Unit 2 Section A（Grammar Focus 3a-3d）（同步课件）-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步教学精品课件（人教版2024）

Section A What rules do we follow? Grammar 3a-3d Unit 2 No Rules, No Order Learning Aims 语言能力 文化意识 思维品质 学习能力 学生能够准确识别和理解祈使句（Do 型、Be 型、Let 型、No + 动词 - ing / 名词！、Never + 动词原形！）的结构与用法，在不同场景下正确运用祈使句表达指令、规则或建议，如在描述地铁规则、学校规则等时能准确使用 通过阅读例句、分析句子结构和小组讨论等活动，培养自主观察、归纳总结语法规则的能力，如总结祈使句和情态动词的用法规律。 通过小组合作制定规则和设计标识活动，激发创新思维，能够提出新颖、合理的规则和标识设计，如为图书馆设计独特且有效的安静标识。 通过了解不同场景（如地铁、学校、图书馆等）的规则，认识到规则在不同文化背景下对于维护社会秩序、保障公共安全和促进人际交往的重要性，增强对社会文化规范的理解和尊重。 Don’t arrive/be late for class! Eat in the dinning hall. Don’t sleep in class. Let’s look and say. Play basketball in P.E. class. Listen to the teacher carefully. Do homework on time. Let’s look and say. Let’s look and say. Don’t arrive late for school/class. 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂。 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong13 5 Let’s look and say. Don’t run in the hallways. 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂。 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong13 6 Don’t eat in the classroom. Let’s look and say. 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂。 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong13 7 Don’t listen to music in class. Let’s look and say. 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂。 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong13 8 School Rules Don’t eat in the classroom. Don’t run in the hallways. Don’t arrive/be late for class. Don’t fight. Don’t listen to music in class. No,we can't.We can't... Can we…? We must... But we can... Choose and make up new sentences. Don’t smoke! No smoking! Talk about rules in our life: Look at the signs and talk about them in different ways. Lead in: Don’t talk aloud! Be/ Keep quiet! Don’t take photos! No photos! Don’t eat here! No food/eating! Don’t fight! No fighting! Don’t listen to music! No music! Look at these signs and guess their meanings. No fishing! Don’t pick the flowers. You mustn’t smoke here. Don’t fish here! No picking the flowers. No smoking! rules No smoking No music Don’t litter No eating or drinking Don’ t use your phone in class. No mobile phones. Keep silence Don’ t talk in class. Be quiet in class. 其他类型的否定祈使句 (1) No+v-ing! / No+名词! No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! No parking! 禁止停车! No photos! 禁止拍照! No littering!禁止乱扔垃圾！ (2) never 代替don’t 来加强语气。 Never give up! 决不放弃! Read the sentences and discuss with your group members about the types and make a summary. Walk in the hallway. Don’t run! Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter. Can we bring our phones to class? No,we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. Can we eat snacks in class? No,we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall. 3a Read the sentences. Do the verbs in bold need to change forms? Why? 祈使句 情态动词 3a Read the sentences. Do the verbs in bold need to change forms? Why? Walk in the hallway. Don’t run! Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter. Can we bring our phones to class? No,we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. Can we eat snacks in class? No,we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall. 祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。在祈使句中，通常省略主语you，其肯定形式以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加don’t。祈使句句尾用句号或感叹号，读时用降调。为表示礼貌，可以在句首或句尾加上please。句末用please时，前面通常加逗号。 语法概述 1.祈使句 1.Don’t eat in the classroom. 2.Open the door! 3.Look at the blackboard. 4.Please be careful! 5.Stand up, please! 1.主语（多数是You,一般省略） 2.开头：动词原形 3.否定形式：Don’t ＋动词原形 4.为了表达委婉的语气，可在 句首,句末加上please。 5.祈使句用降调。 19 肯定祈使句 1.__________（open）the door for me, please！ 2._________ （be ）careful when you go out at night! 3.--Let ’s _______(play) the piano for half an hour. --That sounds good. Do型 Be型 Let型 Open Be play 以动词原形开头 Be ＋adj. let＋sb.＋动词原形 Listen to me! Be quick! Let ’s walk! 20 否定祈使句 Don’t型 No型 Let否定型 Don't ＋动词原形开头 No ＋n./v. ＋ ing Don’t let…＋动词原形 Don’t talk! No photos! Don’t let him go in! 1.Don’t _______（talk）in class！ 2.No ________ (run), it's dangerous to do so ! 3.Don’t let him ___（eat）in class. talk running eat 21 3a Read the sentences. Do the verbs in bold need to change forms? Why? Walk in the hallway. Don’t run! Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter. Can we bring our phones to class? No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. Can we eat snacks in class? No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall. can, must, have to后接动词原形。 2. 2.情态动词 1.can的意思是“能够；允许“，还可表示“能力” 。 2. have to表“必须”时与must意义接近，有时可与must互换，但have to所表示的“必须”更侧重于客观需要。have to有人称和数的变化。 3.情态动词must通常表示说话人的主观看法，“必须”。无人称和数的变化 ，不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。其否定形式为mustn't，“不准；禁止”。 can 能，能够 （表示许可） —Can I sit here?我可以坐这儿吗？     —No, you can’t.不, 你不能。 can 能，会 （表示能力） —Can you play basketball?你会打篮球吗？      —Yes, I can.是的, 我会。 can 可以 （表示请求） 1.can的意思是“能够；允许“，还可表示“能力” 。 根据句意，用can和can’t填空。 1. Mr Green_______ smoke here because there’s a sign on the wall. It says “No smoking.” 2. It’s very hot outside. You______ wear a hat. can’t can 3. We _______ eat in the classroom because it’s impolite to teachers. 4. I ______ go to bed after 11:00 on school night. 5. The students _____ read books and magazines in the library. can’t can can’t 2. have to表示“必须”、“不得不”，与must意义接近，有时可与must互换，但have to所表示的“必须”更侧重于客观需要。have to有人称和数的变化。 have to 三单现形式为has to, 过去式为had to 例：He has to stay in bed for 3 or 4 days. We have to get up early tomorrow. have to可用在不同时态中，有人称和数的变化。 结构:1.肯定形式：主语＋ have to ＋动词原形＋其他 has to(一般现在时, 单三式) 2.否定形式:“不必”主语＋ don't have to＋动词原形＋其他 doesn't have to(一般现在时，单三式) 3.疑问句: Do (Does) ＋主语＋have to ＋动词原形＋其他? 用have to或has to填空。 1.We ________ clean our classroom after school. 2.She _________ make her bed after getting up. 3.It’s late. Mr Beckman ______ go to work by car. 4.Emily and Peter join a music club. They _______ practice the guitar every day. have to have to has to has to （1）. must 表示“必须”、“应该”。 例：We must listen to the teacher carefully in class. 我们必须专心听讲。 Everyone must obey the school rules. 每个人必须遵守校规。 3.情态动词must通常表示说话人的主观看法，“必须”。无人称和数的变化 ，不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。其否定形式为mustn't，“不准；禁止”。 must “必须”、“应该”的用法: 2. must的否定形式must not=mustn’t表示“不应该”、“禁止”、“不准”。语气比较强烈。 例：You mustn’t talk in class. 你上课不准讲话。 We mustn’t be late for school. 我们上学禁止迟到。 3.must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，但否定回答用needn’t 或don’t have to。而不用mustn’t来回答 —Must I do my homework before 8 this evening? —Yes, you must. —No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to. 例如： 我不得不在家照顾我弟弟。 ______________________________ 孩子们必须6点前回来。 ______________________________ I have to look after my brother at home. The children must be back before 6 o’clock. 例如： 尼克不必穿制服。 ______________________________ -周末你必须呆在家里吗? -是的, 我必须。/不, 我不必。 ______________________________ Nick doesn’t have to wear a uniform. --Do you have to stay at home on weekends?  --Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.  词(组) 用法 否定形式 have to 必须；不得不 强调客观存在的必要性，含有不情愿的色彩，不能用来表示推测。有时态、人称和数的变化。 don't/doesn't have to意为“不必；不必要”，相当于needn't。 must 必须；一定 表示说话人的主观意志和看法，含有自觉、自愿的色彩，不能用于过去时或将来时，也没有人称和数的变化。可以用来表示推测， 意为“准是；一定” mustn't表示“禁止；不允许；一定不要”。 辨析have to 与must 总结 1. Don’t jump the queue. You ______________ wait your turn. 2. I _____ feed my dog many kinds of food, but I ____give him chocolate. It is bad for him! 3. A: Can I leave the classroom if I don’t feel well? B: Yes, but you ___________ tell your teacher about it when you ______ be absent from class. 4. A: Hey! Can I look at your book? B: Shh, we ___________ talk quietly in the library. 5. A: Can you put on your seat belt? We ___________ wear one when we’re in a car. B: Sure. Thanks! Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t. have to / must can have to / must have to can’t have to/must have to/must 3b jump the queue 插队 wait your turn 等待你的顺序 feed my dog 喂狗 leave 离开 be absent from 缺席 quietly 安静地 put on the seat belt 系上安全带 Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs. Do not eat or drink. No eating or drinking. You can’t / mustn’t eat or drink. 3c Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs. Do not park here. No parking. You can’t / mustn’t park here. Do not take photos here. No photos. You can’t / mustn’t take photos. 3c Do not swim here. No swimming. You can’t / mustn’t swim here. Do not feed birds. No feeding. You can’t / mustn’t feed birds. Look at the signs and write the rules for the signs. Do not play out sound. NO playing out sound. You can’t\mustn’t play put sound. Look at the signs and write the rules for the signs. Do not lay down. No Lying Down You can’t\mustn’t lay down. Look at the signs and write the rules for the signs. Do not chase. No Chasing. You can’t\mustn’t chase. Look at the signs and write the rules for the signs. Do not swing. No Swinging. You can’t\mustn’t swing. In groups, brainstorm three rules for one of the places below. Then draw signs to show the rules. Share your signs in class and explain what they mean. library school dining hall park cinema hospital 3d In the library , we must keep quiet. We mustn’t make noise. We can’t... n.电影院 In groups, brainstorm three rules for one of the places below. Then draw signs to show the rules. Share your signs in class and explain what they mean. This rule tells that students can enjoy their meals in a peaceful environment without being disturbed by loud noises. 3d Keep Quiet While Eating This rule helps maintain cleanliness and order in the school, preventing food and drink spills in areas where they are not meant to be consumed. No Food or Drinks Outside the Dining Area In groups, brainstorm three rules for one of the places below. Then draw signs to show the rules. Share your signs in class and explain what they mean. This rule promotes responsibility and cleanliness among students, ensuring that the dining hall remains tidy and pleasant for everyone to use. 3d Clean Your Tray and Table After Eating This rule promotes responsibility and cleanliness among students, ensuring that the dining hall remains tidy and pleasant for everyone to use. No Leaning. Let’s practice. Write the rules for the school library. 1 2 3 4 Library Rules 1. ____________________________ 2. ____________________________ 3. ____________________________ 4. ____________________________ Don’t talk. Don’t eat in the library. Don’t listen to music in the library. Don’t take photos in the library. 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂。 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong13 42 Make up five cool rules for your dream school. Share your rules with the class. Your classmates vote for the Coolest School. 1. We can eat in class. 2. We don’t have to come to school every day. 3. ... At my dream school, we don’t have to come to school every day. We... Let’s practice. 课件来源：脑洞英语课堂。 对本课件使用有任何疑问， 请联系小助手：naodong13 43 Language points Point 1 Can I leave the classroom if I don’t feel well? 如果我感觉不舒服，我可以离开教室吗？ leave sp. leave for sp. leave A for B leave sb./ sth. leave sth. + 地点，表示“把某物留在某地” leave sb. by oneself，表示 “把某人独自留下” 离开某地 动身去某地（目的地） 离开A地去B地 把某人/某物落下 1. The plane leaves for China at 12 a.m. 2. I don’t want to leave homtown. 3. We are going to leave our city for Shenzhen. 4. I left my keys on the bus. 5.He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 6.I left my book at school. 7.The mother left the baby by herself at home. 飞机于上午12点前往中国。 我不想离开家乡。 我们将要离开我们的城市去深圳。 我把钥匙忘在公交车上了。 妈妈把婴儿独自留在家里。 他明天动身去上海。 我把书落在学校了。 Point 2 用法 例句 feed raise I can feed my dog many kinds of food feed v. 喂养；饲养 【辨析】feed & raise feed...(食物)to...(动物) feed...(人或动物)with...(食物) feed on... 【用法】 把......喂给......吃 用......喂...... 以......为食，靠......为生 （主语多为动物或婴儿） 主要强调“喂养”“给（人）”提供食物，侧重具体喂食动作。 当意思为“养育；抚养”时，侧重整体培育成长的过程。 Can you feed the cat, please? They raised three children. Point 3 第三人称单数absents 现在分词absenting 过去式 absented 英汉互译：今天有一名学生未到学校。 One student is absent from school today. 固定搭配： 3. ... when you have to be absent from class. absent adj. 缺席的；不在的 反义词为 present“出席的，在场的”。 eg. I was absent from the meeting. 我缺席了这次会议。 【拓展】absence adj. 缺席 eg. I don’t know his absence today. 我不知道他今天缺席。 be absent from 缺席 Exercises 一、 根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词。 1. Mary， don’t be  　late　 for school. Please be on time next time. 2. What colour is your mobile  　phone　？ 3. Here is the menu. Would you like to  　order　 your food， sir？ 4. You can know about many  　rules　（规则） in my home. 5. Money isn’t  　everything　（一切）. late　 phone　 order　 rules　 everything　 二、从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空。 1. No one knows why he is ______ from the meeting. 2. When we are in a car, we must wear our seat ________. 3. My father has a big farm, and he ________ lots of animals every day. feed, belt, quiet, leave, absent absent belts feeds 4. When we are in the library, we should walk _________. 5. Jim usually ________his home at 7:30 and gets to school at 7:50. quietly leaves 三. 按要求完成下列各题 1. You can’t take photos in our library. (改为祈使句) ______________ ______________ photos in our library. 2. She has to walk to work every morning. (改为一般疑问) __________she _________ to walk to work every morning? 3. At my home I must do my homework first. (改为同义句) At home I ___________ ________do my homework first. 4. Do your homework carefully. (改为否定句) _______________ ____________your homework carefully. 5. Don’t eat in class, John. (改为同义句) ____________ ______________________in class, John. Don’t take Does have have to Don’t do No eating 四、单项选择 1. — Max, ______be afraid of speaking in front of people. You are the best! — OK, I won’t. A. doesn’t B. not C. isn’t D. don’t 2. — _______ I take photos here? — Sorry, you can’t. A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will 3. Look! The sign on the wall says, “No _______!” A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoked D. smoking D C D 4．—Can you speak English, Ling ling? —Yes, I ________. A．must B．can C．should D．may 5．Lucy is good at basketball. She ________ play basketball very well. A．can B．can’t C．may D．need 6．－Mary, _________ you speak Chinese? －Yes, only a little. A．must B．can C．need D．should 7．Come and ________ us! A．join B．joins C．joining D．to join 单项选择 B A B A 8.We should keep quiet in the library. We _____ speak loudly( 大声地). A. must B. mustn’t C. can D. needn’t 9.I _____ go now, or I’ll miss my train. A. can B. might C. must D. could 10.He _____ stay at home, because it’s raining outside. A. have to B. has to C. must D. can’t B B C 五、 完成句子，每空一词。 1. 玛丽不得不在学校吃午饭吗？ ________ Mary ________ _________ eat lunch at school?   2. 我们在课堂上必须讲英语。 We ________ _________ English in class. 3. 他们现在可以在教室里读书吗？ ________ they ________ in the classroom now?   Does have to must speak Can read 4. 早餐不要吃鸡肉汉堡。 _________ ________ the chicken hamburger for breakfast.  5. 亨利睡前不得不做什么呢？ _________ _________ Henry _________ _________ _________ before sleep? Don’t eat/have What does have to do 本课句型 Summary 我都 学会了! 情态动词can表“许可”的用法(肯定及否定陈述，一般疑问句结构及肯定和否定回答) Grammar 情态动词must的句型结构(仅限肯定陈述) 情态动词have to的句型结构(肯定及否定陈述，一般疑问结构及肯定和否定回答) can 情态动词 must have to 本课句型 Summary 我都 学会了! Grammar Do型：动词原型+其他 Be型：Be动词 + 形容词 Let型：Let's + 动词原型+其他 Don't型：Don't + 动词原型 No型：No + 动名词 / 名词 Let型：Let's + not + 动词原型 肯定 否定 祈使句 Basic (必做) 记住本课所学单词和短语及重要句型. Improving(选做) 2.总结祈使句（和情态动词（can、have to、must）的用法及特点， Extend (选做) 为一个虚拟的未来学校设计五条独特的规则，并说明设计理由，每条规则及理由不少于 50 字。 Homework Thank you ! $$