基础语法之名词、数词 2课件-2025届高三英语一轮复习

　　考查名词，需判断： 1.名词是否可数以及考虑空前的修饰词 2. 空处与空后名词是否为所属关系 3.是否需要词性转换 课前复习 1' 高考英语复习 　 基础词法之名词、数词 2 2 学习目标1' 1.了解高考英语名词、数词考点 2.掌握名词的数和格变化及数词的变化 3 问题导学5’ Think: 名词后缀有哪些？ 4 　　动词/形容词可加后缀变为名词，名词也可加后缀变为另一个名词。常见的名词后缀如下： 词形转换　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 点拨运用22’ 词形转换　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 1. [2023新高考Ⅱ，56]Since June 2017， right before the ⁠(arrive) of the two new pandas， Meng Meng and Jiao Qing， I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English. 2. [2023浙江1月，57]The term ＂hutong＂， (original) meaning ＂water well＂ in Mongolian， appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 3. [2023浙江1月，61]The hutongs they formed were orderly， lined by ⁠(space) homes and walled gardens. arrival　 originally　 spacious　 高考以词形转换的形式来考查名词最为常见，做题时要注意分析空处在句中所作成分。常考形式有＂a/an＋adj.＋n.＂＂the ＋n.＋ of＂等 【同步训练】 一、其他→名词 (一)动词→名词 1. [2022浙江，58]John Olson， a former (photograph)， and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. 2. [2022浙江1月，64]When the answer was no， she declined the ⁠(invite). 3. [2021新高考Ⅱ，64]A company ⁠(represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1，200 daily flights. photographer　 invitation　 representative　 　词形转换　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4. [2020全国Ⅱ，61]Chinese New Year is a ⁠(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 5. [全国Ⅰ，66]In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements， leading to a ⁠(believe) that populations are increasing. 6. [全国Ⅲ，66]When they were free from work， they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete) to watch， together with the story behind it. 7. [浙江高考，64]Other American studies showed no ⁠(connect) between uniforms and school performance. 8. [浙江高考，64]Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ⁠ (weigh) problems. celebration　 belief　 competition　 connection(s)　 weight　 (二)形容词→名词 9. [2022浙江，64]＂I can actually feel what you see when you look at it，＂ he said. For Luc， this means ⁠(independent). 10. [2020新高考Ⅰ，64]At the Jorvik Centre in York，the city’s Viking settlement is recreated，and people experience the sights，sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ⁠(accurate) is important but so is entertainment. 11. [2020全国Ⅲ，64]Filled with (curious)， the artist packed his bags and left. independence　 accuracy　 curiosity　 (三)名词→名词 12. [全国Ⅲ，66]My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a ⁠(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. scientist　 14. [2023 全国乙，69]The (remark) development of this city， which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world， means there is always something new to discover here， and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 15. [2023全国甲，67] (difference) from traditional fables， Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 16. [2022全国甲，66]Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ⁠(meaning). remarkable　 Different　 meaningful　 二、其他→形容词/副词 (一)名词/动词→形容词 13. [2023新高考Ⅱ，57]Since June 2017...I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ⁠(confidence) speaking English. confident　 17. [2022浙江，60 & 61]Blind people recognize shapes with their ⁠(exist) senses， in a way similar to that of (sight) people， says Ella Striem-Amit， a Harvard scientist. 18. [2021全国乙，61]Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become (educate) about the areas — both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics... 19. [2021全国乙，68]Provide ⁠(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. existing　 sighted　 educated　 financial　 20. [2021新高考Ⅰ，60]Strange， isn’t it？ But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ⁠(astonish). 21. [2021新高考Ⅱ，61]I told him how ⁠(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. 22. [2021新高考Ⅱ，62]I was so ⁠(excite) when he wrote back to me. 23. [2020新高考Ⅰ，56]In the 18th and 19th centuries， ⁠(wealth) people travelled and collected plants，historical objects and worksofart. 24. [2020新高考Ⅱ，57]At the same time， computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop ⁠(education) computer programs for children in preschool. astonished　 harmful　 excited　 wealthy　 educational　 25. [2020全国Ⅱ，69]The ⁠(beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 26. [全国Ⅱ，70]We are so proud of her. It’s ⁠(wonder). 27. [浙江高考，65]School uniforms are (tradition) in Britain， but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 28. [全国Ⅰ，69]Running is cheap， easy and it’s always ⁠(energy). 29. [全国Ⅱ，67]According to the World Bank， China accounts for about 30 percent of total ⁠(globe) fertilizer consumption. beautiful　 wonderful　 traditional　 energetic　 global　 　数词 表达＂在某人几十多岁＂时 用＂in one’s＋整十基数词的复数(十除外)＂ 表达＂在几十年代＂时 用＂in the＋整十基数词的复数＂ hundred，thousand与million等 前有数词或several时 不能用复数形式，且其后不加of 表示不确切的数目时 应用hundreds/thousands/millions of＋复数名词 Bill Clinton was the US president in the ⁠(ninety). nineties　 一、基数词 　　高考考查数词很少。使用序数词时，空前一般有定冠词the；还要注意固定用法 中的数词，如in his thirties，thousands of等。 二、序数词 一般由基数词加-th构成 sixth， seventh， tenth， eleventh， hundredth等 以-ty结尾的基数词，先把- y变为-i，再加-eth twentieth， thirtieth等 不规则变形 first， second， third， fifth， eighth， ninth， twelfth 等 1. 基数词变序数词的规律 2. 序数词的基本用法 　　序数词前一般要加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词等限定词。序数词前也可加不 定冠词，表示＂又一，再一＂。 [2021新高考Ⅱ，56]In the (seven) grade， I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. seventh　 1. Guan Yu，general of the second and the (three) century AD，was an iconic figure in Chinese history，well-known for his bravery and loyalty. 2. The book is very interesting； I want to read it a ⁠(two) time. 3. There I met a gentleman by the name of Kurien in his late ⁠(eighty). 4. It is reported that the floods have left ⁠(thousand) of people homeless. third　 second　 eighties　 thousands　 【同步训练】 5. [2024湖北四地9月联考]I was really nervous about English class this year because I was an eleventh grader taking a ⁠(twelve) grade class. 注意twelve的序数词要变-ve为-f，再加-th，类似的还有five→fifth。 twelfth　 6. [2024四川眉山10月考试]China has a large number of Chinese (dish)， a wide range of flavors， and complex cooking methods， which are ⁠(two) to none in the world. second to none为固定搭配，表示＂首屈一指，无人能比＂。 dishes　 second　 6. [2024湖南郴州一模]The Nanimomo Cafe chain has expanded (rapid) since May 2022 and now has quite a few ⁠(branch) in operation. 7.. [2024广东深圳10月月考]The UN Chinese Language Day is observed (annual) on April 20， celebrating the language’s ⁠(contribute) to the world and encouraging more people to learn it. rapidly　 branches　 annually　 contribution　 18. [2024山东名校9月联考] ⁠(eventual) I was successfully admitted following several demanding rounds of ⁠(profession) tests. 19. The film has raised the audiences’ ⁠(aware) and enhanced their love and ⁠(believe) in Chinese culture. 20. Diet has become a way of life and a fashion that promotes ⁠(consume) and drives the ⁠(develop) of the country’s catering industry. Eventually　 professional　 awareness　 belief　 consumption　 development　 课堂小结1' 1. [2024江苏南京六校联考]AI has been used to ⁠(automatic) identify and analyze the tracks of snow leopards from 100，000 photos taken every three months in national parks， increasing the ⁠(accurate) of identification to 98 percent and strengthening the ⁠(efficient) of protection measures. 2. [2024四川成都七中校考]The essence of family ⁠(connect) is children feeling that they’re accepted and nurtured at home， which allows them to learn what their (strong) and weaknesses are in a ⁠(relative)safe environment. automatically　 accuracy　 efficiency　 connection　 strengths　 relatively　 当堂检测15’ 单句语法填空 3. [2024重庆一中开学考]Crows have long been observed for their various amazing displays of (intelligent). They are one of the ⁠(smart) groups of animals on earth， with (remark) problem-solving， toolmaking， and deductive reasoning(演绎推理) skills. 4. [2024福建厦门阶段练]Offering aid to other countries shows that we are global citizens (interest) in world ⁠(stable) and that we are ready to build a community with a ⁠(share) future for mankind. 5. Visitors do not need to line up for tickets because ⁠(advance) technologies such as face ⁠(recognize) and other smart platforms have been adopted. intelligence　 smartest　 remarkable　 interested　 stability　 shared　 advanced　 recognition　 6. By combining (common) used colors such as pink green， brownish yellow， sapphire and eggplant purple with black， the originally completely different colors become ⁠(harmony). 7. (surprising)， the ⁠(compete) has attracted more than 3，000 (participate) from around the globe and nearly 5，000 short video entries since the first edition. 8. It seems that people who always stay up are much ⁠(likely) to get sick than those who have a healthy lifestyle， but we will have a ⁠(far) discussion before we draw a final conclusion. commonly　 harmonious　 Surprisingly　 competition　 participants　 more likely　 further　 9. These oracle bone inscriptions(甲骨文)， the ⁠(early) form of Chinese (character) ever found to this day， are a clear ⁠(prove) that the history of the Chinese writing system stretches back about 3，500 years. 10. They took ⁠(nine) place in the competition by their paper-cut that they had made on their own with ⁠(knife). earliest　 characters　 proof　 ninth　 knives　 二、语篇语法填空 　　[2024广东茂名10月考试]The Analects of Confucius is a fine example of world literature， and the publication of the Maltese version of the ancient Chinese book will further enhance cultural exchanges between China and Malta， says Salvatore Giuffre， Maltese sinologist and  　1　(translate) of the book. It is the  　2　(one) time that the book has been translated into Maltese. 1. ⁠ [解析]　名词。空前的 sinologist和该空是作者Salvatore Giuffre的两个身份：汉学家 和译者，所以应填translate的名词形式。故填translator。 2. ⁠ [解析]　数词。句意： 这是这本书第一次被翻译成马耳他语。该句为固定句型：it is the first time that sb./sth. has done sth. 故填first。 translator　 first　 Giuffre spent around two years making the book accessible  　3　 Maltese readers. ＂I tried to keep my Maltese version as understandable as possible to enable a  　4　(large) circle of readers to benefit from it，＂ Giuffre says. The Maltese version is complete with an introduction to the life of Confucius， the era he  　5　(live) in， his teachings and the key concepts， terms， names and figures mentioned in the book. 3. ⁠ [解析]　介词。句意：Giuffre花了大约两年的时间让这本书与马耳他读者见面。 sth. be accessible to sb. 意为＂某物为某人可使用的/可得到的＂。故填to。 to　 4. ⁠ [解析]　形容词比较级。句意： Giuffre说： ＂我试图让我的马耳他语版本尽可能容 易理解，以便让更多的读者从中受益。＂ 根据句意可知，空处应用形容词的比较级 作定语修饰名词，a larger circle of表示＂更大范围的＂。故填larger。 5. ⁠ [解析]　时态。句意： 马耳他语版本包括对孔子的生平、他所生活的时代、他的学 说以及书中提到的关键概念、术语、名字和人物的介绍。 larger　 lived　 8. ⁠ The idea of translating the book came about  　6　 China’s Shandong Friendship Publishing House invited Malta’s SKS Publishers to attend a seminar(研讨会) on Confucius in 2017 in Shandong Province. The event featured  　7　(vary) publications of the book in different languages， and SKS Publishers wanted to enrich the  　8　(collect) with a Maltese version. 6. ⁠ [解析]　时间状语从句。句意： 2017年， 中国山东友谊出版社邀请马耳他SKS出版 社参加在山东省举行的孔子研讨会，翻译该书的想法由此产生。根据句意可知，空 后的＂China’s Shandong Friendship Publishing House invited Malta’s SKS Publishers to attend a seminar(研讨会) on Confucius in 2017 in Shandong Province＂是想法产生的时 间，所以用从属连词when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 7. ⁠ [解析]　形容词。句意：该活动以不同语种的各种《论语》出版物为特色，SKS出 版社希望用马耳他语版本丰富该系列。空处作定语修饰名词publications，所以用 vary的形容词形式。故填various。 when　 various　 [解析]　名词。空处被冠词the限定，且空后无名词作enrich的宾语，所以空处应填名词。故填collection。 collection　 SKS asked Giuffre to translate the book. Giuffre is fluent in Chinese， has visited China several times and worked as the Maltese director of Confucius Institute at the University of Malta. The publication was  　9　(partial) financed by the Malta Book Fund， an initiative  　10　(launch) by the National Book Council and the China Cultural Centre in Malta. 　　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了汉学家Salvatore Giuffre将《论语》翻译为马耳 他语，加强了中国和马耳他之间的文化交流。 二 9. ⁠ [解析]　副词。句意：这本书的出版得到了马耳他图书基金的部分资助，该基金是 由马耳他国家图书委员会和马耳他中国文化中心发起的。空处作状语修饰动词 financed，所以用partial的副词形式。故填partially。 partially　 10. ⁠ [解析]　非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词initiative， launch与其逻辑主语initiative之间是被动关系，所以应用过去分词，表示被动。故填 launched。 launched　 Thanks！ $$