2025届高三英语高考模拟风向卷（北京卷）03

2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用）03 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 I am never good at public speaking. Every time I was involved in a group project, I would always volunteer to be any role but the presenter. So, when my partner Emily offered to be the 1 of our project, I was overjoyed. Unfortunately, on the presentation day, Emily fell ill badly. She had to stay home to rest. I was worried that she may 2 the presentation, so I called her. As I spoke to her on the phone, it became apparent that I had to step up and present our project. I was filled with 3 . By the time I hung up the phone, I could hardly breathe. I had no 4 but to make an alternative plan. I tried to 5 my nervousness and focus on the task at hand. Pulling out a piece of paper, I wrote whatever I could remember on it with great urgency. With that piece of paper, I stood outside the classroom door, waiting for my turn. I tried to be calm, but as time passed by, 6 went through me and the waiting area seemed too small for me to 7 . When my name was called, I broke out into a cold sweat. In front of the judges, my hands failed in their attempts to remain 8 . All the while, my voice and hands were shaking. I tried to take shallow breaths and I felt I would fall apart anytime. Somehow, I 9 to go through the entire presentation and deliver my speech as planned. 10 my fear was not as hard as it seemed, and my alternative plan proved to be a success. 1．A．recorder B．speaker C．designer D．organizer 2．A．change B．give C．analyze D．miss 3．A．relief B．excitement C．anxiety D．shame 4．A．resource B．worry C．chance D．choice 5．A．push aside B．let out C．hide behind D．hold onto 6．A．sadness B．fear C．anger D．guilt 7．A．rest B．cry C．breathe D．sigh 8．A．steady B．flexible C．gentle D．strong 9．A．pretended B．expected C．refused D．managed 10．A．Understanding B．Overcoming C．Admitting D．Expressing 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者克服恐惧完成演讲的经历。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我的搭档Emily提出要做我们项目的发言人时，我欣喜若狂。A. recorder记录员；B. speaker发言人；C. designer设计者；D. organizer组织者。根据上文“I would always volunteer to be any role but the presenter(除了发言人，我总是自愿担任任何角色)”及空后“I was overjoyed”可知，作者不愿意担任发言人，所以此处指当Emily提出要做发言人时，作者欣喜若狂，故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我担心她会错过演讲，所以我给她打了电话。A. change改变；B. give给；C. analyze分析；D. miss错过。根据“She had to stay home to rest.(她必须在家休息)”可知，Emily生病在家休息，作者担心她会错过演讲，所以给她打电话，故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我充满了焦虑。A. relief宽慰；B. excitement激动，兴奋；C. anxiety焦虑；D. shame羞耻。根据“By the time I hung up the phone, I could hardly breathe.(当我挂断电话时，我几乎无法呼吸)”及语境可知，作者要做发言人，所以很焦虑，故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只好另作打算。A. resource资源；B. worry担忧；C. chance机会；D. choice选择。根据语境可知，Emily生病无法担任发言人，所以作者别无选择，只能自己去克服恐惧担任发言人，故选D。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我努力不去想我有多紧张，把注意力集中在手头的工作上。A. push aside不去想，不考虑；B. let out释放；C. hide behind 躲在……后面；D. hold onto坚持不懈。根据“focus on the task at hand”可知，作者努力不去想自己有多紧张，而是把集中注意力在工作上，故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我努力让自己冷静下来，但随着时间的流逝，恐惧笼罩着我，等候区似乎太小了，我无法呼吸。A. sadness悲伤；B. fear害怕，恐惧；C. anger生气；D. guilt内疚。根据语境及文章最后一句“ ________ my fear was not as hard as it seemed”可知，作者很害怕，故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rest休息；B. cry哭泣；C. breathe呼吸；D. sigh叹气。根据空前“the waiting area seemed too small”可知，由于作者极度紧张，所以等待室对作者来说太小了，喘不过气，故选C。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在裁判面前，我的手没能保持稳定。A. steady稳定的；B. flexible灵活的；C. gentle温柔的；D. strong强壮的。根据下一句“All the while, my voice and hands were shaking.(我的声音和手一直在颤抖)”可知，作者的手一直抖，无法保持稳定，故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎的，我设法完成了整个演示，并按计划发表了我的演讲。A. pretended假装；B. expected期待；C. refused拒绝；D. managed设法做到。根据“deliver my speech as planned”可知，作者如期完成演讲，manage to do sth设法完成某事，故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：克服我的恐惧并不像看起来那么难，我的替代计划被证明是成功的。A. Understanding理解；B. Overcoming克服；C. Admitting承认；D. Expressing表达。根据“and my alternative plan proved to be a success”可知，作者克服了恐惧，成功完成演讲，故选B。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Thomas Gainsborough was an 18th-century English painter. One of his works, 11 (title) A Portrait of a Young Gentleman, is finally returning to England after 100 years. It will be showing at the National Gallery in London from January to March 2022. Painted in approximately 1770, the painting was nicknamed The Blue Boy because it shows a young boy 12 (wear) a striking blue outfit. 13 the major newspapers at the time said is that the painting was “the world’s most beautiful picture”. 【答案】11．titled 12．wearing 13．What 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。托马斯·庚斯伯勒是18世纪的英国画家。他的一幅名为《一位年轻绅士的肖像》的作品终于在100年后回到了英国。它将于2022年1月至3月在伦敦国家美术馆展出。这幅画大约创作于1770年，因为画中是一个穿着醒目的蓝色衣服的小男孩，所以被称为“蓝色男孩”。当时的主要报纸都说这幅画是“世界上最美的画”。 11．考查过去分词。句意：他的一幅名为《一位年轻绅士的肖像》的作品终于在100年后回到了英国。分析句子可知，空处填非谓语动词，One of his works与title在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填titled。 12．考查现在分词。句意：这幅画大约创作于1770年，因为画中是一个穿着醒目的蓝色衣服的小男孩，所以被称为“蓝色男孩”。分析句子可知，空处填非谓语动词，a young boy与wear在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填wearing。 13．考查连接词。句意：当时的主要报纸都说这幅画是“世界上最美的画”。分析句子可知，空处填连接词作said的宾语，构成主语从句。故填What。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. 14 (dark) would make him more appreciatively of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. I who am blind can give one hint to those 15 see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. And the same method can 16 (apply) to the other senses. But of all the senses, I am sure that sight must be the most delightful. 【答案】14．Darkness 15．who 16．be applied 【导语】本文是一篇自传体散文。作者以一个身残志坚的柔弱女子的视角，告诫身体健全的人们应热爱生活，珍惜生命。 14．考查名词。句意：黑暗可以使他更加珍惜光明。设空处在句中作主语，应用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填Darkness。 15．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我这个看不见的人可以给能看见的人一个提示。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为those。故填who。 16．考查谓语动词。句意：同样的方法也适用于其他感官。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语为被动关系，设空处前为can，设空处应用be done的形式。故填be applied。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Globalization is the connection of different parts of the world. The process of globalization is very controversial. Many people say globalization will help people communicate. Aid agencies can respond more quickly 17 a natural disaster. Advanced medicines are more easily and widely available to people who may not have been able to afford them. Globalization 18 (increase) the number of students studying abroad over the past few years. 19 some people worry that Western culture will destroy local cultures around the world. What they fear is that everyone will end up 20 (eat) hamburgers and pizza. 【答案】17．to 18．has increased 19．But 20．eating 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球化的影响。 17．考查介词。句意：援助机构可以更快地对自然灾害作出反应。respond to对……作出反应。故填to。 18．考查时态。句意：在过去几年里，全球化增加了出国留学的学生数量。根据时间状语over the past few years可知，用现在完成时。主语是Globalization，谓语动词用has。故填has increased。 19．考查连词。句意：但是有些人担心西方文化会破坏世界各地的当地文化。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填But。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们担心的是每个人最后都会吃汉堡和披萨。end up doing以做……而告终。故填eating。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The end of 2024 is on the horizon. Among the best of the year’s crop, we picked five interesting and educational books that you should not miss out. ●Game Theory by Brian Clegg This concise book introduces the fundamental concepts of game theory, using a branch of mathematics to analyze strategic interactions, such as Nash equilibria and prisoner’s dilemmas in an accessible approach. ●A is for Arsenic: The Poisons of Agatha Christie by Kathryn Harkup This book combines chemistry with crime fiction, exploring the poisons used to craft plots in Christie’s work. Aimed at fans of Christie’s work, the book provides an engaging look at the intersection of literature and science. ●The Milky Way: An Autobiography of Our Galaxy by Moiya McTier The book presents a unique perspective on the history of the Milky Way galaxy, narrated as if the galaxy itself were speaking. The main “character”, Milky Way, shares its cosmic journey from formation to the present day, integrating scientific facts with storytelling. ●The Planet in a Pebble: A Journey Into Earth’s Deep History by Jan Zalasiewicz This book delves into the geological history of Earth by examining a single pebble found on a beach in Wales, revealing the vast timescales and processes that have shaped our planet over billions of years. ●How Mathematics Shapes Everyday Life by Ian Stewart The book demonstrates the practical applications of mathematics in everyday scenarios, illustrating how mathematical concepts foster technologies and solutions we take for granted. A highlight is Stewart’s ability to make complex ideas approachable and entertaining. 21．What do Game Theory and How Mathematics Shapes Everyday Life have in common? A．Their authors adopt a plain writing style. B．They are accessible and engaging to readers. C．They involve practical relevance of advanced math. D．Their authors use creative approach to explaining complex game concepts. 22．According to its content, The Milky Way: An Autobiography of Our Galaxy is ______. A．a diary B．a scientific literature C．an autobiography D．a popular science reading 23．Who are the target readers of the forth book? A．Travel blogger. B．Astronomy professors. C．Anyone interested in geology. D．Students majoring in education. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了五本寓教于乐的益智书籍。 21．细节理解题。根据Game Theory介绍中“This concise book introduces the fundamental concepts of game theory, using a branch of mathematics to analyze strategic interactions, such as Nash equilibria and prisoner’s dilemmas in an accessible approach. (这本简明的书介绍了博弈论的基本概念，以一种易于理解的方法，使用数学的一个分支来分析战略互动，如纳什均衡和囚徒困境)”和How Mathematics Shapes Everyday Life介绍中“A highlight is Stewart’s ability to make complex ideas approachable and entertaining. (Stewart的一个亮点是，他能够让复杂的想法变得易于理解、有趣)”可知，这两本书对读者来说都是容易理解和吸引人的。故选B项。 22．推理判断题。根据The Milky Way: An Autobiography of Our Galaxy介绍中“The book presents a unique perspective on the history of the Milky Way galaxy, narrated as if the galaxy itself were speaking. The main “character”, Milky Way, shares its cosmic journey from formation to the present day, integrating scientific facts with storytelling. (这本书对银河系的历史提出了一个独特的视角，就好像星系本身在说话一样。主要“角色”，银河系，分享了它从形成到现在的宇宙之旅，将科学事实与故事相结合)”可知，这本书从银河系的角度讲述了宇宙的历史，将科学事实置于故事之中。由此可知，这是一本科普读物。故选D项。 23．推理判断题。根据The Planet in a Pebble介绍中“This book delves into the geological history of Earth by examining a single pebble found on a beach in Wales, revealing the vast timescales and processes that have shaped our planet over billions of years. (这本书通过研究在威尔士海滩上发现的一块鹅卵石，深入研究了地球的地质历史，揭示了数十亿年来塑造我们星球的巨大时间尺度和过程)”可知，这本书是一本涉及地质构造的书。由此可知，这本书的目标读者应该是任何对地质学感兴趣的人。故选C项。 B While reliably snow-blanketed holidays might seem a thing of the past in Maryland and other parts of the East Coast - including Boston, which set a record this year for the longest stretch with no major snowfall - a new study reveals a much more urgent winter climate shift in a subpolar region of North America. Researchers at the Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC) identified the Bering Sea in the northern Pacific Ocean as a climate change hotspot, showing how environmental changes there threaten the coastal communities and ecosystems. The research team found that in nine of the last 10 winters, sea ice extent was lower than average, including record lows in 2018 and 2019. During this period of sea ice loss, wind speeds and wave heights increased. “In the Bering Sea, sea ice acts both to mitigate waves as they hit the edge of the ice cover, and also to limit the transfer of energy from winds into the ocean from which waves are generated. In turn, winds and waves can break up sea ice into smaller pieces at the ice edge,” said the researchers. “Less sea ice means less protection for coastal communities,” they said. “If sea ice continues to decline here, then we would expect that the extreme waves we have already observed with our satellite data would have a bigger impact on coastal communities,” said co-author Associate Professor Sinead Farrell. Sea ice is expected to continue declining as the Earth warms; by the 2040s, scientists expect sea ice extent in the Bering Sea to regularly dip below the record low set in 2018. The Bering Sea ice season is also expected to decrease by up to a full day per year through 2044. This transition will bring unpredictable effects to the region and its people. The team hopes to expand upon this research by studying regional climate models and integrating field data to confirm satellite observations. The researchers also hope to combine their studies’ conclusions with historical records of sea ice by Alaska’ s Indigenous communities. 24．Why does the author mention “Boston” in the first paragraph? A．To clarify a concept. B．To explain a natural law. C．To draw a conclusion. D．To present an alarming fact. 25．What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in paragraph 3? A．Remove. B．Increase. C．Weaken. D．Boost. 26．What influence might the declining sea ice in the Bering Sea bring? A．The region will experience a rapid recovery of sea ice. B．The duration of the sea ice season will shorten each year. C．The frequency and intensity of extreme waves may increase. D．Coastal communities will be more resistant to extreme weather. 27．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Waves Are Changing in the Bering Sea B．Shifting Seas: The Bering Ice Crisis C．The Hidden Effects of Climate Change D．Coastal Communities Benefit from Less Ice 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．C 27．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍白令海的海冰减少及其带来的影响，包括对沿海社区和生态系统的威胁等。 24．推理判断题。根据第一段“While reliably snow-blanketed holidays might seem a thing of the past in Maryland and other parts of the East Coast — including Boston, which set a record this year for the longest stretch with no major snowfall — a new study reveals a much more urgent winter climate shift in a subpolar region of North America. (虽然在马里兰州和东海岸的其他地区——包括波士顿，今年创下了最长时间没有大雪的记录——大雪覆盖的假期似乎已经成为过去式，但一项新的研究显示，北美亚极地地区的冬季气候变化更为紧迫。)” 可知提到波士顿创下无大雪最长时间的记录，即气候在发生变化，与后面提到的白令海的气候变化相呼应，是为了呈现出一种令人担忧的事实，故选D。 25．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“During this period of sea ice loss, wind speeds and wave heights increased. (在海冰消融期间，风速和浪高增加。)”和下文“In turn, winds and waves can break up sea ice into smaller pieces at the ice edge (反过来，风和海浪会将海冰在冰的边缘分解成更小的碎片)”有此可推知划线句句意是“在白令海，海冰既可以减轻波浪撞击冰盖边缘时的影响，也可以限制风向海洋传递的能量，而海洋正是由风向海洋传递的能量产生了海浪。”所以mitigate意为“减轻，缓解”，和C选项的“Weaken”同义，故选C。 26．推理判断题。根据第三段“During this period of sea ice loss, wind speeds and wave heights increased. (在海冰消融期间，风速和浪高增加。)”和第四段““Less sea ice means less protection for coastal communities,” they said. “If sea ice continues to decline here, then we would expect that the extreme waves we have already observed with our satellite data would have a bigger impact on coastal communities,” said co-author Associate Professor Sinead Farrell. (“海冰减少意味着对沿海社区的保护减少，”他们说。“如果这里的海冰继续减少，那么我们预计，我们已经用卫星数据观察到的极端海浪将对沿海社区产生更大的影响，”合著者西尼德·法雷尔副教授说。)”可推知白令海海冰减少可能带来的影响是极端海浪的频率和强度增加。故选C。 27．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第二段“Researchers at the Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC) identified the Bering Sea in the northern Pacific Ocean as a climate change hotspot, showing how environmental changes there threaten the coastal communities and ecosystems. (地球系统科学跨学科中心（ESSIC）的研究人员将北太平洋的白令海确定为气候变化热点，表明那里的环境变化如何威胁沿海社区和生态系统。)”可知文章介绍白令海的海冰减少及其带来的影响，包括对沿海社区和生态系统的威胁等。B选项“移动的海洋：白令海海冰危机”符合文章大意，故选B。 C I lost my leg to cancer at 30. My first trip out of the house as a one-legged woman would be to see a sick friend in hospital with my mom. As I made my way through the hospital, I was prepared for looks of curiosity, sympathy, and even shock. But one thing shook me to a depth I had never experienced before. Two kids were playing in the hallway. As I passed by on my crutches (拐杖), they looked up at me, and suddenly, the little boy pointed at me. “Look at that lady!” It seemed that he was shouting loud enough for the entire hospital to hear. “She only has one leg! Doesn’t that look funny?” Both of the kids burst into laughter. Heads turned, and I felt the blood rush to my face. I put my head down and rushed out as fast as I dared on my crutches. I held my tears back until the car door closed. As I fell into the seats, I cried, “How could they think this is funny?” My mom tried her best to comfort me, “Honey, they are just kids. They don’t know any better.” They were just kids, but that did not excuse their rude behavior. I felt a wave of belief flood through me. I knew what I had to do. “Well, someone has to teach them!” I said. And I knew that someone would be me. When I was well enough, I started to visit elementary schools and talk to children about being different. I was teaching children to be respectful of people who are different, and teaching them people come in all shapes, colors and sizes and we are each special and unique. Speaking to children was just the beginning for me. I became an inspirational speaker and author and learned that being grateful for all the remaining parts of me was the only way to start and end my day. I shared my story in my book called I Am Choosing to Smile. I do, indeed, choose to smile. Waking up every morning, I look down at my one foot and say with all sincerity, “Good morning, five toes. I’m very glad to see you!” 28．What shocked the author in the hospital? A．The curious look a boy had. B．The words a boy shouted out. C．The game the boys were playing. D．The sympathy the boys expressed. 29．How did the experience in the hospital change the author? A．She found the purpose of her life. B．She began to realize her difference. C．She understood kids’ characteristics. D．She learned the importance of respect. 30．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Patient. B．Brave. C．Intelligent. D．Caring. 【答案】28．B 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者因癌症失去了一条腿，在有一次去医院看望一位生病的朋友时，作者受到了一个孩子的嘲笑，作者的妈妈告诉作者需要有人来教这些孩子不能嘲笑别人的残疾，后来作者开始访问小学，教孩子们要尊重不一样的人，后来作者成为了一名鼓舞人心的演说家和作家。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段的“But one thing shook me to a depth I had never experienced before. Two kids were playing in the hallway. As I passed by on my crutches (拐杖), they looked up at me, and suddenly, the little boy pointed at me. “Look at that lady!” It seemed that he was shouting loud enough for the entire hospital to hear. “She only has one leg! Doesn’t that look funny?”(但有一件事让我感到前所未有的震惊。两个孩子在走廊里玩。当我拄着拐杖走过时，他们抬头看着我，突然，那个小男孩指着我。“看那位女士！”他的叫声似乎大到整个医院都能听到。“她只有一条腿！”看起来是不是很有趣？”)”可知，在医院时，让作者震惊的是一个男孩喊出来的话，故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“I knew what I had to do. “Well, someone has to teach them!” I said. And I knew that someone would be me.(我知道我该怎么做。“嗯，总得有人教他们！”我说。我知道那个人就是我。)”和最后一段的“Speaking to children was just the beginning for me. I became an inspirational speaker and author and learned that being grateful for all the remaining parts of me was the only way to start and end my day.(对我来说，对孩子们讲话只是个开始。我成为了一名鼓舞人心的演说家和作家，并学会了对自己剩下的部分心存感激，这是开始和结束一天的唯一方式。)”可知，在医院的经历使作者找到了自己的人生目标，故选A。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I shared my story in my book called I Am Choosing to Smile. I do, indeed, choose to smile. Waking up every morning, I look down at my one foot and say with all sincerity, “Good morning, five toes. I’m very glad to see you!”(我在我的书《我选择微笑》中分享了我的故事。我的确选择微笑。每天早上醒来，我低头看着我的一只脚，真诚地说:“早上好，五个脚趾。我很高兴见到你！”)”可知，作者勇敢地面对自己的缺陷，因此他是勇敢的，故选B。 D A group of Chinese scientists have developed a kind of micro-robot powered by ion (离子) exchanges to remove micro-plastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) from water, according to Jinan University, one of its developers. The robot is 20 to 100 microns in diameter, thinner than a human hair. It has an innovated means of obtaining energy and can work without additional energy input. The research, published in the journal Science Advances, states that MNP pollution in non-marine waters poses a great threat to the global ecosystem. However, existing strategies often fail to remove the ultra-small plastic particles thoroughly. Seeking a better solution, scientists designed the micro-robots to remove MNPs from water, taking their inspiration from floor-sweeping robots. “Floor-sweeping robots can work autonomously on a planned route and sweep the garbage near them, so we thought there could be a similar kind of robot to clean garbage in the water,” said Wang Jizhuang, one of the leading researchers. The self-propelled (自动推进) robots can interact with surrounding particulates during their movements, accomplishing the dynamic removal of MNPs in their path. Meanwhile, the absorption of plastics in the water produces a flow around the robots, thus pushing them to move autonomously without other energy input. They can also be simply collected and controlled precisely through a programmable magnetic field, according to Wang. In their research, the robots were confirmed to show a removal efficiency of more than 90 percent during 100 continuous missions to remove MNPs with various compositions, sizes and shapes in the water. It is estimated that every liter of sewage only needs about 5 million micro-robots to clean up the MNPs in the water, which is very easy to achieve in practice. The group has set further research goals, such as finding ways for the newly-developed robots to collect MNPs and degrade them at the same time. It is hoped that the development of the self-propelled robots, with the advantages of affordable cost and minimal secondary pollution, will make them suitable for industrial applications, providing an appealing strategy for the removal of the ultrasmall plastic particles on a large scale. 31．What is the micro-robot able to do? A．To clean waste water. B．To exchange plastic particles. C．To generate energy. D．To degrade MNPs. 32．What inspired Wang to invent this micro-robot? A．Existing strategies. B．Floor-mopping robots. C．Pollution in waters. D．Threat to the ecosystem. 33．Which of the following is NOT a drive force for the micro-robot? A．A flow produced when absorbing plastics. B．Interaction with particulates around it. C．A programmable magnetic field. D．The dynamic removal of MNP. 34．Which factor makes the micro-robot suitable for industrial applications? A．Secondary pollution. B．A minimal size. C．Low cost. D．High efficiency. 【答案】31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家研究的微型机器人，可从水中清除微塑料和纳米塑料，科学还希望今后能运用于农业中。 31．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A group of Chinese scientists have developed a kind of micro-robot powered by ion (离子) exchanges to remove micro-plastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) from water, according to Jinan University, one of its developers.(据其开发商之一的暨南大学介绍，一群中国科学家研发了一种由离子驱动的微型机器人，用于从水中去除微塑料和纳米塑料)”可知，这种微型机器人可以从水中清除微塑料和纳米塑料，即可以清理废水。故选A项。 32．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Seeking a better solution, scientists designed the micro-robots to remove MNPs from water, taking their inspiration from floor-sweeping robots. “Floor-sweeping robots can work autonomously on a planned route and sweep the garbage near them, so we thought there could be a similar kind of robot to clean garbage in the water,” said Wang Jizhuang, one of the leading researchers.(为了寻求更好的解决方法，科学家设计了微型机器人从水中去除MNPs，他们的灵感来自扫地机器人。其中一个主要的研究者Wang Jizhuang说道：“扫地机器人可以按照规划的路线自主工作，清扫附近的垃圾，因此我们认为可能会有类似的机器人来清除水中的垃圾。”)”可知，科学家们受到扫地机器人的启发，设计了微型机器人来清除水中的MNPs。故选B项。 33．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The self-propelled (自动推进) robots can interact with surrounding particulates during their movements, accomplishing the dynamic removal of MNPs in their path. Meanwhile, the absorption of plastics in the water produces a flow around the robots, thus pushing them to move autonomously without other energy input. They can also be simply collected and controlled precisely through a programmable magnetic field, according to Wang.(这一自动推进的机器人可以在运动过程中与周围的颗粒物相互作用，实现其路径中MNPs的动态去除。同时，塑料在水中的吸收会在机器人周围产生流动，从而推动它们在没有其他能量输入的情况下自主移动。Wang说，它们也可以通过可编程的磁场简单地收集和精确控制。)”可知，吸收塑料产生的水流、可编程的磁场以及与周围微粒的相互作用都是微型机器人的动力来源，而MNPs的动态去除不属于。故选D项。 34．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It is hoped that the development of the self-propelled robots, with the advantages of affordable cost and minimal secondary pollution, will make them suitable for industrial applications, providing an appealing strategy for the removal of the ultras-mall plastic particles on a large scale.(人们希望，具有成本低廉和最小二次污染优势的自走式机器人的发展将其适用于工业应用，为大规模去除超小塑料颗粒提供一种有吸引力的策略。)”可知，成本低是这种微型机器人适合工业应用的因素之一。故填C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom. 35 You will experience culture shock. Evidently, at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur. The first stage is called "the honeymoon". In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. 36 Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the "hostility stage". 37 You become tired of many things about the new culture. Moreover, people don't treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired. Then you come to the third stage called "recovery". You start feeling more positive, and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don't understand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable. 38 The last stage of culture shock is called "adjustment". 39 The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture. A．Actually, culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country. B．You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture. C．You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you. D．You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages. E．In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. F．However, when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it. G．You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. 【答案】35．E 36．C 37．G 38．D 39．B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了在不同的国家学习是一个新的体验，但也要注意文化冲击。 35．后文You will experience culture shock. (你会经历文化冲击。)与E. In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. (然而，尽管有这些优势，你也会遇到一些挑战。)承接自然，选项所指的挑战，就是下文提到的文化冲击，故选E项。 36．前文In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. (在这个阶段，你会对生活在一个不同的地方感到兴奋，一切似乎都很奇妙。)与C. You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you．(你喜欢一切，每个人似乎都对你很好。)承接自然，因为感到兴奋和巧妙，所以对一切都很喜欢，此外excitement和nice, like是关键词，故选C项。 37．后文You become tired of many things about the new culture．(你会对新文化的很多东西感到厌倦)与G. You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was．(你开始注意到，并不是所有的事情都像你最初认为的那样好)承接自然，因为感到厌倦，所以认为一些东西不是当初想象的那样给美好，此外bored和not as good as是关键词，故选G项。 38．前文The whole situation starts to become more favorable．(整个形势开始好转)与D. You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages．(你会从前两个阶段的症状中恢复过来)承接自然，且选项中的recover和本段的中心句Then you come to the third stage called "recovery".中的recovery是关键词，故选D项。 39．下文The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. (那些一开始让你不舒服或者感到奇怪的东西，现在你都理解了)与B. You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture．(你已经达到了一个感觉良好的阶段，因为你已经学到了足够多的东西来理解新的文化)承接自然，understand是关键词，故选B项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 People face all kinds of problems in life. There are personal crises, such as illness, loss of a loved one, abuse, bullying, job loss, and financial instability. People have to learn to cope with and work through very challenging life experiences. In those experiences, resilience is the key factor for people to overcome challenges. Resilience is the ability of people to feel better quickly after something unpleasant. Resilient people do experience stress, setbacks, and difficult emotions, but they tap into their strengths and seek help from support systems to overcome challenges and work through problems. Resilience empowers people to accept and adapt to a situation and move forward. It is the core strength people use to lift the load of life. Kids confront any number of challenges as they grow — from starting school and making new friends to adverse experiences, such as bullying and abuse. Building resilience can help children manage stress and feelings of anxiety and uncertainty. Young people need help learning to develop resilience in a stressful world. It isn’t as easy as telling them to try again. They need social support. Parents can help children develop resilience through positive behaviors and thoughts, such as setting realistic goals, maintaining a daily routine, encouraging self-discovery, accepting change as part of life and so on. Young people live up or down to the expectations that are set for them and need adults who love them unconditionally and hold them to high expectations. Most importantly, how parents model resilience for young people is far more important than what they say about it. Building resilience is a process by which people use flexibility to reframe thought patterns and learn to tap into a strengths-based approach to working through challenges. With resilience, a person may feel equipped to manage stresses. Resilience is not a long-lasting state but resilience can be learned. 40．What is resilience? 41．Why do people need resilience? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. What parents say plays a more important role in helping young people to develop resilience. 43．What can you do to build your resilience? 【答案】40．Resilience is the ability of people to feel better quickly after something unpleasant. 41．People need resilience because resilience empowers people to accept and adapt to a situation and move forward. It is the core strength people use to lift the load of life. 42．划线：What parents say According to the passage, how parents model resilience plays a more important role in helping young people to develop resilience. 43．In my opinion, learning more knowledge and reading are important methods that can help young people develop resilience. Any solution to the problem will be based on a certain kind of knowledge. Knowledge can help you find the way out. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是韧性以及如何培养韧性。 40．考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“Resilience is the ability of people to feel better quickly after something unpleasant.(韧性是指人们在经历不愉快的事情后能够迅速恢复好转的能力)”可知，韧性韧性是指人们在经历不愉快的事情后能够迅速恢复好转的能力。故填Resilience is the ability of people to feel better quickly after something unpleasant. 41．考查细节理解。根据第二段最后两句“Resilience empowers people to accept and adapt to a situation and move forward. It is the core strength people use to lift the load of life.(韧性使人们能够接受和适应一种情况，并继续前进。这是人们用来承担生活重担的核心力量)”可知，韧性的重要性。故答案填Resilience empowers people to accept and adapt to a situation and move forward. It is the core strength people use to lift the load of life. 42．考查细节理解。根据第三段“It isn’t as easy as telling them to try again.(这并不像告诉他们再试一次那么容易)”以及“Parents can help children develop resilience through positive behaviors and thoughts, such as setting realistic goals, maintaining a daily routine, encouraging self-discovery, accepting change as part of life and so on.(父母可以通过积极的行为和思想帮助孩子培养韧性，比如设定现实目标，保持日常规律，鼓励自我发现，接受变化是生活的一部分等等)”可知，父母的榜样示范是培养孩子韧性的重要方法。故在“What parents say”下进行画线，答案填According to the passage, how parents model resilience plays a more important role in helping young people to develop resilience. 43．开放性试题。言之有理即可。文章介绍了父母可以怎么做帮助孩子培养韧性。如根据最后一段“Building resilience is a process by which people use flexibility to reframe thought patterns and learn to tap into a strengths-based approach to working through challenges.(增强韧性是一个过程，人们通过灵活性来重新构建思维模式，并学会利用基于优势的方法来应对挑战)”可知，我们可以通过扩大视野，增加知识来提高韧性。故填In my opinion, learning more knowledge and reading are important methods that can help young people develop resilience. Any solution to the problem will be based on a certain kind of knowledge. Knowledge can help you find the way out. 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 44．假定你是李华，你得知好友Eric经常吃垃圾食品（ junk food），有时甚至会以垃圾食品代替正餐。请你根据以下要点给他写封邮件，劝他远离垃圾食品： 1. 了解到Eric的问题； 2. 垃圾食品的危害； 3. 表达希望与祝愿。 4. 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Eric， _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 【答案】Dear Eric, I’ve learned that you often eat junk food, and sometimes even replace main meals with it. I think you’d better keep away from junk food. Junk food is often high in sugar, salt and fat. It will be easy to gain weight quickly if you eat too much of it. Over time it will lead to obesity, which may result in high blood pressure and heart disease. Besides, eating too much junk food can affect your brain development. In my opinion, you’d better eat more fruit and vegetables. And you can also eat some healthy snacks. I hope that you can realize the bad effects of eating junk food, make a change and live a healthy lifestyle. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写一封建议信，规劝好友Eric远离垃圾食品。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 代替：replace →take place of 增重：gain weight →put on weight 导致：result in →cause 影响：affect →influence 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, eating too much junk food can affect your brain development. 拓展句：Besides, eating too much junk food can affect your brain development especially when you are a teenager. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 It will be easy to gain weight quickly if you eat too much of it. Over time it will lead to obesity, which may result in high blood pressure and heart disease. (运用了it作形式主语、if 引导条件状语从句以及which引导非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】 I hope that you can realize the bad effects of eating junk food, make a change and live a healthy lifestyle. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2025届高三英语高考模拟风向卷（北京专用）03 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 标 条码粘贴处 ▣ 准考证号 注意事项 0 0 1,答题前， 考生先将自己的姓名、准考正号码填写清 1 楚 2 2.请将准考证条码粘贴在右的条码粘贴处的方框 2 3 3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选必须用05 4 4 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整， 4.请按题号颜序在各题的客题区内作答，超出范围的 答案无效，在草纸，试卷上作答无效。 6 6 5.保尉特卡面清洁。不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准 7 7 使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 8 8 6.填涂样例正确■错误【一-[Ⅱ灯 9 9 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）》 第-节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 1[A][B][C][D] 6.[A][B][C][D] 2[A][B][C][D] 7[A][B][C][D] 3[A][B][C][D] 8.[A][B][C][D] 4[A][BJ[C][D] 9[AJ[B][C][D] 5[A][B][C][Dj 10[A][B][C][D] 第二节供10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 21[A][B][C][D]26[A][B][C][D]31.[A][B][C][D] 35.A][B][C][D][E][E][G] 22[A][B]LC][D] 27.[AJ[B][C][D] 32[A][B][C][D] 36.[AJ[B][C][D][EJ[F][G] 23.[A][B][C][D]28.[A][B][C][D] 33.[A][B][C][D]37.IA1[B][C][D][E][F][G] 24[A][B][C][D]29.[A][B][C][D]34[AJ[B][C][D] 38.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 25.[A][B][C][D]30[A][B][C][D] 39.[A][B][C][D][E][F[G] 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第1页共2页 第三部分书面表达（共辆节，32分） 第-节（满纷12分） 40. (2分) 41 (2分) 42 (3分) (5分) 第二节（满分20分） Dear Eric, Yours, LiHua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第2页共2页2025届高三英语高考模拟风向卷（北京专用)03 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 记 条码粘贴处 准考证号 注意泰项 0 0 0 0 0 1,答题前，考生先将自己的姓名.准考证号码填写清 2.请将准考证条码粘粘在右侧榈条码粘贴处的方柜 2 内。 3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用0.3 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 4,请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的 答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 6 5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准 7 7 使用涂改液、纸刀。 8 8 8 8 8 6.填涂样例正确■错误-I√]「×] 9 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第-节（供10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 1[A][B][C][D] 6.[A][B][C][D] 2[A][B][C][D] 7AJ[B][CJ[D] 3[A]IB][C][D] 8IA][B][C][D] 4[AJ[B][C][D] 9[A][B][C][D] 5[AJ[B][C][D] 10.[AJ[B][C][D] 第二节（供10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 11 12. 13. 14 15. 16 17. 18. 19. 20 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 21.[A][B][C][D] 26.[AJ[B][C][D]31.[A][B][C][D] 35.[A][B][c][D][E][F1[G] 22[A1[B][C][D] 27.A][B][C][D] 32[A][B][C1[D] 36.[A][B][c][D][E][F][G] 23.[A][B][C][D] 28.[A][B][C][D] 33.[A][B][C][D] 37.[AJ[B][C][D][E][F][G] 24AJ[B][C][D] 29.[A]IB][CJ[D] 34.[A][B][C][D] 38[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 25.[A][B][C][D] 30.[A][B][C][D] 39.[A][B][C][D][E]IF][G] 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色炬形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第1页共2页 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（满分12分） 40. (2分) 41 (2分) 42 (3分) 43 (5分) 第二节（满分20分） Dear Eric, Yours, LiHua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第2页共2页 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用）03 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 I am never good at public speaking. Every time I was involved in a group project, I would always volunteer to be any role but the presenter. So, when my partner Emily offered to be the 1 of our project, I was overjoyed. Unfortunately, on the presentation day, Emily fell ill badly. She had to stay home to rest. I was worried that she may 2 the presentation, so I called her. As I spoke to her on the phone, it became apparent that I had to step up and present our project. I was filled with 3 . By the time I hung up the phone, I could hardly breathe. I had no 4 but to make an alternative plan. I tried to 5 my nervousness and focus on the task at hand. Pulling out a piece of paper, I wrote whatever I could remember on it with great urgency. With that piece of paper, I stood outside the classroom door, waiting for my turn. I tried to be calm, but as time passed by, 6 went through me and the waiting area seemed too small for me to 7 . When my name was called, I broke out into a cold sweat. In front of the judges, my hands failed in their attempts to remain 8 . All the while, my voice and hands were shaking. I tried to take shallow breaths and I felt I would fall apart anytime. Somehow, I 9 to go through the entire presentation and deliver my speech as planned. 10 my fear was not as hard as it seemed, and my alternative plan proved to be a success. 1．A．recorder B．speaker C．designer D．organizer 2．A．change B．give C．analyze D．miss 3．A．relief B．excitement C．anxiety D．shame 4．A．resource B．worry C．chance D．choice 5．A．push aside B．let out C．hide behind D．hold onto 6．A．sadness B．fear C．anger D．guilt 7．A．rest B．cry C．breathe D．sigh 8．A．steady B．flexible C．gentle D．strong 9．A．pretended B．expected C．refused D．managed 10．A．Understanding B．Overcoming C．Admitting D．Expressing 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Thomas Gainsborough was an 18th-century English painter. One of his works, 11 (title) A Portrait of a Young Gentleman, is finally returning to England after 100 years. It will be showing at the National Gallery in London from January to March 2022. Painted in approximately 1770, the painting was nicknamed The Blue Boy because it shows a young boy 12 (wear) a striking blue outfit. 13 the major newspapers at the time said is that the painting was “the world’s most beautiful picture”. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. 14 (dark) would make him more appreciatively of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. I who am blind can give one hint to those 15 see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. And the same method can 16 (apply) to the other senses. But of all the senses, I am sure that sight must be the most delightful. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Globalization is the connection of different parts of the world. The process of globalization is very controversial. Many people say globalization will help people communicate. Aid agencies can respond more quickly 17 a natural disaster. Advanced medicines are more easily and widely available to people who may not have been able to afford them. Globalization 18 (increase) the number of students studying abroad over the past few years. 19 some people worry that Western culture will destroy local cultures around the world. What they fear is that everyone will end up 20 (eat) hamburgers and pizza. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The end of 2024 is on the horizon. Among the best of the year’s crop, we picked five interesting and educational books that you should not miss out. ●Game Theory by Brian Clegg This concise book introduces the fundamental concepts of game theory, using a branch of mathematics to analyze strategic interactions, such as Nash equilibria and prisoner’s dilemmas in an accessible approach. ●A is for Arsenic: The Poisons of Agatha Christie by Kathryn Harkup This book combines chemistry with crime fiction, exploring the poisons used to craft plots in Christie’s work. Aimed at fans of Christie’s work, the book provides an engaging look at the intersection of literature and science. ●The Milky Way: An Autobiography of Our Galaxy by Moiya McTier The book presents a unique perspective on the history of the Milky Way galaxy, narrated as if the galaxy itself were speaking. The main “character”, Milky Way, shares its cosmic journey from formation to the present day, integrating scientific facts with storytelling. ●The Planet in a Pebble: A Journey Into Earth’s Deep History by Jan Zalasiewicz This book delves into the geological history of Earth by examining a single pebble found on a beach in Wales, revealing the vast timescales and processes that have shaped our planet over billions of years. ●How Mathematics Shapes Everyday Life by Ian Stewart The book demonstrates the practical applications of mathematics in everyday scenarios, illustrating how mathematical concepts foster technologies and solutions we take for granted. A highlight is Stewart’s ability to make complex ideas approachable and entertaining. 21．What do Game Theory and How Mathematics Shapes Everyday Life have in common? A．Their authors adopt a plain writing style. B．They are accessible and engaging to readers. C．They involve practical relevance of advanced math. D．Their authors use creative approach to explaining complex game concepts. 22．According to its content, The Milky Way: An Autobiography of Our Galaxy is ______. A．a diary B．a scientific literature C．an autobiography D．a popular science reading 23．Who are the target readers of the forth book? A．Travel blogger. B．Astronomy professors. C．Anyone interested in geology. D．Students majoring in education. B While reliably snow-blanketed holidays might seem a thing of the past in Maryland and other parts of the East Coast - including Boston, which set a record this year for the longest stretch with no major snowfall - a new study reveals a much more urgent winter climate shift in a subpolar region of North America. Researchers at the Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC) identified the Bering Sea in the northern Pacific Ocean as a climate change hotspot, showing how environmental changes there threaten the coastal communities and ecosystems. The research team found that in nine of the last 10 winters, sea ice extent was lower than average, including record lows in 2018 and 2019. During this period of sea ice loss, wind speeds and wave heights increased. “In the Bering Sea, sea ice acts both to mitigate waves as they hit the edge of the ice cover, and also to limit the transfer of energy from winds into the ocean from which waves are generated. In turn, winds and waves can break up sea ice into smaller pieces at the ice edge,” said the researchers. “Less sea ice means less protection for coastal communities,” they said. “If sea ice continues to decline here, then we would expect that the extreme waves we have already observed with our satellite data would have a bigger impact on coastal communities,” said co-author Associate Professor Sinead Farrell. Sea ice is expected to continue declining as the Earth warms; by the 2040s, scientists expect sea ice extent in the Bering Sea to regularly dip below the record low set in 2018. The Bering Sea ice season is also expected to decrease by up to a full day per year through 2044. This transition will bring unpredictable effects to the region and its people. The team hopes to expand upon this research by studying regional climate models and integrating field data to confirm satellite observations. The researchers also hope to combine their studies’ conclusions with historical records of sea ice by Alaska’ s Indigenous communities. 24．Why does the author mention “Boston” in the first paragraph? A．To clarify a concept. B．To explain a natural law. C．To draw a conclusion. D．To present an alarming fact. 25．What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in paragraph 3? A．Remove. B．Increase. C．Weaken. D．Boost. 26．What influence might the declining sea ice in the Bering Sea bring? A．The region will experience a rapid recovery of sea ice. B．The duration of the sea ice season will shorten each year. C．The frequency and intensity of extreme waves may increase. D．Coastal communities will be more resistant to extreme weather. 27．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Waves Are Changing in the Bering Sea B．Shifting Seas: The Bering Ice Crisis C．The Hidden Effects of Climate Change D．Coastal Communities Benefit from Less Ice C I lost my leg to cancer at 30. My first trip out of the house as a one-legged woman would be to see a sick friend in hospital with my mom. As I made my way through the hospital, I was prepared for looks of curiosity, sympathy, and even shock. But one thing shook me to a depth I had never experienced before. Two kids were playing in the hallway. As I passed by on my crutches (拐杖), they looked up at me, and suddenly, the little boy pointed at me. “Look at that lady!” It seemed that he was shouting loud enough for the entire hospital to hear. “She only has one leg! Doesn’t that look funny?” Both of the kids burst into laughter. Heads turned, and I felt the blood rush to my face. I put my head down and rushed out as fast as I dared on my crutches. I held my tears back until the car door closed. As I fell into the seats, I cried, “How could they think this is funny?” My mom tried her best to comfort me, “Honey, they are just kids. They don’t know any better.” They were just kids, but that did not excuse their rude behavior. I felt a wave of belief flood through me. I knew what I had to do. “Well, someone has to teach them!” I said. And I knew that someone would be me. When I was well enough, I started to visit elementary schools and talk to children about being different. I was teaching children to be respectful of people who are different, and teaching them people come in all shapes, colors and sizes and we are each special and unique. Speaking to children was just the beginning for me. I became an inspirational speaker and author and learned that being grateful for all the remaining parts of me was the only way to start and end my day. I shared my story in my book called I Am Choosing to Smile. I do, indeed, choose to smile. Waking up every morning, I look down at my one foot and say with all sincerity, “Good morning, five toes. I’m very glad to see you!” 28．What shocked the author in the hospital? A．The curious look a boy had. B．The words a boy shouted out. C．The game the boys were playing. D．The sympathy the boys expressed. 29．How did the experience in the hospital change the author? A．She found the purpose of her life. B．She began to realize her difference. C．She understood kids’ characteristics. D．She learned the importance of respect. 30．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Patient. B．Brave. C．Intelligent. D．Caring. D A group of Chinese scientists have developed a kind of micro-robot powered by ion (离子) exchanges to remove micro-plastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) from water, according to Jinan University, one of its developers. The robot is 20 to 100 microns in diameter, thinner than a human hair. It has an innovated means of obtaining energy and can work without additional energy input. The research, published in the journal Science Advances, states that MNP pollution in non-marine waters poses a great threat to the global ecosystem. However, existing strategies often fail to remove the ultra-small plastic particles thoroughly. Seeking a better solution, scientists designed the micro-robots to remove MNPs from water, taking their inspiration from floor-sweeping robots. “Floor-sweeping robots can work autonomously on a planned route and sweep the garbage near them, so we thought there could be a similar kind of robot to clean garbage in the water,” said Wang Jizhuang, one of the leading researchers. The self-propelled (自动推进) robots can interact with surrounding particulates during their movements, accomplishing the dynamic removal of MNPs in their path. Meanwhile, the absorption of plastics in the water produces a flow around the robots, thus pushing them to move autonomously without other energy input. They can also be simply collected and controlled precisely through a programmable magnetic field, according to Wang. In their research, the robots were confirmed to show a removal efficiency of more than 90 percent during 100 continuous missions to remove MNPs with various compositions, sizes and shapes in the water. It is estimated that every liter of sewage only needs about 5 million micro-robots to clean up the MNPs in the water, which is very easy to achieve in practice. The group has set further research goals, such as finding ways for the newly-developed robots to collect MNPs and degrade them at the same time. It is hoped that the development of the self-propelled robots, with the advantages of affordable cost and minimal secondary pollution, will make them suitable for industrial applications, providing an appealing strategy for the removal of the ultrasmall plastic particles on a large scale. 31．What is the micro-robot able to do? A．To clean waste water. B．To exchange plastic particles. C．To generate energy. D．To degrade MNPs. 32．What inspired Wang to invent this micro-robot? A．Existing strategies. B．Floor-mopping robots. C．Pollution in waters. D．Threat to the ecosystem. 33．Which of the following is NOT a drive force for the micro-robot? A．A flow produced when absorbing plastics. B．Interaction with particulates around it. C．A programmable magnetic field. D．The dynamic removal of MNP. 34．Which factor makes the micro-robot suitable for industrial applications? A．Secondary pollution. B．A minimal size. C．Low cost. D．High efficiency. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom. 35 You will experience culture shock. Evidently, at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur. The first stage is called "the honeymoon". In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. 36 Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the "hostility stage". 37 You become tired of many things about the new culture. Moreover, people don't treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired. Then you come to the third stage called "recovery". You start feeling more positive, and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don't understand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable. 38 The last stage of culture shock is called "adjustment". 39 The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture. A．Actually, culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country. B．You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture. C．You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you. D．You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages. E．In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. F．However, when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it. G．You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 People face all kinds of problems in life. There are personal crises, such as illness, loss of a loved one, abuse, bullying, job loss, and financial instability. People have to learn to cope with and work through very challenging life experiences. In those experiences, resilience is the key factor for people to overcome challenges. Resilience is the ability of people to feel better quickly after something unpleasant. Resilient people do experience stress, setbacks, and difficult emotions, but they tap into their strengths and seek help from support systems to overcome challenges and work through problems. Resilience empowers people to accept and adapt to a situation and move forward. It is the core strength people use to lift the load of life. Kids confront any number of challenges as they grow — from starting school and making new friends to adverse experiences, such as bullying and abuse. Building resilience can help children manage stress and feelings of anxiety and uncertainty. Young people need help learning to develop resilience in a stressful world. It isn’t as easy as telling them to try again. They need social support. Parents can help children develop resilience through positive behaviors and thoughts, such as setting realistic goals, maintaining a daily routine, encouraging self-discovery, accepting change as part of life and so on. Young people live up or down to the expectations that are set for them and need adults who love them unconditionally and hold them to high expectations. Most importantly, how parents model resilience for young people is far more important than what they say about it. Building resilience is a process by which people use flexibility to reframe thought patterns and learn to tap into a strengths-based approach to working through challenges. With resilience, a person may feel equipped to manage stresses. Resilience is not a long-lasting state but resilience can be learned. 40．What is resilience? 41．Why do people need resilience? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. What parents say plays a more important role in helping young people to develop resilience. 43．What can you do to build your resilience? 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 44．假定你是李华，你得知好友Eric经常吃垃圾食品（ junk food），有时甚至会以垃圾食品代替正餐。请你根据以下要点给他写封邮件，劝他远离垃圾食品： 1. 了解到Eric的问题； 2. 垃圾食品的危害； 3. 表达希望与祝愿。 4. 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Eric， _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025年高考第一次模拟考试（北京专用）03 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 I am never good at public speaking. Every time I was involved in a group project, I would always volunteer to be any role but the presenter. So, when my partner Emily offered to be the 1 of our project, I was overjoyed. Unfortunately, on the presentation day, Emily fell ill badly. She had to stay home to rest. I was worried that she may 2 the presentation, so I called her. As I spoke to her on the phone, it became apparent that I had to step up and present our project. I was filled with 3 . By the time I hung up the phone, I could hardly breathe. I had no 4 but to make an alternative plan. I tried to 5 my nervousness and focus on the task at hand. Pulling out a piece of paper, I wrote whatever I could remember on it with great urgency. With that piece of paper, I stood outside the classroom door, waiting for my turn. I tried to be calm, but as time passed by, 6 went through me and the waiting area seemed too small for me to 7 . When my name was called, I broke out into a cold sweat. In front of the judges, my hands failed in their attempts to remain 8 . All the while, my voice and hands were shaking. I tried to take shallow breaths and I felt I would fall apart anytime. Somehow, I 9 to go through the entire presentation and deliver my speech as planned. 10 my fear was not as hard as it seemed, and my alternative plan proved to be a success. 1．A．recorder B．speaker C．designer D．organizer 2．A．change B．give C．analyze D．miss 3．A．relief B．excitement C．anxiety D．shame 4．A．resource B．worry C．chance D．choice 5．A．push aside B．let out C．hide behind D．hold onto 6．A．sadness B．fear C．anger D．guilt 7．A．rest B．cry C．breathe D．sigh 8．A．steady B．flexible C．gentle D．strong 9．A．pretended B．expected C．refused D．managed 10．A．Understanding B．Overcoming C．Admitting D．Expressing 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Thomas Gainsborough was an 18th-century English painter. One of his works, 11 (title) A Portrait of a Young Gentleman, is finally returning to England after 100 years. It will be showing at the National Gallery in London from January to March 2022. Painted in approximately 1770, the painting was nicknamed The Blue Boy because it shows a young boy 12 (wear) a striking blue outfit. 13 the major newspapers at the time said is that the painting was “the world’s most beautiful picture”. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. 14 (dark) would make him more appreciatively of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. I who am blind can give one hint to those 15 see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you would be stricken blind. And the same method can 16 (apply) to the other senses. But of all the senses, I am sure that sight must be the most delightful. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Globalization is the connection of different parts of the world. The process of globalization is very controversial. Many people say globalization will help people communicate. Aid agencies can respond more quickly 17 a natural disaster. Advanced medicines are more easily and widely available to people who may not have been able to afford them. Globalization 18 (increase) the number of students studying abroad over the past few years. 19 some people worry that Western culture will destroy local cultures around the world. What they fear is that everyone will end up 20 (eat) hamburgers and pizza. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The end of 2024 is on the horizon. Among the best of the year’s crop, we picked five interesting and educational books that you should not miss out. ●Game Theory by Brian Clegg This concise book introduces the fundamental concepts of game theory, using a branch of mathematics to analyze strategic interactions, such as Nash equilibria and prisoner’s dilemmas in an accessible approach. ●A is for Arsenic: The Poisons of Agatha Christie by Kathryn Harkup This book combines chemistry with crime fiction, exploring the poisons used to craft plots in Christie’s work. Aimed at fans of Christie’s work, the book provides an engaging look at the intersection of literature and science. ●The Milky Way: An Autobiography of Our Galaxy by Moiya McTier The book presents a unique perspective on the history of the Milky Way galaxy, narrated as if the galaxy itself were speaking. The main “character”, Milky Way, shares its cosmic journey from formation to the present day, integrating scientific facts with storytelling. ●The Planet in a Pebble: A Journey Into Earth’s Deep History by Jan Zalasiewicz This book delves into the geological history of Earth by examining a single pebble found on a beach in Wales, revealing the vast timescales and processes that have shaped our planet over billions of years. ●How Mathematics Shapes Everyday Life by Ian Stewart The book demonstrates the practical applications of mathematics in everyday scenarios, illustrating how mathematical concepts foster technologies and solutions we take for granted. A highlight is Stewart’s ability to make complex ideas approachable and entertaining. 21．What do Game Theory and How Mathematics Shapes Everyday Life have in common? A．Their authors adopt a plain writing style. B．They are accessible and engaging to readers. C．They involve practical relevance of advanced math. D．Their authors use creative approach to explaining complex game concepts. 22．According to its content, The Milky Way: An Autobiography of Our Galaxy is ______. A．a diary B．a scientific literature C．an autobiography D．a popular science reading 23．Who are the target readers of the forth book? A．Travel blogger. B．Astronomy professors. C．Anyone interested in geology. D．Students majoring in education. B While reliably snow-blanketed holidays might seem a thing of the past in Maryland and other parts of the East Coast - including Boston, which set a record this year for the longest stretch with no major snowfall - a new study reveals a much more urgent winter climate shift in a subpolar region of North America. Researchers at the Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center (ESSIC) identified the Bering Sea in the northern Pacific Ocean as a climate change hotspot, showing how environmental changes there threaten the coastal communities and ecosystems. The research team found that in nine of the last 10 winters, sea ice extent was lower than average, including record lows in 2018 and 2019. During this period of sea ice loss, wind speeds and wave heights increased. “In the Bering Sea, sea ice acts both to mitigate waves as they hit the edge of the ice cover, and also to limit the transfer of energy from winds into the ocean from which waves are generated. In turn, winds and waves can break up sea ice into smaller pieces at the ice edge,” said the researchers. “Less sea ice means less protection for coastal communities,” they said. “If sea ice continues to decline here, then we would expect that the extreme waves we have already observed with our satellite data would have a bigger impact on coastal communities,” said co-author Associate Professor Sinead Farrell. Sea ice is expected to continue declining as the Earth warms; by the 2040s, scientists expect sea ice extent in the Bering Sea to regularly dip below the record low set in 2018. The Bering Sea ice season is also expected to decrease by up to a full day per year through 2044. This transition will bring unpredictable effects to the region and its people. The team hopes to expand upon this research by studying regional climate models and integrating field data to confirm satellite observations. The researchers also hope to combine their studies’ conclusions with historical records of sea ice by Alaska’ s Indigenous communities. 24．Why does the author mention “Boston” in the first paragraph? A．To clarify a concept. B．To explain a natural law. C．To draw a conclusion. D．To present an alarming fact. 25．What does the underlined word “mitigate” mean in paragraph 3? A．Remove. B．Increase. C．Weaken. D．Boost. 26．What influence might the declining sea ice in the Bering Sea bring? A．The region will experience a rapid recovery of sea ice. B．The duration of the sea ice season will shorten each year. C．The frequency and intensity of extreme waves may increase. D．Coastal communities will be more resistant to extreme weather. 27．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Waves Are Changing in the Bering Sea B．Shifting Seas: The Bering Ice Crisis C．The Hidden Effects of Climate Change D．Coastal Communities Benefit from Less Ice C I lost my leg to cancer at 30. My first trip out of the house as a one-legged woman would be to see a sick friend in hospital with my mom. As I made my way through the hospital, I was prepared for looks of curiosity, sympathy, and even shock. But one thing shook me to a depth I had never experienced before. Two kids were playing in the hallway. As I passed by on my crutches (拐杖), they looked up at me, and suddenly, the little boy pointed at me. “Look at that lady!” It seemed that he was shouting loud enough for the entire hospital to hear. “She only has one leg! Doesn’t that look funny?” Both of the kids burst into laughter. Heads turned, and I felt the blood rush to my face. I put my head down and rushed out as fast as I dared on my crutches. I held my tears back until the car door closed. As I fell into the seats, I cried, “How could they think this is funny?” My mom tried her best to comfort me, “Honey, they are just kids. They don’t know any better.” They were just kids, but that did not excuse their rude behavior. I felt a wave of belief flood through me. I knew what I had to do. “Well, someone has to teach them!” I said. And I knew that someone would be me. When I was well enough, I started to visit elementary schools and talk to children about being different. I was teaching children to be respectful of people who are different, and teaching them people come in all shapes, colors and sizes and we are each special and unique. Speaking to children was just the beginning for me. I became an inspirational speaker and author and learned that being grateful for all the remaining parts of me was the only way to start and end my day. I shared my story in my book called I Am Choosing to Smile. I do, indeed, choose to smile. Waking up every morning, I look down at my one foot and say with all sincerity, “Good morning, five toes. I’m very glad to see you!” 28．What shocked the author in the hospital? A．The curious look a boy had. B．The words a boy shouted out. C．The game the boys were playing. D．The sympathy the boys expressed. 29．How did the experience in the hospital change the author? A．She found the purpose of her life. B．She began to realize her difference. C．She understood kids’ characteristics. D．She learned the importance of respect. 30．Which of the following words can best describe the author? A．Patient. B．Brave. C．Intelligent. D．Caring. D A group of Chinese scientists have developed a kind of micro-robot powered by ion (离子) exchanges to remove micro-plastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) from water, according to Jinan University, one of its developers. The robot is 20 to 100 microns in diameter, thinner than a human hair. It has an innovated means of obtaining energy and can work without additional energy input. The research, published in the journal Science Advances, states that MNP pollution in non-marine waters poses a great threat to the global ecosystem. However, existing strategies often fail to remove the ultra-small plastic particles thoroughly. Seeking a better solution, scientists designed the micro-robots to remove MNPs from water, taking their inspiration from floor-sweeping robots. “Floor-sweeping robots can work autonomously on a planned route and sweep the garbage near them, so we thought there could be a similar kind of robot to clean garbage in the water,” said Wang Jizhuang, one of the leading researchers. The self-propelled (自动推进) robots can interact with surrounding particulates during their movements, accomplishing the dynamic removal of MNPs in their path. Meanwhile, the absorption of plastics in the water produces a flow around the robots, thus pushing them to move autonomously without other energy input. They can also be simply collected and controlled precisely through a programmable magnetic field, according to Wang. In their research, the robots were confirmed to show a removal efficiency of more than 90 percent during 100 continuous missions to remove MNPs with various compositions, sizes and shapes in the water. It is estimated that every liter of sewage only needs about 5 million micro-robots to clean up the MNPs in the water, which is very easy to achieve in practice. The group has set further research goals, such as finding ways for the newly-developed robots to collect MNPs and degrade them at the same time. It is hoped that the development of the self-propelled robots, with the advantages of affordable cost and minimal secondary pollution, will make them suitable for industrial applications, providing an appealing strategy for the removal of the ultrasmall plastic particles on a large scale. 31．What is the micro-robot able to do? A．To clean waste water. B．To exchange plastic particles. C．To generate energy. D．To degrade MNPs. 32．What inspired Wang to invent this micro-robot? A．Existing strategies. B．Floor-mopping robots. C．Pollution in waters. D．Threat to the ecosystem. 33．Which of the following is NOT a drive force for the micro-robot? A．A flow produced when absorbing plastics. B．Interaction with particulates around it. C．A programmable magnetic field. D．The dynamic removal of MNP. 34．Which factor makes the micro-robot suitable for industrial applications? A．Secondary pollution. B．A minimal size. C．Low cost. D．High efficiency. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。 Do you think studying in a different country is something that sounds very exciting? Certainly, it is a new experience, which brings the opportunity of discovering fascinating things and a feeling of freedom. 35 You will experience culture shock. Evidently, at least four essential stages of culture-shock adjustment occur. The first stage is called "the honeymoon". In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place, and everything seems to be marvelous. 36 Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the "hostility stage". 37 You become tired of many things about the new culture. Moreover, people don't treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired. Then you come to the third stage called "recovery". You start feeling more positive, and you try to develop comprehension of everything you don't understand. The whole situation starts to become more favorable. 38 The last stage of culture shock is called "adjustment". 39 The things that initially made you feel uncomfortable or strange are now things that you understand. Now you feel comfortable; you have adjusted to the new culture. A．Actually, culture shock is something you cannot avoid when studying in a foreign country. B．You have reached a point where you feel good because you have learned enough to understand the new culture. C．You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you. D．You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages. E．In spite of these advantages, however, there are also some challenges you will encounter. F．However, when you have completely adjusted to a new culture you can more fully enjoy it. G．You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 People face all kinds of problems in life. There are personal crises, such as illness, loss of a loved one, abuse, bullying, job loss, and financial instability. People have to learn to cope with and work through very challenging life experiences. In those experiences, resilience is the key factor for people to overcome challenges. Resilience is the ability of people to feel better quickly after something unpleasant. Resilient people do experience stress, setbacks, and difficult emotions, but they tap into their strengths and seek help from support systems to overcome challenges and work through problems. Resilience empowers people to accept and adapt to a situation and move forward. It is the core strength people use to lift the load of life. Kids confront any number of challenges as they grow — from starting school and making new friends to adverse experiences, such as bullying and abuse. Building resilience can help children manage stress and feelings of anxiety and uncertainty. Young people need help learning to develop resilience in a stressful world. It isn’t as easy as telling them to try again. They need social support. Parents can help children develop resilience through positive behaviors and thoughts, such as setting realistic goals, maintaining a daily routine, encouraging self-discovery, accepting change as part of life and so on. Young people live up or down to the expectations that are set for them and need adults who love them unconditionally and hold them to high expectations. Most importantly, how parents model resilience for young people is far more important than what they say about it. Building resilience is a process by which people use flexibility to reframe thought patterns and learn to tap into a strengths-based approach to working through challenges. With resilience, a person may feel equipped to manage stresses. Resilience is not a long-lasting state but resilience can be learned. 40．What is resilience? 41．Why do people need resilience? 42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. What parents say plays a more important role in helping young people to develop resilience. 43．What can you do to build your resilience? 第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分) 44．假定你是李华，你得知好友Eric经常吃垃圾食品（ junk food），有时甚至会以垃圾食品代替正餐。请你根据以下要点给他写封邮件，劝他远离垃圾食品： 1. 了解到Eric的问题； 2. 垃圾食品的危害； 3. 表达希望与祝愿。 4. 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Eric， _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 试题 第7页（共8页） 试题 第8页（共8页） 试题 第5页（共8页） 试题 第6页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$