Unit 7 知识点总结 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语下册

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world? 词汇拓展 1. deep adj. 深的，纵深的——deeply adj. 深深地—depth n. 深度 2. amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的——amazed adj. 感到惊奇的 3. protect v. 保护，防护——protection n. 保护,保卫 4. achieve v. 完成，达到成功——achievement n. 成就，成绩。 5. include v.包括，包含——including prep.包括 6. nature n. 自然界，大自然 ——natural adj. 自然界的 7. tour v. 旅行旅游——tourist n. 旅行者，观光者 tour guide 导游 8. freeze v. 使结冻，使冻僵——freezing adj. 极冷的，冰冻的 9. weigh v. 重量是… , 称…. 的重量——weight n. 重量 lose weight 减肥 10. keep v. 保存, 保管——keeper n. 饲养员，保管人 11. wake v. 叫醒，醒来——awake adj. 醒着的（反 asleep） 12. excite v. 使激动，使兴奋—excited adj.(人)感到兴奋的--- exciting adj.（物）令人兴奋的 ——excitement n. 激动兴奋 in excitement 激动地，兴奋地 13. ill adj. 有病的——illness n. 疾病 14.wide adj. 宽阔的——widely adv. 宽阔地——width n. 深度 短语归纳 Section A 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. the population of（China） …的人口 2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一 3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事 4. as far as I know 据我所知 as you can see 正如你所看见的,… 5. mountain climbing/ climbing mountains 登山运动 6.live up to 活到…… 7.higher than any other mountain 比其他任何一座山高 9. run along 绵延，横亘… … 10. another 200 or so 还有大约200左右 22. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 11.one of the world’s most dangerous sports 最危险的运动之一 12.one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之一 13.risk their lives 冒着他们的生命危险 14. challenge oneself 挑战自我 15. in the face of difficulties 面临困难 16. take in air 呼吸空气 17. the first people to do sth.第一个做某事的人 18. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想 = make one’s dream come true 19. the forces of nature 自然界的力量 20. reach the top 到达顶峰 21. even though 虽然;尽管 Section B 23. stand on two legs 两腿站立 24. up to 达到（某种数量或程度） 25. prepare… for 为…做准备 26. or so (=about/aroud) 大约 27. research center 研究中心 do some research (on) 做研究 28. at birth 出生时 (用作时间状语) give birth ( to sb/ sth) 生孩子；产仔 29. be awake 醒着 30. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去 31 walk into sb. 撞到某人 32.die from…… 死于…… 33. fall over 被…绊倒 34. take care of 照顾;照料 35. every two years 每两年 36. cut down the forests 砍伐林木 37. endangered wild animals 濒危野生动物 38. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少 39. be in danger 处于危险之中 be out of danger 脱离危险 40.wild animals野生动物 41. sea life海洋生物 42. water pollution 水污染 43.only live for a short time because of illnesses由于疾病仅活很短的时间 44. make more homes for the pandas为大熊猫建造更多的家园 45.stop putting rubbish into the sea停止往大海里丢垃圾 46.protect … from…保护…免于…的伤害 e.g. protect children from catching a cold. 保护孩子免于感冒 47 .in the remaining forests在剩下的森林里 48. the importance of saving these animals 拯救这些动物的重要性 重点句子 1. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰时是世界上最高的山峰。 2. China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US. 中国在世界上拥有最多的人口。它比美国的人口多很多。 3. --Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗? --Yes, I did. It’s much older than my country. 它比我的国家古老得多。 4. Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour. 随便问我一些关于今天的长城之旅的问题吧。 5. As you can see ,it's quite tall and wide. 正如你所看到的，它很高，而且很宽。 6.As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，没有其他的人造物品和这个一样大了。 7. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. 更严重的困难包括寒冷的天气条件和暴雨。 8. It’s also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 当你接近顶部的时候，呼吸非常困难。 9. One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 其中的主要原因是，人们想在困难面前挑战自己。 10. The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们表明，我们绝不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。 11. What's the highest mountain in the world? 世界上最高的山是什么？ 12. Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? 哪个是世界上最深的咸水湖 ？ The Caspian sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. 里海是所有咸水湖中最深的。 13. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. 这头大象比这只熊猫重许多倍。 14. A panda can live up to 20 to 30 years. 一只熊猫能活20到30年。 15. Panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas breakfast . 熊猫饲养员们正在给熊猫宝宝准备牛奶作为早餐。 16. Pandas have become so popular that they are now a symbol of China. 熊猫变得如此受欢迎，以至于现在成了中国的象征。 17. The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long. 那些幼崽经常死于疾病，活不了太长时间。 18. Many years ago, there were a lot more bamboo forests and pandas in China, but then humans started to cut down these forests. 许多年前,中国有更多的竹林和熊猫，但是后来人类开始砍伐这些竹林。 19. As the forests get smaller and other human activities cause more problems, pandas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies. 由于森林逐渐减小以及其它人类活动造成更多的问题, 大熊猫找不到足够的吃的, 它们将产更少的大熊猫宝宝. 20. They send people to schools and to tell children about the importance of saving these animals. 他们派人到学校。告诉孩子们拯救动物的重要性。 21. Scientists are doing research to better understand the habits of pandas. 科学家们正在研究，以便更好的了解熊猫的生活习性。 22. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas. 我们都希望将来有更多的熊猫。 单元语法专项 1. 比较级的用法： ...比较级+than... 比...更... Our house is smaller than yours, but I think the garden is bigger. The+比较级..., the+比较级... 越...，就越... The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙，就越开心。 比较级+and+比较级 越来越..... It’s getting warmer and warmer. 天气正变得越来越暖和。 Who/ Which...比较级，A or B? 谁/哪一个更...，A还是B? Who is taller, Lisa or her sister? 注意：如果比较级要借助more来构成，则“越来越....”要用“more and more+原级”结构。 例：Our city is becoming more and more beautiful. 修饰比较级的词：a lot ,much, a little, even, a bit 等 2. 最高级的用法： ...最高级... +in/of短语 . ..中最...的... She is the most beautiful girl in her class. one of the+最高级+可数名词复数形式 最...的....之一 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world. Who/ Which...最高级，A，B or C? 谁/哪一个最...，A，B还是C? Which do you like best, tea, coffee or juice? the +序数词+adj.最高级 +n.(单数) 第几… Li Ming is the second tallest student in the class. 注意：形容词最高级前要加the， 副词最高级前的the 可以省略 3. 表示事物的长、宽、高、深等时，主要有两种表达方式： 结构1：“基数词 + 单位名词（meter; kilometer ,foot; kilogram）+ 形容词（long,wide,tall, deep等）”。如果数词超过1，单位名词要用复数形式。 Yao Ming is over 2 meters tall. The river is 50 meters wide. 这条河50米宽。 结构2：长、宽、高、深还可用复合形容词表示，“数字+ 量词（单位）+形容词（long/ wide/ tall/ deep等）” . 各个词间用连字符连接，常作前置定语修饰名词。 Lin Hao is a 1.91-meter-tall basketball player. 4. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.(1b) “any other +可数名词的单数” 表示任何其他的，指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他任何人或物，通常用于比较级，多用于同一范围内相比较。 Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class. (any other + 可数名词单数） =Lucy is more careful than the other students in her class. (the other + 名词复数） = Lucy is the most careful student in her class. 5. population 人口；人口数量，用“large”或“small”表示人口的“多”或“少” India has a large population. 印度人口众多。 ◆用“What...?”或“How large...”询问某国、某地有多少人口。 What is the population of Canada? 加拿大有多少人口? ◆当population作主语表示全部时，谓语动词用单数形式，表示部分时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The population of the city is increasing faster and faster. 6. “one of + the +adj.最高级 +n 复数” ， 做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 One of the most popular colors is red in China. one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之一 //one of the main reasons 一个主要的原因 7. time n 倍数，倍数，时间 倍数表达法：1. A比B长（宽、高、大、重）..倍：A +be+数词+ times +形容词比较级+ than+B This room is three times bigger than ours. 2. A正是B的多少倍 ： A+be +倍数+ as + 形容词/副词原级 +as +B The room is twice as big as ours. 8. The baby often die from illness and do not live very long.熊猫幼崽常死于疾病，并且活不久。 die v. →（延续性动词）be dead 死,死亡→ death n. 死,死亡→dead adj. 死的→ dying adj. 将死的 1 Lucy’s dog ____________(die) yesterday. Its_________ made her sad. ②His grandpa ____________(die) for five years . ③He ________ for two years. We are still sad about his _______. ④The doctor saved a dying boy yesterday. 【拓展】 ●常用短语 ⑴ die from + 外因 “死于……”，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。 die from a traffic accident 死于交通事故 die from an earthquake 死于地震 （2） die of + 内因 主要指疾病、衰老、情感等自身原因 die of hunger/an illness 饿/病死 His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992. ⑶ die out“（家族、物种等）灭绝；绝迹 9.关于down 的短语 look down 向下看 cut down 砍伐 turn down关小；调低 lie down 躺下 pull down 拆毁 write down 写下 break down 出故障 put down 放下；写下 10. include v. 包括 Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. including 介词，“包括....在内” Ten members were present at the meeting, including me. 10个成员出席了会议，包括我在内。 11. protect “保护” protect ... from/against ... 保护......使不受......，防御 He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight. 他戴着太阳眼镜以遮挡强烈的阳光。 protection 不可数名词“保护，防御”；under the protection of “在......的保护下” The chicks are under the protection of the hen 小鸡们处在母鸡的保护下。 12. prepare…for… 为……准备…… 1). prepare sth.表示"准备......"，后接名词或代词作宾语。 Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. 2). prepare to do sth.表示"准备做......"。They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain. 3). prepare for sth.表示"为......做准备"。The students are busy preparing for the final exam. $$