Unit 2 I‘ll help to clean up the dirty parks第3课时 Grammar Focus-【木牍教育】2024-2025学年八年级英语下册同步教学优质课件（人教版）

英语 RJ 八年级 下册 木牍教育-教学设计中心 制作 ※ 建议使用WPS2019打开。 人教八年级下册 Unit 2 Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks. Grammar Focus By the end of the class, you will be able to Objectives 1. Curriculum words & Useful expressions: raise, midnight, alone; put up, be busy with, be worried about, raise money for 3. Sentences： ①I’d like to help homeless people. ②You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids... 2. Grammar：①短语动词 ②动词不定式 课时A计划 If we are volunteers, we could ... visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up help to clean up the street help children with their homework ... Free talk 课时A计划 Grammar focus I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school. Read the sentences together and circle the phrasal verbs. 课时A计划 Phrasal verbs 短语动词 短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语（idioms），其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。 课时A计划 动词 + 介词 常见短语动词的类型和用法 相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语，且宾语只能位于介词之后。 look after 照顾 look at 看 think about 考虑 agree with 同意 care for 非常喜欢；照顾 wait for 等待 课时A计划 动词 + 副词 ①可看作及物动词，名词作宾语时，可位于动词与副词之间或副词之后；代词作宾语时；只能位于动词与副词之间。 ②有的也可看作不及物动词。 cheer up 振奋起来 give up 放弃 clean up 打扫干净 put off 推迟 take away 拿走 fix up 修理 turn down 调低；拒绝 课时A计划 动词 + 副词 + 介词 相当于及物动词， 宾语位于介词之后。 catch up with 赶上 come up with 想出 look forward to 期望 run out of 用完，耗尽 课时A计划 动词 + 名词 + 介词 相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语位于介词之后。 make fun of 取笑 make use of 利用 pay attention to 注意 take care of 照顾 make friends with 与……交往 课时A计划 1. I want to ______ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. I’m too busy with my studies this year. 2. She hopes to _______ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs. Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box. 4a be busy with... 忙于，后接名词或代词 put off call up put up hand out call up cheer up come up with give out put off 课时A计划 3. Our class is trying to ____________ some ideas to ________ sick children because they are often sad. 4. We decided to ______ signs around the school and ________ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will _______ the money from the sale to homeless people. come up with cheer up put up hand out give out put up hand out call up cheer up come up with give out put off 课时A计划 I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school. Read the sentences together and underline the infinitive structures. I’d like to do ask sb. to do volunteer…to do learn to do decide to do help sb. to do make…to do let sb. do help sb. do Grammar focus 课时A计划 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时to可省略。它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。其否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。 Infinitives 动词不定式 课时A计划 1. 动词不定式作主语 To make a lot of money is my dream. It is my dream to make a lot of money. 动词不定式作主语时，通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词用单数形式。不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。 形式主语 真正主语 课时A计划 不定式作主语，用it作形式主语，主要有三种情况。 （1）It is +名词 + to do sth. It’s our duty to take good care of the old. （2）It takes sb. +some time + to do sth. It takes us two hours to finish the work. （3）It is+adj. (+for/of sb.)+to do sth. It is very important for young people to learn to swim. It is clever of you to do that. 课时A计划 2. 动词不定式作表语 不定式作表语常放在____动词之后。 be My dream is to make a lot of money . My duty is to look after the animals 课时A计划 3. 动词不定式作宾语 V.+ to do sth. 想要 拒绝 忘记 (want, refuse, forget) 需要 努力 学习 (need, try, learn） 选择 同意 帮助 (choose, agree, help） 希望 决定 开始 (hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start） 课时A计划 feel, find, make, think等动词后如果是不定式作宾语，宾语补足语是形容词或名词，常用it作形式宾语，把不定式放到宾语补足语之后。 I find it necessary to have breakfast. 不定式作宾语的特殊情况： 课时A计划 4. 动词不定式作宾语补足语 1. I want to be a doctor, but my parents want me to be a teacher. 2. Lucy told him not to give up. 宾语补足语： V.+ sb. (not) to do sth. want sb. to do sth. tell sb. not to do sth. 课时A计划 作宾补的特殊情况 有一些动词后用作宾语补足语不定式通常不带to，这样的动词主要有三看 ( see, watch, notice )、三让( let, make, have )、二听( hear, listen to )、一感觉( feel )。 I saw her get into the car. His parents make him sweep the floor. The teachers often help us (to) solve problems. 【特别提醒】：动词不定式在help后作宾补时，可带to也可不带to。 课时A计划 5. 动词不定式作定语 1. We have a lot of homework to do. 2. We don’t have enough time to relax ourselves. 3.We have so many things to worry about. 不定式作定语，如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，该动词要带上介词。 动词不定式作定语时通常要放在所修饰词之后。 课时A计划 6. 动词不定式作状语 1) They will go to the station to meet their parents. =To meet their parents, they will go to the station. 2) The boy was too frightened to move. 3) I’m sorry to trouble you. (目的) (结果) （原因） 课时A计划 7. 疑问词+不定式 疑问词who, what, which, where, when, how 加to do可构成不定式短语, 在句中可用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。 When to start has not been decided. (主语) I don’t know what to do. (宾语) He can tell you where to get the book. (宾补) The question is who(m) to ask. (表语) 课时A计划 Some people today are only worried about getting good jobs _______ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _____ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do ______ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box. 4b help move do make visit spend to make to do to help be worried about 担心…… 课时A计划 Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way _______ our free time. For example, we can make plans _______ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year _______ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there. help move do make visit spend to spend to visit to move 为……筹款 课时A计划 1. I’d like to volunteer ________________________________________ __________________________. 2. At 12:00 midnight, I called my friend __________________________ __________________________. 3. I’m very busy but I could help _________________________________ __________________________. Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives. 4c at the food bank and help to give out food to homeless people to ask him an important question to paint the house for a few hours tomorrow 课时A计划 4. Summer vacation is coming, and I want _______________________________________. 5. I want to travel alone. My parents told me (not) ________________________________________ ____________. to visit my grandparents in Hunan not to do that because I am too young and it is not safe 课时A计划 短语动词 类型及用法 相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后 相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词，宾语位于介词后 相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语(须位于介词后) 可看作及物动词，名词可位于之间或之后，代词只能位于中间 有的也可看作不及物动词 动词+介词 动词+副词 动词+副词+介词 动词+名词+介词 Summary 课时A计划 Summary 动词不定式 want, refuse, forget; need, try, learn; choose, agree, help; hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start 形式：to+动词原形(to有时省略)，否定：not to+动词原形 没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语 概述 用法 作宾语 谓语动词用单数 ask, tell, want, teach, wish, help, warn, invite, encourage 作宾补 作目的状语 作定语 作表语 作主语 可放句首，一般用逗号隔开，也可放句尾 通常放在所修饰词之后 课时A计划 Homework Homework Finish the task in KESHI A JIHUA. 课时A计划 Thanks Class is over! Bye! 人教八年级下册 Unit 2 课时A计划 $$