UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（外研版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points ◎核心单词——练通 1．running down her forehead 顺着她的额头往下流 2．their blank faces 他们木然的表情 3．the all-important input 所有重要的投入 4．overcome the obstacles 克服障碍 5．the initial phase 初始阶段 6．purchase my product 购买我的产品 7．a decent bonus 一笔可观的奖金 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．dizzy adj.头晕目眩的→dizzily adv.头晕目眩地 2．potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.潜在地 3．enterprising adj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的→enterprise n．公司，企业单位→enterpriser n．企业家 4．distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销→distribute v．分发；分配 5．guidance n．指导，引导→guide v．指导，引导 n．指南，手册 6．consultant n．顾问→consult v．询问，咨询 规律：表人词缀“-ant” 示例：consult v．询问，咨询→consultant n．顾问 participate v．参加→participant n．参加者 apply v．申请→applicant n．申请人 assist v．帮助 →assistant n．助手 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．chairwoman of her company 她公司的女董事长 2．enjoy the sunrise 欣赏日出 3．the travel bug 旅游迷 学生用书第99页 4．a car manufacturer 汽车制造商 5．a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics 一家亚洲大型化妆品制造商 6．entrepreneurial confidence 创业的信心 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．深呼吸 take a deep breath 2．喜欢 be fond of 3．梦想…… dream of 4．以……告终，以……结束 end up with 5．抱着……希望 in the hope of 第二组　英译汉 6．rush into (doing) sth 仓促行事；匆忙行事 7．as to 关于，至于 8．row upon row of... 一排排的…… 9．be bitten by... 对……着迷；热衷于…… 10．the start-up bug 创业迷 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式　独立主格 教材原句　They stared back，their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next. 他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。 2．句型公式　强调句型 教材原句　It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential. 直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母之后，才意识到这里的潜力。 3．句型公式　advise后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 教材原句　...she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things. ……她建议他们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 blank adj.无表情的，木然的；空白的n.空白处，空格 v．突然忘掉 (教材原句)They stared back，their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next.他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。 (1)go blank (脑子里)突然一片空白；出现空白(指没有图像、文字等) blank expression/face 茫然的表情/面孔 (2)blank n． 空白处，空格 fill in/out the blank 填空 单句语法填空/语境辨义/完成句子 ①Please fill in/out the blank at the end of the text with a proper word or phrase. ②She gave the officer a blank stare and shrugged her shoulders.adj.无表情的 ③我沉浸在自己的思绪中，脑子里突然一片空白，完全忘记了台词。(读后续写之心理描写) My mind suddenly went blank as I was immersed in my thoughts and totally forgot my lines. 学生用书第100页 potential n．(事物的)潜力，可能性 (教材原句)It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential.直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母之后，才意识到这里的潜力。 (1)have the potential to do sth 有做某事的潜力 the potential for (doing) sth (做)某事的可能性/潜力 achieve/fulfill/realise one’s (full) potential (充分)发挥某人的潜力 (2)potential adj. 可能的；潜在的 the potential danger 潜在的危险 (3)potentially adv. 可能地；潜在地 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As we get older，our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially (potential) challenging driving conditions. ②I believe the boy has the potential to become(become) a world-class musician. ③All children have limitless potential for success as long as they find what they are fond of. ④政府将努力把我们作为个体来对待，帮助我们每个人实现我们的全部潜力。(应用文写作之投稿信) The government will struggle to treat us as individuals and to help each one of us achieve our full potential． distribution n．(商品的)分销，经销；分配，分发 (教材原句)After I went on TV，a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to purchase my product and help with its distribution. 我上了电视后，一家亚洲大型化妆品制造商表示愿意购买我的产品并且帮忙分销。 (1)distribute v. 分销；分配；分布；分发 distribute sth to... 给……分发某物 distribute sth among... 在……中分发/分配某物 (2)distributor n． 经销商；分销商 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The distribution (distribute) of these languages is hugely uneven. ②The teacher was distributing the sweets among the children when a boy burst out crying. ③我写这封邮件是告诉你一些我们捐赠的图书的情况，这些书将会尽快分发到每个学生手中。(应用文写作之告知信) I’m writing the e-mail to tell you something about our donated books，which will be distributed to each student as soon as possible． guidance n．指导，引导 (教材原句)Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit，she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things. 尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现，但她建议他们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。 (1)under sb’s guidance(＝under the guidance of sb) 在某人的指导下 (2)guide vt. 引路；指导 n． 指南；手册；向导 guide sb to... 引导某人到……(to为介词) guide sb in doing... 引导某人做…… 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①The shop assistant guided me to the shelf where the historical novels were displayed. ②We were guided by a local guide and visited the splendid statue. →Guided by a local guide，we visited the splendid statue.(动词-ed形式短语作状语) 学生用书第101页 →With a local guide guiding us，we visited the splendid statue.(with复合结构) →A local guide guiding us，we visited the splendid statue.(独立主格结构) →Under the guidance of a local guide/Under a local guide’s guidance，we visited the splendid statue.(介词短语) consultant n．顾问 (教材原句)Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spirit，she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things. 尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现，但她建议他们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。 consult v. 咨询；请教；商量，磋商；查阅 consult sb about sth 向某人请教/咨询某事 consult with sb 与某人商量/与某人磋商 consult a doctor 向医生求诊 [名师点津]　关于“查词典”的表达有：consult a dictionary，refer to a dictionary，look up a word in a dictionary等。 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①He often goes to my office to consult me about the method of learning English. ②I consulted with a consultant (consult)about how to run my business well last week. ③After I consulted my teacher，I made up my mind to major in English. →Having consulted my teacher，I made up my mind to major in English.(非谓语动词作状语) 一、一词多义——blank A．n.空白处，空格　B．adj.无表情的，木然的　C．adj.空白的　D．v.突然忘掉 1．Put a word in each blank to complete the sentence. A 2．Hearing the news that the scholar was killed，my mind went blank. C 3．I had a few blank faces and blank eyes when I was delivering a speech. B 4．In fact I knew the answer，but I totally blanked during the test. D 二、熟词生义 She was never interested in fitness before but now she’s been bitten by the bug.n.热衷，着迷 学生用书第102页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：独立主格 (教材原句)They stared back，their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next. 他们面无表情地凝视着她，让人根本看不出他们接下来会说什么。 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。独立主格结构的常用形式： (1)逻辑主语＋现在分词； (2)逻辑主语＋过去分词； (3)逻辑主语＋动词不定式； (4)逻辑主语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。 完成句子 ①远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。(读后续写之动作描写) In the distance，elephants were eating grass，ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. ②他站在钢琴旁边，闭着眼睛，第一次听着自己的创作由别人弹奏出来。(读后续写之动作描写) He stood by the piano，eyes closed，listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else. ③一群女孩走来，每人手里拿着一些鲜花。(读后续写之动作描写) A group of girls came along，each carrying some fresh flowers in her hand． 句型公式：强调句型 (教材原句)It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential. 直到她结束海外留学生活，回国看望父母之后，才意识到这里的潜力。 句中“It was...that...”是强调句型，强调的是时间状语。 (1)强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分。 (2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分？ (3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋句子其余部分？ (4)not until的强调结构：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分 [名师点津]　强调句与定语从句的区别 (1)强调句的特点：去掉it is/was和that/who后，句子结构仍完整，且意义清楚。 (2)时间、地点状语前是否有介词是判断这两种句式的关键。例如： It was in the shop that I met an old friend of mine.(强调句型) It was the shop where I met an old friend of mine.(定语从句) 完成句子 ①正是整个境况让她感到非常沮丧和心烦。(读后续写之情感描写) It was the whole situation that made her very depressed and upset. ②就是在那一刻，他灰心丧气，像一个泄气的球。(读后续写之情感描写) It was at that moment that he was discouraged like a deflated ball. ③直到我再一次求职失败，我才意识到知识的价值。(读后续写之主旨升华) It was not until I had another failure in my job-seeking that I realized knowledge is valuable. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$