Unit 3 The Internet Discovering useful structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 3 The Internet Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures 表示 发生的或 的动作对 造成的 。 现在完成时概念： 过去 已完成 现在 影响或结果 e.g. 1. Goodbye to you my trusted friend. 别了朋友，我的挚友。 2. I have just finished the homework. 作业现在已经做完了。 常用的时间状语有： ◆常与不确定的时间状语连用，如: up to now, by now, lately, already, since, ever since, just, yet, before, recently, so far, in the past/last few years等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作. 现在完成时谓语动词的构成 have/has+ done 1.have &has 当主语是 ___，用has; 当主语是 ________，用have。 第三人称单数 其他人称 2.done在现在完成时中叫___________ 除不规则变化外，一般情况加ed 过去分词 现在完成时的基本句型 现在完成时 ( Active Voice ) 肯定式 have/has done 否定式 have/has not done 一般疑问句 have/has + 主 + done？ （have/has提前） 特殊疑问句 疑问词+have/has + 主 + done？ (疑问词+一般疑问句) How do we form the present perfect passive voice? Fill the blank. Let’s learn Verb form Active Passive have/has + v-ed ____________________ have/has been + v-ed Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice. EXAMPLE They’ve built a kind of new PC with more functions. ↓ A kind of new PC has been built with more functions. 肯定式： have/has been done... 否定式： have/has not been done... 一般问句： Have/Has+主语+been done 特殊疑问句： 疑问词+have/has+主语+been done 现在完成被动语态的基本结构 The singer has been invited (by Tom) . The singer has not been invited (by Tom) . Has the singer been invited (by Tom) ? Who has been invited (by Tom) ? 否定 一般疑问 对宾语提问 三、用法 1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already、yet、never、recently等副词及时间状语so far、by now、up till/to now、since等连用。 ◆The database has already been updated. 数据库已经被更新了。(现在可以使用新的数据库了) 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用。 The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已经被修了两个小时了。(可能还会继续被修) “及物动词+副词”“及物动词+介词”以及“及物动词+副词+介词”构成的短语动词可用于被动结构。 许多“不及物动词+介词”以及“不及物动词+副词+介词”构成的短语动词相当于及物动词，也可以有宾语，也可用于被动结构。 1. I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer. 2. Someone has lost an identity card. 3. Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password? The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer. An identity card has been lost. Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed? 4. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file? 5. Has anyone made a comment about the online database? Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file? Has a/any comment been made about the online database? “三变” 例：They have solved the problem. 原句主语 (by+sb) 宾语 主语 谓语由主动 被动 “三不变” 原句意思不变 原句时态不变 原句主谓宾以外成分不变 The problem ________________________ by them. has been solved 被动语态 I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer. Someone has lost an identity card. The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer. An identity card has been lost. Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice. 1.Read the pairs of sentences. Underline and compare the different verb forms. 现在完成时被动语态的构成: Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. The Internet has greatly improved Jan’s life. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web. Verb form Active Passive have/has + been + done 主语和动作之间是主动关系 主语和动作之间是被动关系 have/has + done 1.Read the pairs of sentences. Underline and compare the different verb forms. 现在完成时被动语态的构成: Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. The Internet has greatly improved Jan’s life. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web. Verb form Active Passive have/has + been + done 主语和动作之间是主动关系 主语和动作之间是被动关系 have/has + done The world __________________________ (turn upside down) since the invention of the Internet and the introduction of personal computers into nearly every home. The twin inventions of the personal computer and the Internet ___________________(consider) to be among the two most important events of the last century. The internet is bringing great changes to modern life. Complete the text with the correct forms of the words in brackets. has been turned upside down have been considered Shopping __________________________ (completely change). Rather than going out to stores weekly or even daily, more and more people order things from clothes to toys to foods online and have them delivered directly to their homes. Social communication __________________ (take over) by the Internet. has been completely changed has been taken over In the past, letters, phone calls, and face-to-face meetings were necessary to build up relationships, but now online communication is often the only social interaction that some people have all day! Games, music, movies and so on _________________________ (heavily influence) by the Internet. New kinds of crimes are happening on the Internet, too, so cyber security has to be constantly updated. have been heavily influenced 1. 用现在完成时的被动语态改写、翻译句子。 ①Jack’s boss has always praised him for his devotion to work. Jack ___________________________ by his boss for his devotion to work. ②They have found a good place to build a temple in the village. A good place to build a temple in the village ___________________ . ③We haven’t yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem. How to solve that difficult technological problem ___________________ yet. ④当我的家庭作业完成时我就回家。 I will go home when my homework _________________. ⑤纸币已被使用了1000多年了。 Paper money _________________ for over one thousand years． has always been praised hasn’t been decided has been found 巩固强化 has been finished has been used 6．中国的各项事业已取得了新的进展。 New progress_________________ in various areas in China. 7．我的家庭作业已经做完了。 My homework___________________. 8．近几年他各种各样的书被出版了。 A variety of his books _____________________ in recent years. 9．从 1949 年起，政府就已经非常重视儿童的健康和保健。 Since 1949, great attention __________________the health and care of children by the government. has been made has been finished have been published has been paid to 三、注意事项 1．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 His boss has already punished him. →He has already been punished (by his boss)． 2．带有双宾语的动词，如give, send, bring, take, teach, show, tell, make, sing, write, read, sell, buy, pay, lend, pass, promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently. →He has been given a chance to work abroad recently (by the company)． →A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently (by the company)． $$