Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Reading for Writing分层作业-【上好课】高一英语同步高效课堂（人教版必修第三册）

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Reading for Writing分层作业 基础巩固 一、单句语法填空 1．In addition to leaves, these animals eat a great deal grass. 2．It’s easy to pick him in a crowd because he is very tall. 3．As a matter of fact, in and of itself, the Internet is (harm). 4．There are plenty of (opportunity) for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events. 5．The woman disguised her failure a smile. 6．Neither my parents nor my sister (like) swimming. 7．Losing a child is heartbreaking and countless families (tear) apart in the past decades. 8．The father made an attempt (help) his son keep calm before the exam. 9． (variety) of flowers and plants can be the best gift for them. 10．Students should master some learning skills and study (flexible). 二、根据汉语提示单词拼写 11．What do you think this (寓言) is trying to tell us? 12．I saw her (低语) something in her ear. 13．He crashed into the stone, (洒出) the milk everywhere. 14．The girl pushed the stone with all her (力量). 15．The first person down the street was a milkman with his (手推车). 三、根据首字母提示单词拼写 16．He needs a high i to support such a large family. 17．The tennis star left the c after the match. 18．Reading in the sun does h to your eyes. 19．All children were in t because they would graduate and leave their beloved kindergarten. 20．He put on a large hat and sunglasses as a d and hoped no one would recognize him. 四、选词填空 用方框内短语的适当形式填空（有两项为多余选项） trip over  burst into tears  in despair  pick up  at one’s first attempt  succeed in  come across 21．To my surprise, she suddenly the moment she read the letter. 22．Remove the box from the road or someone might it in the dark. 23．I’m not sure whether I’ll persuading her to join us. Anyway, I’ll try my best. 24．Shelly has been preparing for the test so that she can be sure of passing it . 25．On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to some groceries. 五、完成句子 26．电缆都是亮黄色，以防绊倒人。 The cables are all bright yellow to prevent you them. 27．这个地区的许多危墙被拆除了，以防止它们倒塌伤到人。(tear的相关短语) in this area to prevent them from falling down and injuring people. 28．真让人惊讶，你哥哥这么快就学会了俄语——他在那里住的时间不长。 It’s surprising that your brother has so quickly — he hasn’t lived there very long. 29． your health , you must endeavour to shift off the care of your children . 由于你的身体状况，你必须设法卸掉照看孩子这一负担。 30．After much deliberation, the committee decided with the project. 经过深思熟虑后，委员会决定继续推进这个项目。 六、七选五 We youngsters believe that our responsibilities to the country begin only when we enter the workforce. This is because we consider ourselves as helpless to do anything at that time. 31 Raise awareness of important social issues in the country. The voice of the young can make itself heard in areas like education, pollution and health care. These are issues that directly influence our lives and should be taken notice of by us. 32 Support the community by actively participating in volunteering. Volunteers are always needed to assist old people’s homes and other charity organizations. 33 Simple things like cleaning the house, entertaining or listening to the elderly, or making voice recordings for the visually disabled are all within our reach and far more significant than shopping or hanging out at shopping malls. Participate in various activities that promote our environment. Planting new plants and trees to minimize pollution and create a clean environment in which to live. 34 Using one-off materials, such as plastic bags and lunch boxes, also causes burden to nature. We should avoid  these and many other similar behaviors if we want to see a better environment. 35 There are many things we cannot do right now, such as influence public policies, but we may prepare ourselves to be ready when the time comes for us to contribute. A significant amount of time and money has been invested in developing us as young leaders of the future, and we must not ignore our responsibilities. In the end, taking on our responsibilities to our society is a big step in helping to improve life in our country. A．Get well prepared for any possibilities. B．Invest time and money to ensure a better future. C．Other efficient strategies include not littering in the streets. D．As a result, we postpone any duty until we enter the workplace. E．But we should realize that there are roles we may play at the moment. F．Thus, by providing our services regularly, we are promoting a caring culture. G．By showing that we care about our society, we can better ourselves and our country. 能力提升 一、完形填空 With hundreds of tons of unsold vegetables and fruits sent to landfills at the end of each market day, the Central de Abastos has become the largest source of food waste in Mexico City. When De Paz Fuentes noticed the 1 , he partnered with the market to turn the wasted food into 2 for the hungry. Since 2020, his program, the Itacate, has 3 the market’s daily food waste by 24% and 4 almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city. “Efforts like this are 5 ,” says Gutiérrez, who is one of the businessmen taking part in the program. “Now, if I have too many vegetables and won’t be able to 6 them, I call the Itacate.” When Gutiérrez makes the call, a volunteer 7 at Gutiérrez’s shop and helps donate (捐赠) the unsold 8 among the city’s 450 soup kitchens, which 9 80,000 meals a day. Just across the street from the Central de Abastos is one of the city’s largest soup kitchens. There, Leonardo Bautista, 62, is eating lunch after a(n) 10 cleaning onions and green tomatoes at the market. The soup kitchen is the only place where he can get a(n) 11 meal near his workplace. “It’s 12 to eat at the market,” he explains, “about $3.50 for lunch, which is almost half of my daily salary.” Some shop owners 13 they are familiar with the program, but still often throw away 14 food because it takes too much time to make a 15 . 1．A．market B．view C．problem D．position 2．A．meals B．chemicals C．drinks D．ruins 3．A．produced B．reduced C．bought D．exchanged 4．A．planted B．cut C．lost D．delivered 5．A．meaningful B．wasteful C．troublesome D．perfect 6．A．grow B．sell C．rent D．count 7．A．signs up B．checks out C．shows up D．gives in 8．A．fruits B．chickens C．cakes D．vegetables 9．A．buy B．serve C．destroy D．need 10．A．morning B．day C．evening D．afternoon 11．A．tasty B．sweet C．unacceptable D．affordable 12．A．hot B．inconvenient C．expensive D．fun 13．A．apologize B．think C．realize D．admit 14．A．poisonous B．eatable C．cold D．cheap 15．A．donation B．call C．decision D．living 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空自处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen, who speaks 11 different languages with foreigners while 1 (sell) water, postcards and headdress flowers, have brought her instant fame and received many positive comments. Xu’s village is located at the base of Moon Hill, a popular scenic spot 2 (know) for a moon-shaped hole at the summit. 3 (support) her family, Xu, who dropped out of junior school in the 4 (three) grade, began to learn different languages in order to attract more foreign customers. She has been working 5 a guide and vendor in a county and resort town in Yangshuo since 1998, when the area 6 (become) famous with foreign backpackers and organized tours. Over the past two decades, Xu 7 (teach) herself 11 foreign languages, including English, Spanish, Japanese, German, Hebrew, Korean and so on. In addition to making her very popular, her linguistic prowess (造诣) has made 8 easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists. As a result, Xu has also become one of the 9 (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo. Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors, 10 come to meet the multilingual guide out of admiration. 三、书信写作 假定你是李华，今年暑假你在北京颐和园做志愿者，为外国朋友做向导。请给你的朋友Amanda写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括： 1. 志愿活动； 2. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Amanda, I hope this email finds you well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 2 / 13 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Morals and Virtues Reading for Writing分层作业 基础巩固 一、单句语法填空 1．In addition to leaves, these animals eat a great deal grass. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：除了树叶，这些动物还吃大量的草。分析句子可知，这里考查a great deal of 表“很多”，为固定搭配。故填of。 2．It’s easy to pick him in a crowd because he is very tall. 【答案】out 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在人群中很容易认出他来，因为他个子很高。结合句意可知，此处指“认出来，辨别出”，使用动词短语pick out，故填out。 3．As a matter of fact, in and of itself, the Internet is (harm). 【答案】harmless 【详解】考查形容词。句意：事实上，就其本身而言，互联网是无害的。作表语，表示“无害的”应用形容词harmless，故填harmless。 4．There are plenty of (opportunity) for the creative person to become involved, including workshops and events. 【答案】opportunities 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：对于有创造力的人来说，有很多机会可以参与其中，包括研讨会和活动。plenty of意为“大量的”，空格处用复数opportunities，作主语。故填opportunities。 5．The woman disguised her failure a smile. 【答案】with 【详解】考查介词。句意：那女人用微笑掩饰她的失败。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语disguise sth. with sth.意为“用……掩饰……”符合句意，所以此处使用介词with。故填with。 6．Neither my parents nor my sister (like) swimming. 【答案】likes 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我父母和我妹妹都不喜欢游泳。陈述事实，为一般现在时，遵循就近一致原则，谓语like与 my sister保持一致。故填likes。 7．Losing a child is heartbreaking and countless families (tear) apart in the past decades. 【答案】have been torn 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：失去一个孩子是令人心碎的，在过去的几十年里，无数的家庭被撕裂了。家庭被撕裂，句子用被动语态，由in the past decades可知，句子时态用现在完成时，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，主语families是复数，因此空格处是have been torn，故填have been torn。 8．The father made an attempt (help) his son keep calm before the exam. 【答案】to help 【详解】考查不定式。句意：这位父亲试图在考试前帮助儿子保持冷静。make an attempt to do“试图做某事”为固定短语。故填to help。 9． (variety) of flowers and plants can be the best gift for them. 【答案】Varieties 【详解】考查名词的数和固定短语。句意：各种各样的花和植物是给他们最好的礼物。varieties of“各种各样的”是固定短语。故填Varieties。 10．Students should master some learning skills and study (flexible). 【答案】flexibly　 【详解】考查副词。句意：学生们应该掌握一些学习技巧并灵活地学习。修饰谓语动词study，应用副词，flexibly灵活地，副词，故填flexibly。 二、根据汉语提示单词拼写 11．What do you think this (寓言) is trying to tell us? 【答案】fable 【详解】考查名词。句意：你认为这个寓言想告诉我们什么？根据汉语提示可知，fable寓言，用作可数名词，由空前的“this”可知，此处应用单数形式，在句中作主语，故填fable。 12．I saw her (低语) something in her ear. 【答案】whispering 【详解】考查动词。句意：我看见她在她的耳边嘀咕着什么。根据汉语提示可知，whisper低语，动词，结合句意可知，此处指“看见某人正在做某事”，用see sb doing sth，故填whispering。 13．He crashed into the stone, (洒出) the milk everywhere. 【答案】spilling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他撞在石头上，牛奶洒得到处都是。“洒出”是spill，句中谓语是crashed，空格处用非谓语动词，He和spill之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填spilling。 14．The girl pushed the stone with all her (力量). 【答案】might/strength 【详解】考查名词。句意：那女孩用尽全力推那块石头。“力量、力气”是might/strength，是不可数名词，故填might/strength。 15．The first person down the street was a milkman with his (手推车). 【答案】cart 【详解】考查名词。句意：沿街走的第一个人是一个推着手推车的送奶工。“手推车”是cart，由a milkman可知，一个送奶工推一辆推车，因此空格处用单数，故填cart。 三、根据首字母提示单词拼写 16．He needs a high i to support such a large family. 【答案】income/ncome 【详解】考查名词。句意：他需要高收入来养活这么一大家子人。结合句意及首字母提示可知，income收入，用作可数名词，由空前的a可知应用单数形式，在句中作宾语。故填income。 17．The tennis star left the c after the match. 【答案】court/ourt 【详解】考查名词。句意：网球明星在比赛结束后离开了球场。由“after the match”可知，网球明星在比赛结束后离开了球场，空格处意为“球场”，由首字母提示c可知，是court，此处指一个球场，因此空格处用单数，故填court。 18．Reading in the sun does h to your eyes. 【答案】harm/arm 【详解】考查名词。句意：在太阳下读书对你的眼睛有害。结合句意及首字母提示可知，harm伤害，损害，不可数名词，do harm to对……有害，故填harm。 19．All children were in t because they would graduate and leave their beloved kindergarten. 【答案】tears/ears 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有的孩子都泪流满面，因为他们即将毕业，离开他们心爱的幼儿园。设空处作介词in宾语，根据单词首字母以及句意，可知为短语be in tears表示“泪流满面，哭着”。故填tears。 20．He put on a large hat and sunglasses as a d and hoped no one would recognize him. 【答案】disguise/isguise 【详解】考查名词。句意：他戴上一顶大帽子和太阳镜伪装自己，希望没人能认出他来。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词disguise，作宾语，由a可知，应用单数。故填disguise。 四、选词填空 用方框内短语的适当形式填空（有两项为多余选项） trip over  burst into tears  in despair  pick up  at one’s first attempt  succeed in  come across 21．To my surprise, she suddenly the moment she read the letter. 22．Remove the box from the road or someone might it in the dark. 23．I’m not sure whether I’ll persuading her to join us. Anyway, I’ll try my best. 24．Shelly has been preparing for the test so that she can be sure of passing it . 25．On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to some groceries. 【答案】21．burst into tears 22．trip over 23．succeed in 24．at her first attempt 25．pick up 【解析】21．考查固定短语和时态。句意：令我吃惊的是，她一看信就突然哭了起来。由“To my surprise”可知，句子表示“令我吃惊的是，她一看信就突然哭了起来”，空格处意为“突然哭了起来”，是固定短语burst into tears，由the moment she read the letter可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处动词用过去式，故填burst into tears。 22．考查固定短语。句意：把箱子从路上移开，否则有人会在黑暗中被它绊倒。由“Remove the box from the road or”可知，句子表示“把箱子从路上移开，否则有人会在黑暗中被它绊倒”，空格处意为“被……绊倒”，是固定短语trip over，might是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填trip over。 23．考查固定短语。句意：我不敢确定是否能成功地说服她加入我们。不管怎样，我会尽力的。由“persuading her to join us”可知，句子表示“我不敢确定是否能成功地说服她加入我们”，空格处意为“成功地”，是固定短语succeed in，I’ll是I will的缩写，will是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，构成一般将来时，故填succeed in。 24．考查固定短语。句意：Shelly一直在为考试做准备，这样她就能确信第一次就能通过考试。由“Shelly has been preparing for the test so that”可知，句子表示“Shelly一直在为考试做准备，这样她就能确信第一次就能通过考试”，空格处意为“第一次”，是固定短语at one’s first attempt，由she可知，one’s用her，因此空格处是at her first attempt。故填at her first attempt。 25．考查固定短语和不定式。句意：在巴黎的第一个早晨，我去拐角处的食品市场买了一些杂货。由“I went around the corner to the food market to”可知，句子表示“在巴黎的第一个早晨，我去拐角处的食品市场买了一些杂货”，空格处意为“买”，是固定短语pick up，此处用不定式表目的，空前有to，因此空格处用原形，故填pick up。 五、完成句子 26．电缆都是亮黄色，以防绊倒人。 The cables are all bright yellow to prevent you them. 【答案】 tripping over 【详解】考查动词短语。“绊倒”用动词短语trip over表示，prevent sb. (from) doing.是固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”，所以用动名词短语tripping over作宾语。故填tripping；over。 27．这个地区的许多危墙被拆除了，以防止它们倒塌伤到人。(tear的相关短语) in this area to prevent them from falling down and injuring people. 【答案】Many dangerous walls have been torn down 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“许多危墙被拆除了”，“许多危墙”是many dangerous walls，“拆除”是固定短语tear down，危墙是被拆除，句子用被动语态，根据句意可知，句子时态用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，因此句子用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done，主语many dangerous walls是复数，主谓一致，句首的单词首字母大写，故填Many dangerous walls have been torn down。 28．真让人惊讶，你哥哥这么快就学会了俄语——他在那里住的时间不长。 It’s surprising that your brother has so quickly — he hasn’t lived there very long. 【答案】picked up Russian 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“学会了俄语”，“学会”是固定短语pick up，“俄语”是Russian，由has可知，句子时态是现在完成时，因此pick用过去分词，因此空格处是picked up Russian。故填picked up Russian。 29． your health , you must endeavour to shift off the care of your children . 由于你的身体状况，你必须设法卸掉照看孩子这一负担。 【答案】On account of 【详解】考查介词短语。“由于”应使用介词短语on account of，on置于句首，首字母大写。故填On account of。 30．After much deliberation, the committee decided with the project. 经过深思熟虑后，委员会决定继续推进这个项目。 【答案】to move forward 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“推进”使用动词短语move forward，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，故空处使用动词不定式，故填to move forward。 六、七选五 We youngsters believe that our responsibilities to the country begin only when we enter the workforce. This is because we consider ourselves as helpless to do anything at that time. 31 Raise awareness of important social issues in the country. The voice of the young can make itself heard in areas like education, pollution and health care. These are issues that directly influence our lives and should be taken notice of by us. 32 Support the community by actively participating in volunteering. Volunteers are always needed to assist old people’s homes and other charity organizations. 33 Simple things like cleaning the house, entertaining or listening to the elderly, or making voice recordings for the visually disabled are all within our reach and far more significant than shopping or hanging out at shopping malls. Participate in various activities that promote our environment. Planting new plants and trees to minimize pollution and create a clean environment in which to live. 34 Using one-off materials, such as plastic bags and lunch boxes, also causes burden to nature. We should avoid  these and many other similar behaviors if we want to see a better environment. 35 There are many things we cannot do right now, such as influence public policies, but we may prepare ourselves to be ready when the time comes for us to contribute. A significant amount of time and money has been invested in developing us as young leaders of the future, and we must not ignore our responsibilities. In the end, taking on our responsibilities to our society is a big step in helping to improve life in our country. A．Get well prepared for any possibilities. B．Invest time and money to ensure a better future. C．Other efficient strategies include not littering in the streets. D．As a result, we postpone any duty until we enter the workplace. E．But we should realize that there are roles we may play at the moment. F．Thus, by providing our services regularly, we are promoting a caring culture. G．By showing that we care about our society, we can better ourselves and our country. 【答案】31．E 32．G 33．F 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了年轻人应该为社会承担的责任。 31．上文“We youngsters believe that our responsibilities to the country begin only when we enter the workforce. This is because we consider ourselves as helpless to do anything at that time.(我们年轻人认为，只有当我们进入劳动力市场时，我们对国家的责任才开始。这是因为我们觉得自己在那个时候无能为力。)”说明年轻人可能感觉为国家和社会做不出什么贡献，选项E“但是我们应该意识到我们现在可能扮演的角色。”承接上文，与上文构成转折关系，年轻人并不是做不出什么贡献，年轻人对社会也有用，也有需要承担的责任。故选E项。 32．上文“Raise awareness of important social issues in the country. The voice of the young can make itself heard in areas like education, pollution and health care. These are issues that directly influence our lives and should be taken notice of by us.(提高对国家重要社会问题的认识。年轻人的声音可以在教育、污染和医疗保健等领域被听到。这些都是直接影响我们生活的问题，应该引起我们的注意。)”说明年轻人对社会问题的关系是有作用的，选项G“通过展示出我们对社会的关心，我们可以让自己和国家变得更好。”承接上文，进一步说明了年轻人关心社会问题的作用，可以让自己和国家变得更好。故选G项。 33．上文“Support the community by actively participating in volunteering. Volunteers are always needed to assist old people's homes and other charity organizations.(积极参与志愿服务，支持社区。志愿者总是需要帮助养老院和其他慈善组织。)”说明建议参加志愿服务，帮助老弱病残等需要帮助的人，选项F“因此，通过定期提供服务，我们在提倡关怀的文化。”承接上文，说明了年轻人去当志愿者的作用。F项中“providing our services”与上文中“volunteering”相呼应。故选F项。 34．上文“Participate in various activities that promote our environment. Planting new plants and trees to minimize pollution and create a clean environment in which to live.(参加各种活动，促进我们的环境。种植新的植物和树木，以尽量减少污染，创造一个清洁的生活环境。)”说明参加各种活动，创造干净的生活环境，选项C“其他有效的策略包括不在街上乱扔垃圾。”承接上文，是创造干净环境的一种方法。故选C项。 35．下文“There are many things we cannot do right now, such as influence public policies, but we may prepare ourselves to be ready when the time comes for us to contribute.(有很多事情我们现在不能做，比如影响公共政策，但我们可以做好准备，当我们做出贡献的时候。)”说明虽然有些事情，年轻人现在不能做，但可以为将来做好准备，选项A“为各种可能性做好充分准备”概括本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A项。 能力提升 一、完形填空 With hundreds of tons of unsold vegetables and fruits sent to landfills at the end of each market day, the Central de Abastos has become the largest source of food waste in Mexico City. When De Paz Fuentes noticed the 1 , he partnered with the market to turn the wasted food into 2 for the hungry. Since 2020, his program, the Itacate, has 3 the market’s daily food waste by 24% and 4 almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city. “Efforts like this are 5 ,” says Gutiérrez, who is one of the businessmen taking part in the program. “Now, if I have too many vegetables and won’t be able to 6 them, I call the Itacate.” When Gutiérrez makes the call, a volunteer 7 at Gutiérrez’s shop and helps donate (捐赠) the unsold 8 among the city’s 450 soup kitchens, which 9 80,000 meals a day. Just across the street from the Central de Abastos is one of the city’s largest soup kitchens. There, Leonardo Bautista, 62, is eating lunch after a(n) 10 cleaning onions and green tomatoes at the market. The soup kitchen is the only place where he can get a(n) 11 meal near his workplace. “It’s 12 to eat at the market,” he explains, “about $3.50 for lunch, which is almost half of my daily salary.” Some shop owners 13 they are familiar with the program, but still often throw away 14 food because it takes too much time to make a 15 . 1．A．market B．view C．problem D．position 2．A．meals B．chemicals C．drinks D．ruins 3．A．produced B．reduced C．bought D．exchanged 4．A．planted B．cut C．lost D．delivered 5．A．meaningful B．wasteful C．troublesome D．perfect 6．A．grow B．sell C．rent D．count 7．A．signs up B．checks out C．shows up D．gives in 8．A．fruits B．chickens C．cakes D．vegetables 9．A．buy B．serve C．destroy D．need 10．A．morning B．day C．evening D．afternoon 11．A．tasty B．sweet C．unacceptable D．affordable 12．A．hot B．inconvenient C．expensive D．fun 13．A．apologize B．think C．realize D．admit 14．A．poisonous B．eatable C．cold D．cheap 15．A．donation B．call C．decision D．living 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了德·帕斯·富恩特斯注意到了市场上食物浪费的问题，于是成立了Itacate项目来捐赠这些卖不出去的食物。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当德·帕斯·富恩特斯注意到这个问题时，他与市场合作，把浪费的食物变成了饥饿者的食物。A. market市场；B. view观点；C. problem问题；D. position位置。根据上文“With hundreds of tons of unsold vegetables and fruits sent to landfills at the end of each market day, the Central de Abastos has become the largest source of food waste in Mexico City.”可知，此处指德·帕斯·富恩特斯注意到墨西哥城的食物浪费问题。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当德·帕斯·富恩特斯注意到这个问题时，他与市场合作，把浪费的食物变成了饥饿者的食物。A. meals饭菜；B. chemicals化学品；C. drinks饮料；D. ruins废墟。根据上文“the wasted food”以及后文“the hungry”可知，他将浪费的食物变成饥饿者的饭菜。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年以来，他的Itacate项目已将市场的每日食物浪费减少了24%，并向全市各地的救济厨房运送了近800吨食物。A. produced产生；B. reduced减少；C. bought购买；D. exchanged交换。根据后文“the market’s daily food waste by 24%”以及他的主要目的是减少食物浪费，所以此处指Itacate项目已将市场的每日食物浪费减少了24%，故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年以来，他的Itacate项目已将市场的每日食物浪费减少了24%，并向全市各地的救济厨房运送了近800吨食物。A. planted种植；B. cut切割；C. lost丢失；D. delivered投递，运送。根据后文“almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city”可知，Itacate项目向全市各地的救济厨房运送了近800吨食物。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这样的努力是有意义的，”Gutiérrez说，他是参加这个项目的商人之一。A. meaningful有意义的；B. wasteful浪费的；C. troublesome麻烦的；D. perfect完美的。根据上文“Since 2020, his program, the Itacate, has ___3___ the market’s daily food waste by 24% and ___4___ almost 800 tons of food to soup kitchens across the city.”可知，项目减少了食物浪费，为许多人提供了食物，所以此处指这样的努力是有意义的。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在，如果我的蔬菜太多，卖不出去，我就打电话给Itacate。”A. grow生长；B. sell出售，售卖；C. rent租赁；D. count计算。根据下文“I call the Itacate”以及“ When Gutiérrez makes the call, a volunteer ___7___ at Gutiérrez’s shop and helps donate (捐赠) the unsold ___8___ among the city’s 450 soup kitchens”可知，此处指蔬菜太多，卖不出去的情况。故选B。 7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Gutiérrez打电话时，一名志愿者出现在Gutiérrez的商店，帮助将未售出的蔬菜捐赠给该市450个流动厨房，这些厨房每天提供8万顿饭。A. signs up报名；B. checks out结账；C. shows up如约赶到，出现；D. gives in屈服。根据后文“at Gutiérrez’s shop and helps donate the unsold”可知，打过电话后，志愿者就会出现在商店里回收蔬菜。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Gutiérrez打电话时，一名志愿者出现在Gutiérrez的商店，帮助将未售出的蔬菜捐赠给该市450个流动厨房，这些厨房每天提供8万顿饭。A. fruits水果；B. chickens鸡；C. cakes蛋糕；D. vegetables蔬菜。根据上文“I have too many vegetables”可知，回收的是蔬菜。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Gutiérrez打电话时，一名志愿者出现在Gutiérrez的商店，帮助将未售出的蔬菜捐赠给该市450个流动厨房，这些厨房每天提供8万顿饭。A. buy购买；B. serve提供餐饮，服务；C. destroy破坏；D. need需要。根据上文“the city’s 450 soup kitchens”以及空后“80,000 meals a day”可知此处指提供饭菜，应用动词serve。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，62岁的莱昂纳多·包蒂斯塔正在吃午饭，他在市场上清理了一个上午的洋葱和绿西红柿。A. morning早上；B. day天；C. evening晚上；D. afternoon下午。根据上文“There, Leonardo Bautista, 62, is eating lunch”可知，在吃午饭，说明早上去清理了蔬菜。故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：救济厨房是他唯一能在工作场所附近吃得起饭的地方。A. tasty美味的；B. sweet甜美的；C. unacceptable不可接受的；D. affordable支付得起的。根据后文“about $3.50 for lunch”可知，在市场上吃饭很贵，推测救济厨房是他唯一能在工作场所附近吃得起饭的地方。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“在市场上吃饭很贵，”他解释说，“一顿午餐大约3.5美元，这几乎是我一天工资的一半。”A. hot热的；B. inconvenient不方便的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. fun有趣的。根据后文“about $3.50 for lunch, which is almost half of my daily salary”可知，市场上吃饭昂贵，负担不起。故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些店主承认，他们对这项计划很熟悉，但仍然经常扔掉可食用的食物，因为捐赠需要花费太多时间。A. apologize道歉；B. think认为；C. realize意识到；D. admit承认。根据后文“they are familiar with the program”可知，一些店主承认，他们对这项计划很熟悉，故选D。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些店主承认，他们对这项计划很熟悉，但仍然经常扔掉可食用的食物，因为捐赠需要花费太多时间。A. poisonous有毒的；B. eatable可吃的；C. cold寒冷的；D. cheap便宜的。根据上文“they are familiar with the program, but still often throw away”中but表示转折，说明店主对这项计划很熟悉，但仍然经常扔掉可食用的食物，后文说明了原因。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些店主承认，他们对这项计划很熟悉，但仍然经常扔掉可食用的食物，因为捐赠需要花费太多时间。A. donation捐赠；B. call电话；C. decision决定；D. living生活方式，生计。根据上文“because it takes too much time to make a”以及“helps donate the unsold”可知，一些店主扔掉食物是因为捐赠需要花费太多时间。故选A。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空自处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen, who speaks 11 different languages with foreigners while 1 (sell) water, postcards and headdress flowers, have brought her instant fame and received many positive comments. Xu’s village is located at the base of Moon Hill, a popular scenic spot 2 (know) for a moon-shaped hole at the summit. 3 (support) her family, Xu, who dropped out of junior school in the 4 (three) grade, began to learn different languages in order to attract more foreign customers. She has been working 5 a guide and vendor in a county and resort town in Yangshuo since 1998, when the area 6 (become) famous with foreign backpackers and organized tours. Over the past two decades, Xu 7 (teach) herself 11 foreign languages, including English, Spanish, Japanese, German, Hebrew, Korean and so on. In addition to making her very popular, her linguistic prowess (造诣) has made 8 easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists. As a result, Xu has also become one of the 9 (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo. Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors, 10 come to meet the multilingual guide out of admiration. 【答案】 1．selling 2．known 3．To support 4．third 5．as 6．became 7．has taught/has been teaching 8．it 9．busiest 10．who 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了77岁的徐秀珍通过自学11种语言成为阳朔著名且忙碌的导游的故事。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：77岁的徐秀珍在卖水、明信片和头饰花的过程中，会用11种不同的语言与外国人沟通，她的视频让她一炮而红，得到了很多积极的评价。空处应用非谓语动词和while构成时间状语，sell和逻辑主语Xu Xiuzhen之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填selling。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：徐的村庄位于月亮山脚下，这是一个著名的景点，山顶有一个月亮形状的洞而闻名。句子已有谓语动词“is located”，空处应用非谓语动词，scenic spot与know之间为被动关系，需用过去分词known作后置定语。故填known。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了养家糊口，初中三年级就辍学的徐秀珍开始学习不同的语言，以吸引更多的外国顾客。分析句子结构可知，空处需用不定式to support her family作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To support。 4．考查序数词。句意：为了养家糊口，初中三年级就辍学的徐秀珍开始学习不同的语言，以吸引更多的外国顾客。根据句意和空前“dropped out of junior school in the”可知，空处需用序数词third修饰grade，表示“三年级”。故填third。 5．考查介词。句意：自1998年以来，她一直在阳朔的一个县城和度假小镇担任导游和商贩，当时该地区因外国背包客和组织旅游而闻名。work as“以……（身份）工作”是固定搭配。故填as。 6．考查动词时态。句意：自1998年以来，她一直在阳朔的一个县城和度假小镇担任导游和商贩，当时该地区因外国背包客和组织旅游而闻名。空处是when引导从句的谓语动词，根据“1998”可知，从句描述的是1998年的事情，时态需用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式形式。故填became。 7．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的二十年里，徐秀珍自学了11门外语，包括英语、西班牙语、日语、德语、希伯来语、韩语等。根据时间状语“Over the past two decades”可知，这里应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或持续到现在的动作，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has taught/has been teaching。 8．考查代词。句意：除了让她非常受欢迎之外，她的语言造诣也让她更容易与外国游客交流。根据句意可知，空处需用代词it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式to communicate with foreign tourists。故填it。 9．考查形容词最高级。句意：因此，徐秀珍也成为阳朔最忙的导游之一。根据one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”可知，空处需用形容词最高级busiest作定语，表示“最忙的”。故填busiest。 10．考查定语从句。句意：她的名声每天都能吸引一大群游客，尤其是外国游客，他们出于对这位多语种导游的钦佩而来见她。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词visitors，指人，且从句中缺少主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 三、书信写作 假定你是李华，今年暑假你在北京颐和园做志愿者，为外国朋友做向导。请给你的朋友Amanda写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括： 1. 志愿活动； 2. 你的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Amanda, I hope this email finds you well. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Amanda, I hope this email finds you well. This summer, I’ve been volunteering as a guide at the Summer Palace in Beijing. It’s been an amazing experience! I’ve been helping foreign friends explore this beautiful historical site, sharing stories and culture. Every day is filled with new encounters and fascinating conversations. The smiles and thanks I receive make it all worthwhile. I’ve also improved my English and gained a deeper understanding of different cultures. This opportunity has truly been enriching and rewarding. Wish you were here to join me! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，给朋友Amanda写一封邮件，分享自己在北京颐和园做志愿者，为外国朋友做向导的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 了不起的：amazing → marvelous 帮助：help → assist 充满：be filled with → be full of 机会：opportunity → chance 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I’ve been volunteering as a guide at the Summer Palace in Beijing. It’s been an amazing experience! 拓展句：I’ve been volunteering as a guide at the Summer Palace in Beijing, which has been an amazing experience! 【点睛】[高分句型1] The smiles and thanks I receive make it all worthwhile. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句) [高分句型2] Wish you were here to join me!(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句和虚拟语气) 2 / 13 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$