UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension 课时测评-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版2019）

课时测评9　Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking—Reading comprehension (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (时间：45分钟　满分：50分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共37.5分) A Events at the Fleet Science Center Superpower Dogs Join an adventure to experience the life-saving superpowers of some of the world's most amazing dogs on the big screen.No stranger to superheroes himself，Chris Evans narrates(讲述) this inspiring true story about remarkable dogs that save lives. Time：March 2，2：00 pm Price：Adult (Age 13－65)$21；Junior (Age 3－12)$18；Senior (Age 65＋)$19 The Sky Tonight Early show：March 4，7：00 pm to 8：00 pm Late show：March 4，8：15 pm to 9：15 pm Join us for a tour of the solar system.Journey through the universe with us as we explore a new topic each month. Price：Adult (Age 13－65)$19；Junior (Age 3－12)$17；Senior (Age 65＋)$18 Make-It Workshop We invite you to stop by Studio X to try your hand at making.Make-It Workshop activities change monthly and fees vary. Participants can purchase tickets at Studio X on the day of the workshop. Time：March 7，11：30 am to 3：30 pm Suds & Science Sometimes，the most interesting discussions occur over a beer or a glass of your favorite wine.That's the concept behind Suds &Science，a monthly event that brings scientists face-to-face with the general public in a neighborhood bar. Location：Thorn Brewing，3176 Thorn St，San Diego，CA 92104 Time：March 8，6：30 pm to 8：00 pm Price：$6 at the door.Food & drinks are available for purchase.Please come early to place your orders at the bar，as staff will not be available to take orders during the event. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了舰队科学中心(the Fleet Science Center)的几个活动。 1．How much should a grandpa aged 70 with a kid aged 3 pay for the film-watching event? A．$35.　　　　　　 B．$36. C．$37. D．$38. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章Superpower Dogs部分中的“Price：Adult(Age 13－65)$21；Junior(Age 3－12)$18；Senior (Age 65＋)$19”可知，一个70岁的爷爷带着一个3岁的孩子看电影要付：19＋18＝37美元。故选C项。 2．When will The Sky Tonight's late show end? A．At 8：00 pm. B．At 8：30 pm. C．At 9：00 pm. D．At 9：15 pm. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章The Sky Tonight部分中的“Late show：March 4，8：15 pm to 9：15 pm”可知，夜空秀的结束时间为晚上9：15。故选D项。 3．What do we know about the event on March 7? A．It is a hands-on activity. B．It needs advance reservations. C．It has Chris Evans narrate a story. D．It includes a tour of the solar system. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章Make-It Workshop部分中“We invite you to stop by Studio X to try your hand at making.”可知，3月7日的活动是一次实践活动。故选A项。 B (2023·辽宁大连高二期末) A robot created at Stanford University is diving down to shipwrecks (沉船) in a way that humans can't do.Known as OceanOneK，the robot allows its operators to feel like they're underwater explorers，too. OceanOneK resembles a human diver from the front，with arms，hands and eyes that capture the underwater world in full colour.The back of the robot has computers and eight multi-directional thrusters (推力器) that help it carefully explore the sites of fragile shipwrecks.When an operator at the ocean's surface uses controls to direct OceanOneK，the robot's touch-based feedback system causes the person to feel the water resistance. The idea for OceanOne，OceanOneK's predecessor (前身)，came from a desire to study coral reefs in the Red Sea at depths beyond the normal range for divers.While OceanOne was designed to reach maximum depths of 656 feet，researchers had a new goal: 1 kilometre，hence the new name for OceanOneK.The researchers changed the robot's body by using special foam to increase buoyancy (浮力) and fight the pressure of 1，000 metres—more than 100 times what humans experience at sea level.OceanOneK also got two new types of hands and increased arm and head motion. During OceanOneK's deep dive，team members discovered the robot couldn't rise when they stopped for a thruster check.Flotations on the communications and power line had collapsed，causing the line to pile on the top of the robot. OceanOneK's descent was a success.It dropped off a memorial marker on the seabed that reads，“A robot's first touch of the deep seafloor/A vast new world for humans to explore.”Khatib，a professor of computer science，called the experience an“incredible journey”．“This is the first time that a robot has been capable of going to such a depth，interacting with the environment，and permitting the human operator to feel that environment，”he said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款深海探测机器人OceanOneK。 4．What can we learn about OceanOneK? A．Its eyes are colourful. B．It functions automatically. C．It looks like a ship from the front. D．It is remotely controlled to explore underwater. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Known as OceanOneK，the robot allows its operators to feel like they're underwater explorers，too.”和第二段中的“When an operator at the ocean's surface uses controls to direct OceanOneK，the robot's touch-based feedback system causes the person to feel the water resistance.”可知，OceanOneK是被人远程控制的，可以在水下进行探测。故选D项。 5．How does the author develop the third paragraph? A．By listing figures. B．By raising questions. C．By reasoning and analysing. D．By presenting an argument. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“reach maximum depths of 656 feet，researchers had a new goal: 1 kilometre”和“fight the pressure of 1，000 metres—more than 100 times what humans experience at sea level”可知，第三段通过列数字来展开说明。故选A项。 6．What does the underlined word“descent”mean in the last paragraph? A．Successful operation. B．Deep diving. C．Pressure resistance. D．Flexible exploration. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“A robot's first touch of the deep seafloor/A vast new world for humans to explore.”和“This is the first time that a robot has been capable of going to such a depth”可知，此处表示这是机器人第一次能够到达这样的深度，触摸深海。由此可推知，画线词所在句表示这次下潜试验是一大成功。故descent意为“降落；下降”，与deep diving意思相近。故选B项。 7．What is a suitable title for the text? A．A Creative Explorer B．The Ambitious Exploration C．A Self-Driven Seeker—A Robot D．A Deep-Sea Explorer—OceanOneK 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一款能进行深海探险的机器人OceanOneK。故D项(深海探险家——OceanOneK)适合作为本文的标题。故选D项。 C (2023·厦门高二下期末) Now an interesting effort is underway to study and protect the reefs (礁).Aran Mooney，a marine biologist，is part of a network of scientists who've set up underwater microphones to essentially listen in on marine life. “It's just really striking what we can learn without actually visually observing，” says Mooney.“Just by listening—quiet listening—we can observe what the animals are doing out there in the ocean.” The scientists are racing to record these sounds at reefs threatened by climate change and pollution.The coral reef off the U．S.Virgin Islands recorded in 2013，when it was abundant，includes a wide range of sounds.Shrimp pop bubbles.Whales and fish call out.A year ago，the scientists recorded a reef in the same area that had been degraded by pollution.This time most of the sounds were gone. The animals have long departed—starting with the tiny larvae (幼虫) that are needed to build up new coral.But Mooney's team has started an experiment: Setting up underwater speakers to broadcast their recordings of the reef from 2013 in hopes of attracting back the coral larvae.Mooney explains that these tiny jellyfish-like animals get released from healthy reefs and then float for a while in the sea looking for a place to settle.A healthy habitat is super important for them because that's going to be their permanent location for the rest of their life.Once they attach themselves at the bottom，there's no chance of moving. To the scientists' delight，the effort seems to be working.Compared to a degraded reef where they're not playing sounds，the reef that they're acoustically (声学上) enhancing get more coral settlement.Specifically，about two to three times as much settlement.It will take a few more years to see if，as the coral gets re-established，more fish return as well.But Mooney says the results so far suggest an encouraging possibility: All these recordings don't have to be one more reminder of a disappearing world.They could be a key to restoring it. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阿兰·穆尼(Aran Mooney)和他的团队利用水下麦克风来记录珊瑚礁受到气候变化和污染威胁的声音。 8．What is an effort made by Mooney's team? A．Observing marine animals visually. B．Recording the sound underwater. C．Racing with other research groups. D．Communicating with marine animals. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Aran Mooney，a marine biologist，is part of a network of scientists who've set up underwater microphones to essentially listen in on marine life.”可知，Mooney团队通过设置水下麦克风来记录海洋生物的声音。故选B项。 9．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The decline of the sounds. B．The diversity of the sounds. C．The disappearance of the reef. D．The causes of the sea pollution. 答案：A 解析：段落大意题。根据文章第三段内容可知，以前记录的声音丰富多样，后来因为污染，大部分的声音都消失了。由此可知，第三段介绍了受气候变化和污染威胁的珊瑚礁发出的声音的减少。故选A项。 10．What do we know about the coral larvae? A．They can block out the broadcast. B．They are cautious about their habitats. C．They can change their locations easily. D．They are often accompanied by jellyfish. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“A healthy habitat is super important for them because that's going to be their permanent location for the rest of their life.Once they attach themselves at the bottom，there's no chance of moving.”可推知，珊瑚幼虫对它们的栖息地非常谨慎，故选B项。 11．Which word could be used to describe the experiment's results according to Mooney? A．Worrying. B．Controversial. C．Precise. D．Promising. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“But Mooney says the results so far suggest an encouraging possibility: All these recordings don't have to be one more reminder of a disappearing world.They could be a key to restoring it.”可知，与没有播放声音的退化珊瑚礁相比，他们通过声学增强的珊瑚礁获得了更多的珊瑚定居，因此实验结果是有希望的，故选D项。 D (2023·郑州一中高二下期末) Polar bears generally use sea ice to hunt，but a newly discovered group has found another way.An isolated (与世隔绝的) population of polar bears has been discovered in a fjord (峡湾) in southeast Greenland，which is free of sea ice for most of the year.Polar bears generally need sea ice to survive，so the discovery is raising hopes that some kinds of the polar bears might survive the loss of sea ice caused by global warming. Researchers found the population living in a fjord in the southeast Greenland，which is surrounded by mountains and an ice sheet to the west，and ocean to the east.The sea-ice coverage lasts for only around 100 days each year.With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming，the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century. But the isolated population has found a way to hunt without sea ice.The group，about 27 adult females，has been isolated from other polar bear populations along Greenland's east coast for at least 200 years. Tracking data from marked bears proves that they don't move far.For example，when members of the group went out of the fjord，the ice on which they sat sometimes got caught in the rapid water flow.“Whenever this happened，they would get stuck and then，they would have to jump off，swim to the beach and walk back home empty-handed，” says lead author Kristin Laidre，an animal ecologist at the University of Washington in Seattle. Though the researchers failed to video their hunting without sea ice，the existence of this small population in conditions of low sea-ice coverage suggests there is a chance that the population can survive，even as sea ice flows away to farther north each year. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。研究者发现北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致海冰流失中幸存下来。 12．What have the newly discovered polar bears found? A．A place filled with ice sheets. B．A way to hunt without sea ice. C．A way to track sea ice flowing away. D．An ice sheet caught in the rapid water flow. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“But the isolated population has found a way to hunt without sea ice.”可知，新发现的这一北极熊群体找到了这种没有海冰的狩猎方式，故选B。 13．Why were polar bears in the fjord expected to die out? A．They are being hunted by human. B．They have lost their source of food. C．They can't stand the increasing heat. D．The sea ice there is becoming smaller. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“With sea ice in the fjord becoming smaller because of global warming，the whole group were expected to die out by the end of this century.”可知，由于海冰变少，峡湾里的北极熊群体就可能会面临灭绝。故选D。 14．What can be inferred from the text? A．The bears can swim very far to hunt for food. B．Kristin Laidre is negative about the future of the group. C．Once the group went out of the fjord，they might get into trouble. D．If the bears got caught in the rapid water flow，they wouldn't go home. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容可推知，如果北极熊群体走出峡湾，它们就会陷入困境。故选C。 15．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Polar bear population can survive without sea ice B．Sea ice is becoming smaller because of the global warming C．Polar bear population may die out because of the global warming D．A newly discovered polar bear population has been stuck in a fjord 答案：A 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中的“Polar bears generally need sea ice to survive，so the discovery is raising hopes that some kinds of the polar bears might survive the loss of sea ice caused by global warming.”可知，本文主要介绍了研究者发现北极熊可能会在全球变暖导致海冰流失中幸存下来。由此可知，A项“没有海冰，北极熊群体可能会幸存下来”适合作文章标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) (2023·镇海中学高二期中) Hope for Solving Our Seas' Problems 　 The world's oceans，covering more than 70 percent of the Earth's surface，are filled with problems: Overfishing，warming and acidified(酸化) waters，plastic pollution，a loss of abundance and diversity. 1 But it's of great importance.To care about the ocean in the 21st century is to feel conflicted：Despair of what's been lost and be optimistic about what we can save. David Doubilet is a photographer who has already spent more than 28，000 hours underwater. 2 There is an image where Doubilet held a photo he made on the same coral reef，in the same spot，in 2009，showing what that coral reef looked like nine years later.The decline has been completely discouraging. 3 He talks about places where the coral is still healthy and is even being used to develop new species of more resilient(可迅速恢复的) coral.And he believes his work documenting all of this —the good and the bad—can inform and inspire people. “The time in the sea has given me a priceless perspective，” he says.“I can make pictures that bear witness.Pictures have this power to educate people.” But he is careful not to show only pictures that make people feel bad ——“ 4 ” That's the message of this issue： 5 As Doubilet puts it：“With hope，there's always the ability to change.Whether we choose to drive a hybrid car or not，whether we choose to turn down the temperature，and whether we use sustainable energy，above all，there is hope.” A．Yet Doubilet remains hopeful. B．We need pictures showing hope. C．There is reason for hope and a lot we can do. D．Finding solutions can seem a demanding task. E．There you'll find ideas for addressing the problems. F．It was like a bunch of corals and I went back to a cemetery. G．He has photographed the story about the changes to coral reefs. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述了一位摄影师通过拍摄水下珊瑚礁的照片提出：对于解决海洋问题我们应充满希望。 1．答案：D 解析：上文“The world's oceans...a loss of abundance and diversity.”讲述了海洋存在的问题，所以接下来应该阐述解决这些问题的方法，空处与上文是顺承关系。选项D符合语境。 2．答案：G 解析：根据下文中的“There is an image where Doubilet held a photo he made on the same coral reef，in the same spot，in 2009”可知，Doubilet在同一处珊瑚礁的同一个位置拍摄了一张珊瑚礁的照片。所以空处应与the same照应，讲述他拍摄的珊瑚礁。选项G符合语境。 3．答案：A 解析：根据下文中的“And he believes his work documenting all of this —the good and the bad —can inform and inspire people.”可知，Doubilet认为他的记录会给人们提供信息、启发人们(采取措施)。空处位于段首，应是本段的主题句，讲述他对珊瑚礁的恢复是有信心的。选项A符合语境。 4．答案：B 解析：根据上文中的“But he is careful not to show only pictures that make people feel bad”可知，接下来要讲述Doubilet的照片还要展示好的一面。选项B 与上文是顺承关系，符合语境。 5．答案：C 解析：根据下文中的“With hope，there's always the ability to change...there is hope.”可知，充满希望是最重要的，因为有了希望我们才有改变的能力，我们能做的还有很多。选项C引出下文，符合语境，hope为关键复现词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$