Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 课件+分层练习- 【上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019选择性必修第三册）

Reading and Thinking 新人教选择性必修三 Unit 3 Environmental Protection 目 录 Lead-in While-reading Pre-reading Post-reading Learning objectives: At the end of this lesson, students are able to: 1. To know about the climate change and summarize the main idea of each paragraph; 2. To learn about the “greenhouse effect” and create a diagram describing how it works; 3. To analyse the consequences of climate change and enhance the awareness of environmental protection; 4. To voice their personal opinions about how to deal with climate change. Lead-in： Look at the picture and graph below. What is it about? The earth is becoming warmer and warmer. Why? Because of the global warming. Lead-in： What other consequences may global warming bring about? HELP! Lead-in： What other consequences may global warming bring about? Global warming natural disasters economic losses coastal cities submerged extreme weather unpredictable future of human animals dying a rise in sea level loss of wildlife habitat wildfire drought What might happen if the glaciers continue to melt? Pre-reading： CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLD’S ATTENTION evidence evidence/ consequence Climate Change Requires The World’s Attention Pre-reading： What kind of reading passage is it? How do you know? Expository text (说明文) Because in the expository text, the authors sometimes use some graphs or diagrams in their essays in order to convince their readers. These graphs and diagrams often come from scientific research reports and other reliable resources. Pre-reading： What is the graph about? What information can you get from it? The graph shows the change in the Global Surface Temperature between 1920 and 2016. It shows the temperature anomaly (反常现象), which shows how much the temperature has risen above what it would usually be at a base level. Global warming 平均气温距平值 年份 Fast Reading 1.Read for information from the graph. The graph shows the change in the Global Surface Temperature between 1920 and 2016. Temperature Anomaly(n.异常) The Global Surface temperature is abnormal and rising. There is no doubt that the Earth is getting warmer and warmer. animals dying the rise of sea level drought heatwaves economic losses coastal cities submerged wildfire Global warming Some consequences（结果） of global warming. While-reading： Read for the text type. 1. What's the type of this text? A. News report. B. Biography. C. Expository essay.说明文 D. Argumentation.议论文 2. In which part of a newspaper or magazine may we find this passage? A. Entertainment B. Economy C. Education D. Environment While-reading： Read for the main idea. Supporters Say 2023/09/08 Part 1: (para.1-2 ) Part 2: (para. 3) Part 3: (para. 4) Part 4: (para. 5) The evidence(证据) of dramatic climate change that had an impact on Earth’s ecology The causes(原因) of the increase in the global average surface temperature The consequences(结果) of the rise in temperature The solutions(解决方法) to reducing greenhouse gas emissions Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph. phenomenon/evidence causes consequence solutions While-reading： Read for the development of the passage. Read the text and find out the development of the passage. problem example causes influences solutions While-reading： Read for the development of the passage. problem example reasons influences solutions phenomenon cause effect solution [ɪkˈspɒzɪtərɪ] Expository writing 本文按照“现象—原因—危害—措施”的逻辑顺序展开，环环相扣，步步深入。标题Climate Change Requires the World’s Attention点明了作者的诉求：气候变化对地球生态系统的影响是巨大的，需要全人类共同关注和面对。文本以现在时态和将来时态为主，强调文章的现实意义及对将来不利后果的预测。 While-reading： Reading for the details. The _____ is getting warmer and warmer. earth Evidence l: ____________________________ Evidence 2: __________________ Evidence 3: _______________________ Problem Climate change a warming ocean and atmosphere melting ice rising sea levels para. 1 While-reading： Reading for the details. P1.We have known about climate change for decades. There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. Evidence1 Evidence2 Evidence3 problem The ______is getting warmer and warmer. a warming ocean and atmosphere melting ice rising sea levels Earth While-reading： Reading for the details. Para 1 Para 2 The evidence of dramatic climate change that had an impact on Earth’s ecology 瘦骨嶙峋 climate change starvation longer food-seeking travel lack of food low sea-ice levels The following reasons account for the death of the polar bear, with one influencing another. Put them in a correct logical order. What is the root cause? 22 In P2.2013, a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard. According to the scientists who found its dead body, all that remained of the polar bear was "skin and bones". An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body, the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earth's ecology. Summarize the example of the increase in temperature that had an impact on Earth’s ecology. Time Where What happened How did it happen? 2013 ______________ _______________ _________________________ Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard A bear starved and died. The bear couldn’t hunt seals as before due to the increase in temperature. While-reading： Reading for the details. Para 3 The cause of the increase in the global average surface temperature Definition: Heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms the Earth’s surface. Function: Keeping Earth’s warm and habitable. Definition: People produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases. A big problem: Causing Earth’s surface temperature to rise quickly. Natural greenhouse effect Man-made greenhouse effect 25 P3.Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the "greenhouse effect", which has two common meanings: the "natural" greenhouse effect and the "man-made" greenhouse effect. The "natural" greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth's surface as short-wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, keeping Earth's climate warm and habitable. Without this process, Earth could not sustain life. However, the "man-made" greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth's surface temperature to rise quickly. natural man-made 1.Heat from the sun enters the __________ and warms Earth’s _______ as _____-wave radiation. 1.People produce huge amounts of______ greenhouse gases by burning__________. extra fossil fuels atmosphere surface short Greenhouse Effect 2.Trap the heat,keeping Earth’s warm and_________. 2.More ______ energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to ____ quickly. habitable heat rise D. Heat enters the atmosphere B. Reflected sunlight Atmosphere C. Heat reflected back to earth’ surface A. Heat released back into space Find out how the greenhouse effect works A. D. C. B. While-reading： Reading for the details. Para 4 The consequences of the rise in temperature While-reading： Reading for the details. extreme rainstorms, heat waves serious damage, costing human lives, economic losses 1. 2. not only 3. . but also 4. . extreme 5. and 6. causing 7._______________________ extreme weather natural disasters causing serious damage costing human lives rainstorm heatwaves examples The rise in temperature leads to results deaths and economic losses P4.There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that if we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In fact, news reports are frequently broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses. What are the consequences of global temperature rise? Finish the mind map. The rise in temperature led to extreme weather natural disasters result in extreme rainstorms heat waves serious damage costing human lives economic losses example While-reading： Reading for the details. Para 5 The solutions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions While-reading： Reading for the details. solutions governments make policies take appropriate actions and measures individuals reduce our “carbon footprint” by… educate everyone about global warming P5.Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals can also reduce our "carbon footprint" by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help? What are the solutions to the environmental problems? solutions governments make policies take appropriate actions and measures individuals reduce our “carbon footprint” by… educate everyone about global warming While-reading： Governments Individuals make policies take appropriate actions and measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions restrict the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce to reduce our “carbon footprint” While-reading： Tip: Benefit of using diagrams Diagrams are very useful tools that can be used to brainstorm ideas, map out processes, show cause and effect relationships, explain a new idea or concept, and so on. When you read an essay about scientific issues, you can try drawing a diagram, which will not only allow you to visualise the problems more clearly but also can help demonstrate your creative thinking and problem-solving. While-reading： Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed. — Mohandas K. Gandhi Such as shelter, air, food, water and the means to do something productive and meaningful. Greed is a desire that can never be satisfied. Needs mean all basic living things The quote is used here to suggest that consumption powered by greed is a prime cause of environmental degradation (环境恶化). Over logging, polluted water resources … Post-reading： As a student, what can we do to protect the environment in our daily life? Post-reading： What should we do in daily life to reduce “carbon footprint”? Post-reading： Extend the mind map based on the passage to show the following aspects of global warming: Global warming phenomena causes effects solutions continued greenhouse gas emissions by burning fossil fuels. a rise in temperature; a warming ocean and atmosphere; melting ice and rising sea levels; the starved polar animals. “man-made” greenhouse effect an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters; deaths and economic losses; loss of habitat and wildlife extinction. individuals restrict the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce; educate the public. governments make policies; take measures to reduce emissions. Global warming phenomena causes effects solutions 2023/09/08 prefer walking, cycling or public transport to driving private vehicles; use new energy vehicles/automobiles; How to reduce “carbon footprint”? 2023/09/08 How to reduce “carbon footprint”? use energy-efficient light bulbs; turn off tap and save water. switch off/turn off the light; unplug appliances that are not in use; 2023/09/08 How to reduce “carbon footprint”? avoid drinking bottled water; improve waste sorting and recycling; reduce our plastic disposable waste. Sort the garbage Abate the use of plastic bags Value our own role End wasting resources Encourage others to paticipate in it Alter our lifestyle Ride a bike or walk to school Turn off all electric devices when not in use Help inform those around the danger of global warming… Climate change Evidence Solutions Causes Effects government individuals extreme weather natural disasters Greenhouse effect natural greenhouse effect man-made greenhouse effect A better understanding of climate change Summary Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed. — Mohandas K. Gandhi 地球能满足人类的需要， 但满足不了人类的贪婪。 47 Reading and Thinking 新人教选择性必修三 Unit 3 Thank You ! 10 2 Read the text and answer the questions 人民教育电子音像出版社 普通高中教科书 英语 选择性必修 第三册 238435.05 $$ Unit 3 Reading and Thinking分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高二课时练习）单词拼写 1.The young man was asked to help plan Labour’s election ___________ （活动）. 2.The applicants have to________（经历） a 48-hour wait for the results of tests. 3.The Danes have environmental issues high on their _______(议事日程). 4.You’d better keep the room warm，for the old man is ________（敏感的）to the cold. 5.The team enjoyed only_______(中等的) success last season.  6.The cost per household for the collection and _______(处理) of household rubbish is ￡50 a year. 7.The union has proposed new _________(规章制度) to control the hours worked by its employees. 8.The government promised to _____________(使生效) a new system to control financial institutions. 二、（2024·高二课时练习）用单词的适当形式填空 1.The project will contribute to ________(develop) the economy and reducing poverty when it is completed. 2.This is the first time we see how energy is involved in the ________(conserve) process. 3.Every weekend there are dozens ________ football and  basketball games on television. 4.It is my pleasure to answer the questions ________(regard)  the American Civil War. 5.So far,power ________(restore)  in most parts that were hit by high winds last night. 6.Make sure all the elevators must undergo an annual safety ________(inspect). 7.Doing volunteer work can contribute to ________(increase) your sense of confidence and satisfaction with life. 8.Human beings have limited ________(tolerate)  to noise. 9.She ________(fine) $300 and banned from driving for one month. 10.He explained this ________(regulate)  to me word for word. 三、（2024·高二课时练习）根据汉语完成句子 1.全世界的人或许都感到了最近几年气候一直在变得越来越温暖。 People around the world may feel that the climate has been _______________ in recent years. 2.毫无疑问，好事情会来的，当它来的时候，会是一个惊喜。 _________________ the good thing will come, and when it comes, it will be a surprise. 3.西方的节日对中国的文化有影响吗？ Does Western festivals ________________________________ Chinese culture? 4.2021年春季，这个地区发生了突发性气候变化，造成大量的庄稼死亡。(非谓语动词作状语) In the spring of 2021, the sudden climate change occurred in this area，______________________. 5.路上堵车了，要不然我一小时前就到了。(含蓄虚拟语气) There was a traffic jam on the way; otherwise _________________. 6.人们认为克隆技术是保护濒危物种的有效方法。(it作形式主语) ______________________________ 7.当你受邀到朋友家里做客时，请尽量表现得体。(状语从句的省略) ______________________________ 8.She said to me, “You went to the party last night, didn't you？”(变间接引语) _____________________________ 9.Mom said to me, “Will you first have supper or finish your homework？”(变间接引语) _____________________________ 10.“Please open the window，” the teacher said to Li Ming.(变间接引语) ____________________________ 知识应用 四、（山东省青岛市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中）阅读理解 For a lucky 32 percent or so of humans, happiness may seem like a matter of good genes. That's because their DNA encodes(解码) for certain personality quality, like outgoing and low anxiety, which are closely linked to increased levels of life satisfaction. In studies of twins, those genetic differences help explain why one twin was happier with their life than the other. But a happy life isn't entirely determined by genetics. For the most part, your happiness is impacted by environmental and behavioral factors, aspects of your lives over which we can exercise some control. And there are more direct ways to boost our happiness level, too. Often referred to as “positive psychology, ” a growing body of evidence suggests there are interventions that can teach people happiness skills, like how to be more compassionate with themselves, or how to enjoy positive experiences. Some emphasize reflecting on your personal strengths and values. Others involve thoughts or connecting with others. Admittedly, none will lead to excitement—but they can make a meaningful difference in your life. A researcher Lyubomirsky compares learning happiness to creating exercise habits; a routine that has to be practiced frequently. One strategy she recommends is writing thank-you letters to people in your life. But there's no magic set of practices, though. That's why Lyubomirsky says it's important to find techniques that work for you. If a thank-you letter gets boring or isn't your thing, try calling a friend or thinking. But neither genes nor clinically tested exercises can protect people from the reality that life is hard. During the pandemic, Santos found herself overworked, exhausted and nearly close to burnout. She was fortunate enough to take a holiday and practice the strategies. The experience has been an important reminder for Santos that even the most scientifically supported exercises can't help if you don't do them. “The strategies I teach work, ” she says. “But you have to make sure you' re following them and putting them into practice, which takes regular work and effort. ” 12. Which factors mainly influence people's happiness most? A. The inborn personality aspects. B. The education that people receive. C. The living environment and habits. D. The interpersonal relationship. 13. How can we learn to be happy? A. Explore our shining points. B. Compare with other people. C. Appreciate all our life experiences. D. Think for others instead of ourselves. 14. What does Santos suggest people do? A. Write thank-you notes to their parents. B. Take a break to relieve their burden. C. Find a method suitable to them and stick to it. D. Read more books to get the practical techniques. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Train yourself to be positive. B. Say no to negative influences. C. The importance of psychology. D. The secret of personality quality. 五、（定远县第二中学2024~2025学年度高二第一学期第二次教学质量监测）语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Major Heat (Dashu) , the 12th solar term of the year, begins this year on July 22 and ends on August 6. During Major Heat, most parts of China enter the 56 (hot) season of the year. In China, the 24 solar terms 57 (create) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But solar term culture 58 (be) still useful today to guide people's lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips. During Major Heat, the sunshine, high temperatures 59 heavy rainfalls are good for agricultural crops. But like Minor Heat (Xiaoshu) , many natural disasters such as floods, 60 (drought) and typhoons also happen during Major Heat. Therefore, it's important to harvest and plant in time 61 (avoid) damage caused by natural disasters. Grass jelly, Xiancaodong in Chinese, is made with a special grass 62 stems (茎) and leaves can be made into herb jelly after being dried in 63 sun. With the 64 (amaze) ability to reduce the summer heat, grass jelly is described in a 65 (popularly) saying in Guangdong province that goes, “Eating herb jelly in Major Heat will make you stay young like the immortals (神仙) .” 六、（2024年秋季福建省永春二中晋江内坑中学等五校高二期中联考）应用文写作 假定你是李华，家住刺桐社区，社区将于11月23日星期六晚上7点，举行泉州非物质文化遗产南音讲座，名家欣赏，并进行现场教学，你的外国朋友Peter，非常喜欢南音，请你写一封信邀请他来参加。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 提示词：社区community；南音Nanyin；非物质文化遗产intangible cultural heritage Dear Peter， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours LiHua_ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Reading and Thinking分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高二课时练习）单词拼写 1.The young man was asked to help plan Labour’s election ___________ （活动）. 2.The applicants have to________（经历） a 48-hour wait for the results of tests. 3.The Danes have environmental issues high on their _______(议事日程). 4.You’d better keep the room warm，for the old man is ________（敏感的）to the cold. 5.The team enjoyed only_______(中等的) success last season.  6.The cost per household for the collection and _______(处理) of household rubbish is ￡50 a year. 7.The union has proposed new _________(规章制度) to control the hours worked by its employees. 8.The government promised to _____________(使生效) a new system to control financial institutions. 【答案】1.campaign 2.undergo 3.agenda 4.sensitive 5.moderate 6.disposal 7.regulations 8.implement 二、（2024·高二课时练习）用单词的适当形式填空 1.The project will contribute to ________(develop) the economy and reducing poverty when it is completed. 2.This is the first time we see how energy is involved in the ________(conserve) process. 3.Every weekend there are dozens ________ football and  basketball games on television. 4.It is my pleasure to answer the questions ________(regard)  the American Civil War. 5.So far,power ________(restore)  in most parts that were hit by high winds last night. 6.Make sure all the elevators must undergo an annual safety ________(inspect). 7.Doing volunteer work can contribute to ________(increase) your sense of confidence and satisfaction with life. 8.Human beings have limited ________(tolerate)  to noise. 9.She ________(fine) $300 and banned from driving for one month. 10.He explained this ________(regulate)  to me word for word. 【答案】1.developing　2.conservation　3.of　4.regarding　5.has been restored　6.inspection　7.increasing　8.tolerance　9.was fined　10.regulation  三、（2024·高二课时练习）根据汉语完成句子 1.全世界的人或许都感到了最近几年气候一直在变得越来越温暖。 People around the world may feel that the climate has been _______________ in recent years. 2.毫无疑问，好事情会来的，当它来的时候，会是一个惊喜。 _________________ the good thing will come, and when it comes, it will be a surprise. 3.西方的节日对中国的文化有影响吗？ Does Western festivals ________________________________ Chinese culture? 4.2021年春季，这个地区发生了突发性气候变化，造成大量的庄稼死亡。(非谓语动词作状语) In the spring of 2021, the sudden climate change occurred in this area，______________________. 5.路上堵车了，要不然我一小时前就到了。(含蓄虚拟语气) There was a traffic jam on the way; otherwise _________________. 6.人们认为克隆技术是保护濒危物种的有效方法。(it作形式主语) ______________________________ 7.当你受邀到朋友家里做客时，请尽量表现得体。(状语从句的省略) ______________________________ 8.She said to me, “You went to the party last night, didn't you？”(变间接引语) _____________________________ 9.Mom said to me, “Will you first have supper or finish your homework？”(变间接引语) _____________________________ 10.“Please open the window，” the teacher said to Li Ming.(变间接引语) ____________________________ 【答案】 1.getting warmer and warmer　2.There is no doubt that　3.have an impact/effect on　4.killing a lot of crops　 5.I would have arrived an hour ago　6.It is believed that clone technology is an effective way of protecting endangered species.　7.Please try to behave yourself/be on your best behaviour when invited to a friend's home.　8.She asked me whether I had gone to the party the night before. 9.Mom asked me whether I would first have supper or finish my homework.　 10.The teacher asked Li Ming to open the window. 知识应用 四、（山东省青岛市2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中）阅读理解 For a lucky 32 percent or so of humans, happiness may seem like a matter of good genes. That's because their DNA encodes(解码) for certain personality quality, like outgoing and low anxiety, which are closely linked to increased levels of life satisfaction. In studies of twins, those genetic differences help explain why one twin was happier with their life than the other. But a happy life isn't entirely determined by genetics. For the most part, your happiness is impacted by environmental and behavioral factors, aspects of your lives over which we can exercise some control. And there are more direct ways to boost our happiness level, too. Often referred to as “positive psychology, ” a growing body of evidence suggests there are interventions that can teach people happiness skills, like how to be more compassionate with themselves, or how to enjoy positive experiences. Some emphasize reflecting on your personal strengths and values. Others involve thoughts or connecting with others. Admittedly, none will lead to excitement—but they can make a meaningful difference in your life. A researcher Lyubomirsky compares learning happiness to creating exercise habits; a routine that has to be practiced frequently. One strategy she recommends is writing thank-you letters to people in your life. But there's no magic set of practices, though. That's why Lyubomirsky says it's important to find techniques that work for you. If a thank-you letter gets boring or isn't your thing, try calling a friend or thinking. But neither genes nor clinically tested exercises can protect people from the reality that life is hard. During the pandemic, Santos found herself overworked, exhausted and nearly close to burnout. She was fortunate enough to take a holiday and practice the strategies. The experience has been an important reminder for Santos that even the most scientifically supported exercises can't help if you don't do them. “The strategies I teach work, ” she says. “But you have to make sure you' re following them and putting them into practice, which takes regular work and effort. ” 12. Which factors mainly influence people's happiness most? A. The inborn personality aspects. B. The education that people receive. C. The living environment and habits. D. The interpersonal relationship. 13. How can we learn to be happy? A. Explore our shining points. B. Compare with other people. C. Appreciate all our life experiences. D. Think for others instead of ourselves. 14. What does Santos suggest people do? A. Write thank-you notes to their parents. B. Take a break to relieve their burden. C. Find a method suitable to them and stick to it. D. Read more books to get the practical techniques. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Train yourself to be positive. B. Say no to negative influences. C. The importance of psychology. D. The secret of personality quality. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. C 15. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了影响人类幸福的因素，包括基因因素以及更具影响力的环境和行为因素，还介绍了通过积极心理学提升幸福水平的相关方法以及要坚持实践这些方法的重要性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But a happy life isn't entirely determined by genetics. For the most part, your happiness is impacted by environmental and behavioral factors, aspects of your lives over which we can exercise some control(但幸福的生活并不完全由基因决定。在很大程度上，你的幸福会受到环境和行为因素的影响，这些是我们可以控制的生活方面)” 可知，主要影响人们幸福的是生活环境和习惯等方面，并非单纯的基因等其他因素，故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Some emphasize reflecting on your personal strengths and values(一些方法强调反思个人的优势和价值观)” 以及“Others involve thoughts or connecting with others(其他方法涉及思考或与他人建立联系)” 综合来看，就是要从自身以及与他人相处等多方面去感受生活，也就是要欣赏生活中的各种经历，故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“She was fortunate enough to take a holiday and practice the strategies. The experience has been an important reminder for Santos that even the most scientifically supported exercises can't help if you don't do them.（她很幸运地休了个假并实践了这些策略。这段经历对桑托斯来说是一个重要提醒，如果你不实践，即使是最有科学依据的练习也无济于事。）” 以及最后一段“But you have to make sure you' re following them and putting them into practice, which takes regular work and effort.(但你必须确保你在遵循它们并将它们付诸实践，这需要定期的努力)”可知桑托斯认为如果你不实践，即使是最有科学依据的练习也无济于事，必须确保在遵循它们并将它们付诸实践，可以推断出，桑托斯是在建议人们找到适合自己的方法并且坚持去实践它，故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“But a happy life isn't entirely determined by genetics. For the most part, your happiness is impacted by environmental and behavioral factors, aspects of your lives over which we can exercise some control. And there are more direct ways to boost our happiness level, too (但是，幸福的生活并不完全由遗传决定。在很大程度上，你的幸福受到环境和行为因素的影响，这些是我们生活中可以控制的一些方面。而且，还有更直接的方式来提高我们的幸福感)”、倒数第二段“But neither genes nor clinically tested exercises can protect people from the reality that life is hard. During the pandemic, Santos found herself overworked, exhausted and nearly close to burnout. She was fortunate enough to take a holiday and practice the strategies. The experience has been an important reminder for Santos that even the most scientifically supported exercises can't help if you don't do them(但是，无论是基因还是经过临床测试的练习都无法保护人们免受现实生活的艰难。在大流行期间，Santos发现自己过度工作、疲惫不堪，几乎接近崩溃。她有幸休假并实践这些策略。这次经历让Santos深刻意识到，即使是最受科学支持的练习，如果你不去做，也无法帮助你)”以及最后一段““The strategies I teach work, ” she says. “But you have to make sure you' re following them and putting them into practice, which takes regular work and effort. ”(“我教的策略是有效的，”她说。“但你必须确保你在跟随并将它们付诸实践，这需要定期的工作和努力。”)”可知，文章先是阐述了影响幸福的因素，接着重点讲述了通过一些类似积极心理学提到的方法来提升幸福水平，并且强调要通过实践这些方法让自己变得积极向上，从而收获幸福，A 选项 “训练自己变得积极” 能够很好地概括文章主旨，故选A项。 五、（定远县第二中学2024~2025学年度高二第一学期第二次教学质量监测）语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Major Heat (Dashu) , the 12th solar term of the year, begins this year on July 22 and ends on August 6. During Major Heat, most parts of China enter the 56 (hot) season of the year. In China, the 24 solar terms 57 (create) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But solar term culture 58 (be) still useful today to guide people's lives through special foods, cultural ceremonies and even healthy living tips. During Major Heat, the sunshine, high temperatures 59 heavy rainfalls are good for agricultural crops. But like Minor Heat (Xiaoshu) , many natural disasters such as floods, 60 (drought) and typhoons also happen during Major Heat. Therefore, it's important to harvest and plant in time 61 (avoid) damage caused by natural disasters. Grass jelly, Xiancaodong in Chinese, is made with a special grass 62 stems (茎) and leaves can be made into herb jelly after being dried in 63 sun. With the 64 (amaze) ability to reduce the summer heat, grass jelly is described in a 65 (popularly) saying in Guangdong province that goes, “Eating herb jelly in Major Heat will make you stay young like the immortals (神仙) .” 【答案】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统节气大暑的气候特点、文化意义以及与之相关的传统习俗和健康小贴士。 56. hottest 考查形容词最高级。“the+形容词最高级”表示在某个范围内“最……的”意思，这里指的是一年中最热的季节，故填 hottest。 57. were created 考查动词的时态与语态。分析句子结构可知，the 24 solar terms与 create 之间存在被动关系, 且根据时间状语 thousands of years ago可知，此处需要使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 were created。 58. is 考查动词的时态与主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，solar term culture是本句的主语，故谓语动词用 be动词的单数形式，且根据 today可知，此处需要使用一般现在时，故填 is。 59. and 考查连词。根据本句句意：大暑时节阳光充足、高温和大量降雨有益于农作物的生长，故填 and连接两个并列的事物。 60. droughts 考查名词复数。根据前面的 many natural disasters such as floods可知，此处需要填入复数形式，又因为 drought 是可数名词，故填 droughts。 61. to avoid 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处不定式作目的状语，表示及时收获和种植的目的是“避免”自然灾害造成的损失。故填 to avoid。 62. whose 考查定语从句。这里需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，修饰a special grass。由于定语从句中缺少定语，故填 whose。 63. the 考查定冠词。由于 sun是世界上独一无二的事物，故填定冠词 the。 64. amazing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词 ability，表示草本果冻的这种能力是令人惊叹的，故填 amazing。 65. popular 考查词形转换。此处需要一个形容词来修饰后面的名词 saying，表示这是一个广为流传的谚语。故填 popular。 六、（2024年秋季福建省永春二中晋江内坑中学等五校高二期中联考）应用文写作 假定你是李华，家住刺桐社区，社区将于11月23日星期六晚上7点，举行泉州非物质文化遗产南音讲座，名家欣赏，并进行现场教学，你的外国朋友Peter，非常喜欢南音，请你写一封信邀请他来参加。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 提示词：社区community；南音Nanyin；非物质文化遗产intangible cultural heritage Dear Peter， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours LiHua_ 【答案】 Dear Peter, I can’t wait to inform you there will be a Nanying festival to be held in our Citong community this Saturday on 23rd,November . Learning you are crazy about Nanying , I’d like to invite you to participate in it. The Nanying festival is scheduled to started at 7 pm in the community hall and will last 3 hours. The festival is to promote the traditional Chinese culture as well as improve our ability to appreciate art . To begin with , there will be a lecture about Nanying. Then you will be able to appreciate some Nanying pieces sung by famous singers. At last, some experts will teach you to sing Nanying face-to-face. This is a good chance,and you can not miss it. I’d appreciate it if you could attend the upcoming festival. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$