好的，他也知道他的家乡不可能保持原样。根据“Zhong Wei thinks such changes are good”可知，此处表示钟伟知道他的家乡不可能保持原样，结合首字母提示，动词stay“保持”符合语境，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填(s)tay。 8．句意：然而，有些事情永远不会改变。根据下文“In my hometown, there was a big old tree outside the school. It is still there...”可知，钟伟家乡的那棵大树仍在原地，所以此处表示有些事情永远不会变，副词never“从不”符合语境，故填(n)ever。 9．句意：它仍然在那里，并已成为这个地方的象征。结合首字母提示和“has...a symbol (象征) of the place”可知，此处表示已成为这个地方的象征，动词become“变成”符合语境，空前的has是现在完成时的助动词，其后接动词过去分词，become的过去分词还是become，故填(b)ecome。 10．句意：那是一个如此快乐的童年。结合首字母提示和“a happy childhood”可知，空格处应填such修饰名词词组，表示一个如此快乐的童年。故填(s)uch。 （23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）首字母填空 In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us. The roads used to be n 1 and crowded (拥挤的). The houses were old and small. There was r 2 everywhere. And the air wasn’t f 3 enough. There was a paper factory near our school. They often put the w 4 into the river. Water pollution was also a big problem. Nowadays, our living c 5 have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It’s really easy for people to go out. We can choose different t 6 of transport to go anywhere. The g 7 has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have m 8 into big beautiful houses. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. The birds are singing h 9 . Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colorful flowers. Our country is becoming richer and s 10 . We are living a happy life. 【答案】 1．(n)arrow 2．(r)ubbish 3．(f)resh 4．(w)aste 5．(c)onditions 6．(t)ypes 7．(g)overnment 8．(m)oved 9．(h)appily 10．(s)tronger 【导语】本文从道路、交通、住房等几方面讲述家乡今昔的变化。过去道路狭窄、拥挤，房子又旧又小，到处是垃圾和水污染；现在道路宽阔整洁，人们出行方便，住在新房，蓝天白云，人们过着幸福的生活。 1． 句意：过去道路狭窄拥挤。该句中and连接相同词类的词，crowded为形容词，空格处也应为形容词。又根据首字母提示和“… and crowded. The houses were old and small”可知，此处描述过去道路的状况比较差，应用narrow表示“狭窄的”，符合语境。故填(n)arrow。 2．句意：到处都是垃圾。本段描述过去“肮乱差”的状况，根据首字母提示和“There was…everywhere”可知，此处指“垃圾无处不在”，应用不可数名词“rubbish垃圾”，符合语境。故填(r)ubbish。 3．句意：空气不够清新。根据“There was a paper factory near our school.”及上文提到“到处都是垃圾”的情况可推测，此处指“空气不够清新”。再结合首字母提示及“the air wasn’t … enough.”可知，此处缺形容词，应用“fresh新鲜的”。故填(f)resh。 4．句意：他们经常把废弃物排进河里。根据首字母提示及“put the … into …”可知，此处是指人们经常把“废弃物”排进河里，应用不可数名词“waste废弃物”。故填(w)aste。 5．句意：现在，我们的生活条件有了很大的改善。根据下文“The roads … transport … many tall buildings …”道路、交通、住房方面改善了很多，可推测此处是指“居住环境”得到了改善。结合首字母提示和“… have improved a lot”可知，此处缺名词复数形式，作主语，应用“conditions环境”。故填(c)onditions。 6．句意：我们可以选择不同的交通工具去任何地方。根据上文“It’s really easy for people to go out”人们出行方便可知，此处指“不同类型”的交通工具。结合首字母提示及“different …”可知，此处缺可数名词的复数形式，应用“types类型”。故填(t)ypes。 7．句意：政府还建造了许多高楼大厦。根据首字母提示及“… built many tall buildings”可知，此处指“政府”修建了高楼大厦，应用“government政府”。故填(g)overnment。 8．句意：我们大多数人都搬进了漂亮的大房子。根据“Most of us have … into big beautiful houses.”和首字母提示可知，此处指人们“搬进”新房里。该句为现在完成时，应用动词过去分词形式moved作谓语，“moved into搬进……”，符合语境。故填(m)oved。 9．句意：鸟儿在快乐地歌唱。根据首字母提示及上文“The sky is blue and the cloud is white”可知，此处指鸟儿“欢快地，高兴地”歌唱，应用副词“happily高兴地”。故填(h)appily。 10．句意：我们的国家正变得越来越富裕和强大。该句中and连接相同词类的词，richer为形容词的比较级，空格处也应为形容词比较级。全文描述了家乡的巨大变化，结合首字母提示和语境可知，此处应用形容词的比较级“stronger强大的”。故填(s)tronger。 （24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 The next day was also cold and grey. After the breakfast, Mr Brooke arrived with the carriage and it was time for Mrs March to l 1 . She kissed her d 2 one by one and said, “Keep busy, my dears, and never lose hope!” “Yes, Mother.” “Meg, look after your sisters. If you need help, ask Hannah or Mr Laurence. Jo, be patient and cheerful, and write to me often. Beth and Amy, help with the h 3 and be obedient.” “Yes, Mother! Don’t worry!” She got into the carriage and opened the window. “Goodbye, my dears!” She called as it drove away. The girls waved their hands cheerfully until the carriage turned the corner. Then, with s 4 faces and heavy hearts, they went back inside. “The house seems very empty now,” said Meg. “Our motto is ‘H 5 and keep busy’!”, said Jo brightly. She was trying to forget how sad she was f 6 . For a week the girls kept to their motto and worked h 7 . Then Jo got a bad cold and had to stay at home. She didn’t mind this at all b 8 she didn’t like going to Aunt March’s. She was happy to lie on the sofa all day with her books and medicine. Amy got b 9 with doing housework so she took out her pencils and drawing book again. Meg went to teach the King children every day, and sewed. She s 10 the rest of her time writing long letters to her mother and reading the letters from Mr Brooke. Only Beth continued to look after the house. She did her own jobs and her sister’s jobs, too. She never complained. 【答案】 1．(l)eave 2．(d)aughter 3．(h)ousework 4．(s)ad 5．(H)ope 6．(f)eeling 7．(h)ard 8．(b)ecause 9．(b)ored 10．(s)pent 【导语】本文节选自《小妇人》，主要讲述的是母亲临行前对孩子们的各种叮咛嘱托以及孩子们牢记母亲叮嘱认真生活的事情。 1．句意：早餐后，布鲁克先生驾着马车抵达，马奇夫人也该离开了。根据下文“‘Goodbye, my dears!’ She called as it drove away.”及首字母提示可知，此处是指马奇夫人要离开了，空前有不定式符号to，应用动词原形leave“离开”。故填(l)eave。 2．句意：她一一亲吻女儿，说道：“亲爱的，继续忙碌，永远不要失去希望！”。根据“She kissed her …one by one and said,”及首字母提示可知，此处是指一一吻别她的女儿，应用名词单数daughter表示“女儿”。故填(d)aughter。 3．句意：贝丝和艾米，帮忙做家务，要听话。根据“Beth and Amy, help with the …and be obedient.”及首字母提示可知，此处是指帮忙做家务，应用不可数名词housework表示“家务”。故填(h)ousework。 4．句意：然后，她们面带悲伤，心情沉重地回到了屋里。根据“Then, with …faces and heavy hearts, they went back inside.”及首字母提示可知，她们的母亲走了，所以她们感到悲伤，应用形容词sad“悲伤的”修饰名词faces。故填(s)ad。 5．句意：“我们的座右铭是‘怀有希望并保持忙碌’！”乔欢快地说道。根据前文“Keep busy, my dears, and never lose hope!”及首字母提示可知，乔重复着母亲说的话，保持忙碌和希望，结合and可知，此处应用动词原形hope“希望”，位于句首首字母大写。故填(H)ope。 6．句意：她试图忘记自己有多悲伤。根据“She was trying to forget how sad she was ….”及首字母提示可知，此处是指感受到悲伤，时态为过去进行时，应用动词ing形式feeling表示“感受”。故填(f)eeling。 7．句意：一周来，女孩们恪守她们的座右铭，努力工作。根据“For a week the girls kept to their motto and worked ….”及首字母提示可知，努力工作，应用副词hard“努力地”修饰动词worked。故填(h)ard。 8．句意：她对此一点也不介意，因为她不喜欢去马奇姨妈家。根据“She didn’t mind this at all …she didn’t like going to Aunt March’s.”及首字母提示可知，前半句讲述了结果，后半句讲述原因，应用连词because“因为”来连接。故填(b)ecause。 9．句意：艾米厌倦了做家务，于是她又拿出了铅笔和画本。根据“Amy got …with doing housework so she took out her pencils”及首字母提示可知，厌倦了做家务，固定短语get bored with doing sth“厌倦做某事”。故填(b)ored。 10．句意：剩下的时间她都给母亲写长信，并阅读布鲁克先生的信。根据“She …the rest of her time writing long letters to her mother”及首字母提示可知，此处为固定短语spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，时态为一般过去时，应用动词过去式spent。故填(s)pent。 （23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 One morning, when I was on my way to school, Papa c 1 me and took me up the river in a boat. We found an old log cabin (小木屋) in the woods and this became my new home. Papa kept me with him all the t 2 so I didn’t have a chance to escape. But I didn’t m 3 staying in the woods because we went hunting and fishing every day and I enjoyed that. Sometimes he left me in the cabin, l 4 the door and went to the town to buy provisions (生活必需品). When he came home two or three days l 5 , he always beat me with his stick. Then I got t 6 of the beatings and I began to think about getting away. Once before going to the town, he gave me his gun. “If a 7 tries to get into the cabin, use it!” he said. That gave me an idea. I went into the woods to kill a pig and took it b 8 to the cabin. I let its blood fall on the floor. I pulled out some of my hair, m 9 it with the pig’s blood and put it on an axe (斧头). F 10 , I put the pig’s body into a sack (大袋子) and dragged (拉，拽) it to the river and threw it in. I was very proud of my plan! “Papa will think that someone has killed me when he sees the blood and the axe. He won’t look for me,” I thought and smiled to myself. 【答案】 1．(c)aught 2．(t)ime 3．(m)ind 4．(l)ocked 5．(l)ater 6．(t)ired 7．(a)nyone 8．(b)ack 9．(m)ixed 10．(F)inally 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的爸爸把作者关在森林的小木屋里，但是作者厌烦了待在这个木屋里，一直想办法逃走的故事。 1．句意：一天早上，当我在上学的路上时，爸爸抓住我，用一艘船带我沿河而上。根据“Papa …me and took me up the river in a boat.”可知，时态为一般过去时，结合句意和首字母可知，此处应该填入caught，catch的过去式，意为“抓住”符合语境。故填(c)aught。 2．句意：爸爸一直把我带在身边，所以我没有机会逃跑。根据横线前“Papa kept me with him all the”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应该填入time，all the time“一直”，固定搭配。故填(t)ime。 3．句意：但是我不介意待在树林里，因为我们每天都去打猎和钓鱼，我很喜欢这样。根据“But I didn’t …staying in the woods because we went hunting and fishing every day and I enjoyed that.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应该填入mind，动词，意为“介意”符合语境，mind doing sth.“介意做某事”。故填(m)ind。 4．句意：有时他把我留在小屋里，锁上门，然后去镇上买食物。根据横线后“the door and went to the town to buy provisions (生活必需品).”，结合首字母提示可知，时态为一般过去时，所以此处应该填入locked，过去式，意为“锁”符合语境。故填(l)ocked。 5．句意：两三天后他回家时，他总是用棍子打我。根据横线前“When he came home two or three days”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应该填入later，指的是两三天后。故填(l)ater。 6．句意：然后我厌倦了挨打，我开始考虑离开。根据“Then I got…of the beatings and I began to think about getting away.”，结合语境和首字母提示可知，此处应该填入tired，get tired of“对……厌烦”，动词短语。故填(t)ired。 7．句意：“如果有人试图进入船舱，就使用它！”他说。根据“If…tries to get into the cabin, use it!”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应该填入anyone，不定代词，作主语，既可以指人又可以指物，意为“任何人/物”符合语境。故填(a)nyone。 8．句意：我去树林里杀了一头猪，并把它带回了小木屋。根据“I went into the woods to kill a pig and took it…to the cabin.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处应该填入back，take sb. back“把……带回”，动词短语。故填(b)ack。 9．句意：我拔了一些头发，把它和猪血混合在一起，放在斧头上。根据“I pulled out some of my hair,…it with the pig’s blood and put it on an axe (斧头).”，结合首字母提示可知，时态为一般过去时，此处应该填入mixed，意为“混合”符合语境。故填(m)ixed。 10．句意：最后我把猪的尸体装进大袋子拖到河边扔了进去。根据前文语境和首字母提示可知，此处应该填入finally，副词，修饰整个句子，意为“最后”符合语境，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填(F)inally。 （22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 On May Day, my father and I went back to my hometown—Zibo in Shandong—to try Zibo barbecue (烧烤). Recently, the l 1 food there has become so popular that people all over China travel there to taste it. On the w 2 to Zibo, my father told me a story. Last year during the COVID-19 pandemic (疫情), thousands of college students had to stay in Zibo. The local government h 3 students to get through that period and offered a great barbecue dinner when it was over. The government officers also invited the students to come b 4 to Zibo again when spring came. I was touched when I heard this. At 5 p.m., we a 5 at the restaurant. My father had booked a table two days earlier. Otherwise, there wouldn’t be any seats for us. There are some d 6 between Zibo’s barbecue and the ones in other cities. Zibo’s barbecue restaurants have a small grill (烤架) on each table. People need to cook on the grill by t 7 . When the food is ready, you put it onto a small pancake, and then add scallions (葱) and sauce before eating.   Some local people even put off (推迟) their orders when they heard there weren’t e 8 seats. They wanted tourists from other places to have more c 9 to eat. After eating the delicious food, I kept thinking about why Zibo became p 10 . Is it the promise between the government and the college students, or the only, tasty food, or the kind people? 【答案】 1．(l)ocal 2．(w)ay 3．(h)elped 4．(b)ack 5．(a)rrived 6．(d)ifferences 7．(t)hemselves 8．(e)nough 9．(c)hances 10．(p)opular 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和父亲回到家乡淄博品尝淄博烧烤的经历。 1．句意：最近，当地的美食变得如此受欢迎，以至于全中国的人们都去那里品尝。根据“the l...food there has become so popular”可知，空处指那里的“当地”美食，local“当地的”为形容词，修饰名词food。故填(l)ocal。 2．句意：在去淄博的路上，父亲给我讲了一个故事。on the way to...表示“去某地的路上”，为固定搭配，故填(w)ay。 3．句意：当地政府为学生们提供帮助，帮助他们度过这段时光，并在假期结束后提供了丰盛的烧烤晚餐。根据“The local government h...students to get through that period”可知，当地政府帮助学生们度过难关。help sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“帮助某人做某事”。此处是回忆往事，故时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(h)elped。 4．句意：政府官员还邀请学生们明年春天再来淄博。come back是固定短语，表示“返回”。故填(b)ack。 5．句意：下午5点，我们到达饭店。根据第一段“On May Day, my father and I went back to my hometown—Zibo in Shandong—to try Zibo barbecue”可知，我和父亲返回家乡吃淄博烧烤，故空处指下午5点到达饭店，arrive at表示“到达小地方”，此处介绍过去发生的事情，故时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填(a)rrived。 6．句意：淄博的烧烤和其他城市的烧烤有一些不同之处。根据“Zibo’s barbecue restaurants have a small grill (烤架) on each table.”可知，淄博烧烤与其他城市有一些区别，故空处指“区别”，其英文为difference，为可数名词，some后跟可数名词复数形式。故填(d)ifferences。 7．句意：人们需要靠自己在烤架上烤串。根据“People...by t...”可知，空处指“他们自己”，需they的反身代词themselves。故填(t)hemselves。 8．句意：有些当地人甚至在听说没有足够的座位时推迟了他们的订单。根据“when they heard there weren’t e...seats.”及首字母提示可知，空处指“足够的”，其英文为enough，为形容词，修饰名词seats。故填(e)nough。 9．句意：他们希望其他地方的游客能有更多品尝美食的机会。根据“Some local people even put off (推迟) their orders... ”可知，有些当地人推迟了订单，他们想让外地游客有更多品尝美食的机会。故空处指“机会”，其英文为chance，为可数名词，more后跟可数名词复数。故填(c)hances。 10．句意：吃完美食，我一直在想，为什么淄博变得很受欢迎。根据第一段“...food there has become so popular”及首字母提示可知，我一直在想它为何变得受欢迎。空处指“流行的，受欢迎的”，其英文为popular。故填(p)opular。 重难语篇拔高练 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 The Angsai Grand Canyon is in Qinghai Province. It is h 1 to many different cats, such as snow leopards (雪豹). Dajie is a local herder (牧民). In 2008, he bought a second-hand camera and s 2   to take photos of the wild animals there. Later two of his friends bought their o 3 cameras and joined him. “We like to r 4 the beauty around us,” said one of them. “If a flower or an animal c 5 my eye, I just take a picture of it. ” In 2016, the herders saved a snow leopard. Wildlife photographer Xi Zhinong learned the news and went to Angsai. Xi met the herders and saw their snow leopard photos. Soon after, he i 6 them to join a photography group. Later, they and Xi’s team d 7 to make a snow leopard film. Snow leopards are h 8 to find. It took them six years to film the animals. This was a test of patience. Once in 2019, for e 9 , the team came across a snow leopard and her cubs. They set up a tent and s 10 35 days filming the mother nursing her cubs. Their documentary (纪录片) Snow Leopards and Friends came out in August 2023. On November 4, the film won Best Documentary/ Science and Education Film at the 36th China Golden Rooster Awards. The team’s hard work and patience paid off. They were filled with joy. 【答案】 1．(h)ome 2．(s)tarted 3．(o)wn 4．(r)ecord 5．(c)atches 6．(i)nvited 7．(d)ecided 8．(h)ard 9．(e)xample 10．(s)pent 【导语】本文讲述了青海省昂赛大峡谷的牧民从拍摄野生动物到与专业摄影师合作，最终制作出获奖的雪豹纪录片《雪豹与朋友们》的故事。 1．句意：这里是许多不同种类的猫科动物的栖息地，比如雪豹。根据“to many different cats, such as snow leopards”可知这个地方是很多动物的栖息地，be home to“……的栖息地”。故填(h)ome。 2．句意：2008年，他买了一台二手相机并开始拍摄那里的野生动物。根据“to take photos of the wild animals there”可知是开始拍摄那里的野生动物，start“开始”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(s)tarted。 3．句意：后来他的两个朋友也买了他们自己的相机并加入了他。根据“bought their...cameras and joined him”可知是买了他们自己的相机，own“自己的”。故填(o)wn。 4．句意：我们喜欢记录周围的美景。根据“the beauty around us”可知是用相机记录周围的美景，record“记录”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(r)ecord。 5．句意：如果一朵花或一个动物吸引了我的注意，我就会给它拍照。根据“my eye, I just take a picture of it”可知是一个东西吸引了自己的主意，就会给它拍照，catch“抓住”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词单数，谓语动词用单三。故填(c)atches。 6．句意：不久之后，他邀请他们加入一个摄影小组。根据“them to join a photography group.”可知是邀请他们加入一个摄影小组，invite“邀请”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(i)nvited。 7．句意：后来，他们和奚志农的团队决定拍摄一部关于雪豹的电影。根据“to make a snow leopard film”可知是决定拍摄一部关于雪豹的电影，decide“决定”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(d)ecided。 8．句意：雪豹很难找到。根据“It took them six years to film the animals.”可知他们花了六年时间拍摄这些动物，所以是很难找到，hard“难的”。故填(h)ard。 9．句意：例如，在2019年的一次，团队偶遇了一只雪豹和她的幼崽。此处是结构for example“例如”。故填(e)xample。 10．句意：他们搭起帐篷，花费了35天时间拍摄母豹哺育幼崽。根据“35 days filming the mother nursing her cubs.”可知是花费35天时间拍摄母豹哺育幼崽，spend“花费”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(s)pent。 （23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Jan digs up her time capsule and takes it up to her room. She opens it c 1 . But to her surprise, none of her things are there. I 2 , there is a letter from Tom to Jan. In the letter, Tom says, “I’m sorry. I took the things from your time capsule. I hope you understand. Don’t forget. Look for me in the future. I know you can f 3 me if you try.” “How can I find you, Tom?” Jan says to h 4 . She thinks of searching on Google but there are m 5 of people called Tom. She thinks of going to Tom’s parents’ house but it was pulled down many years ago when the motorway was built. Then she remembers s 6 the Kiwi key ring. Tom has the key ring from her time capsule. If she enters the key number at the Kiwi Internet site, m 7 she can find them. Jan tries and comes to the Kiwi Technology websites. But the computer doesn’t work. Then she thinks: “Maybe Tom works at Kiwi.” So she asked her parents i 8 there was someone called Tom at Kiwi. “Yes,” her mum replies, “The head of the company is called Tom Green, Michael Green’s father, you know, the boy in your class at school.” “Yes, It’s him. I’m going to see him.” Jan says e 9 . She runs out of the house, takes her bicycle and cycles down the road, t 10 the centre of the town, past the school and up the private road to Kiwi Technology, the biggest glass building at the top of the hill. 【答案】 1．(c)arefully 2．(I)nstead 3．(f)ind 4．(h)erself 5．(m)illions 6．(s)omething 7．(m)aybe 8．(i)f 9．(e)xcitedly 10．(t)hrough 【导语】本文讲述了简寻找汤姆的故事。 1．句意：她小心翼翼地打开它。根据“She opens it”及首字母提示可知，是指小心翼翼地打开，“小心地”为carefully，是副词修饰动词，故填(c)arefully。 2．句意：相反，有一封汤姆给简的信。根据“But to her surprise, none of her things are there.”可知及首字母提示可知，此处表转折，表示“相反，反而”，为instead，句首首字母大写，故填(I)nstead。 3．句意：我知道如果你努力的话，你可以找到我。根据“if you try”及首字母提示可知，是指可以找到我，“找到”为find，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填(f)ind。 4．句意：“汤姆，我怎么能找到你？”简自言自语。根据“‘How can I find you, Tom?’”及首字母提示可知，指自言自语，say to oneself意为“自言自语”，herself意为“她自己”，故填(h)erself。 5．句意：她想在谷歌上搜索，但有数百万人叫汤姆。根据“but there are…of people”及首字母提示可知，是指数百万人叫汤姆，millions of意为“数百万”，故填(m)illions。 6．句意：然后她想起了某个东西——新西兰钥匙圈。根据“the Kiwi key ring”及首字母提示可知，是指想起了某个东西，something意为“某物”，故填(s)omething。 7．句意：如果她在Kiwi网站上输入钥匙号码，也许她能找到它们。根据“If she enters the key number at the Kiwi Internet site”及首字母提示可知，指也许能找到它们，maybe意为“也许”，是副词，通常放句首，故填(m)aybe。 8．句意：所以她问她的父母在新西兰是否有叫汤姆的人。根据“asked her parents…there was someone called Tom at Kiwi”及首字母提示可知，这里指是否有叫汤姆的人，if意为“是否”，在句中引导宾语从句，故填(i)f。 9．句意：简兴奋地说。根据“Yes, It’s him. I’m going to see him.”及首字母提示可知，应是简兴奋地说，“兴奋地”为excitedly，是副词，在句中修饰动词，故填(e)xcitedly。 10．句意：她跑出家门，骑着自行车沿着这条路骑行，穿过镇中心，经过学校，沿着私人道路来到山顶最大的玻璃建筑Kiwi Technology。根据“the centre of the town”及首字母提示可知，此处指穿过镇中心，“穿过”为through，是介词，故填(t)hrough。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Past and present 单元话题短文首字母填空练习 基础语篇巩固练 （22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。 My grandparents live in a small old town in the south part of Jiangsu. Many of its buildings have a history of three centuries. There are many old buildings and bridges. Thirty years ago, people there u 1 to live a quiet and peaceful life. There were few cars, few f 2 . And of course, little p 3 . But now the town has t 4 into a hot travel destination (目的地). It is not a quiet place any more. Every day, t 5 of tourists come into the town. The parking areas are always f 6 of cars and coaches. Tourists come to the town on holiday. They say it can help them relax themselves. But, can they r 7 enjoy a holiday in such a crowded (拥挤的) and n 8 town? Now, too many tourists have c 9 many problems. The biggest problem is that they have polluted the town. The rivers are dirty and the air is not so f 10 as before. Local people have more money, but is money so important? （22-23八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。 Some people still live in their hometown. H 1 , others may only see it once or twice a year. Now millions of Chinese leave the countryside to s 2 for work in the cities. Among these is Zhong Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father. He has lived in Beijing for the p 3 13 years. With a hard job in a factory, he doesn’t find much time to visit his hometown. “I used to r 4 home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for three years now,” he says. Many people like Zhong Wei are interested in how their hometown have c 5 . Besides large hospitals and new roads, the government has also built new schools and sent t 6 from the cities to help. Zhong Wei thinks such changes are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot s 7 the same. However, some things will n 8 change. “In my hometown, there was a big old tree outside the school. It is still there and has b 9 a symbol (象征) of the place. Most of the children in my time liked to play together under that big tree. It was s 10 a happy childhood. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.” （23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）首字母填空 In the past few years, great changes have taken place around us. The roads used to be n 1 and crowded (拥挤的). The houses were old and small. There was r 2 everywhere. And the air wasn’t f 3 enough. There was a paper factory near our school. They often put the w 4 into the river. Water pollution was also a big problem. Nowadays, our living c 5 have improved a lot. The roads are wide and clean. It’s really easy for people to go out. We can choose different t 6 of transport to go anywhere. The g 7 has also built many tall buildings. Most of us have m 8 into big beautiful houses. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. The birds are singing h 9 . Our hometown looks like a big garden with green trees and colorful flowers. Our country is becoming richer and s 10 . We are living a happy life. （24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 The next day was also cold and grey. After the breakfast, Mr Brooke arrived with the carriage and it was time for Mrs March to l 1 . She kissed her d 2 one by one and said, “Keep busy, my dears, and never lose hope!” “Yes, Mother.” “Meg, look after your sisters. If you need help, ask Hannah or Mr Laurence. Jo, be patient and cheerful, and write to me often. Beth and Amy, help with the h 3 and be obedient.” “Yes, Mother! Don’t worry!” She got into the carriage and opened the window. “Goodbye, my dears!” She called as it drove away. The girls waved their hands cheerfully until the carriage turned the corner. Then, with s 4 faces and heavy hearts, they went back inside. “The house seems very empty now,” said Meg. “Our motto is ‘H 5 and keep busy’!”, said Jo brightly. She was trying to forget how sad she was f 6 . For a week the girls kept to their motto and worked h 7 . Then Jo got a bad cold and had to stay at home. She didn’t mind this at all b 8 she didn’t like going to Aunt March’s. She was happy to lie on the sofa all day with her books and medicine. Amy got b 9 with doing housework so she took out her pencils and drawing book again. Meg went to teach the King children every day, and sewed. She s 10 the rest of her time writing long letters to her mother and reading the letters from Mr Brooke. Only Beth continued to look after the house. She did her own jobs and her sister’s jobs, too. She never complained. （23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 One morning, when I was on my way to school, Papa c 1 me and took me up the river in a boat. We found an old log cabin (小木屋) in the woods and this became my new home. Papa kept me with him all the t 2 so I didn’t have a chance to escape. But I didn’t m 3 staying in the woods because we went hunting and fishing every day and I enjoyed that. Sometimes he left me in the cabin, l 4 the door and went to the town to buy provisions (生活必需品). When he came home two or three days l 5 , he always beat me with his stick. Then I got t 6 of the beatings and I began to think about getting away. Once before going to the town, he gave me his gun. “If a 7 tries to get into the cabin, use it!” he said. That gave me an idea. I went into the woods to kill a pig and took it b 8 to the cabin. I let its blood fall on the floor. I pulled out some of my hair, m 9 it with the pig’s blood and put it on an axe (斧头). F 10 , I put the pig’s body into a sack (大袋子) and dragged (拉，拽) it to the river and threw it in. I was very proud of my plan! “Papa will think that someone has killed me when he sees the blood and the axe. He won’t look for me,” I thought and smiled to myself. （22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 On May Day, my father and I went back to my hometown—Zibo in Shandong—to try Zibo barbecue (烧烤). Recently, the l 1 food there has become so popular that people all over China travel there to taste it. On the w 2 to Zibo, my father told me a story. Last year during the COVID-19 pandemic (疫情), thousands of college students had to stay in Zibo. The local government h 3 students to get through that period and offered a great barbecue dinner when it was over. The government officers also invited the students to come b 4 to Zibo again when spring came. I was touched when I heard this. At 5 p.m., we a 5 at the restaurant. My father had booked a table two days earlier. Otherwise, there wouldn’t be any seats for us. There are some d 6 between Zibo’s barbecue and the ones in other cities. Zibo’s barbecue restaurants have a small grill (烤架) on each table. People need to cook on the grill by t 7 . When the food is ready, you put it onto a small pancake, and then add scallions (葱) and sauce before eating.   Some local people even put off (推迟) their orders when they heard there weren’t e 8 seats. They wanted tourists from other places to have more c 9 to eat. After eating the delicious food, I kept thinking about why Zibo became p 10 . Is it the promise between the government and the college students, or the only, tasty food, or the kind people? 重难语篇拔高练 （23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 The Angsai Grand Canyon is in Qinghai Province. It is h 1 to many different cats, such as snow leopards (雪豹). Dajie is a local herder (牧民). In 2008, he bought a second-hand camera and s 2   to take photos of the wild animals there. Later two of his friends bought their o 3 cameras and joined him. “We like to r 4 the beauty around us,” said one of them. “If a flower or an animal c 5 my eye, I just take a picture of it. ” In 2016, the herders saved a snow leopard. Wildlife photographer Xi Zhinong learned the news and went to Angsai. Xi met the herders and saw their snow leopard photos. Soon after, he i 6 them to join a photography group. Later, they and Xi’s team d 7 to make a snow leopard film. Snow leopards are h 8 to find. It took them six years to film the animals. This was a test of patience. Once in 2019, for e 9 , the team came across a snow leopard and her cubs. They set up a tent and s 10 35 days filming the mother nursing her cubs. Their documentary (纪录片) Snow Leopards and Friends came out in August 2023. On November 4, the film won Best Documentary/ Science and Education Film at the 36th China Golden Rooster Awards. The team’s hard work and patience paid off. They were filled with joy. （23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）Jan digs up her time capsule and takes it up to her room. She opens it c 1 . But to her surprise, none of her things are there. I 2 , there is a letter from Tom to Jan. In the letter, Tom says, “I’m sorry. I took the things from your time capsule. I hope you understand. Don’t forget. Look for me in the future. I know you can f 3 me if you try.” “How can I find you, Tom?” Jan says to h 4 . She thinks of searching on Google but there are m 5 of people called Tom. She thinks of going to Tom’s parents’ house but it was pulled down many years ago when the motorway was built. Then she remembers s 6 the Kiwi key ring. Tom has the key ring from her time capsule. If she enters the key number at the Kiwi Internet site, m 7 she can find them. Jan tries and comes to the Kiwi Technology websites. But the computer doesn’t work. Then she thinks: “Maybe Tom works at Kiwi.” So she asked her parents i 8 there was someone called Tom at Kiwi. “Yes,” her mum replies, “The head of the company is called Tom Green, Michael Green’s father, you know, the boy in your class at school.” “Yes, It’s him. I’m going to see him.” Jan says e 9 . She runs out of the house, takes her bicycle and cycles down the road, t 10 the centre of the town, past the school and up the private road to Kiwi Technology, the biggest glass building at the top of the hill. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$