内容正文:
Unit2 Food and Health
话题
Food and Health
词汇
choice ,own ,meal ,cost ,would ,order ,piece ,healthily ,however ,grow ,through ,add ,smell ,taste
anything ,else,large
短语
1.packed lunch 2.too much 3.be bad for 4.make .... strong 5.every day 6.check out 7.stay healthy
8.get through
句型
1.At British schools, there are two lunch choices: a packed lunch and a school dinner.
2.A lot of parents make their children packed lunches, but I make my own.
3.Well, my lunch is very healthy, but some of my friends bring sweets and chips in theirs.
4.There are vegetables and fruit in every meal. School dinners are very healthy!
5.But remember:too much of them will be bad for our body.
6.These kinds of food make our bodies and teeth strong, so we can eat them every day.
7.These kinds of food give us what we need to help us grow big and strong.
8.They are very good for us because they help our bodies stay fit and healthy.
9.It is very important to eat lots of these kinds of food because they give us the energy we need to get through the day.
语法
1.名词 2.数词
写作
健康饮食
考点1 .choose的用法
用法分析 choose动词“选择;挑选”,其过去式为chose,过去分词为chosen。
我想给我的朋友选一件漂亮的礼物。I want to choose a nice gift for my friend.
考点拓展 choose的名词形式choice表示“选择;抉择”,是中考易考点。
固定搭配 make a choice 做选择;have no choice but to do 除了做……别无选择。
I had no choice but to wait.除了等,我没有别的选择。
-We missed the last bus. What should we do?
-I’m afraid we have no ___C___ but to take a taxi.
A. decision B. reason C. choice D. chance
考点2.own的用法
用法分析 own做形容词,意为“自己的,本人的”。owner指“拥有者,所有者”。own做动词,意为“拥有”。
他有自己的房子。He has a house of his own.
谁拥有这辆车?Who owns this car?
固定搭配 on one's own独自,主动地,相当于by oneself;with one's own eyes亲眼看见;one's own某人自己的东西。
You should do the homework on your own.你该独立完成作业。
Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on his own.白求恩医生有时不得不亲自治疗伤员。
She saw it with her own eyes.她亲眼看见了这件事。
-China's first large passenger plane C919 flew successfully on May 5.
-Yes. What's more, it was built(建造)on our own in Shanghai.(同义替换)
A. with some help B. from our friends C. by ourselves
C
考点3.could的用法
用法分析 could是情态动词“能够”。could在此不是can的过去式,只是语气较can更委婉,注意在回答中不可用 could,用can。
—Could I look at your pictures?我能看看你的照片吗?
—Yes,of course you can.是的,你当然可以了。
—Could I have the television on?我可以开电视吗?
—Yes,you can./No,you can't.是的,可以。/不,不可以。
考点拓展could是情态动词can的过去式,表示“过去”的能力、允许和可能性。
He could speak English when he was a child.他在小的时候就会说英语。
—Could I invite my friends to the party on Saturday,Mom?
—Of course you___D___. That sounds like fun.
A.may B.could C.must D.can
考点4.buy的用法
用法分析buy买,及物动词,后接双宾语。buy sb.sth. = buy sth. for sb.表示“给某人买某物”。
母亲给我买了很多水果。Mother bought me a lot of fruit.
=Mother bought a lot of fruit for me.
特殊考点 (1)动词有明确的服务对象,接双宾语时,间接宾语前要用for,这类词有:buy,leave,make,get,sing,provide,cook等。
(2)动词具有明显的物质或信息方面的传递,间接宾语前要加介词to,这类词有:give,bring,post,return,throw,show,allow,lend,tell,explain,teach,write,send,promise,refuse等。
He gave some books to her.他给她一些书籍。
I bought some flowers ___A___ my mom ______ my best wishes on her birthday.
A. for;with B. to;for C. of;to D. from;with
考点5.serve的用法
用法分析 serve动词,意为“接待;服务;提供”。
他们不怕麻烦,想方设法为所有的旅客服务。They go out of their way to think of ways to serve all the passengers.
考点拓展 (1)serve的常见用法:
serve
serve+名词、代词
提供……
serve sb. sth.=serve sth.to sb.
把某物提供给某人招待某人某物
serve sb. with sth.
用某物招待某人
serve up
端上桌(食物等);提供;上菜
Please serve the dumplings to my friends.请用水饺招待我的朋友们。
Her mother served us with milk tea yesterday.她妈妈昨天用奶茶招待了我们。
She served up an excellent lunch.她准备了一顿丰盛的午饭。
(2)service名词,意为“接待;服务”。
It has the friendliest service.它有最友好的服务。
考点6.表示“花费”的用法
I like to spend time there on weekends. 我喜欢在那儿度过周末。
1.Spend--sb. spend(s)/spent+时间/金钱on sth./(in) doing sth.
“某人花费一些时间/金钱在某物上/在做某事上”
2.Take--It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”
3.Cost--sth. cost(s) sb. some money “某物花费某人多少钱”
4.Pay--sb. +金钱for sth. “某人为某物付款”
Sb. pay(s)/paid ab.+金钱“某人付给某人多少钱”
【图示】
It′s nice of you to spend so much time showing me around your school. 你太好了,花费这么多时间带我参观你的学校
It takes Jim about half an hour to do his homework every day.吉姆每天花费大约半小时做作业。
My sister paid 30 dollars for a pair of jeans, though she thought the price was a little high. 我姐姐为一条牛仔裤付了30美金,尽管她认为价格有些高
考点7.piece的用法
用法分析 piece名词,意为“片;块;段;首……”。piece是可数名词,主要用于表示名词的数量,用“数词+piece(s)+of+名词”形式。a piece of短语做主语,谓语用单数;pieces of短语做主语,谓语用复数。
这张纸太脏了,不能在上面写字。
This piece of paper is too dirty to write on.
露西,给我一片面包。Give me a piece of bread, Lucy.
考点拓展a cup of一杯,a glass of一玻璃杯,a bag of一包,a box of一箱,a bowl of一碗,a slice of一片,a bottle of一瓶。
特殊考点 “It is a piece of cake./A piece of cake.”它是一块蛋糕。引申意义为“小菜一碟。”
这个问题太容易了。真是小菜一碟。This problem is too easy. It’s really a piece of cake.
I’m so hungry. Please give me ___B___ to eat.
A. three bread
B. three pieces of bread
C. three pieces of breads
考点8.prefer的用法
People often prefer to carve by band rather than use the machine, because the works by hand are natural.
按要求完成句子。
1.We'd prefer playing outdoors watching television.(盲填)
2.I prefer (see) a doctor as soon as possible.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
3.We would prefer you (call) me up tomorrow at 6:30.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
4.他们宁可待在家里,也不愿去看电影。(根据汉语意思完成句子)
They preferred at home rather than the movies.
They preferred at home to the movies.
1.to 2.to see 3.to call 4.to stay go to staying going to
考点9.bring的用法
用法分析 bring是“拿来,带来”的意思,指“向我而来”。
Please bring your ID card from your home.请把你的身份证从家里带过来。
考点辨析 bring,take,get,carry
“带”法各不同
bring
拿来,带来
词组bring...from...
指从别处把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地点
take
拿走,带走
词组take...to...
指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带走
get
拿来,去取
词组get sb sth=get sth for sb
离开说话地去取某物再回来,动作是往返的
carry
提,扛,背,抱,抬等
指随身携带、搬运,无方向性
Why don't you bring him here?你为什么不把他带这儿来?
When he leaves, he will take the book with him.他走的时候会把书带走的。
You have to get the book.你得去把那本书取回来。
The box is too heavy for me to carry.那个箱子太重了,我搬不动。
-I forget to ___A__ a pen. Would you lend me one?
-Of course. Here you are.
A. bring B. get C. take D. carry
考点10.add的用法
用法分析 add指“添加,加,增加”。
She tasted her soup, and then added more seasoning.她尝了尝汤,然后又加了些调料。
考点拓展
add
add...to...
把……加
到……上,
把……加
到……中
add to
增加,增添
add up
把……加在一起
add up to
加起来共计、总共
Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加点盐。
I don’t want to add to his difficulties.我不想增加他的困难。
Add up 6,8 and 18 and you’ll get 32.把6、8和18相加,总数等于32。
The cost of two trips added up to 1,000 dollars.两次旅行的费用总计达1000美元。
-How much salt do we need to add ___B___ the soup?
-One spoon. After that, we should cook it _______ another five minutes.
A. to;on B. to;for C. up;for D. up;on
考点11.sound的用法
用法分析 sound做系动词,表示“听起来(像)……;似乎……”,其后可跟形容词、名词做表语。
这个故事听起来很有趣。This story sounds interesting.
考点拓展 sound like也表示“听起来(像)……”, like是介词,后面接名词、代词或动名词。
That sounds like a good idea.那听上去是个好主意。
注意(1) Sounds good./Sounds like a good idea./That sounds good.常用于回答提建议的句子,表示赞同。
—Let' play ping-pong!咱们打乒乓球吧!
—Sounds good.听起来不错。
(2)表示感觉的连系动词:smell闻起来,feel感觉,摸起来,sound听起来,taste尝起来,其中smell,sound, taste的主语只能是物,feel的主语可以是人,也可以是物,后面都跟形容词做表语。
—Have you seen(你曾看过)the movie Titanic,Wang Wei?
—Yes.The music in it___B___.
A.looks great B.sounds great C.feels great
考点12.anything的用法
用法分析 anything是不定代词“任何东西;任何事物”,用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。
如果把眼睛闭上,你就什么也看不见了。
If you close your eyes,you can't see anything.
考点拓展 something“某事,某物”,用于肯定句; nothing“没什么;没什么东西”,相当于not anything;everything“每件事物;最重要的东西”。以上不定代词做主语,谓语用第三人称单数。
Let me in.I have something important to tell you.让我进去。我有要事告诉你。
There is nothing in the box.盒子里什么也没有。
Everything begins to grow in spring.春天万物开始生长。
特殊考点(1)在表示请求、征询某人建议的疑问句中,希望得到对方的肯定回答用 something,不用 anything。
你想喝点什么吗?—Would you like something to drink?
好的。—Yes,please.
(2)形容词修饰不定代词 anything/something等时,形容词后置。
Did you hear anything interesting there?你在那儿听到什么有趣的事了吗?
—Did you find___C___ funny in the book?
—Yes.It talks about how to be a good kid.
A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything
考点13.含good短语的不同含义
be good for
对……有益、好处
反义词组:be bad for“对……有害”,for后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式
be good to
对……友好
相当于 be kind/friendly to
be good with
和………相处很好
相当于 get along/on well with
Eating fruit every day is good for your health.每天吃水果对你的健康有好处。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
The workers are good with their boss.这些工人和他们的老板相处得很好。
Kate is good at dancing.(同义替换)___B___
A.do well in B.does well in C.is interested in D.is good for
考点14.healthy的用法
用法分析 healthy意为“健康的”、相当于fit,做表语或定语。healthy的反义词为 unhealthy或者weak。短语:keep healthy/fit保持健康。
你必须照顾自己,保持身体健康。You must look after yourself and keep healthy.
考点拓展(1)healthy的名词形式为health(健康),是不可数名词。be in good health身体健康。
(2)healthy的副词形式为healthily,用于修饰动词。
My grandmother is still good health.我祖母的身体还很健康.
It's good for your health.这对你的健康有好处。
注意 health(名词)健康→healthy→(形容词)健康的→healthily(副词)健康地。
Fast food like hamburgers is not___B___ food. We should have less them.
A.health B.healthy C.healthily
考点15.order的用法
用法分析 order名词或动词,意为“点菜”;order动词,意为“订购;订货”。
固定搭配 take one's order点菜;order sth. for sb.= order sb. sth.为某人订购某物;order sth.from...从……订购某物。
Could you please order lunch for me?你能为我订午餐吗?
I ordered some clothes from that shop.我从那家商店订购了一些衣服。
May I take your order, sir?先生,现在可以点菜了吗?
考点拓展 (1)order名词或动词,意为“命令;指示”。
order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事。
You must obey my orders.你必须服从我的命令。
The policeman ordered me to park my car there.警察命令我把车停在那边。
(2)order可构成in order to 和in order that,意为“为了……,以便……”。in order that=so that,引导复合句。
I ran fast in order to catch the early bus.为了赶上早班公交车,我跑得很快。
You must speak louder in order that you can be heard by all.你必须大声说,以便于所有人都能听到。
-___A___ ?
-Yes, I'd like some beef noodles.
A. May I take your order
B. May I borrow your ruler
C. What club do you want to join
D. What size would you like
考点16.cook的用法
用法分析cook在句中做及物动词“做饭”,cook sth.for sb.为某人做……(饭)。
妈妈每天为我们做美食。My mother cooks delicious food for us every day.
考点拓展
cook
名词
炊事员,厨师
动词
烹调,煮
Mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen.妈妈在厨房做晚饭。
He works as a cook in a restaurant during the summer.这个夏天他在一家饭店当厨师。
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
He cooks very well and he is a___cook___.
考点17.fish的用法
用法分析fish表示“鱼肉”,是不可数名词。
请随意吃些鱼。Help yourself to some fish,please.
考点拓展(1)“鱼”,可数名词。复数fish(单复数一样);fishes表示鱼的种类(复数)。
I want three fish.我想要三条鱼。
There are many kinds of fishes in the river.这条河里有许多种鱼。
(2)fish钓鱼,动词。go fishing去钓鱼。
Do you often go fishing on Sundays?星期天你经常去钓鱼吗?
考点18.grow的用法
用法分析grow做实义动词时,意为“种植”。过去式是grew 。
你们这儿种什么庄稼?What crops do you grow here?
考点拓展(1)grow做实义动词时,意为“生长;发育”。 grow up意为“长大(成人);成熟;成长”。
When I grow up,I shall be a doctor.我长大后要当个医生。
(2)grow还表示“变成;逐渐变得”,后面可接形容词或过去分词做表语。
The boy is growing thinner and thinner.这个男孩变得越来越瘦了。
小提示grow和 plant都有“种植”的意思。 plant着重指“种植”这一动作,这种动作涉及的时间较短;grow着重指种植以后的“栽培,管理”过程,涉及时间较长。
He planted an apple tree last year,but it is dead now.他去年种了一棵苹果树,但是现在这棵树死了。
He grows many kinds of flowers in his garden every year.他每年在他的花园里种很多种花。
根据汉语提示完成句子
These kinds of plants___grow___(生长)in the northern part of our country.
考点19.too many的用法
用法分析 too many表示“太多的……”,用来修饰可数名词复数。
在北京车太多了。There are too many cars in Beijing.
她包里的东西太多了。She has too many things in her bag.
考点辨析 too many,too much,much too,so many,so much
“如此多”各不同
too many太多的
修饰复数名词
too much太多的
修饰不可数名词/动词
much too太……
修饰形容词/副词
so many如此多
修饰复数名词
so much如此多
修饰不可数名词
小提示 区别时主要看短语后面的many(接复数名词);much(接不可数名词);too(接形容词/副词)。
I have too many questions to ask.我有太多的问题要问。
Today he has too much homework to do.今天他有太多的家庭作业要做。
It's much too cold today.今天天气太冷了。
Thanks for sending me so many photos.谢谢你寄给我这么多照片。
My cousin is___C___ heavy because he often eats______ fast food.
A.too much;too many B.too many;too much
C.much too;too much D.too much;much too
考点20.else的用法
用法分析 else表示“其他的;别的”,常放在疑问代词who,what,whose,不定代词 something,anything,everyone,疑问副词 where,when等后面,即else要后置。
I have nothing else to say.我没有什么别的要说了。
你还能在图片里看到别的什么吗?What else can you see in the picture?
我们下次什么时候还能见面?When else can we meet next time?
考点辨析 else,other
else
修饰不定代词或疑问词,else要后置。
other
“其他的;别的”,修饰名词,且放在名词前。
Where else are you going to stay?你们还要在什么地方停留?
What other things are there on the table?桌上还有别的什么东西吗?
特殊考点 形容词修饰不定代词,形容词要后置。enough 修饰形容词或副词,enough要后置。
-Do you have ___B___ to say about this problem?
—No, I don't.
A. else anything B. anything else C. everything else
考点21.辨析through、across、over与along
It looks as if a hurricane passed through it.
词汇含义及用法示例
through作介词,常与go/walk 连用,表示“穿过;通过;经过”,指从空间内通过
across作介词,常与go/walk 连用,表示“横过;穿过”,指从物体表面通过。across from 意为“在……对面”
over作介词,表示“横过;越过”,指从物体上方经过
along作介词,表示“沿着”,通常指顺着狭长的路
用across、through或over填空。
1.The man went the city alone.
2.My father can swim the river easily.
3.Look, a plane is flying our head.
4.Jenny saw some monkeys and rabbits when she was walking the forest.
5.Look at the bird! It is flying the sea.
6.The sunshine is coming in the window.
7.They walked slowly the road, talking and laughing.
1.through 2.across 3.over 4.through 5.over 6.through 7.along
1. 语法精讲
一.名词用法
一.可数名词的单复数
基本用法
英语中,名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。不可数名词没有复数形式,可数名词在表示多个人或物时用复数形式。
可数名词的复数形式一般是在词尾添加-s或-es构成,其构成规则如下:
(1)一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s,map→maps
(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-es。
bus→buses,box→boxes,dish→dishes,watch→watches
(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i,再加-es。family→families。strawberry-strawberries
元音字母+y结尾的名词,直接在后加-s. boy-boys, toy-toys
(4)以f,fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加-es。thief→thieves。knife→knives
(5)以o结尾的名词,口诀“黑人吃土豆,英雄吃番茄”。加-es
negro-negroes; potato→potatoes;hero-heroes;tomato→tomatoes;
其余加-s,photo→photos;piano-pianos
不规则变化:少数名词不规则,男女脚牙鹅孩子+老鼠
man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese child-children mouse-mice
单复同形 :中日人民爱吃鱼鹿羊
Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese fish-fish deer-deer sheep-sheep
注意:
英语中必须记住的不可数名词:天气;面包;工作;钱;作业
weather;bread;work;money;homework
特殊用法一
(1)表示“一个”概念时,可数名词用单数形式。
She is a good girl.她是一位好女孩。
(2)“the/a/an +可数名词单数”表示一类人或物。
I like the panda.我喜欢熊猫。
(3)可数名词有单、复数之分。如:one desk一张桌子,two chairs两把椅子,many birds许多鸟等。
(4)可数名词可以直接用不定冠词a/an、数词或many,some,any,a lot of,lots of等修饰。
an apple一个苹果,three pictures三幅画,some students一些学生等。
(5)单数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;复数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
There is a pen on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔。
There are some students in the classroom.教室里有一些学生。
(6)在特殊疑问句中,用how many修饰可数名词。
How many students are there in your class? 你们班上有多少学生?
特殊用法二
1.有些名词既可做可数名词,也可做不可数名词,但它们表达的意义不同,见下表
可数名词
不可数名词
chicken(小鸡)
chicken(鸡肉)
fish(鱼)
fish(鱼肉)
glass(眼镜)
glass(玻璃)
orange(橘子)
orange(橘汁)
2.修饰可数名词及不可数名词的词汇
修饰可数名词的词汇
many,a few,few
修饰不可数名词的词汇
much,a little,little
既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词的词汇
some,a lot of,any,lots of
二.名词所有格
(一)“'s”所有格
“'s”所有格主要用于表示有生命事物的名词所有关系:
1.在一般的单数名词后加“'s”。
my father's car我父亲的汽车
2.以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾只加“'”,不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“'s”。
Teachers' Day教师节
Women's Day妇女节
3.表示共同的所有关系时,仅在最后一词末尾加“'s”,表示各自的所有关系时,各词末均须加“'s”。
Tom and Tim's mother汤姆和蒂姆的妈妈
Tom's and Tim's rooms汤姆的房间和蒂姆的房间
4.表示“店铺(理发店,面包房等),诊所或某人家”的名词所有格,一般省略所修饰的名词。
She is now at the doctor's她现在在诊所。
—Where are you going?你要去哪里?
—To Tom's.去汤姆家。
5.有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命事物的名词,也可以加“'s”构成所有格。
today' s newspaper今天的报纸
five minutes' walk步行五分钟的路程
(二)of所有格
1.of所有格多用于表示无生命事物的名词所有关系。
a map of China一幅中国地图
2.of所有格也可以用于表示人或其他有生命事物的名词所有关系。
The name of the cat is Mimi.这只猫的名字是咪咪。
The life of the people is becoming better and better.人民的生活正变得越来越好。
3.“'s”所有格和of所有格有时候可以互相转换。地名、交通工具名以及与人的活动有关的无生命名词可用of所有格,也可用“'s”所有格。
the girl's new dress=the new dress of the girl这个女孩儿的新连衣裙
(三)双重所有格
双重所有格是指既含有“'s”所有格,又含有of所有格的结构。双重所有格可用来表示整体中的一部分,也可以用来表达特殊的情感。
an old friend of my father's我爸爸的一位老朋友(表示我爸爸众多朋友中的“一个”)
the lovely son of my sister's我姐姐的可爱的儿子(表达情感)
【巩固练习】
一
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. These are my brothers (brother).They are in No.11 Middle School.
2. —Are those (that)your parents?
—Yes, they are.
3. —Who's that?(电话中)
— This (these)is Jack speaking.
4. Here are three photos (photo)of my family.
They are beautiful.
5. Those are my friends (friend). They are friendly to me.
二.单项填空
6. —Hi, Mom. Where is my ___C____?
—Oh, it is in your room.
A. schoolbags B. a schoolbag C. schoolbag
7. This ___A____ my uncle and those _______ my grandparents.
A. is;are B. are;is C. are;are D. is;is
8. —Are ____B___ your friends?
—Yes, _______are.
A. these;these B. these;they C. this;they D. those;these
9. There are three ___B____ in her family. She loves the children.
A. son B. daughters C. parents D. photo
10. Here ____D___ a photo of my family. There _______two photos of your family on the desk.
A. is;is B. are;is C. are;are D. is;are
三.句型转换
11. Is that a jacket? (改为复数句)
Are those jackets ?
12. Are these clever dogs? (做否定回答)
No , they aren’t .
13. This is my father. This is my mother.(合并一句)
These are my parents .
14. That is a family photo.(改为复数句)
Those are family photos .
15. This is a gr.(改为复数句)
These are girls .
二
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.On Father's (father)Day, I often prepare a special gift for my father.
2.May is the fifth (five) month of the year.
3.His office is on the ninth (nine)floor of the tall building.
4.September 10th is Teachers' (teacher)Day.
5.Today is my grandfather's eightieth (eighty)birthday.
五.单项填空
6.It's___D___time for me to visit the Guanyin Lake.
A.five B.the five C.fifth D.the fifth
7.They want to have a party for Linda's___B___birthday.
A.six B.sixth C.the sixth D.sixteen
8.This is my___C___day to be here.
A.a second B.the second C.second
9.—Excuse me!Is this___A___new house?
—Yes,it's______.The parents of them bought it last September.
A.Lucy and Lily's;theirs
B.Lucy's and Lily's;them
C.Lucy's and Lily's;theirs
D.Lucy and Lily's;them
10.We usually have a seven___D___holiday every National Day.
A.days B.day' C.day's D.days'
二.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.这是莉莉和露西的卧室。它整洁而且漂亮。
This is Lily and Lucy's bedroom.It's tidy and nice.
12.国庆节是在10月1日。
National Day is on October 1st .
13.—什么时候是父亲节?
—是六月的第三个周日。
—When is Father's Day ?
—On the third Sunday of June.
14.吉姆的手表和他哥哥的一样。
Jim's watch is the same as his _brother's .
15.这是我第一次来北京。
This is my first time to be in Beijing.
二.基数词学习
1 zero,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
基数词的用法
用法分析 英语中表示数目多少的词叫基数词,其主要用法如下表:
表示号码、证件号
这时“0”可读作/əʊ/或zero,两个相同的数字可读作“double+数字”。13879625507(读作one three eight seven nine six two double five zero seven)
表示编号
Unit Three第三单元
No.55 55号
表示年龄、年份
He is ten years old.他十岁。
2017(读作two thousand and seventeen)
表示时间
9:20(读作nine twenty)
10:05(读作ten five)
表示距离、金钱、数量
It's ten kilometers away.它有十千米远。
It's eight dollars.它八美元。
考点拓展 英语中的数词分基数词和序数词两类。表示事物的先后顺序的词叫序数词,如first第一,second第二,third第三,常与冠词the连用。
The second girl is my daughter.第二个女孩是我的女儿。
My daughter ____B___ years old. Today is her _______ birthday.
A. nine;nineth B. nine;ninth C. ninth;nine
三.“It is /was+形容词(+for sb.)+to do sth.”的用法
用法分析“It is/was+形容词(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.”意为“做某事(对某人而言)是…的”,sb.为宾格代词或名词。
学好英语对我来说是必要的。It is necessary for me to study English well.
难点突破 for和of的选择取决于前面的形容词。形容词是描述事物的词(如necessary,difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous等),用for sb.,如果形容词表示人的性格与品质(如kind,good,nice,clever,foolish等),用of sb.。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。
-Could I go swimming with my friend, dad?
-No, it’s very dangerous for you kids ___C___ swimming without adults.
A. go B. going C. to go D. went
二.写作精讲
饮食习惯
写作分析
本单元的写作内容是从一日三餐的饮食情况入手,谈论到健康的饮食习惯,而健康饮食是健康身体的重要保证。写此类文章可以从以下几个方面入手:
“问答方法”写三餐饮食类作文:一引出话题;二回答问题;三反问,再次提出问题。
为了写好此类文章,重点需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式:
※常用的词汇
eating habits饮食习惯
as for至于
Have...for breakfast/lunch/dinner早/午/晚餐吃……
※常用的句型句式
Do you have healthy eating habits?你有健康的饮食习惯吗?
I have...for breakfast/lunch/dinner.我吃……作为早/午/晚餐。
As for dessert,I like ice-cream.至于甜点,我喜欢冰激凌。
※常用开头结尾句
I have a healthy eating habit.我有一个健康的饮食习惯。
I am very healthy,because I eat well every day.我很健康,因为我每天都吃得好。
What do you like to eat?Can you tell me?你喜欢吃什么?你能告诉我吗?
例题精讲
假如你叫Jim,你喜欢吃健康食品,有良好的饮食习惯。请根据下面的表格提示写一篇短文,介绍一下你的饮食习惯。词数:60左右。
喜 爱
水果、蔬菜
早 餐
牛奶、鸡蛋和面包
午 餐
米饭和鸡肉
晚 餐
蔬菜、水果和米饭
思路点拨
用谚语引起话题
Diet cures more than doctors.
I have healthy eating habits.
分述三餐情况
For breakfast, I like milk, eggs and bread.
I have rice and chicken for lunch. They are good for my health.
I have vegetables, fruit and rice for dinner.
总结全文,引发思考
Do you think my eating habits are good?
How about yours?
范文赏析
Diet cures more than doctors.I have healthy eating habits.I like vegetables and fruit.I think they are healthy.For breakfast.I like milk, eggs and bread. I have rice and chicken for lunch.They are good for my health. I have vegetables,fruit and rice for dinner.
Do you think my eating habits are good?How about yours?
【经典练】
在我们的日常生活中,养成健康的饮食习惯是非常重要的。某英文网站正在开展以“健康饮食”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你的饮食习惯以及你对于健康饮食的看法。
提示词语:vegetables, meat, drink, different, junk food
提示问题:●What do you usually eat?
●How can we have a healthy eating habit?
Healthy eating is very important for teenagers.
Healthy eating is very important for teenagers. I love to eat a lot of healthy food. I like to eat vegetables and meat for lunch and dinner. To stay healthy, I drink enough water every day. I never drink cola or coffee because they are not healthy drinks. My mother often asks me to eat different kinds of fruit such as oranges and bananas. Fruit is good for our health and we should eat more. Junk food is not good for our health, so we should eat less.
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Unit2 Food and Health
话题
Food and Health
词汇
choice ,own ,meal ,cost ,would ,order ,piece ,healthily ,however ,grow ,through ,add ,smell ,taste
anything ,else,large
短语
1.packed lunch 2.too much 3.be bad for 4.make .... strong 5.every day 6.check out 7.stay healthy
8.get through
句型
1.At British schools, there are two lunch choices: a packed lunch and a school dinner.
2.A lot of parents make their children packed lunches, but I make my own.
3.Well, my lunch is very healthy, but some of my friends bring sweets and chips in theirs.
4.There are vegetables and fruit in every meal. School dinners are very healthy!
5.But remember:too much of them will be bad for our body.
6.These kinds of food make our bodies and teeth strong, so we can eat them every day.
7.These kinds of food give us what we need to help us grow big and strong.
8.They are very good for us because they help our bodies stay fit and healthy.
9.It is very important to eat lots of these kinds of food because they give us the energy we need to get through the day.
语法
1.名词 2.数词
写作
健康饮食
考点1 .choose的用法
用法分析 choose动词“选择;挑选”,其过去式为chose,过去分词为chosen。
我想给我的朋友选一件漂亮的礼物。I want to choose a nice gift for my friend.
考点拓展 choose的名词形式choice表示“选择;抉择”,是中考易考点。
固定搭配 make a choice 做选择;have no choice but to do 除了做……别无选择。
I had no choice but to wait.除了等,我没有别的选择。
-We missed the last bus. What should we do?
-I’m afraid we have no but to take a taxi.
A. decision B. reason C. choice D. chance
考点2.own的用法
用法分析 own做形容词,意为“自己的,本人的”。owner指“拥有者,所有者”。own做动词,意为“拥有”。
他有自己的房子。He has a house of his own.
谁拥有这辆车?Who owns this car?
固定搭配 on one's own独自,主动地,相当于by oneself;with one's own eyes亲眼看见;one's own某人自己的东西。
You should do the homework on your own.你该独立完成作业。
Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on his own.白求恩医生有时不得不亲自治疗伤员。
She saw it with her own eyes.她亲眼看见了这件事。
-China's first large passenger plane C919 flew successfully on May 5.
-Yes. What's more, it was built(建造)on our own in Shanghai.(同义替换)
A. with some help B. from our friends C. by ourselves
考点3.could的用法
用法分析 could是情态动词“能够”。could在此不是can的过去式,只是语气较can更委婉,注意在回答中不可用 could,用can。
—Could I look at your pictures?我能看看你的照片吗?
—Yes,of course you can.是的,你当然可以了。
—Could I have the television on?我可以开电视吗?
—Yes,you can./No,you can't.是的,可以。/不,不可以。
考点拓展could是情态动词can的过去式,表示“过去”的能力、允许和可能性。
He could speak English when he was a child.他在小的时候就会说英语。
—Could I invite my friends to the party on Saturday,Mom?
—Of course you . That sounds like fun.
A.may B.could C.must D.can
考点4.buy的用法
用法分析buy买,及物动词,后接双宾语。buy sb.sth. = buy sth. for sb.表示“给某人买某物”。
母亲给我买了很多水果。Mother bought me a lot of fruit.
=Mother bought a lot of fruit for me.
特殊考点 (1)动词有明确的服务对象,接双宾语时,间接宾语前要用for,这类词有:buy,leave,make,get,sing,provide,cook等。
(2)动词具有明显的物质或信息方面的传递,间接宾语前要加介词to,这类词有:give,bring,post,return,throw,show,allow,lend,tell,explain,teach,write,send,promise,refuse等。
He gave some books to her.他给她一些书籍。
I bought some flowers my mom ______ my best wishes on her birthday.
A. for;with B. to;for C. of;to D. from;with
考点5.serve的用法
用法分析 serve动词,意为“接待;服务;提供”。
他们不怕麻烦,想方设法为所有的旅客服务。They go out of their way to think of ways to serve all the passengers.
考点拓展 (1)serve的常见用法:
serve
serve+名词、代词
提供……
serve sb. sth.=serve sth.to sb.
把某物提供给某人招待某人某物
serve sb. with sth.
用某物招待某人
serve up
端上桌(食物等);提供;上菜
Please serve the dumplings to my friends.请用水饺招待我的朋友们。
Her mother served us with milk tea yesterday.她妈妈昨天用奶茶招待了我们。
She served up an excellent lunch.她准备了一顿丰盛的午饭。
(2)service名词,意为“接待;服务”。
It has the friendliest service.它有最友好的服务。
考点6.表示“花费”的用法
I like to spend time there on weekends. 我喜欢在那儿度过周末。
1.Spend--sb. spend(s)/spent+时间/金钱on sth./(in) doing sth.
“某人花费一些时间/金钱在某物上/在做某事上”
2.Take--It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”
3.Cost--sth. cost(s) sb. some money “某物花费某人多少钱”
4.Pay--sb. +金钱for sth. “某人为某物付款”
Sb. pay(s)/paid ab.+金钱“某人付给某人多少钱”
【图示】
It′s nice of you to spend so much time showing me around your school. 你太好了,花费这么多时间带我参观你的学校
It takes Jim about half an hour to do his homework every day.吉姆每天花费大约半小时做作业。
My sister paid 30 dollars for a pair of jeans, though she thought the price was a little high. 我姐姐为一条牛仔裤付了30美金,尽管她认为价格有些高
考点7.piece的用法
用法分析 piece名词,意为“片;块;段;首……”。piece是可数名词,主要用于表示名词的数量,用“数词+piece(s)+of+名词”形式。a piece of短语做主语,谓语用单数;pieces of短语做主语,谓语用复数。
这张纸太脏了,不能在上面写字。
This piece of paper is too dirty to write on.
露西,给我一片面包。Give me a piece of bread, Lucy.
考点拓展a cup of一杯,a glass of一玻璃杯,a bag of一包,a box of一箱,a bowl of一碗,a slice of一片,a bottle of一瓶。
特殊考点 “It is a piece of cake./A piece of cake.”它是一块蛋糕。引申意义为“小菜一碟。”
这个问题太容易了。真是小菜一碟。This problem is too easy. It’s really a piece of cake.
I’m so hungry. Please give me to eat.
A. three bread
B. three pieces of bread
C. three pieces of breads
考点8.prefer的用法
People often prefer to carve by band rather than use the machine, because the works by hand are natural.
按要求完成句子。
1.We'd prefer playing outdoors watching television.(盲填)
2.I prefer (see) a doctor as soon as possible.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
3.We would prefer you (call) me up tomorrow at 6:30.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
4.他们宁可待在家里,也不愿去看电影。(根据汉语意思完成句子)
They preferred at home rather than the movies.
They preferred at home to the movies.
考点9.bring的用法
用法分析 bring是“拿来,带来”的意思,指“向我而来”。
Please bring your ID card from your home.请把你的身份证从家里带过来。
考点辨析 bring,take,get,carry
“带”法各不同
bring
拿来,带来
词组bring...from...
指从别处把某人或某物带到说话人所在的地点
take
拿走,带走
词组take...to...
指从说话者所在地把某人或某物带走
get
拿来,去取
词组get sb sth=get sth for sb
离开说话地去取某物再回来,动作是往返的
carry
提,扛,背,抱,抬等
指随身携带、搬运,无方向性
Why don't you bring him here?你为什么不把他带这儿来?
When he leaves, he will take the book with him.他走的时候会把书带走的。
You have to get the book.你得去把那本书取回来。
The box is too heavy for me to carry.那个箱子太重了,我搬不动。
-I forget to a pen. Would you lend me one?
-Of course. Here you are.
A. bring B. get C. take D. carry
考点10.add的用法
用法分析 add指“添加,加,增加”。
She tasted her soup, and then added more seasoning.她尝了尝汤,然后又加了些调料。
考点拓展
add
add...to...
把……加
到……上,
把……加
到……中
add to
增加,增添
add up
把……加在一起
add up to
加起来共计、总共
Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加点盐。
I don’t want to add to his difficulties.我不想增加他的困难。
Add up 6,8 and 18 and you’ll get 32.把6、8和18相加,总数等于32。
The cost of two trips added up to 1,000 dollars.两次旅行的费用总计达1000美元。
-How much salt do we need to add the soup?
-One spoon. After that, we should cook it _______ another five minutes.
A. to;on B. to;for C. up;for D. up;on
考点11.sound的用法
用法分析 sound做系动词,表示“听起来(像)……;似乎……”,其后可跟形容词、名词做表语。
这个故事听起来很有趣。This story sounds interesting.
考点拓展 sound like也表示“听起来(像)……”, like是介词,后面接名词、代词或动名词。
That sounds like a good idea.那听上去是个好主意。
注意(1) Sounds good./Sounds like a good idea./That sounds good.常用于回答提建议的句子,表示赞同。
—Let' play ping-pong!咱们打乒乓球吧!
—Sounds good.听起来不错。
(2)表示感觉的连系动词:smell闻起来,feel感觉,摸起来,sound听起来,taste尝起来,其中smell,sound, taste的主语只能是物,feel的主语可以是人,也可以是物,后面都跟形容词做表语。
—Have you seen(你曾看过)the movie Titanic,Wang Wei?
—Yes.The music in it .
A.looks great B.sounds great C.feels great
考点12.anything的用法
用法分析 anything是不定代词“任何东西;任何事物”,用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。
如果把眼睛闭上,你就什么也看不见了。
If you close your eyes,you can't see anything.
考点拓展 something“某事,某物”,用于肯定句; nothing“没什么;没什么东西”,相当于not anything;everything“每件事物;最重要的东西”。以上不定代词做主语,谓语用第三人称单数。
Let me in.I have something important to tell you.让我进去。我有要事告诉你。
There is nothing in the box.盒子里什么也没有。
Everything begins to grow in spring.春天万物开始生长。
特殊考点(1)在表示请求、征询某人建议的疑问句中,希望得到对方的肯定回答用 something,不用 anything。
你想喝点什么吗?—Would you like something to drink?
好的。—Yes,please.
(2)形容词修饰不定代词 anything/something等时,形容词后置。
Did you hear anything interesting there?你在那儿听到什么有趣的事了吗?
—Did you find funny in the book?
—Yes.It talks about how to be a good kid.
A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything
考点13.含good短语的不同含义
be good for
对……有益、好处
反义词组:be bad for“对……有害”,for后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式
be good to
对……友好
相当于 be kind/friendly to
be good with
和………相处很好
相当于 get along/on well with
Eating fruit every day is good for your health.每天吃水果对你的健康有好处。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
The workers are good with their boss.这些工人和他们的老板相处得很好。
Kate is good at dancing.(同义替换)
A.do well in B.does well in C.is interested in D.is good for
考点14.healthy的用法
用法分析 healthy意为“健康的”、相当于fit,做表语或定语。healthy的反义词为 unhealthy或者weak。短语:keep healthy/fit保持健康。
你必须照顾自己,保持身体健康。You must look after yourself and keep healthy.
考点拓展(1)healthy的名词形式为health(健康),是不可数名词。be in good health身体健康。
(2)healthy的副词形式为healthily,用于修饰动词。
My grandmother is still good health.我祖母的身体还很健康.
It's good for your health.这对你的健康有好处。
注意 health(名词)健康→healthy→(形容词)健康的→healthily(副词)健康地。
Fast food like hamburgers is not food. We should have less them.
A.health B.healthy C.healthily
考点15.order的用法
用法分析 order名词或动词,意为“点菜”;order动词,意为“订购;订货”。
固定搭配 take one's order点菜;order sth. for sb.= order sb. sth.为某人订购某物;order sth.from...从……订购某物。
Could you please order lunch for me?你能为我订午餐吗?
I ordered some clothes from that shop.我从那家商店订购了一些衣服。
May I take your order, sir?先生,现在可以点菜了吗?
考点拓展 (1)order名词或动词,意为“命令;指示”。
order sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事。
You must obey my orders.你必须服从我的命令。
The policeman ordered me to park my car there.警察命令我把车停在那边。
(2)order可构成in order to 和in order that,意为“为了……,以便……”。in order that=so that,引导复合句。
I ran fast in order to catch the early bus.为了赶上早班公交车,我跑得很快。
You must speak louder in order that you can be heard by all.你必须大声说,以便于所有人都能听到。
- ?
-Yes, I'd like some beef noodles.
A. May I take your order
B. May I borrow your ruler
C. What club do you want to join
D. What size would you like
考点16.cook的用法
用法分析cook在句中做及物动词“做饭”,cook sth.for sb.为某人做……(饭)。
妈妈每天为我们做美食。My mother cooks delicious food for us every day.
考点拓展
cook
名词
炊事员,厨师
动词
烹调,煮
Mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen.妈妈在厨房做晚饭。
He works as a cook in a restaurant during the summer.这个夏天他在一家饭店当厨师。
根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
He cooks very well and he is a .
考点17.fish的用法
用法分析fish表示“鱼肉”,是不可数名词。
请随意吃些鱼。Help yourself to some fish,please.
考点拓展(1)“鱼”,可数名词。复数fish(单复数一样);fishes表示鱼的种类(复数)。
I want three fish.我想要三条鱼。
There are many kinds of fishes in the river.这条河里有许多种鱼。
(2)fish钓鱼,动词。go fishing去钓鱼。
Do you often go fishing on Sundays?星期天你经常去钓鱼吗?
考点18.grow的用法
用法分析grow做实义动词时,意为“种植”。过去式是grew 。
你们这儿种什么庄稼?What crops do you grow here?
考点拓展(1)grow做实义动词时,意为“生长;发育”。 grow up意为“长大(成人);成熟;成长”。
When I grow up,I shall be a doctor.我长大后要当个医生。
(2)grow还表示“变成;逐渐变得”,后面可接形容词或过去分词做表语。
The boy is growing thinner and thinner.这个男孩变得越来越瘦了。
小提示grow和 plant都有“种植”的意思。 plant着重指“种植”这一动作,这种动作涉及的时间较短;grow着重指种植以后的“栽培,管理”过程,涉及时间较长。
He planted an apple tree last year,but it is dead now.他去年种了一棵苹果树,但是现在这棵树死了。
He grows many kinds of flowers in his garden every year.他每年在他的花园里种很多种花。
根据汉语提示完成句子
These kinds of plants (生长)in the northern part of our country.
考点19.too many的用法
用法分析 too many表示“太多的……”,用来修饰可数名词复数。
在北京车太多了。There are too many cars in Beijing.
她包里的东西太多了。She has too many things in her bag.
考点辨析 too many,too much,much too,so many,so much
“如此多”各不同
too many太多的
修饰复数名词
too much太多的
修饰不可数名词/动词
much too太……
修饰形容词/副词
so many如此多
修饰复数名词
so much如此多
修饰不可数名词
小提示 区别时主要看短语后面的many(接复数名词);much(接不可数名词);too(接形容词/副词)。
I have too many questions to ask.我有太多的问题要问。
Today he has too much homework to do.今天他有太多的家庭作业要做。
It's much too cold today.今天天气太冷了。
Thanks for sending me so many photos.谢谢你寄给我这么多照片。
My cousin is heavy because he often eats______ fast food.
A.too much;too many B.too many;too much
C.much too;too much D.too much;much too
考点20.else的用法
用法分析 else表示“其他的;别的”,常放在疑问代词who,what,whose,不定代词 something,anything,everyone,疑问副词 where,when等后面,即else要后置。
I have nothing else to say.我没有什么别的要说了。
你还能在图片里看到别的什么吗?What else can you see in the picture?
我们下次什么时候还能见面?When else can we meet next time?
考点辨析 else,other
else
修饰不定代词或疑问词,else要后置。
other
“其他的;别的”,修饰名词,且放在名词前。
Where else are you going to stay?你们还要在什么地方停留?
What other things are there on the table?桌上还有别的什么东西吗?
特殊考点 形容词修饰不定代词,形容词要后置。enough 修饰形容词或副词,enough要后置。
-Do you have to say about this problem?
—No, I don't.
A. else anything B. anything else C. everything else
考点21.辨析through、across、over与along
It looks as if a hurricane passed through it.
词汇含义及用法示例
through作介词,常与go/walk 连用,表示“穿过;通过;经过”,指从空间内通过
across作介词,常与go/walk 连用,表示“横过;穿过”,指从物体表面通过。across from 意为“在……对面”
over作介词,表示“横过;越过”,指从物体上方经过
along作介词,表示“沿着”,通常指顺着狭长的路
用across、through或over填空。
1.The man went the city alone.
2.My father can swim the river easily.
3.Look, a plane is flying our head.
4.Jenny saw some monkeys and rabbits when she was walking the forest.
5.Look at the bird! It is flying the sea.
6.The sunshine is coming in the window.
7.They walked slowly the road, talking and laughing.
1. 语法精讲
一.名词用法
一.可数名词的单复数
基本用法
英语中,名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。不可数名词没有复数形式,可数名词在表示多个人或物时用复数形式。
可数名词的复数形式一般是在词尾添加-s或-es构成,其构成规则如下:
(1)一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s,map→maps
(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-es。
bus→buses,box→boxes,dish→dishes,watch→watches
(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i,再加-es。family→families。strawberry-strawberries
元音字母+y结尾的名词,直接在后加-s. boy-boys, toy-toys
(4)以f,fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加-es。thief→thieves。knife→knives
(5)以o结尾的名词,口诀“黑人吃土豆,英雄吃番茄”。加-es
negro-negroes; potato→potatoes;hero-heroes;tomato→tomatoes;
其余加-s,photo→photos;piano-pianos
不规则变化:少数名词不规则,男女脚牙鹅孩子+老鼠
man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese child-children mouse-mice
单复同形 :中日人民爱吃鱼鹿羊
Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese fish-fish deer-deer sheep-sheep
注意:
英语中必须记住的不可数名词:天气;面包;工作;钱;作业
weather;bread;work;money;homework
特殊用法一
(1)表示“一个”概念时,可数名词用单数形式。
She is a good girl.她是一位好女孩。
(2)“the/a/an +可数名词单数”表示一类人或物。
I like the panda.我喜欢熊猫。
(3)可数名词有单、复数之分。如:one desk一张桌子,two chairs两把椅子,many birds许多鸟等。
(4)可数名词可以直接用不定冠词a/an、数词或many,some,any,a lot of,lots of等修饰。
an apple一个苹果,three pictures三幅画,some students一些学生等。
(5)单数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;复数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
There is a pen on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔。
There are some students in the classroom.教室里有一些学生。
(6)在特殊疑问句中,用how many修饰可数名词。
How many students are there in your class? 你们班上有多少学生?
特殊用法二
1.有些名词既可做可数名词,也可做不可数名词,但它们表达的意义不同,见下表
可数名词
不可数名词
chicken(小鸡)
chicken(鸡肉)
fish(鱼)
fish(鱼肉)
glass(眼镜)
glass(玻璃)
orange(橘子)
orange(橘汁)
2.修饰可数名词及不可数名词的词汇
修饰可数名词的词汇
many,a few,few
修饰不可数名词的词汇
much,a little,little
既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词的词汇
some,a lot of,any,lots of
二.名词所有格
(一)“'s”所有格
“'s”所有格主要用于表示有生命事物的名词所有关系:
1.在一般的单数名词后加“'s”。
my father's car我父亲的汽车
2.以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾只加“'”,不以-s结尾的复数名词在词尾加“'s”。
Teachers' Day教师节
Women's Day妇女节
3.表示共同的所有关系时,仅在最后一词末尾加“'s”,表示各自的所有关系时,各词末均须加“'s”。
Tom and Tim's mother汤姆和蒂姆的妈妈
Tom's and Tim's rooms汤姆的房间和蒂姆的房间
4.表示“店铺(理发店,面包房等),诊所或某人家”的名词所有格,一般省略所修饰的名词。
She is now at the doctor's她现在在诊所。
—Where are you going?你要去哪里?
—To Tom's.去汤姆家。
5.有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命事物的名词,也可以加“'s”构成所有格。
today' s newspaper今天的报纸
five minutes' walk步行五分钟的路程
(二)of所有格
1.of所有格多用于表示无生命事物的名词所有关系。
a map of China一幅中国地图
2.of所有格也可以用于表示人或其他有生命事物的名词所有关系。
The name of the cat is Mimi.这只猫的名字是咪咪。
The life of the people is becoming better and better.人民的生活正变得越来越好。
3.“'s”所有格和of所有格有时候可以互相转换。地名、交通工具名以及与人的活动有关的无生命名词可用of所有格,也可用“'s”所有格。
the girl's new dress=the new dress of the girl这个女孩儿的新连衣裙
(三)双重所有格
双重所有格是指既含有“'s”所有格,又含有of所有格的结构。双重所有格可用来表示整体中的一部分,也可以用来表达特殊的情感。
an old friend of my father's我爸爸的一位老朋友(表示我爸爸众多朋友中的“一个”)
the lovely son of my sister's我姐姐的可爱的儿子(表达情感)
【巩固练习】
一
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. These are my (brother).They are in No.11 Middle School.
2. —Are (that)your parents?
—Yes, they are.
3. —Who's that?(电话中)
— (these)is Jack speaking.
4. Here are three (photo)of my family.
They are beautiful.
5. Those are my (friend). They are friendly to me.
二.单项填空
6. —Hi, Mom. Where is my ?
—Oh, it is in your room.
A. schoolbags B. a schoolbag C. schoolbag
7. This my uncle and those _______ my grandparents.
A. is;are B. are;is C. are;are D. is;is
8. —Are your friends?
—Yes, _______are.
A. these;these B. these;they C. this;they D. those;these
9. There are three in her family. She loves the children.
A. son B. daughters C. parents D. photo
10. Here a photo of my family. There _______two photos of your family on the desk.
A. is;is B. are;is C. are;are D. is;are
三.句型转换
11. Is that a jacket? (改为复数句)
Are ?
12. Are these clever dogs? (做否定回答)
.
13. This is my father. This is my mother.(合并一句)
.
14. That is a family photo.(改为复数句)
.
15. This is a gr.(改为复数句)
.
二
一.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.On (father)Day, I often prepare a special gift for my father.
2.May is the (five) month of the year.
3.His office is on the (nine)floor of the tall building.
4.September 10th is (teacher)Day.
5.Today is my grandfather's (eighty)birthday.
五.单项填空
6.It's time for me to visit the Guanyin Lake.
A.five B.the five C.fifth D.the fifth
7.They want to have a party for Linda's birthday.
A.six B.sixth C.the sixth D.sixteen
8.This is my day to be here.
A.a second B.the second C.second
9.—Excuse me!Is this new house?
—Yes,it's______.The parents of them bought it last September.
A.Lucy and Lily's;theirs
B.Lucy's and Lily's;them
C.Lucy's and Lily's;theirs
D.Lucy and Lily's;them
10.We usually have a seven holiday every National Day.
A.days B.day' C.day's D.days'
二.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.这是莉莉和露西的卧室。它整洁而且漂亮。
This is bedroom.It's tidy and nice.
12.国庆节是在10月1日。
National Day is on .
13.—什么时候是父亲节?
—是六月的第三个周日。
—When is ?
— Sunday of June.
14.吉姆的手表和他哥哥的一样。
Jim's watch is the same as .
15.这是我第一次来北京。
This is to be in Beijing.
二.基数词学习
1 zero,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
基数词的用法
用法分析 英语中表示数目多少的词叫基数词,其主要用法如下表:
表示号码、证件号
这时“0”可读作/əʊ/或zero,两个相同的数字可读作“double+数字”。13879625507(读作one three eight seven nine six two double five zero seven)
表示编号
Unit Three第三单元
No.55 55号
表示年龄、年份
He is ten years old.他十岁。
2017(读作two thousand and seventeen)
表示时间
9:20(读作nine twenty)
10:05(读作ten five)
表示距离、金钱、数量
It's ten kilometers away.它有十千米远。
It's eight dollars.它八美元。
考点拓展 英语中的数词分基数词和序数词两类。表示事物的先后顺序的词叫序数词,如first第一,second第二,third第三,常与冠词the连用。
The second girl is my daughter.第二个女孩是我的女儿。
My daughter years old. Today is her _______ birthday.
A. nine;nineth B. nine;ninth C. ninth;nine
三.“It is /was+形容词(+for sb.)+to do sth.”的用法
用法分析“It is/was+形容词(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.”意为“做某事(对某人而言)是…的”,sb.为宾格代词或名词。
学好英语对我来说是必要的。It is necessary for me to study English well.
难点突破 for和of的选择取决于前面的形容词。形容词是描述事物的词(如necessary,difficult,easy,hard,important,dangerous等),用for sb.,如果形容词表示人的性格与品质(如kind,good,nice,clever,foolish等),用of sb.。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very kind of you to help me.你能帮我真好。
-Could I go swimming with my friend, dad?
-No, it’s very dangerous for you kids swimming without adults.
A. go B. going C. to go D. went
二.写作精讲
饮食习惯
写作分析
本单元的写作内容是从一日三餐的饮食情况入手,谈论到健康的饮食习惯,而健康饮食是健康身体的重要保证。写此类文章可以从以下几个方面入手:
“问答方法”写三餐饮食类作文:一引出话题;二回答问题;三反问,再次提出问题。
为了写好此类文章,重点需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式:
※常用的词汇
eating habits饮食习惯
as for至于
Have...for breakfast/lunch/dinner早/午/晚餐吃……
※常用的句型句式
Do you have healthy eating habits?你有健康的饮食习惯吗?
I have...for breakfast/lunch/dinner.我吃……作为早/午/晚餐。
As for dessert,I like ice-cream.至于甜点,我喜欢冰激凌。
※常用开头结尾句
I have a healthy eating habit.我有一个健康的饮食习惯。
I am very healthy,because I eat well every day.我很健康,因为我每天都吃得好。
What do you like to eat?Can you tell me?你喜欢吃什么?你能告诉我吗?
例题精讲
假如你叫Jim,你喜欢吃健康食品,有良好的饮食习惯。请根据下面的表格提示写一篇短文,介绍一下你的饮食习惯。词数:60左右。
喜 爱
水果、蔬菜
早 餐
牛奶、鸡蛋和面包
午 餐
米饭和鸡肉
晚 餐
蔬菜、水果和米饭
思路点拨
用谚语引起话题
Diet cures more than doctors.
I have healthy eating habits.
分述三餐情况
For breakfast, I like milk, eggs and bread.
I have rice and chicken for lunch. They are good for my health.
I have vegetables, fruit and rice for dinner.
总结全文,引发思考
Do you think my eating habits are good?
How about yours?
【经典练】
在我们的日常生活中,养成健康的饮食习惯是非常重要的。某英文网站正在开展以“健康饮食”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你的饮食习惯以及你对于健康饮食的看法。
提示词语:vegetables, meat, drink, different, junk food
提示问题:●What do you usually eat?
●How can we have a healthy eating habit?
Healthy eating is very important for teenagers.
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