精品解析：北京市西城区2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末英语试题

北京市西城区2024—2025学年度第一学期期末试卷 八年级英语 注意事项 1.本试卷共12页，共十道大题，59道小题。其中第一大题至第八大题为必做题，满分90分。第九和第十道大题为选做题，满分10分，计入总分，但卷面总分不超过90分。考试时间100分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和学号。 3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束，请将考试材料一并交回。 听力理解（共20分） 一、听下面四段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。（共12分，每小题1.5分） 听对话，回答以下各小题。 1. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny. 2. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Read books at home. B. Plant trees in the garden. C. Take pictures in the park. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 3. What is the population of the man’s hometown? A. About 3,000. B. About 4,000. C. About 5,000. 4. In the man’s opinion, what is the best way to travel to his hometown? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car 听对话，回答以下各小题。 5. What do the dogs do for people in hospital? A. Help them feel better. B. Carry things for them. C. Protect them from danger 6. What does the woman think of the dogs? A. Friendly and clever. B. Popular and brave. C. Cool and fast. 听独白，回答以下各小题。 7. What can we learn about the family fun run? A. The family fun run starts at 8:30 next Friday morning. B. The 500-meter race is for children aged ten and under. C. Family members should wear T-shirts of the same color. 8. Why does the speaker give the speech? A. To raise money for the family fun run. B. To invite people to join the family fun run. C. To introduce a training program for running. 二、听独白，记录关键信息。本段独白你将听两遍。（共8分，每小题2分） 根据所听到的独白内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写上。 知识运用（共20分） 三、单项填空（共10分，每小题1分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Peter loves sports and ________ often plays football with us. A. you B. he C. they D. we 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：彼得喜欢运动，他经常和我们踢足球。 考查代词辨析。you你；he他；they他们；we我们。此处指代Peter，用代词he指代。故选B。 2. I usually go to school ________ bus, but today I took a taxi. A. in B. on C. with D. by 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我通常坐公共汽车上学，但今天我坐出租车去的。 考查介词辨析。in在……里；on在……上；with用；by乘。根据“bus”可知，此处应用介词by，by bus“乘公共汽车”。故选D。 3. —________ does the journey take from Beijing to Shanghai? —About five hours. A. How long B. How often C. How many D. How much 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——从北京到上海的旅程需要多长时间？——大约五小时。 考查特殊疑问词。How long多久，用来询问时间长度；How often多久一次，询问频率，How many多少，询问可数名词的数量，How much多少（钱），询问价格或不可数名词的数量。答语“About five hours”表示时间长度，应用how long提问。故选A。 4. Sandy, you ________ play with knives. It’s too dangerous. A. may B. can C. mustn’t D. needn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：Sandy，你不能玩刀子。那太危险了。 考查情态动词的用法。may可以；can能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要。根据“It’s too dangerous.”可知，玩刀子是非常危险的，所以我们禁止这样做，故选C。 5. The population of Beijing is ________ than that of Tianjin. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：北京的人口比天津的人口多。 考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，应使用形容词比较级形式，large比较级是larger。故选B。 6. —What’s your dad doing? —He ________ a meeting online. A. is having B. has C. was having D. had 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你爸爸在做什么？——他正在网上开会。 考查时态。根据“What’s your dad doing?”可知，对话是在询问当前父亲正在进行的活动，因此用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作，选项A“is having”符合句意。故选A。 7. Of all the students in my class Tom writes ________. A. careful B. carefully C. more carefully D. the most carefully 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在我们班的所有学生中，汤姆写得最认真。 考查副词和副词最高级的用法。careful认真的，形容词；carefully认真地，副词；more carefully更认真，比较级；the most carefully最认真地，最高级。根据“writes”可知，此处要用副词修饰动词，结合“Of all the students in our class”可知，此处要用副词的最高级。故选D。 8. The teacher walked around and offered help while we ________. A. will paint B. were painting C. paint D. are painting 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：老师在我们画画的时候走来走去，提供帮助。 考查时态。此句是while引导的时间状语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时强调过去正在进行的动作。故选B。 9. Tim ________ hard every afternoon after school to improve his baseball skills. A. to train B. training C. trains D. train 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：蒂姆每天下午放学后都努力训练，以提高他的棒球技能。 考查动词时态。根据“Tim ... hard every afternoon after school”可知，描述的是Tim每天下午放学后的习惯性动作，应使用一般现在时态，且主语Tim为第三人称单数，因此动词需用第三人称单数形式trains。故选C。 10. It’s polite ________ a gift with both hands and say thank you in China. A. to accept B. accept C. accepts D. accepted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：在中国，用双手接受礼物并说谢谢是有礼貌的。 考查非谓语动词。It’s+形容词+to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是……的”，这里表示“用双手接受礼物并说谢谢是有礼貌的”，空处用动词不定式作主语。故选A。 四、完形填空（共10分，每小题1分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 The Garden Luisa was pleased when her mother married Samuel Flores. Samuel was very nice and always took the time to ____11____ if someone wanted to talk. All in all, it was good to have him in the family. There was, however, one ____12____. Samuel had a daughter, Isabel, and Isabel was perfect. She had already finished college, gotten a good job and married a restaurant manager. They had just bought a perfect little house. Samuel was ____13____ of Isabel and showed his admiration (欣赏) too often. When Luisa got a B on her written work, he said, “Isabel was always such a good ____14____, getting A’s on all her writing tasks!” When Luisa played a piece of music, he said, “Isabel played the piano so well when she was your age.” Luisa couldn’t take it anymore! She shouted, “You’re always ____15____ me to Isabel. It really hurts!” Samuel was surprised at first but then said sorry. “I promise to try not to do that anymore. Okay?” he said. Samuel was true to his word. He hardly ever mentioned Isabel when Luisa did something well. When he did, he caught himself and quickly stopped. Luisa felt better at first, but soon she felt bad to find herself making the same kinds of comparisons in her own mind! Whatever she did, she ____16____ that Isabel could do better. She was still living in the shadow (阴影) of the great Isabel. One Saturday, the family got together at Isabel’s house. Everything was ____17____—the food was delicious, the kitchen was clean and tidy, and the house was beautifully decorated (装饰). “Can we see the ____18____ ?” asked Luisa, who loved gardens and wished she had one. Isabel’s face turned red. “Well,” she said, “The garden is far from nice. We are just not good at growing plants.” Luisa smiled. “Maybe I can help you.” “You should see Luisa’s lovely mini garden,” said Samuel. “She has a real ____19____ for growing things.” Luisa began spending more time working in Isabel’s garden. As it was getting more and more lovely, her friendship with Isabel also ____20____. Soon they were as close as real sisters. Luisa was truly happy in her new family. 11. A. work B. listen C. smile D. relax 12. A. problem B. risk C. accident D. choice 13. A. afraid B. tired C. proud D. sure 14. A. classmate B. friend C. manager D. writer 15. A. comparing B. showing C. introducing D. describing 16. A. reported B. hoped C. forgot D. imagined 17. A. crowded B. perfect C. natural D. fresh 18. A. garden B. bathroom C. study D. library 19. A. reason B. gift C. wish D. excuse 20. A. fell B. returned C. grew D. broke 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了路易莎通过自己的擅长——打理花园，而摆脱了和伊莎贝尔比较的阴影。 【11题详解】 句意：塞缪尔人很好，如果有人想聊天，他总是会抽出时间倾听。 work工作；listen听；smile微笑；relax放松。根据“if someone wanted to talk”可知此处指塞缪尔会抽出时间倾听，故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：然而，有一个问题。 problem问题；risk风险；accident事故；choice选择。根据后文“Samuel had a daughter, Isabel, and Isabel was perfect. She had already finished…It really hurts”可知塞缪尔总是拿伊莎贝尔和路易莎进行比较，所以此处指有一个问题，故选A。 【13题详解】 句意：塞缪尔以伊莎贝尔为骄傲。 afraid害怕；tired疲惫的；proud骄傲的；sure当然。根据“showed his admiration (欣赏) too often.”可知塞缪尔以伊莎贝尔而骄傲，be proud of以……骄傲，故选C。 14题详解】 句意：伊莎贝尔总是那么好的一个作者。 classmate同班同学；friend朋友；manager经理；writer作家。根据“getting A’s on all her writing tasks”可知伊莎贝尔是一个好作者，故选D。 【15题详解】 句意：你总是把我和伊莎贝尔进行比较。 comparing比较；showing展示；introducing介绍；describing描述。根据“Isabel played the piano so well when she was your age”可知此处指塞缪尔总是把路易莎和伊莎贝尔进行比较，故选A。 【16题详解】 句意：无论她做什么，她都想象伊莎贝尔可能做得更好。 reported报告；hoped希望；forgot忘记；imagined想象。根据“but soon she felt bad to find herself making the same kinds of comparisons in her own mind!”可知她想象伊莎贝尔可能做得更好，故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：一切都是完美的。 crowed拥挤的；perfect完美的；natural自然的；fresh新鲜的。根据“the food was delicious, the kitchen was clean and tidy, and the house was beautifully decorated”可知一切都是完美的，故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：我们能看看花园吗？ garden花园；bathroom盥洗室；study书房；library图书馆。根据“who loved gardens and wished she had one”可知，此处参观指花园，故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：她有种东西的天赋。 reason理由；gift礼物，天赋；wish愿望；excuse理由。根据“You should see Luisa’s lovely mini garden”可知此处塞缪尔在夸赞路易莎有种植的天赋，故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：随着它变得越来越可爱，她和伊莎贝尔的友谊也加深了。 fell落下；returned返回；grew种植，增加；broke弄碎。根据“Soon they were as close as real sisters. Luisa was truly happy in her new family”可知此处指她们之间加深了友谊，故选C。 阅读理解（共32分） 五、阅读理解（共22分，每小题2分） （一）阅读下列中国传统文化体验活动，请根据人物喜好匹配最适合的活动，并将所对应的选项（A、B、C、D）填在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。 A ___21___ I enjoy lively music and dancing with others. ___22___ I enjoy art, and I’m interested in Chinese handwriting. ___23___ I love being outdoors and making traditional things. A. Shufa, or Chinese calligraphy, is the art of creating beautiful handwriting with a special pen or brush. While practicing it, you can learn about Chinese characters (汉字) and improve your patience (耐心). B. The Lion Dance is a lively show with dancers moving to the beat of the music. You can wear special clothes, learn the dance steps, and team up with others. Come and enjoy this fun activity! C. Making dumplings is an important Chinese tradition. During this activity, you will learn to make dumplings in different shapes (形状) and understand the cultural meanings behind those shapes. It’s great for students who love cooking and hands-on work. D. Kite flying is a popular Chinese outdoor activity with a long history. You can learn to make traditional Chinese kites and then fly them. It’s a good choice for students who want to connect with nature and enjoy freedom. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是三个人的爱好和一些相对应的活动。 【21题详解】 根据“I enjoy lively music and dancing with others.”可知，James喜欢喜欢活泼的音乐和与他人一起跳舞。选项B“舞狮表演是一场热闹的表演，舞者们随着音乐的节拍舞动。你可以穿着特殊的衣服，学习舞步，并与他人组队。快来享受这个有趣的活动吧！”与之对应。故选B。 【22题详解】 根据“I enjoy art, and I’m interested in Chinese handwriting.”可知，Anna喜欢艺术，对中国的书法很感兴趣。选项A“书法，或中国书法，是用特殊的钢笔或毛笔创作精美笔迹的艺术。在练习过程中，你可以学习汉字并提高你的耐心。”与之对应。故选A。 【23题详解】 根据“I love being outdoors and making traditional things.”可知，Sophie喜欢在户外活动和制作传统的东西。选项D“放风筝是中国一项历史悠久的流行户外活动。你可以学习制作中国传统风筝，然后放飞它们。对于想要与大自然联系并享受自由的学生来说，这是一个不错的选择。”与之对应。故选D。 （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B My family had just moved from Manchester to Cambridge, and I missed my best friend, Marcus. Back home, we played basketball and did homework together. Before I left, we promised to get good grades and go to Cambridge University together. But going to Cambridge with my best friend was years away, and now, after three weeks at a new middle school, I still sat alone during lunch. One day, I saw a boy named Reggie playing basketball with his friends. Reggie was the coolest guy, making jokes and always the center of attention. As I watched them play, the ball flew towards me. I caught it and took a quick shot (投篮). Reggie noticed and said, “Nice shot! Want to join us?” “Sure,” I said, and joined their game. For the first time, I felt happy—I was finally making friends. Then the bell rang. As I started to leave, Reggie threw the ball back to me. “Forget class! Let’s finish the game,” he said. I didn’t want to miss class, and I also didn’t want to lose my chance to be part of the group. “Come on it’s just one class. We’ve seen you sitting alone at lunch. Now, we’re your group,” Reggie said with a smile. Skipping (逃课) once wouldn’t hurt, right? I bounced (拍) the ball and kept playing, but then I heard Marcus’s voice in my head: “Would a Cambridge student skip classes?” The voice got louder and louder. Finally, I dropped the ball. “I’ve got to go,” I told Reggie. I knew that skipping once could lead to skipping more, and I didn’t want to start the year that way. It just didn’t feel right. When I got to class, Miss Smith told me I was late and paired me with a new student named James. We worked together and found out we had a lot in common He played basketball, worked hard in school, and wanted to go to Cambridge, too. After school, James and I played basketball and studied together. I realized that while I didn’t have Marcus or Reggie, James could be the start of my new group. Maybe things at this new school were going to be OK after all. 24. During the first three weeks at the new school, the writer ________. A. didn’t make any new friends B. was afraid to talk to his teachers C. couldn’t keep up with schoolwork D. was nervous about joining new clubs 25. The writer and his friend Marcus promised to ________. A. help each other with study B. play basketball on weekends C. go to the same university D. have lunch together once a week 26. What did the writer finally do after Reggie suggested skipping class? A. He talked with his best friend. B. He asked the teacher for advice. C. He asked Reggie to have class with him. D. He stopped playing and went back to class. 27. What does the story mainly want to tell us? A. We should be brave to make the right choice. B. Breaking rules can cause serious problems. C. Being friendly to others is very important. D. It’s very difficult to fit into a new school. 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者在新学校中面临选择，最终决定坚持自己的原则，放弃逃课的诱惑，并在这个过程中找到了新朋友和可能的新团队。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“now, after three weeks at a new middle school, I still sat alone during lunch”可知，在新学校的前三周，作者没有交到新朋友。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Before I left, we promised to get good grades and go to Cambridge University together.”可知，作者和朋友Marcus承诺一起去同一所大学。故选C。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“‘I’ve got to go,’ I told Reggie...Finally, I dropped the ball.”可知，作者在Reggie建议逃课后，停止了打球并回到了课堂。故选D。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者在新学校中面临选择，最终决定坚持自己的原则，放弃逃课的诱惑，并在这个过程中找到了新朋友和可能的新团队，故事主要告诉我们：应该勇敢地做出正确的选择。故选A。 C Life has its ups and downs and people sometimes feel anxious (焦虑的). If the feelings of anxiety become too strong, they can make you unwell. Usually, we might see a doctor or take some medicine to feel better. But it would be helpful to have something to use at home that does not involve (涉及) medicine. So, we made a robotic cushion (抱枕) to help manage anxiety. Our team was made up of scientists from several fields. We built a few different robotic cushions, and each one offered a different calming experience, like the feeling of breathing (呼吸), a heartbeat, and one of them even had colorful lights inside. We asked people to try them out and tell us which they liked the best. Most people liked the cushion that felt like it was breathing. So, we decided to work more on that one. For our final cushion, we made it bigger so it was easier to hug. We made a robotic part that could push air in and out of a balloon inside the cushion, to control (控制) the “breathing”. We did this because slow breathing helps people feel calmer. Now, we wanted to see if our cushion really could help with anxiety, so we did a test. The test had to do three things: make people feel anxious, check their anxiety levels, and compare the effect (效果) of the cushion to something else. We made people feel anxious by having them do some difficult math problems in front of others. Afterwards, we asked them to score their anxiety levels from one to ten. To see how well the cushion worked, we put people into three groups. Group A used the breathing cushion, Group B tried meditating (冥想), and Group C just sat quietly without anything to help with their anxiety. After 10 minutes, we asked them to score their anxiety levels again. We found that people who hugged the breathing cushion had much less anxiety than those who just sat quietly. And we saw that meditation also helped people reduce their anxiety. Meditation can be difficult because it needs attention and practice, but hugging a cushion is easy! And, you could hug the cushion while doing other things. By doing more research like this, we can find ways to help people who need different ways to feel better. What do you think? Would you like to have a breathing cushion to hug when you’re worried? 28. The scientists made the robotic cushion to ________. A. help people call for doctors B. make the home pretty C. help people feel less worried D. tell people when to take medicine 29. What is the final cushion like? A. It uses air to make the sound of a heartbeat. B. It has a robotic part to make it “breathe”. C. It comes in all shapes and sizes. D. It has colorful lights inside. 30. What do we know about the test from Paragraphs 5 and 6? A. People in different groups liked different kinds of cushions. B. The researchers had people use the cushion during a meditation. C. The result showed the cushion helped people solve math problems. D. The test compared the effects of hugging the cushion and sitting quietly 31. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To show how to use a robotic cushion. B. To introduce a product that helps with anxiety. C. To warn people about the dangers of being worried D. To compare ways of helping people feel less anxious. 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了研究人员制作机器人抱枕来缓解焦虑的过程及测试结果，发现呼吸抱枕能有效减轻焦虑，且使用方便，可为需要不同方式缓解焦虑的人提供帮助。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“So, we made a robotic cushion (抱枕) to help manage anxiety.”可知科学家制作了一个机器人抱枕来帮助管理焦虑。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“We made a robotic part that could push air in and out of a balloon inside the cushion, to control (控制) the ‘breathing’”可知它有一个机器人部件，可以将空气推入和推出垫子内的气球，以控制“呼吸”。故选B。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据“We found that people who hugged the breathing cushion had much less anxiety than those who just sat quietly”可知发现拥抱呼吸抱枕的人比那些只是静静地坐着的人焦虑得少，可见该测试比较了拥抱垫子和安静坐着的效果。故选D。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。本文介绍了研究人员制作机器人抱枕来缓解焦虑的过程及测试结果，发现呼吸抱枕能有效减轻焦虑，且使用方便，可为需要不同方式缓解焦虑的人提供帮助，所以文章是介绍了一种有助于缓解焦虑的产品。故选B。 六、阅读表达（共10分，1—3每题2分，4题4分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Over the holidays, lots of people will travel to different parts of the world with friends and family. A popular holiday activity is snorkeling with sea life in the ocean. Snorkeling is the sport or activity of swimming underwater with a snorkel. The snorkel helps people breathe when they are looking down, so that they can better enjoy the sea life. Perfect places for snorkeling with sea life are warm seas with clear water and almost no waves. For people who love sea life, snorkeling is a good chance to see amazing animals in their habitat (栖息地). Seeing these animals up close is a great way to call on people to care for and protect sea life and the environment (环境). Also, snorkeling offers people jobs. As snorkeling becomes more popular, more tour guides and boat drivers will be needed. However, some people are against the idea of snorkeling with sea life. Even though animals are free to leave when people swim near them, visiting them could affect (影响) animals’ behavior (行为) and population numbers. According to a study, snorkeling tours can cause dolphin pods (海豚群) to leave their usual feeding areas. Also, people may get hurt when getting close to sea life. After all, wildlife in the sea is just that-wild. What’s more, snorkeling with sea life may bring problems to the sea environment. For example, when getting too close to sea life, people may damage coral reefs (破坏珊瑚礁). They are important for the sea environment, because they offer food and habitat for sea life. Also, the boats that are used to take people to see sea life are likely to pollute the water. So, is it OK to snorkel with sea life? It really depends on who you ask. 32. What is snorkeling? ___________________________________________ 33. What places are perfect for snorkeling with sea life? ___________________________________________ 34. Why are coral reefs important for the sea environment? ___________________________________________ 35. Would you like to go snorkeling with sea life? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons.) ___________________________________________ 【答案】32. Snorkeling is the sport or activity of swimming underwater with a snorkel. 33. Perfect places for snorkeling with sea life are warm seas with clear water and almost no waves. 34. They are important for the sea environment, because they offer food and habitat for sea life. 35. No, I wouldn’t. Because I’m afraid of water and I think the sport is dangerous. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要围绕人们与野生动物一起游泳这一热门话题展开讨论。 【32题详解】 根据“Snorkeling is the sport or activity of swimming underwater with a snorkel.”可知，浮潜是一种使用通气管在水下游泳的活动。故填Snorkeling is the sport or activity of swimming underwater with a snorkel. 【33题详解】 根据“Perfect places for snorkeling with sea life are warm seas with clear water and almost no waves.”可知，适合浮潜的地方是温暖的海域，水质清澈，几乎没有波浪。故填Perfect places for snorkeling with sea life are warm seas with clear water and almost no waves. 【34题详解】 根据“They are important for the sea environment, because they offer food and habitat for sea life.”可知，珊瑚礁对海洋环境的的重要性在于给海洋生物提供了食物和栖息地。故填They are important for the sea environment, because they offer food and habitat for sea life. 【35题详解】 开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：No, I wouldn’t. Because I’m afraid of water and I think the sport is dangerous. 书面表达（共18分） 七、根据中文意思和英文提示词语写出句子。（共8分，每小题2分） 36. 我的家乡以悠久的历史而闻名。(famous) ___________________________________________ 【答案】My hometown is famous for its long history. 【解析】 【详解】我的家乡：my hometown；以……而闻名：be famous for；悠久的历史：long history。此句陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语“my hometown”是第三人称单数，be动词应用is，且句首首字母要大写。故填My hometown is famous for its long history. 37. 我计划在这个寒假读两本书。(winter holiday) ___________________________________________ 【答案】I plan to/am going to read two books during the winter holiday. 【解析】 【详解】我：I；计划做某事：plan to do/be going to do，主语为“I”，所以填plan to do/am going to do；在这个寒假：during this winter holiday，时间状语，位于句尾；读两本书：read two books。故填I plan to/am going to read two books during the winter holiday. 38. 不要和你的朋友并排骑车。(side by side) ___________________________________________ 【答案】Don’t ride side by side with your friends. 【解析】 【详解】并排骑车：ride side by side；和你的朋友：with your friends。此句是否定祈使句，应用句型“don’t do sth.”，表示“不要做某事”，且句首首字母要大写，故填Don’t ride side by side with your friends. 39. 为了保护熊猫，我们建立了许多自然公园。(protect, nature parks) ___________________________________________ 【答案】To protect pandas, we set up many nature parks. 【解析】 【详解】protect pandas“保护熊猫”，此处为目的状语，所以填动词不定式；we“我们”；set up“建立”，句子时态是一般过去时，填动词过去式set；many nature parks“许多自然公园”。故填To protect pandas, we set up many nature parks. 八、文段表达（10分） 40. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于40词的文段写作。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Tony计划来北京旅游，发来邮件向你咨询。请你用英文写一封回信，向他推荐来北京旅游的最佳时间、旅游景点及推荐理由，并就其它方面（如穿衣、出行方式等）给出一些建议。 提示词语：autumn, the Great Wall, beautiful, enjoy, underground 提示问题： • When is the best time to visit Beijing? • What places can he visit, and why? • What else would you like to tell him? Dear Tony, I’m glad to receive your email. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Hi, Tony, I’m glad to receive your E-mail. I think the best time to visit Beijing is in September. This is because the weather is perfect, and the leaves start turning gold and then brown. In my opinion, it’s the most beautiful season in Beijing. Of course, you can’t miss the famous places like the Great Wall and the Palace Museum, but there’s more! You should also visit Lao She Teahouse. There, you can drink tea and try some delicious Beijing snacks. You can also enjoy Beijing Opera, traditional music, and magic shows at the Teahouse. It’s such a fun and cultural experience. By the way, the best way to get around in Beijing is by underground. It’s fast, cheap, and goes almost everywhere. Plus, it can help you avoid heavy traffic on the roads. I hope this helps! Have a great trip! Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为一封电子邮件； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：邮件开头与结尾均已给出，注意内容的衔接；写作中适当使用连接词，使行文连贯、顺畅。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍来北京旅游的最佳时间及理由； 第二步，陈述你的建议，如参观地点、乘坐交通工具等； 第三步，书写结语并表达祝愿。 [亮点词汇] ①In my opinion在我看来 ②start doing sth.开始做某事 ③by underground乘地铁 [高分句型] ① I think the best time to visit Beijing is in September. (宾语从句) 选做题（共10分） 九、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。（共4分，每小题1分） 41. Nothing is ________ (enjoyable) than playing with my cat. 【答案】more enjoyable 【解析】 【详解】句意：没有什么比和我的猫一起玩更令人愉快的了。根据“is”可知，此处填形容词作表语；根据“than”可知，此处填形容词比较级，形容词enjoyable的比较级形式为more enjoyable。故填more enjoyable。 42. Journey to the West is one of the greatest ________ (novel) in China. 【答案】novels 【解析】 【详解】句意：《西游记》是中国最伟大的小说之一。one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数表示“最……之一”，novel“小说”，可数名词，此处使用复数形式。故填novels。 43. I was reading when I ________ (hear) a knock on the door. 【答案】heard 【解析】 【详解】句意：我正在阅读时，听到了敲门声。根据“I was reading”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，主句是过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。故填heard。 44. When you give a speech, you need to speak ________ (clear). 【答案】clearly 【解析】 【详解】句意：当你演讲时，你需要讲清楚。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词speak，因此用clear副词形式。故填clearly。 十、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共6分，每小题2分） We usually think we can read others better than they read us. Here’s a made-up example: Your cousin Amy is wearing all black. Your sister Jane says that she’d look good in light colors. On your way back home, you say to Jane, “You say those things about Amy because of your competitiveness (好胜心). You think Amy is prettier than you, so you pick on her.” Jane snaps back, “You’re the one who worries about your looks! And you’re always worried about what Amy thinks.” You think, “I don’t worry about my looks. Well maybe a little, but I already knew that. Jane just can’t see how competitive she is!” It’s possible you are more insightful (有洞察力的) than your sister. But first, you need to know about an everyday human mistake—people are likely to think they have more insight than others, though it’s not true all of the time. The feeling that others have less insight than us is part of a tendency (倾向) to think that other people are wrong when they disagree with us. We think we’re “realistic” and they are “biased (偏见的)” Maybe Jane and Amy had a phone conversation before your visit. They might have talked about clothes. Jane might have all kinds of reasons for her words that have nothing to do with competition. In a study of this problem among college roommates, researchers found, not surprisingly, that students tended to think they had more insight into their roommates and also more self-insight. Why might this be? We experience ourselves from the inside but when we judge(评判) others, we just pay attention to their actions. Let’s say you’re late for a meeting. You know you’ve just heard a piece of bad news and needed time to calm down. But when others arrive late, you tend to think that they don’t follow the rules, and they are self-centered. You never think about the reasons behind their actions. You don’t think it could be situational. How can you use the information? Be cautious about judging others and thinking you can read them. You might not know enough about the situation or the reasons for their actions. When other people try to read you, and think they’re more insightful, you don’t need to listen to them. Just let it go. After all, you know a lot about your own situation. 45. What can we learn from the example in Paragraph 2? A. People usually think they are good at reading others. B. It’s not right for people to be highly competitive. C. People should point out the mistakes of others. D. Dressing in light colors makes people prettier. 46. What does the word “cautious” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A. Confident. B. Certain. C. Comfortable. D. Careful. 47. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. How Important Is It to Think for Others? B. How Can We Clear up a Misunderstanding? C. Are You More Insightful Than Other People? D. Are You Good at Making Quick Judgments? 【答案】45. A 46. D 47. C 【解析】 【导语】本文通过举例及研究告诉我们一个道理——人们往往认为自己能更准确地解读他人的想法，但实际上可能并非如此。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据“We usually think we can read others better than they read us...Here’s a made-up example”可知，第二段的例子是为了佐证第一段的观点，因此，从第二段的例子中，我们可以了解到人们通常认为他们善于读懂别人。故选A。 【46题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Be cautious about judging others and thinking you can read them. You might not know enough about the situation or the reasons for their actions.”可知，你可能不太了解当时的情况或他们行为的原因，因此对别人的评价要谨慎小心，所以画线词意为“小心”，与“careful”同义。故选D。 【47题详解】 最佳标题题。根据“When other people try to read you, and think they’re more insightful, you don’t need to listen to them. Just let it go. After all, you know a lot about your own situation.”以及全文可知，本文主要通过一个虚构的例子和一个相关研究来探讨人们是否比他人更有洞察力。因此C项“你比别人更有洞察力吗？”适合作标题。故选C。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京市西城区2024—2025学年度第一学期期末试卷 八年级英语 注意事项 1.本试卷共12页，共十道大题，59道小题。其中第一大题至第八大题为必做题，满分90分。第九和第十道大题为选做题，满分10分，计入总分，但卷面总分不超过90分。考试时间100分钟。 2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和学号。 3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5.考试结束，请将考试材料一并交回。 听力理解（共20分） 一、听下面四段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。（共12分，每小题1.5分） 听对话，回答以下各小题。 1. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny. 2. What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Read books at home. B. Plant trees in the garden. C. Take pictures in the park. 听对话，回答以下各小题。 3. What is the population of the man’s hometown? A. About 3,000. B. About 4,000. C. About 5,000. 4. In the man’s opinion, what is the best way to travel to his hometown? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By car 听对话，回答以下各小题。 5. What do the dogs do for people in hospital? A. Help them feel better. B. Carry things for them. C. Protect them from danger 6. What does the woman think of the dogs? A. Friendly and clever. B. Popular and brave. C. Cool and fast. 听独白，回答以下各小题。 7. What can we learn about the family fun run? A. The family fun run starts at 8:30 next Friday morning. B. The 500-meter race is for children aged ten and under. C. Family members should wear T-shirts of the same color. 8. Why does the speaker give the speech? A. To raise money for the family fun run. B. To invite people to join the family fun run. C. To introduce a training program for running. 二、听独白，记录关键信息。本段独白你将听两遍。（共8分，每小题2分） 根据所听到的独白内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写上。 知识运用（共20分） 三、单项填空（共10分，每小题1分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Peter loves sports and ________ often plays football with us. A. you B. he C. they D. we 2. I usually go to school ________ bus, but today I took a taxi. A. in B. on C. with D. by 3. —________ does the journey take from Beijing to Shanghai? —About five hours. A. How long B. How often C. How many D. How much 4. Sandy, you ________ play with knives. It’s too dangerous. A. may B. can C. mustn’t D. needn’t 5. The population of Beijing is ________ than that of Tianjin. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 6. —What’s your dad doing? —He ________ a meeting online. A. is having B. has C. was having D. had 7. Of all the students in my class, Tom writes ________. A. careful B. carefully C. more carefully D. the most carefully 8. The teacher walked around and offered help while we ________. A. will paint B. were painting C. paint D. are painting 9. Tim ________ hard every afternoon after school to improve his baseball skills. A. to train B. training C. trains D. train 10. It’s polite ________ a gift with both hands and say thank you in China. A. to accept B. accept C. accepts D. accepted 四、完形填空（共10分，每小题1分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 The Garden Luisa was pleased when her mother married Samuel Flores. Samuel was very nice and always took the time to ____11____ if someone wanted to talk. All in all, it was good to have him in the family. There was, however, one ____12____. Samuel had a daughter, Isabel, and Isabel was perfect. She had already finished college, gotten a good job and married a restaurant manager. They had just bought a perfect little house. Samuel was ____13____ of Isabel and showed his admiration (欣赏) too often. When Luisa got a B on her written work, he said, “Isabel was always such a good ____14____, getting A’s on all her writing tasks!” When Luisa played a piece of music, he said, “Isabel played the piano so well when she was your age.” Luisa couldn’t take it anymore! She shouted, “You’re always ____15____ me to Isabel. It really hurts!” Samuel was surprised at first but then said sorry. “I promise to try not to do that anymore. Okay?” he said. Samuel was true to his word. He hardly ever mentioned Isabel when Luisa did something well. When he did, he caught himself and quickly stopped. Luisa felt better at first, but soon she felt bad to find herself making the same kinds of comparisons in her own mind! Whatever she did, she ____16____ that Isabel could do better. She was still living in the shadow (阴影) of the great Isabel. One Saturday, the family got together at Isabel’s house. Everything was ____17____—the food was delicious, the kitchen was clean and tidy, and the house was beautifully decorated (装饰). “Can we see the ____18____ ?” asked Luisa, who loved gardens and wished she had one. Isabel’s face turned red. “Well,” she said, “The garden is far from nice. We are just not good at growing plants.” Luisa smiled. “Maybe I can help you.” “You should see Luisa’s lovely mini garden,” said Samuel. “She has a real ____19____ for growing things.” Luisa began spending more time working in Isabel’s garden. As it was getting more and more lovely, her friendship with Isabel also ____20____. Soon they were as close as real sisters. Luisa was truly happy in her new family. 11 A. work B. listen C. smile D. relax 12. A. problem B. risk C. accident D. choice 13. A. afraid B. tired C. proud D. sure 14. A. classmate B. friend C. manager D. writer 15 A. comparing B. showing C. introducing D. describing 16. A. reported B. hoped C. forgot D. imagined 17. A. crowded B. perfect C. natural D. fresh 18. A. garden B. bathroom C. study D. library 19. A. reason B. gift C. wish D. excuse 20. A. fell B. returned C. grew D. broke 阅读理解（共32分） 五、阅读理解（共22分，每小题2分） （一）阅读下列中国传统文化体验活动，请根据人物喜好匹配最适合的活动，并将所对应的选项（A、B、C、D）填在相应位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。 A ___21___ I enjoy lively music and dancing with others. ___22___ I enjoy art, and I’m interested in Chinese handwriting. ___23___ I love being outdoors and making traditional things. A. Shufa, or Chinese calligraphy, is the art of creating beautiful handwriting with a special pen or brush. While practicing it, you can learn about Chinese characters (汉字) and improve your patience (耐心). B. The Lion Dance is a lively show with dancers moving to the beat of the music. You can wear special clothes, learn the dance steps, and team up with others. Come and enjoy this fun activity! C. Making dumplings is an important Chinese tradition. During this activity, you will learn to make dumplings in different shapes (形状) and understand the cultural meanings behind those shapes. It’s great for students who love cooking and hands-on work. D. Kite flying is a popular Chinese outdoor activity with a long history. You can learn to make traditional Chinese kites and then fly them. It’s a good choice for students who want to connect with nature and enjoy freedom. （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 B My family had just moved from Manchester to Cambridge, and I missed my best friend, Marcus. Back home, we played basketball and did homework together. Before I left, we promised to get good grades and go to Cambridge University together. But going to Cambridge with my best friend was years away, and now, after three weeks at a new middle school, I still sat alone during lunch. One day, I saw a boy named Reggie playing basketball with his friends. Reggie was the coolest guy, making jokes and always the center of attention. As I watched them play, the ball flew towards me. I caught it and took a quick shot (投篮). Reggie noticed and said, “Nice shot! Want to join us?” “Sure,” I said, and joined their game. For the first time, I felt happy—I was finally making friends. Then the bell rang. As I started to leave, Reggie threw the ball back to me. “Forget class! Let’s finish the game,” he said. I didn’t want to miss class, and I also didn’t want to lose my chance to be part of the group. “Come on, it’s just one class. We’ve seen you sitting alone at lunch. Now, we’re your group,” Reggie said with a smile. Skipping (逃课) once wouldn’t hurt, right? I bounced (拍) the ball and kept playing, but then I heard Marcus’s voice in my head: “Would a Cambridge student skip classes?” The voice got louder and louder. Finally, I dropped the ball. “I’ve got to go,” I told Reggie. I knew that skipping once could lead to skipping more, and I didn’t want to start the year that way. It just didn’t feel right. When I got to class, Miss Smith told me I was late and paired me with a new student named James. We worked together and found out we had a lot in common He played basketball, worked hard in school, and wanted to go to Cambridge, too. After school, James and I played basketball and studied together. I realized that while I didn’t have Marcus or Reggie, James could be the start of my new group. Maybe things at this new school were going to be OK after all. 24. During the first three weeks at the new school, the writer ________. A. didn’t make any new friends B. was afraid to talk to his teachers C. couldn’t keep up with schoolwork D. was nervous about joining new clubs 25. The writer and his friend Marcus promised to ________. A. help each other with study B. play basketball on weekends C. go to the same university D. have lunch together once a week 26. What did the writer finally do after Reggie suggested skipping class? A. He talked with his best friend. B. He asked the teacher for advice. C. He asked Reggie to have class with him. D. He stopped playing and went back to class. 27. What does the story mainly want to tell us? A. We should be brave to make the right choice. B. Breaking rules can cause serious problems. C. Being friendly to others is very important. D. It’s very difficult to fit into a new school. C Life has its ups and downs and people sometimes feel anxious (焦虑的). If the feelings of anxiety become too strong, they can make you unwell. Usually, we might see a doctor or take some medicine to feel better. But it would be helpful to have something to use at home that does not involve (涉及) medicine. So, we made a robotic cushion (抱枕) to help manage anxiety. Our team was made up of scientists from several fields. We built a few different robotic cushions, and each one offered a different calming experience, like the feeling of breathing (呼吸), a heartbeat, and one of them even had colorful lights inside. We asked people to try them out and tell us which they liked the best. Most people liked the cushion that felt like it was breathing. So, we decided to work more on that one. For our final cushion, we made it bigger so it was easier to hug. We made a robotic part that could push air in and out of a balloon inside the cushion, to control (控制) the “breathing”. We did this because slow breathing helps people feel calmer. Now, we wanted to see if our cushion really could help with anxiety, so we did a test. The test had to do three things: make people feel anxious, check their anxiety levels, and compare the effect (效果) of the cushion to something else. We made people feel anxious by having them do some difficult math problems in front of others. Afterwards, we asked them to score their anxiety levels from one to ten. To see how well the cushion worked, we put people into three groups. Group A used the breathing cushion, Group B tried meditating (冥想), and Group C just sat quietly without anything to help with their anxiety. After 10 minutes, we asked them to score their anxiety levels again. We found that people who hugged the breathing cushion had much less anxiety than those who just sat quietly. And we saw that meditation also helped people reduce their anxiety. Meditation can be difficult because it needs attention and practice, but hugging a cushion is easy! And, you could hug the cushion while doing other things. By doing more research like this, we can find ways to help people who need different ways to feel better. What do you think? Would you like to have a breathing cushion to hug when you’re worried? 28. The scientists made the robotic cushion to ________. A. help people call for doctors B. make the home pretty C. help people feel less worried D. tell people when to take medicine 29. What is the final cushion like? A. It uses air to make the sound of a heartbeat. B. It has a robotic part to make it “breathe”. C. It comes in all shapes and sizes. D. It has colorful lights inside. 30. What do we know about the test from Paragraphs 5 and 6? A. People in different groups liked different kinds of cushions. B. The researchers had people use the cushion during a meditation. C. The result showed the cushion helped people solve math problems. D. The test compared the effects of hugging the cushion and sitting quietly 31. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To show how to use a robotic cushion. B. To introduce a product that helps with anxiety. C. To warn people about the dangers of being worried D. To compare ways of helping people feel less anxious. 六、阅读表达（共10分，1—3每题2分，4题4分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Over the holidays, lots of people will travel to different parts of the world with friends and family. A popular holiday activity is snorkeling with sea life in the ocean. Snorkeling is the sport or activity of swimming underwater with a snorkel. The snorkel helps people breathe when they are looking down, so that they can better enjoy the sea life. Perfect places for snorkeling with sea life are warm seas with clear water and almost no waves. For people who love sea life, snorkeling is a good chance to see amazing animals in their habitat (栖息地). Seeing these animals up close is a great way to call on people to care for and protect sea life and the environment (环境). Also, snorkeling offers people jobs. As snorkeling becomes more popular, more tour guides and boat drivers will be needed. However, some people are against the idea of snorkeling with sea life. Even though animals are free to leave when people swim near them, visiting them could affect (影响) animals’ behavior (行为) and population numbers. According to a study, snorkeling tours can cause dolphin pods (海豚群) to leave their usual feeding areas. Also, people may get hurt when getting close to sea life. After all, wildlife in the sea is just that-wild. What’s more, snorkeling with sea life may bring problems to the sea environment. For example, when getting too close to sea life, people may damage coral reefs (破坏珊瑚礁). They are important for the sea environment, because they offer food and habitat for sea life. Also, the boats that are used to take people to see sea life are likely to pollute the water. So, is it OK to snorkel with sea life? It really depends on who you ask. 32. What is snorkeling? ___________________________________________ 33. What places are perfect for snorkeling with sea life? ___________________________________________ 34. Why are coral reefs important for the sea environment? ___________________________________________ 35 Would you like to go snorkeling with sea life? Why or why not? (Please give two reasons.) ___________________________________________ 书面表达（共18分） 七、根据中文意思和英文提示词语写出句子。（共8分，每小题2分） 36. 我的家乡以悠久的历史而闻名。(famous) ___________________________________________ 37. 我计划在这个寒假读两本书。(winter holiday) ___________________________________________ 38. 不要和你的朋友并排骑车。(side by side) ___________________________________________ 39. 为了保护熊猫，我们建立了许多自然公园。(protect, nature parks) ___________________________________________ 八、文段表达（10分） 40. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于40词的文段写作。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Tony计划来北京旅游，发来邮件向你咨询。请你用英文写一封回信，向他推荐来北京旅游的最佳时间、旅游景点及推荐理由，并就其它方面（如穿衣、出行方式等）给出一些建议。 提示词语：autumn, the Great Wall, beautiful, enjoy, underground 提示问题： • When is the best time to visit Beijing? • What places can he visit, and why? • What else would you like to tell him? Dear Tony, I’m glad to receive your email. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 选做题（共10分） 九、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。（共4分，每小题1分） 41. Nothing is ________ (enjoyable) than playing with my cat. 42. Journey to the West is one of the greatest ________ (novel) in China. 43. I was reading when I ________ (hear) a knock on the door. 44. When you give a speech, you need to speak ________ (clear). 十、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共6分，每小题2分） We usually think we can read others better than they read us. Here’s a made-up example: Your cousin Amy is wearing all black. Your sister Jane says that she’d look good in light colors. On your way back home, you say to Jane, “You say those things about Amy because of your competitiveness (好胜心). You think Amy is prettier than you, so you pick on her.” Jane snaps back, “You’re the one who worries about your looks! And you’re always worried about what Amy thinks.” You think, “I don’t worry about my looks. Well maybe a little, but I already knew that. Jane just can’t see how competitive she is!” It’s possible you are more insightful (有洞察力的) than your sister. But first, you need to know about an everyday human mistake—people are likely to think they have more insight than others, though it’s not true all of the time. The feeling that others have less insight than us is part of a tendency (倾向) to think that other people are wrong when they disagree with us. We think we’re “realistic” and they are “biased (偏见的)” Maybe Jane and Amy had a phone conversation before your visit. They might have talked about clothes. Jane might have all kinds of reasons for her words that have nothing to do with competition. In a study of this problem among college roommates, researchers found, not surprisingly, that students tended to think they had more insight into their roommates and also more self-insight. Why might this be? We experience ourselves from the inside but when we judge(评判) others, we just pay attention to their actions. Let’s say you’re late for a meeting. You know you’ve just heard a piece of bad news and needed time to calm down. But when others arrive late, you tend to think that they don’t follow the rules, and they are self-centered. You never think about the reasons behind their actions. You don’t think it could be situational. How can you use the information? Be cautious about judging others and thinking you can read them. You might not know enough about the situation or the reasons for their actions. When other people try to read you, and think they’re more insightful, you don’t need to listen to them. Just let it go. After all, you know a lot about your own situation. 45. What can we learn from the example in Paragraph 2? A. People usually think they are good at reading others. B. It’s not right for people to be highly competitive. C. People should point out the mistakes of others. D. Dressing in light colors makes people prettier. 46. What does the word “cautious” in the last paragraph most probably mean? A. Confident. B. Certain. C. Comfortable. D. Careful. 47 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. How Important Is It to Think for Others? B. How Can We Clear up a Misunderstanding? C Are You More Insightful Than Other People? D. Are You Good at Making Quick Judgments? 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$