UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套教参（外研版2019）

主题语境：人与自我——未来的选择 单元目标速览 单元话题导入 学生用书第2页 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension Step One：Pre-reading 1．Are you afraid of making choices？Why? Sometimes，I am afraid of making choices.Because I’m a perfectionist. 2．What do you think life’s path looks like? The road of life is full of choices：On the road of life，we face countless choices.These choices shape the course of our lives and influence our growth and development.But we need to be thoughtful in our choices，taking into account our values，goals and interests，because we are to blame for the consequences of our choices. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Various possibilities for future development. B．Different people do different jobs. C．How to choose future jobs. D．People should be optimistic about the future. 答案：A Ⅱ.Match the main idea with each paragraph Para.1 A．Everyone has their way to success. Para.2 B．Doyle was disappointed with the success of his Holmes’s stories. Para.3 C．Doyle’s main writing ambition. Para.4 D．Hemingway achieved his ambition to become a writer. Para.5 E．Having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. Para.6 F．What we are most concerned about in life. 答案：Paras.1－6　FEDCBA Ⅲ.Read for the structure Read the passage quickly and fill in the following blanks with suitable words. Shall we take action to shape our future or should we just accept 1.whatever comes our way？ Ernest Hemingway，born in 1899，made up his mind 2.to write when he was a child.He used his extraordinary experiences to 3.inform his writing. His short novel The Old Man and the Sea won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. Arthur Conan Doyle，4.born in Scotland in 1859，worked as a doctor 5.originally.He longed 6.to become known for his historical novels.However，his fictional detective Sherlock Holmes made him a 7.household name. Commons：They are both famous authors. They shared the same 8.ambitious and energetic approach 9.to life. Making plans is not enough to guarantee success，and we should be prepared for the 10.unexpected. Ⅳ.Read for details 1．Which of the following statements about Hemingway is TRUE? A．He wrote novels based on his imagination. B．His novel The Old Man and the Sea won the Nobel Prize in Literature. C．He is 40 years junior to Doyle. D．After he was grown-up，he intended to write. 2．What can we infer about Arthur Conan Doyle from the passage? A．He was best known for his historical novels. B．He was born in Scotland in 1899. 学生用书第3页 C．He began to write his detective novels when he worked as a doctor. D．He had an ambition to become a writer of detective novels. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Having plans in place for the future is a guarantee that they will become reality. B．Whatever difficulty we meet with in our life，we should be prepared for the unexpected. C．Hemingway had richer experience than Arthur Doyle in writing. D．Both authors mentioned in the passage were fond of composing detective novels. 4．What can you learn from Paragraph 5? A．Doyle managed to achieve his dream of writing historical novels. B．Doyle quitted medical studies and only took up writing ultimately. C．Readers spoke highly of Doyle’s detective novels and were deep into the character of Sherlock Holmes. D．Doyle’s historical novels made him well-known to the public. 答案：1—4　CCBC Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1． [尝试翻译]　正如我们许多人已经知道的那样，为未来制定计划并不能保证它们将成为现实。 2． [尝试翻译]　为自己设定了这个目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等方面的个人经历写了许多小说和短篇故事。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　Though both of these men were ultimately successful，their paths to success were very different，their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned.(人物介绍) 学后仿写　袁隆平生于1930年9月，卒于2021年，享年91岁。他培育了世界上第一个高产杂交水稻，养活了世界上近五分之一的人口。 Yuan Longping was born in September 1930 and died in 2021，aged 91.He cultivated the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice，which has helped feed nearly one-fifth of the world’s population． 2．教材佳句　So，whatever twists and turns you might encounter，take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.(人物介绍) 学后仿写　给我印象最深的是他在他的职业生涯中表现出的毅力。在他的鼓励下，我决心为我的梦想更加努力。 What impresses me most is his perseverance shown in his career.Encouraged by him，I’m determined to work harder for my dream． Ⅲ.品质升华 1．What can you learn about facing the future from the two authors？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) On the way to success，we should get prepared for the unexpected and something may not turn out as planned. 2．What will you do to prepare yourself for the future？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) I will keep up a good state mind and get prepared for the unexpected because I know everything can’t turn out as expected. 学生用书第4页 ◎ ①of sb’s choice 某人自己选择(或选定)的(常作后置定语) ②in the face of 面对 ③approach the future 走近未来 ④take action 采取行动 ⑤shape [熟词生义] vt. 影响……的发展，决定……的形成 ⑥come one’s way 意外落在某人头上，偶然发生在某人身上 ⑦in place 准备就绪；在正确位置，准备妥当 ⑧guarantee/ˌɡærən'tiː/ n．& vt. 保证，担保 ⑨in this respect 在这方面 ⑩illustrate/'ɪləstreɪt/ vt. 说明，解释 illustration/ˌɪlə'streɪʃn/ n. 图解，例释；插图 ⑪apart adv. (指空间或时间)相隔，相距 ⑫share [熟词生义] vt.&vi.有同样的感情(或想法、经历等) ⑬ambitious/æm'bɪʃəs/ adj. 有野心的，有雄心的 ambition/æm'bɪʃ(ə)n/ n. 追求，理想 ⑭approach to life 生活方式，生活态度 approach 在此作名词，表示“方式，方法，态度”，常与介词to连用。 ⑮contrasting/kən'trɑːstɪŋ/ adj. 极不相同的，差异大的 ⑯boyhood/'bɔɪhʊd/ n. (男性的)童年时期，少年时代 [构词法]-hood是名词词缀，表示“……的状态(或性质)”。如childhood儿童时期，manhood成年(时期)。 ⑰single-minded adj. 一心一意的，专心致志的 [构词法]single-minded是“形容词＋名词-ed形式”构成的复合形容词，常见的还有：short-sighted近视的，warm-hearted热心肠的，good-tempered脾气好的。 ⑱trainee/ˌtreɪ'niː/ n．接受工作培训的人；实习生 trainer n. 教员 [构词法]名词后缀-ee表示“受动者，受益者”，注意与-er的区别。如employer雇用者，employee雇员；interviewer采访者，interviewee接受采访者。 ⑲correspondent/ˌkɒrɪ'spɒndənt/ n. 通讯员，记者 ⑳extraordinary/ɪk'strɔːdnri/ adj. 不一般的，非凡的，卓越的 ㉑inform [熟词生义]vt. 对……有影响 ㉒bullfighting/'bʊlfaɪtɪŋ/ n. 斗牛 bullfighter/'bʊlfaɪtə/ n. 斗牛士 ㉓amongst/ə'mʌŋst/ prep. 在……当中(同among) amongst others 其中；除了别的以外 ㉔epic/'epɪk/ adj. 漫长而艰难的，艰苦卓绝的；史诗般的 an epic journey/struggle 一场漫长而艰难的旅程/艰苦卓绝的斗争 ㉕elderly adj. 上了年纪的(婉辞，与old同义) the elderly 老人，上了年纪的人 ㉖by contrast 相比之下 ㉗historical/hɪ'stɒrɪk(ə)l/ adj. (有关)历史的 ㉘compared to...与……相比(作状语) ㉙fictional/'fɪkʃənl/ adj. 虚构的，小说(中)的 fiction n. 小说 historical/romantic fiction 历史/言情小说 ㉚detective/dɪ'tektɪv/ n. 私家侦探 a detective story/novel 一个(部)侦探故事/小说 ㉛medical practice 行医；诊所 practice 在此意为“(医生、律师的)工作，业务活动，工作地点”。 a dental/law practice 一家牙医诊所/律师事务所 ㉜devote oneself to＝be devoted to 致力于，献身于 ㉝long to do sth渴望做某事 long vi. 渴望 ㉞can’t get enough of...对……如痴如狂 ㉟in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地 ㊱kill off 除掉，使某事物停止，排除 ㊲focus on 集中于 ㊳under immense pressure 在巨大的压力下 immense/ɪ'mens/ adj. 极大的，巨大的 ㊴be forced to do sth被迫做某事 ㊵bring...back from the dead 使……起死回生 ㊶ultimately/'ʌltɪmɪtli/ adv. 最后，最终 ultimate/'ʌltɪmət/ adj. 最后的，最终的 ultimate goal/target 最终的目的/目标 ㊷paths to success 成功之路 ㊸turn out...……地发展(或发生)；结果…… ㊹twists and turns 迂回曲折 ㊺encounter/ɪn'kaʊntə(r)/ vt.&n.遭遇，邂逅 ㊻take a leaf from/out of the book of sb＝take a leaf from/out of sb’s book 效仿，模仿(成功之人的举止和行为) ㊼the unexpected 未知的事物 [拓展]“the＋adj.”表示一类人或物，如the old老年人，the right正确的事。 ㊽dot/dɒt/ n．点，小圆点 ㊾backwards/'bækwədz/ adv. 往回，往前面 ◎ Facing the Future 1 For many of us，it’s something we already have experienced.One moment，we are lying comfortably in bed，about to fall into a deep sleep.The next，our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives【1】—the future.Will we get into the school of our choice①？What will we be doing in ten years’ time？Can we become the person we really want to be？【2】In the face of② such questions，how should we approach the future③？Can we take action④ to shape⑤ it，or should we just accept whatever comes our way⑥？ 【1】“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，此处用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示主动和动作正在进行。 【2】本句是主从复合句。“we really want to be”是省略了关系代词who/that的定语从句，修饰先行词the person。 2 As many of us already know，having plans in place⑦ for the future is no guarantee⑧ that they will become reality.【3】In this respect⑨，some people are more fortunate than others，as can be illustrated⑩ by comparing the lives of two famous authors，born 40 years apart⑪．【4】Although they shared⑫the same ambitious⑬ and energetic approach to life⑭，their careers unfolded in contrasting⑮ ways. 【3】本句是主从复合句。As引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整个主句并在从句中作宾语。主句是主系表结构，“having plans...future”为动词-ing形式短语作主语，that引导的同位语从句对guarantee作解释说明。 【4】as引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容并在从句中作主语。过去分词短语“born 40 years apart”作后置定语，修饰two famous authors。 学生用书第5页 3 The American author，Ernest Hemingway，born in 1899，was from early boyhood⑯ single-minded⑰ in his ambition to write.On leaving high school，【5】he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee⑱ reporter.He went on to become foreign correspondent⑲ for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary⑳ experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform㉑ his writing.In his words，“I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.”Having set himself this goal，he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War，the Spanish Civil War，bullfighting㉒ and deep-sea fishing，amongst㉓ others.【6】His novel The Old Man and the Sea，about the three-day epic㉔ struggle between an elderly㉕ fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught ，【7】won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953.He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. 【5】on/upon doing...表示“一……就……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 【6】动词-ing形式短语“Having set himself this goal”作时间状语，相当于After he had set himself this goal。 【7】省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词fish。先行词前有形容词最高级修饰，关系代词只能用that，不用which。 4 By contrast㉖，the young Arthur Conan Doyle，born in Scotland in 1859，had originally worked as a doctor.But Doyle’s main ambition was to become a writer of historical㉗ novels．【8】 Although some of his historical novels were published，their success was nothing compared to㉘ the stories of his fictional㉙ detective㉚，Sherlock Holmes，which he is still best known for to this day．【9】 【8】画线部分是动词不定式短语作表语。 【9】本句是主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句；主句中过去分词短语“compared to...this day”作状语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the stories。 学生用书第6页 5 Interestingly，Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice㉛in London．【10】After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name，Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to㉜writing.He still longed to㉝become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works.The public，however，couldn’t get enough of㉞Sherlock Holmes.In desperation㉟，Doyle killed off㊱the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on㊲his “serious” writing.【11】However，fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle，under immense pressure㊳，was forced to㊴bring Holmes back from the dead㊵.【12】Doyle’s many historical novels，plays，poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten，but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century. 【10】while引导时间状语从句，while表示“在……期间，当……的时候”。 【11】本句是主从复合句。so that引导目的状语从句。主句中过去分词短语“published in 1893”作后置定语，修饰名词a novel。 【12】本句是主从复合句。句中画线部分包含“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句。 6 Though both of these men were ultimately㊶successful，their paths to success㊷were very different，their futures not necessarily turning out㊸exactly as they planned.【13】So，whatever twists and turns㊹you might encounter㊺，take a leaf out of the books of㊻these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected㊼.【14】As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said，“You can’t connect the dots㊽looking forward；【15】you can only connect them looking backwards㊾.So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.” 学生用书第7页 【13】本句是主从复合句。Though引导让步状语从句。“their futures...planned”是独立主格结构，其中as引导方式状语从句。 【14】本句是主从复合句。whatever引导让步状语从句，whatever相当于no matter what。 【15】动词-ing形式短语looking forward作状语。 ◎ 面对未来 1 我们许多人都有过这样的经历。前一刻，我们正惬意地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠。但下一刻，我们就睁开了双眼，发现自己在思考，甚至在担忧可能是人生中最重要的事情——未来。我们能进入心仪的学校吗？十年之后我们会在做什么？我们能够成为真正想成为的人吗？面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢？我们能否采取行动去影响未来，还是该全然接受现实给予我们的一切呢？ 2 正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。就这一方面而言，一些人比别人更幸运，例如，有两位年龄相差40岁的著名作家，对比他们的人生就能证明这一点。虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但他们的职业生涯的发展却截然不同。 3 美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，他从小立志，一心一意想要成为作家。高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。此后，他又成为《多伦多星报》的一名驻外记者，根据在欧洲和后来在古巴的独特经历进行创作。他曾说：“我决定把我知道的每一件事都写成一个故事。”在立下这一目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历，创作了许多小说和短篇故事。他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条自己捕过的最大的鱼进行了三天艰苦卓绝搏斗的故事。这部小说于1953年获得普利策小说奖。海明威后来还荣获了诺贝尔文学奖。 4 相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟·柯南·道尔，原先是一名医生，但他最大的志向却是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他出版过一些历史小说，但与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事相比，所取得的成功不可同日而语。直到现在，道尔最广为人知的作品仍是夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事。 5 有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间，在等候病人的时候创作的。在夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心地投入创作。除了其他学术作品，他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名。然而，公众却对夏洛克·福尔摩斯的故事百读不厌。绝望之下，道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。然而福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的很多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文几乎都被人遗忘了，但夏洛克·福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者。 6 虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，他们的未来也不一定完全如他们当初所计划的那样。因此，不管未来你会遇到怎样的坎坷和曲折，都应以这两位作家为榜样，做好应对意外的准备。正如著名的科技创新者史蒂夫·乔布斯所说：“你无法预见性地将生命中的点滴串联起来，只有在回头看时，你才会发现这些点滴之间的联系。所以你要坚信，你现在所经历的，将在你未来的生命中串联起来。” 学生用书第8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$