UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language 课时测评-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课堂高效讲义配套练习（人教版2019）

课时测评2　Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language— Build up your vocabulary (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) (时间：45分钟　满分：61.5分) [语境基础练] 进阶训练一　根据汉语意思或首字母提示填入单词的适当形式 (每小题1分，共8分) 1．He received a promotion with a higher salary． 2．She bought a bag of flour to bake homemade bread. 3．For years he managed to keep up the fiction(虚构的事) that he was not married. 4．The clown's outfit looked ridiculous(荒唐的)at the formal event. 5．The wedding will take place at a beautiful outdoor venue(活动场地). 6．Despite facing challenges，she always maintains her dignity(尊严). 7．The company gave out bonuses to all employees for their hard work. 8．Whereas(尽管) some people prefer coffee，others would rather have tea. 进阶训练二　用所给词的适当形式填空 (每小题1分，共6分) 1．The lawyer made several declarations(declare) during the trial. 2．The jury found the suspect guilty(guilt) of the crime. 3．They have a weekly(week) meeting to discuss project updates. 4．She received an appointment(appoint) to meet with the manager. 5．The employee was dismissed(dismiss) for violating company policy. 6．He struggled with the calculation(calculate) in his math homework. 进阶训练三　完成句子(每小题3分，共15分) 1．这样能使你以后再看笔记时更容易辨认些。(make 复合结构) This makes your notes easier to readwhen you look at them later. 2．促使她成功的原因，与其说是她的聪明，倒不如说是她的勤奋。(more ...than...) It was more her hard work than her clevernessthat led to her success. 3．现在有一个好机会，你可以利用暑假参加游学活动。 (完全倒装) Here comes a good chance that you can use your summer vacation to go on study tours. 4．如果你不赴牙医之约，你就得付钱。(appointment) If you fail to keep the appointment with the dentist，you'll have to pay for it. 5．在一个总是下雨的国家，他们还缺水，这真是荒唐。(ridiculous) It is ridiculous that they are short of water in a country where it is always raining. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2．5分，共20分) A (2023·山东济南高二下期末) A team of engineers has invented a new type of tiny，self-driven robots that can travel through liquid at incredible speeds and may one day even deliver drugs to hard-to-reach places like bladder (膀胱) inside the human body. The new study shows this research is a big step forward for tiny robots.The microrobots are really small.Each one measures only 20 micrometers wide，several times smaller than the width of a human hair.They're also really fast，capable of traveling at speeds of about 3 millimeters per second，or roughly 9，000 times their own length per minute.The machines look a bit like small rockets and come complete with three tiny wings.The team makes its microrobots out of materials by using a technology similar to 3D printing.Each of the robots carries a small bubble (泡泡) of trapped air.If you expose the machines to sound，the bubbles will begin to shake wildly，pushing water away and shooting the robots forward. “Imagine if microrobots could perform certain tasks in the body，such as surgeries without cutting into the body，” said Jin Lee，lead author of the study，“We can simply introduce the robots to the body through a pill or an injection，and they would perform the procedure themselves.If that sounds like something copied from science fiction，that's because it is.” He imagined that，just like in the movie，microrobots could move through a person's blood stream，seeking out targeted areas.“Once there，the machines slowly released their medicine over the course of about two days.Such a steady flow of medicine could improve the outcome for patients，”Lee added.“But there is a lot of work to do before microrobots can travel through real human bodies.” For a start，the group wants to make the machines fully biodegradable so that they would eventually disappear in the body，causing no damage at all.“If we can make them work in the bladder，” Lee said，“maybe patients wouldn't have to come into the clinic as often.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工程师发明了一种新型的微型自驱动机器人。 1．What is an advantage of the invention? A．The small size. B．The rocket-like shape. C．The big bubble. D．The 3D-printed material. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知，工程师发明了新型的微型机器人，这项发明的优势在于尺寸小，未来可将药物送到人体里。故选A项。 2．What can we infer from Lee's words about the robots in Paragraph 3? A．They cure bladder diseases. B．They help to give patients pills. C．They are inspired from science fiction. D．They have performed tasks in human bodies. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“If that sounds like something copied from science fiction，that's because it is.”可推知，这个想法是受到科幻小说的激发。故选C项。 3．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “biodegradable” in Paragraph 4? A．Efficient.　　　　 B．Resolvable. C．Recyclable. D．Sensitive. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“For a start，the group wants to make the machines fully biodegradable so that they would eventually disappear in the body，causing no damage at all.”可知，研究者希望这些机器能够消失在体内，画线词与resolvable最为接近，意为“可分解的，可溶解的”。故选B项。 4．What is the purpose of the text? A．To introduce a healthcare robot. B．To advertise a medical machine. C．To arouse interest in developing robots. D．To raise concern about bladder diseases. 答案：A 解析：写作目的题。根据文章第一段内容以及下文的具体介绍可知，本文的目的是介绍一款医疗机器人。故选A项。 B (2023·广州越秀区高二下期末) Imagine a warm spring day 66 million years ago.Fish would have been swimming in the rivers in an area that's now North Dakota in the US.Seconds later，the peace was ended by destruction. These could have been the very last moments of the dinosaur era when a city-sized asteroid (小行星) struck Earth，killing off three quarters of all species on the planet.According to a study published in Nature on Feb 23，the asteroid hit in springtime，which saw the death of an over-160-million-year-old dynasty and changed the course of evolution of life on Earth. Scientists have long been confused over the time of year the asteroid hit，and how some animals managed to survive while dinosaurs didn't. Researchers in 2019 discovered the fishes fossils in North Dakota that died shortly after the asteroid hit Earth.They examined the fossils with a particle accelerator and found out there was seasonal growth on the bones.All fish bone cell densities (密度) and volumes can indicate the season.Because the accelerator also could capture the size researchers were able to determine when in the year the asteroid hit. The timing of the big hit，at least for the Northern Hemisphere (北半球)，came at a particularly sensitive stage.“I think spring puts a large group of the late Cretaceous biota (白垩纪生物) in a very difficult situation because they were out and about looking for food，tending to their babies and trying to build up resources after the terrible winter，” an author of the study said. In the Southern Hemisphere，it was in autumn，a season when many creatures prepared for winter.Therefore，life in the Southern Hemisphere was a lot more prepared for this event. It is unclear whether small animals in the Northern Hemisphere actually did worse than those in the south.There is evidence that Northern Hemisphere turtles were extinguished in the asteroid strike，after which their habitats were later repopulated by turtles from the south，the author said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对小行星撞击地球导致的大灾难中，有的动物存活下来，有的却没能存活，专家对这一现象进行了研究和猜想。 5．What influence did the asteroid strike have on the earth? A．All the creatures on the earth died out. B．It opened a new era in the course of evolution. C．The dinosaur era lasted over 160 million years. D．Only twenty-five percent of dinosaurs survived. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“According to a study published in Nature on Feb 23，the asteroid hit in springtime，which saw the death of an over-160-million-year-old dynasty and changed the course of evolution of life on Earth.”可知，小行星撞击对地球的影响是在进化过程中开创了一个新时代。故选B。 6．What can be inferred according to the research made in 2019? A．Life in the Southern Hemisphere was more likely to survive the hit. B．Most animals died because they were sensitive to the harsh environment. C．The larger the size of the animals，the more potentially they could survive. D．The fishes bone cell densities and volumes can tell what caused to the death. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，根据2019年的研究可以推断出南半球的生命更有可能在这次撞击中幸存下来。故选A。 7．Which phrase can best replace “extinguished” underlined in the last paragraph? A．Broken up. B．Taken up. C．Left out. D．Wiped out. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“after which their habitats were later repopulated by turtles from the south”可知，此处是指北半球的海龟在小行星撞击中灭绝了，所以画线词extinguished意为“灭绝的”，与D项意思相近。故选D。 8．What is the best title of this text? A．The Asteroid Escape B．The Damage of Extinction C．Springing to Extinction D．The Development of the Dinosaur Era 答案：C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了对小行星撞击地球导致的大灾难中，有的动物存活下来，有的却没能存活，专家对这一现象进行了研究和猜想。故C项“Springing to Extinction”为本文最佳标题。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2．5分，共12．5分) (2023·河北沧州高二期末) A lot of people may feel puzzled about viewing art，for it is generally thought to be too abstract and professional. 1 Try these tips next time you're viewing art and see if you can transform your experience. Spend time with art.If you only take a moment to consider a work of art，you'll only generate a moment's opinion. 2 Art lets you put life on pause.That's one of its greatest aspects.Even if it's just for a few moments，stop worrying about what you need to do next or where you need to be and really dive into the artwork. Determine the basics.When you're first encountering an artwork，identify the basic information about it.If it's a painting，see if you can figure out the type of paints used.When possible，identify the artist，when they created it，and whether it is a still life or a landscape. 3 Think about how you feel.Recognise your feelings as you first view the art. 4 Is it natural and unintentional? How does it affect your feelings? This subjective (主观的) response is a more immediate reaction，but it is worth regarding，because art is about the artist communicating and expressing ideas. 5 Art is subjective，so finding what you like and don't like about a work of art is a key factor to better understanding it.If you don't like a certain style，don't worry—there is something out there for everyone，from Abstract Expressionism to Photorealism. A．Do some homework. B．Find your likes and dislikes. C．Is the artwork forceful and dramatic? D．Is there a right or a wrong way on how to view art? E．However，it doesn't mean you can't view art if you're not an art expert. F．These simple observations can help you gain a better understanding of the artwork. G．The most enriching and fascinating artwork requires plenty of time to fully appreciate. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何能够更好地欣赏艺术作品。 1．答案：E 解析：根据上文“A lot of people may feel puzzled about viewing art，for it is generally thought to be too abstract and professional.”可知，很多人会对观赏艺术感到困惑，认为艺术过于抽象和专业，E项(然而，这并不意味着如果你不是艺术专家，你就不能观赏艺术)与上文为转折关系，且引出下文。故选E项。 2．答案：G 解析：根据本段主旨句“Spend time with art.”和下文“Art lets you put life on pause.”可知，艺术需要花时间欣赏，它能让你暂停生活，G项(最丰富和迷人的艺术作品需要花费大量的时间来充分欣赏)符合本段主旨，且能引起下文。故选G项。 3．答案：F 解析：上文告诉我们在欣赏艺术作品时，要先观察有关它的基本信息，例如所用的颜料类型、创作的时间等，F项(这些简单的观察可以帮助你更好地理解艺术作品)能够承接上文，介绍了观察给我们带来的好处。故选F项。 4．答案：C 解析：上文告诉我们在欣赏艺术作品时，要认识到自己的感受，C项(艺术作品是否有说服力且令人印象深刻？)能够承接上文，介绍了从哪些方面认识到自己的感受，且与下文句式一致。故选C项。 5．答案：B 解析：本段内容告诉我们要找到你喜欢和不喜欢的艺术作品，这样才能更好地欣赏它，B项(找到你喜欢的类型和不喜欢的类型)能够概括段落主旨，下文解释了为什么要找到你喜欢和不喜欢的艺术作品。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$