第2部分 专题7 冠词(课件PPT)-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册（人教版 河北专用）

2025河北 英 语 课堂精讲册 1 第二部分 语法知识精讲练 一、词类 专题七 冠词 （词语运用：8年8考） 2 中考解读：冠词是河北近8年中考的必考点，在词语运用中 考查不定冠词盲填。 3 考点讲解 ►不定冠词a/an 1.基本用法 用法 示例/例句 泛指某人、某物、某类人或 某类事物 A boy is waiting for you outside. 用在首次提到的表示人或物 的名词前 There is a tree in front of my house. 4 用法 示例/例句 表示数量“一”，相当于one I want to buy a dictionary. 用在表示时间、长度、价格 等意义的名词前, 表示“每 一”，相当于every Take the medicine three times a day. 续表 5 用法 示例/例句 用于“序数词+名词/代词” 前，表示“又一……, 再 一……” You can try a second time if you fail. 用于固定搭配中 have a try take a walk in a word 续表 6 2.a和an的区别 a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an用在以元音音素开头的 单词前。如：a big house一所大房子； an old man一位老人。 7 1. 元音音素≠元音字母；辅音音素≠辅音字母。判断一个名词前 用a还是an，是根据其首字母发音，而不是根据其首字母形式， 有些单词的首字母不发音，用a还是an取决于开头发音的是元音 音素还是辅音音素。如：an hour; an honest man； a European man。 8 2.要注意区别以“u”开头的单词：当“u”发/ju:/时，单词前用a；当 “u”发/ʌ/时，单词前用an，如：an umbrella; an unhappy day。常 见词汇有： a： a useful invention, a university, a UFO, a usual day an： an umbrella, an uncle, an ugly man, an unhappy ending, an unusual day 9 ►定冠词the 用法 示例/例句 用于双方都知道的人或事物前 Give me the pen， please！ 特指上文已提到的人或事物 My mother bought me a book. The book is very interesting. 表示世界上独一无二的事物 The earth moves around the sun. 10 用法 示例/例句 用于序数词前或形容词、副词 最高级前（副词最高级前可以 省略） The second girl is the shortest, but she runs （the） fastest of all. 用于形容词前， 表示一类人或 事物 The young should respect the old. 续表 11 用法 示例/例句 用于姓氏复数前， 表示一家人 或夫妻双方 The Whites are going to have a picnic tomorrow. 用于表示方位的名词前 Xinjiang lies in the northwest of China. 用于西洋乐器名称前 He plays the piano very well. 用于由普通名词构成的专有名 词前 the Great Wall长城 the Summer Palace 颐和园 续表 12 ►零冠词 不用冠词的情况 示例/例句 不可数名词表泛指 Paper is made from wood. 可数名词复数表泛指 Children should learn to be independent. 人名、地名、国名等 专有名词前 Tony is a kind boy. He comes from Canada. 特殊记：the US the UK the UN 三餐、球类、棋类、 学科和语言前 have breakfast play basketball play chess learn English 13 不用冠词的情况 示例/例句 西方节日、季节、月 份、星期前 on Christmas Day in summer in February on Monday by与交通工具连用时 by bike by train 续表 14 不用冠词的情况 示例/例句 名词前有物主代词、 指示代词、不定代 词、疑问代词或名词 所有格修饰时 her cup that cup both cups which cup Nancy’s cup 头衔或称呼前 This is Professor Wu. 续表 15 不用冠词的情况 示例/例句 “专有名词+普通名词” 构成的街名、路名、 山名等词前 Hainan Island Nanjing Road 续表 16 1.以下短语带the和不带the时，含义不同： 不使用the 使用the at table在吃饭 at the table在桌子旁 by sea乘船；海运 by the sea在海边 go to bed上床睡觉 go to the bed朝床边走去 go to school去上学 go to the school去学校 17 不使用the 使用the in bed（睡、病、躺）在床 上 in the bed（某人、某物）在床上 in class在课堂上 in the class在班里 in front of在……前面 （外部） in the front of在……前面（内部） 续表 18 不使用the 使用the in future从今以后 in the future在未来 in hospital生病住院 in the hospital在医院里（工作、探 望病人等） on earth究竟 on the earth在地球上 take place发生 take the place of 代替……的位置 续表 19 2.以下短语/搭配使用的冠词不同，含义不同： 用a 用the a number of许多 the number of ……的数量 a+序数词+名词 再一/又一……。 如： She has two watches, and she wants to have a third one. the+序数词+名词 第…… 个……。如： He is the third student to get the prize. 20 考点测验 盲填 1.（2024临夏改编）Linda often plays ____ piano after school. 2.（2024齐齐哈尔改编）It’s reported that it’ll be rainy today. Remember to take ____ umbrella with you, Cindy. 3.（2024白银改编）I bought a new computer last weekend. _____ computer is made in China. the an The 21 4.Jenny, let’s go for ___ picnic this Saturday. 5.The doctor warned me that it is important to have medical examinations once ___ year. 6.He has failed three times, but he won’t give up any chance. He will try ___ fourth time. 7._____ Greens have been in China for 20 years, so they can speak Chinese very well. 8.June is ____ sixth month of the year. It comes between May and July. a a a The the 22 9.___ large number of African people are still in great need of clean water and free education. 10.As we all know, ____ sun rises in the east. 11.The film was ___ great success during the Spring Festival. 12.Now I’m ____ adult, and I can make my own decisions about my lifestyle. A the a an 23 13.After dinner, I usually take ___ walk on the beach with my parents. 14.Living in Africa was ____ unusual experience for me. 15.My shirt is on ____ chair in the bedroom, maybe. 16.Making a mind map is ___ useful method of study. You can have a try. 17.As is known to us all, ____ tiger is in danger of becoming extinct. a an the a the 24 18.We all make mistakes, so everybody should be given ___ second chance. 19.Although Tom is only ____ 8-year-old boy, he can do lots of housework. 20.This style was created in the nineteenth century by ____ American poet. 21.In Journey to the West, Monkey King keeps fighting to help ____ weak. a an an the 25 22.Eric is a kind and helpful boy and I’m very lucky to have ___ friend like him. 23.My mother always tells me to be ____ honest kid today and a useful man in the future. 24.Natalia, an exchange student from Spain, is ___ university student in Sichuan now. a an a 26 语法知识滚动练 短文填空（2024连云港改编） Community connects us with each other. A community is 1.___ place where people live, work and play together. It’s just like 2.___ school, where students help each other to learn. People in a community help one another, too. They work together like 3.___ team. a a a 27 People in a community have different 4.______ （skill）.They often help neighbors 5._____ all kinds of problems. 6._____ example, sometimes people do not feel well. 7._____ doctors and nurses will make them feel better. There are also some 8.__________（engineer）. They may help people fix 9.______（they） broken bicycles or machines. When people don’t know what to wear to 10.___ party or how to design their homes, the artists will give them some advice. skills with For The engineers their a Some college students work 11.____ volunteers in their spare time. They often do some cleaning for 12.____ old and help students with their homework. Community is not a building or 13.____ organization. It is like 14.___ big family. Members of a community have 15.___ sense of trust, safety and caring for each other. as the an a a 30 $$